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Researchers have submitted a patent application for a pharmaceutical composition of mung bean hull extract with antiviral properties. The extract is obtained by soaking and extracting mung bean hulls with alcohol, and has shown potential to inhibit various viruses, including influenza and Newcastle disease virus. This innovative approach combines traditional Chinese medicine with modern technology to develop a promising antiviral treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the National University of San Marcos in Lima, Peru, focused on the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in domestic birds in Peru. The research identified the cocirculation of multiple NDV genotypes, including highly virulent genotypes XII and VII, along with nonvirulent forms like genotypes I and II. The study highlighted the potential role of gamecocks as a source of virulent NDV strains and emphasized the importance of genetic analysis for vaccine adaptation to combat the evolving viruses. This research underscores the significance of understanding and monitoring NDV in domestic bird populations in Peru to prevent outbreaks in poultry farms. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Islamic Azad University explored the potential of using Newcastle disease virus (NDV) to enhance the antitumor efficacy of Doxorubicin in a mouse model of cervical cancer. The research found that the combination therapy significantly improved survival rates and slowed tumor progression compared to the control group. The study suggests that NDV could serve as an adjunct therapy alongside chemotherapy for cervical cancer treatment. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Henan University of Science and Technology have enhanced the oncolytic potential of the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) by modifying its F protein cleavage site. The recombinant NDV LaSota strain, rLaSota-BC-RFP, showed increased infectivity and tumor cell suppression in murine melanoma cells. This modification also led to improved tumor growth inhibition, survival rates, and immune responses in mice, suggesting that rLaSota-BC-RFP could be a promising oncolytic viral vector for cancer gene therapy. The study highlights the potential of using engineered viruses to enhance cancer treatment outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Mansoura University in Egypt explored the potential protective effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (G. glabra) against the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in chickens. The research involved treating 1-day-old SPF chicks with G. glabra extract before and after viral challenge, resulting in a significant decrease in clinical symptoms, mortality rates, and viral shedding compared to untreated chicks. The study concluded that G. glabra extract could effectively mitigate the debilitating effects of Newcastle disease in chickens. For more information, readers can refer to the article "Mitigating Impact of Glycyrrhiza Glabra on Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus Challenge in Chickens: Clinical Studies, Histopathological Alterations, and Molecular Docking" published in Veterinary Research Communications. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia focused on evaluating the safety and immunogenicity of a new vaccine for Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) in mice. The research highlighted the importance of updating vaccine strategies to prevent CDV infection in domestic and wild animals due to the emergence of new CDV strains. The study found that the multiepitope CDV polypeptide vaccine showed promising results in inducing a humoral and cellular immune response in mice, suggesting its potential as a new immunization candidate for controlling CDV disease in dogs and wild animals. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the VIB Center for Inflammation Research in Ghent, Belgium, conducted a study on the effects of inhaled GM-CSF therapy during pneumovirus infections. The study found that while GM-CSF treatment increased certain immune responses, it did not alter the overall clinical outcome of the infection. The researchers concluded that inhaled GM-CSF therapy may not be a universal protective therapy for respiratory virus infections. The study was published in Frontiers in Immunology and more information can be found by contacting the authors at the VIB Center for Inflammation Research in Ghent, Belgium. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Texas Medical Branch highlights the significance of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections, which can cause lower respiratory tract infections and have a higher mortality rate among vulnerable groups such as infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. The study focuses on tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs), which are non-coding RNAs that play regulatory roles in diseases, including viral infections. The researchers found that tRFs, specifically tRF5-GluCTC, can promote RSV replication by partially targeting the mRNA of antiviral genes. Additionally, the study discovered that the protein PABPC1 is associated with tRF5-GluCTC and plays a role in virus assembly. This research suggests that tRFs may regulate viral infections through their bound proteins. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at MAHSA University in Selangor, Malaysia, explored the potential of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) as a treatment for leukemia. The researchers used scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques to study the effects of NDV strain AF2240 on a leukemia cell line. They found that NDV significantly altered cell morphology, reduced cell viability, and induced early apoptosis in the leukemia cells. These findings provide new insights into the mechanism of action of NDV virotherapy and could potentially lead to the development of more effective treatments for leukemia. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University in Peshawar, Pakistan, discusses the findings of a study on the Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants Virus (PPRV) in sheep and goats. The study aimed to evaluate positive cases, molecular characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and risk factors associated with the disease in selected districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The researchers collected 384 samples from three districts and found the highest number of positive cases in Peshawar. The study also identified certain risk factors, such as species, sex, and age, that were associated with a higher risk of infection. The PPRV strains in the study were found to belong to lineage IV, which is circulating in Asia, the Middle East, and African countries. The researchers emphasized the importance of addressing PPRV in Pakistan, particularly in areas with limited veterinary services. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Baghdad in Iraq explores the potential of combining oncolytic virotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a dual approach for breast cancer treatment. The researchers found that the integration of the attenuated NDV-AMHA1 strain with PDT had a synergistic killing effect on breast cancer cells in vitro. This suggests that this combination therapy could be a promising strategy to overcome breast cancer. Further research and clinical trials are needed to validate these findings. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Northeastern University for twin base linkers (TBLs) that can bind to and deactivate viruses by preventing their entry into cells. TBLs are biocompatible polymers that can self-assemble into rosette nanotubes (RNTs) with a hollow core that can accommodate drugs. The TBLs can be functionalized to specifically bind to surface proteins of viruses, limiting their entry into cells and preventing replication. This technology has potential applications in treating or preventing viral infections caused by a variety of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza, Ebola, HIV, adenovirus, rhinovirus, hepatitis B and C, and others. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Music State Hospital in Mus, Turkey, examined the incidence and clinical profile of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in infants with lower respiratory tract infections. The study found that RSV disproportionately affects infants and children and is a primary pathogen in this age group. Rapid testing methodologies were used to detect RSV infection among hospitalized pediatric patients, providing insights into its prevalence, epidemiological and clinical characteristics, and impact on mortality and morbidity. The study concluded that regular screening for RSV is essential for early diagnosis and targeted therapy, which may reduce morbidity, mortality, and economic impacts. Further research on RSV transmission is needed to enhance disease prevention measures and develop novel treatment options. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Yangzhou University in China has revealed new findings on cancer gene therapy using Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The study focused on the role of the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) machinery in regulating NDV replication in tumor cells. The researchers found that knockdown of certain ESCRT components, particularly HRS, significantly impaired NDV replication and viral budding in HeLa cells. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of NDV-based oncolytic therapies. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Firat University in Elazig, Turkey, discusses the findings of a study on Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants (PPR), a transboundary disease that affects small ruminants such as sheep and goats. The study aimed to identify the risk and space-time clusters of PPR in Turkey. The research used spatial analysis and geographic information systems (GIS) to investigate PPR outbreaks in Turkey from 2017 to 2019, identifying 337 outbreaks and 18,467 cases. The study found that PPR was more prevalent in sheep compared to goats and identified significant spatio-temporal and environmental factors contributing to the disease. The research findings can assist policymakers in disease prevention and control. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the University of Tiaret in Algeria investigated the epidemiology and pathomorphologic characteristics of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in western Algeria. PPR is a viral disease that poses a constant threat to small animals in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. The study involved an online survey and necropsies of affected animals, revealing significant gross lesions in organs such as the lungs, intestines, spleen, and lymph nodes. The findings contribute valuable knowledge for understanding and managing PPR outbreaks, and support the diagnosis based on clinical signs and disease history. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Nepal has found that leopards in the country are being affected by the Asia-5 lineage of the canine distemper virus (CDV). The virus, which is highly contagious and often fatal, has raised concerns about its transmission between domestic dogs and wild carnivores. The study used post-mortem samples from four leopards and found that the CDV strains in the leopards were genetically related to those found in dogs and other carnivores in Nepal and neighboring India. Urgent measures, including vaccination programs and controlling the dog population, are needed to protect Nepal's leopards and other wild carnivores from this disease. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Ankara University in Turkey investigated the effects of spray-dried plasma (SDP) on the growth performance, carcass traits, tibia quality, and hemagglutination inhibition titers in broiler chickens fed two different nutritional strategies. The study found that broilers fed diets with high nutrient density (HND) showed increased feed intake and body weight gain, as well as reduced feed conversion ratio. The inclusion of SDP in the diet also improved growth performance during the starter phase. Additionally, SDP supplementation improved carcass yield and tibial bone quality. The study suggests that including SDP in the starter diet could be a beneficial nutritional strategy for improving the health and production of broilers. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, evaluated the thermo-stability and genetic characteristics of a live-attenuated Newcastle disease (ND) virus vaccine. The vaccine was found to be pure, potent, and efficacious, and it was free from extraneous agents. However, the study recommends maintaining the cold chain for vaccine storage to ensure its potency and efficacy. The findings also propose a rapid PCR-based method to evaluate the purity of NDV live vaccines. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital in Jiangsu, China, discusses the need for more effective biomarkers for early-stage pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. The study used various analysis techniques to identify biomarkers and evaluate their diagnostic value. The researchers found that lymphocyte antigen 6E (LY6E) and Transcobalamin-2 (TCN2) are potential biomarkers for RSV infection and have antiviral properties. Additionally, the study identified small molecules that could potentially bind to TCN2 and exhibit antiviral properties. The research concludes that LY6E and TCN2 could be potential therapeutic targets for RSV infection. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report discusses research findings on Mycoplasma capricolum, a Gram-Negative Bacteria, in small ruminants. The study was conducted in Mauritania and aimed to determine the presence of pathogens such as Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants (PPR) virus and Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp) in goats and sheep with respiratory symptoms. The results showed that none of the samples were positive for Capripoxvirus or Pasteurella multocida, but nine samples tested positive for PPRV and eight samples tested positive for Mccp. The study provides valuable information for the management of goat diseases in Mauritania and neighboring countries. [Extracted from the article]

New research conducted by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Directorate of Poultry Research in Telangana, India, focuses on the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) and its impact on the poultry industry. The study analyzed the lung transcriptome data of two chicken breeds, Leghorn and Fayoumi, known for their differences in resistance to NDV. The researchers identified genes and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that play a role in the differential immune response between the two breeds. The study highlights the crucial role of lncRNAs in the immune response to NDV and suggests that further research is needed to understand the biological mechanisms behind the regulation of immune-related genes. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the University of the Punjab in Lahore, Pakistan, investigated the potential toxicity and safety concerns of transgenic maize seeds expressing immunogenic F and HN protein genes against Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The study involved feeding Sprague-Dawley rats with transgenic maize seeds for 90 days and assessing various parameters. The results showed no significant differences between the control and treatment groups in terms of overall appearance, feed consumption, body weight, organ weight, hematological parameters, serum chemistry, histopathology, and gross appearance of tissues. The study suggests that the consumption of transgenic maize seeds did not lead to any adverse effects or toxicological issues in rats. However, further research is needed to evaluate the safety and potential applications of transgenic edible vaccines in humans or other animals. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Utrecht University in the Netherlands examined the pathogenesis of canine distemper virus (CDV) in raccoons. CDV is a highly contagious virus that can infect multiple species of carnivores and omnivores, often resulting in severe and fatal disease. The study found that CDV overwhelms the immune system and spreads to various tissues, including the central nervous system, in raccoons. Despite this, raccoons were able to survive for up to 21 days post-inoculation with long-term shedding, indicating their role as host species for CDV. This research provides valuable insights into the potential for CDV spill-over events and the threat it poses to various species. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from the Department of Medicine (Neurology) in Maharashtra, India, focused on subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), a rare and progressive disorder that affects the nervous system. The disease primarily targets the cerebral cortex, subcortex, and optic nerves, and is caused by a mutated strain of the measles virus. While SSPE is commonly seen in unvaccinated children, cases of adult onset are rare and have a poor prognosis. The study presented an uncommon case of SSPE in a 26-year-old male, whose symptoms resembled severe post-viral syndrome before being diagnosed as SSPE. The disease is fatal and currently has no treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Wilhelmina Children's Hospital in Utrecht, Netherlands, discusses the burden, management, and emerging therapies for severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children. The research highlights that RSV lower respiratory tract infection is a significant global health issue, with millions of cases, hospitalizations, and deaths occurring annually in children under 5 years old. The report emphasizes the need for RSV prevention strategies, including vaccines, to reduce the disease burden. The researchers also call for further studies to address knowledge gaps related to RSV prevention and its impact on transmission dynamics and long-term effects. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by Kyushu University in Fukuoka, Japan, examined the severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in Japanese infants and children. The researchers analyzed data from insurance claims and identified 1025 cases of RSV infection. They found that hospitalization for RSV was associated with younger age, palivizumab-indicated underlying conditions, and non-indicated high-risk conditions. Surprisingly, most hospitalized patients did not receive palivizumab, despite being eligible for it. The study suggests that appropriate use of palivizumab could prevent some hospitalizations due to RSV. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Gauhati Medical College and Hospital in India focused on the molecular characterization of the mumps virus genotype C. The study aimed to examine the entire genome of the virus and compare it with reference strains to detect genetic variations. The researchers found variations in seven genes and established the Assam mumps virus as genotype C. This study provides important genomic data that contributes to the understanding of mumps virus genetic epidemiology and supports global research on vaccine effectiveness. [Extracted from the article]

Recent research conducted at the University of Manitoba in Canada has found that mumps outbreaks in vaccinated young adults may be due to the antigenic differences between the mumps virus (MuV) genotype A strain used in the vaccine and the circulating genotype G strain. The study examined the cross-reactivity between the two genotypes and found that vaccinated individuals had higher titers for the HN and F proteins of genotype A compared to genotype G. However, individuals who were infected with mumps showed lower titers for genotype A compared to genotype G. These findings suggest that antigenic variations between the two genotypes may result in immune escape of the circulating strain, making individuals susceptible to the MuV. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Islamic Azad University in Marvdasht, Iran, discusses the cloning and co-expression of two genes, hemagglutinin H9N2 influenza virus and fusion protein Newcastle virus, using the baculovirus expression system. The study aimed to produce recombinant proteins that could potentially be used as vaccine candidates against avian influenza (bird flu) and Newcastle disease, two significant poultry diseases. The researchers successfully cloned the genes into a plasmid and produced recombinant proteins in insect cells. This research provides a promising step towards the development of a dual influenza and Newcastle vaccine. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital in New Delhi, India, has shed light on subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), a life-threatening complication of measles. The study focused on a rare and aggressive form of SSPE that rapidly progresses to a vegetative state. The researchers found that genetically determined immune dysfunction may prevent the clearance of the measles virus, leading to the rapid progression of the disease. The study highlights the importance of clinicians being aware of this condition, as the diagnosis is often missed in immunized and previously healthy children. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences highlights the contagious nature of Newcastle disease, caused by the avian paramyxovirus 1 or Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The outbreak of NDV was first documented in Java, Indonesia in 1928. While there is currently no therapy for Newcastle disease, vaccination is a popular preventive measure. The study focuses on the antiviral activity of Laportea decumana, a native plant in Eastern Indonesia, against NDV. The research concludes that L. decumana extracts at concentrations of 100 mg/mL or less are safe and show potential antiviral activity against NDV. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Mongolian University of Life Sciences in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, focused on the genetic diversity of the Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) in unvaccinated dogs. The researchers isolated CDVs from three dogs that exhibited symptoms of canine distemper and subsequently died. Genome sequencing was performed using nanopore technology, revealing that the CDVs from the mixed-breed dogs belonged to the Asia-1 lineage prevalent in Asia, while the CDV from the Samoyed dog belonged to the Asia-4 lineage sporadically reported in some Asian countries. This research provides valuable information on the genetic diversity of CDV and can aid in the development of control measures for the disease. [Extracted from the article]