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Six major conference papers cover selected planning activities for eight institutions of higher education. Discussed are academic planning for the University of Houston; circulation, parking, and landscape planning for the University of California at Irvine; planning office organization and staffing at Harvard and Ohio State Universities; building project programing for the University of Chicago physical science building; computer applications at Duke University; and capital and operational budgeting for Macalester College and the University of California. (EA)

This bibliography is a compilation of case studies, dissertations, minutes of meetings and special project reports having to do with the increasing problem of college campus parking. (HS)

These technical papers by Association members cover a few of the many work functions of physical plants. The authors and their topics are: Thomas E. Shepard, "Opportunities for Controlling the Cost of Electric Power"; Walter W. Wade, "A Different Approach to Parking Structure Construction"; Ronald T. Flinn and Jesse M. Campbell, "Walk -- Through Steam Tunnels at Michigan State University"; Donald Whiston, "Searching for Answers to Refuse Handling"; Raymond Halbert, "Elevator Maintenance Cost Analysis"; R. S. Hollar, "Electrical Demand Study of Campus Buildings at Colorado State University"; Harry F. Ebert, "Physical Plant Organizations in Universities and Colleges"; and Guy Valade and G. M. Gauthier, "Survey of Building Management Centers of North American Universities." (Charts on p. 87, 150-153, and figure on p. 42 may reproduce poorly.) (Author)

This manual is the first of two to be developed by the Department of Transportation to assist in conducting the 1974 National Transportation Study. This second in the series of biennial studies has been designed to build upon the data base and organizational framework established for the 1972 National Transportation Study as well as to develop information and analysis for both the National Airport System Plan and the National Highway Needs Study. In addition, the study has been designed to address critical transportation issues regarding all modes of transportation. The purpose of the 1974 study is to report the state of the nation's transportation system both current and as projected in the future and to recommend programs and policies for improvement. This manual provides general information to State and local government participants regarding the study. Part A describes the information requests to be made of the States and Part B describes the work program requested of each State for completing the 1974 study. A subsequent study will contain more detailed information and coding forms. (Author/MF)

The patterns of time and transportation means adopted by the students and staff of the University of Alberta who commute from their residence to campus each week day are reviewed in an effort to assist in the University Long Range Development Plan. Emphasis is placed in the patterns in university commuting and the physical and behavioral aspects of commuting students and campus facilities. Major findings indicate: (1) the number of commuting students and commuting time and distance have increased disproportionately; faculty and staff have increased similarly; (2) there is a trend toward use of public transportation. The use of the automobile continues to be important; (3) the university has satisfied the vast majority of campus parkers with an increase in parking stalls of only 23.8% in the past five years; (4) the number of students holding part-time jobs and the number of students with families to care for has increased; and (5) the university is well used in the evenings, with 75% of the day-time population of students and staff returning to campus at least once per week in the evenings. Appendices of related material are included. Related documents are HE 004 493, HE 004 492, HE 004 494, and HE 004 526. (MJM)

Public outdoor recreational facilities and the needs of the physically handicapped are overviewed with guidelines to develop such facilities. Circulation and access provisions for wheel chairs and the semi-ambulatory are emphasized, including requirements for parking lots, pathways, resting areas and public bathrooms. Standard dimensions and layout of athletic equipment, ramps, and campsite planning are included along with a reference list. (TG)

The catalyst for this study was the imminent expansion of two major academic centers, the College of Education and the Department of Behavioral Sciences. Its primary purpose was established as the site planning and development phasing of these programmed facilities. Also the designated site was to obtain efficient and harmonious long-term utilization with the added considerations of vehicular and pedestrian access, off-street parking, and service and emergency vehicular access. A series of alternative building concepts explore the basic potentials of the site. (TC)

Guidelines for incorporating provisions for the physically handicapped into the design and construction of public facilities are reviewed. Performance criteria and recommendations are given for facility planning, site development, and building equipment. Hazards and safety precautions are discussed, with specifications for architectural elements such as toilets, utilities, ramps, stairs, parking, and storage areas. A reference list is included. (TG)

This second phase of the Duke University planning study, the development process, includes the refinement and focusing of the educational program and space requirements and the delineation of the comprehensive campus plan in depth. Photographs and diagrammatic plans supplement the discussions and descriptions of the campus development plan and the campus design. A developmental sequence for implementation of the plan is included. Projected enrollment, faculty, and parking requirements are tabulated in the appendix. (FS)

The references included were drawn from the documents received and processed to date by the ERIC Clearinghouse on Educational Facilities, and are organized into the following sections--(1) fine arts and communications arts facilities, (2) science facilities, (3) campus traffic facilities, and (4) miscellaneous special facilities. (FS)

Problems involved in providing homes for independent living for the physically handicapped, health impaired, or older adults are considered. Basic concepts of low rent housing preface a discussion of neighborhoods and site selection, access, ramps, pedestrian walks, parking, landscaping, and lighting. Guides for building design focus on entrances, corridors, stairs, elevators, incinerator chutes, laundry facilities, general storage, and mailboxes. Specifications are suggested for living units including the living room, kitchen, bedroom, bathroom, and storage area; the design of windows, doors, hallways, floors, lighting and heating units, and custodial quarters, and the provision of telephones, televisions, an emergency signal system, and hot water are also treated. Recommendations are made for the following community areas: lounge, recreation room, kitchen, craft area, library, health clinic, washrooms, public telephones, drinking fountains, vending machines, and other areas. A bibliography lists 41 references. (RJ)

Academic requirements and criteria are discussed, as well as physical planning response, incremental growth to a campus for 12,000 full time equivalent students, (FTE), environmental character, technical requirements, and the estimated capital costs for California State College at Bakersfield. Specific sections include--(1) site location, (2) site and its relation to the surroundings, (3) guiding principles of the master plan, (4) master plan objectives, (5) spatial organization, (6) space relationships, (7) space distribution, (8) diagrammatic plan, (9) access, circulation and parking, (10) incremental growth, (11) master plan: 12,000 FTE, (12) architectural character, opportunities and restraints, (13) master plan of landscaping, (14) master plan of site development, (15) development costs, and (16) building systems for campus structures. Appendix A contains an analysis of the traffic and parking requirements for the 12,000 FTE (8-5) campus. Appendix B presents a comparative analysis between load centers and central plant for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning. Appendix C describes a reconnaissance of building systems applicable to college development. (RK)

Guidelines on performance criteria for the State University of New York consider two main types of handicapped: the ambulant and semi-ambulant, including some physically handicapped, the visually and aurally handicapped, and persons with cardiac conditions; and persons confined to wheel chairs. The handicapped and planning for them are discussed. Specifications are detailed for the following aspects of exterior design: entrances, ramps, stairs, doors, walks, intersections, gratings and manholes, parking, and bus service. Interior design criteria cited are for general university facilities, restrooms, bedrooms, stairs, elevators, doors, conveniences, and fire protection. Persons involved in or contributing to the study are named, and 19 references are listed. (JD)

Specialized information is presented for those involved in assuring improvement in the outdoor physical education facilities of the future. The materials included are intended to be useful to architects, engineers and designers generally; program specialists, administrators and consultants in education; and students preparing for professional careers in physical education. Specific chapters discuss the following topics--(1) comprehensive planning, (2) planning objectives, (3) site selection, (4) common problems of space utilization, (5) the orientation of outdoor physical education facilities, (6) physical education play surfaces, (7) sports lighting, and (8) service facilities. (RK)

Using Drexel Institute of Philadelphia as a case study, Educational Facilities Laboratories investigated six areas of inquiry facing an urban university contemplating expansion--(1) economics of high-rise building, (2) economics of constructing low building units which can be vertically expanded at a later date, (3) conversion of industrial buildings to educational use, (4) the parking problem, (5) arrangement and use of space to achieve high utilization, and (6) determination of future space requirements. The findings were--(1) the relationship between the cost of the land and the cost of vertical transportation in the primary consideration of the practicality of high rise, $9.50 per square foot being the equivalent figure, (2) constructing a low building to provide for future vertical expansion is practical except where prohibitive soil conditions exist, (3) economics of time and money are achieved in conversion of an industrial building to academic use if the location is good, (4) a multiple-story open air parking garage is economically feasible when land is more expensive than $5.00 per square foot, (5) compactness is the key to high facility utilization, and (6) a master plan is needed to predict future enrollment and its ensuing effect upon classroom laboratory and office space. This document previously announced as ED 014 868. (JP)

The problems and future requirements related to transportation on the Purdue University, Lafayette campus, are examined. After identifying a central academic zone, future requirements are estimated related to the pedestrian circulation system, pedestrian-vehicle conflicts, parking facilities, and mass transportation systems in the zone. A number of alternate plans are developed to meet the future needs of circulation within the academic zone as well as those of commuters. Recommendations are also made as to which plan ought to be implemented. A bibliography is included. (FS)

All across the country, landscaping and site development are coming to the fore as essential and integral parts of university planning and development. This reprint concentrates on the function of landscape architecture, and briefly examines some of the major responsibilities of the landscape architect in planning a campus. Included are--(1) circulation and parking, (2) transportation, (3) drainage, (4) topsoil, (5) vistas and views, (6) circulation of outdoor spatial form, and (7) maintenance area design. Landscaping details for several major campuses are examined for their functional and aesthetic solution to the improvement of the campus environment. (RH)

Elements of modified school design for the physically disabled are considered, including mobility, classrooms, science laboratories, applied skill areas, the library, the swimming pool, and sanitary facilities. Also discussed are the cafeteria (food service, seating, and other considerations), recreational areas (play grounds, gymnasium-auditorium, and auditorium), closets and storage areas (clothing storage, lockers, and supplies and equipment storage), and parking areas (parking lots and loading areas). (JD)

A computer program has been developed that will accept as inputs the physical description of a portion of land, and the parking design standards to be followed. The program will then give as outputs the numerical and graphical descriptions of the maximum-density parking lot for that portion of land. The problem has been treated as a standard optimization one in which the number of parking stalls are to be maximized subject to the constraint that a statistically representative vehicle could easily maneuver in the lot. Dynamic programing was used to obtain the optimum solution. (Author)

As a service to architects and educators concerned with the analysis or programing of educational facilities, 58 articles, books, monographes, and related items published between 1958 and 1970 are listed with accompanying key terms taken from the Thesaurus of ERIC Descriptors. The reference or source of each item is given, including procurement information for 15 documents available through the ERIC system. A list of 22 additional items, with source information but without key terms, is appended. Major emphases of the documents listed include facilities for all educational levels from elementary through college and vocational schools, computer applications to facilities planning, use of the critical path method for construction control, and the distinctive features of following a systems approach in the programing of facilities construction. (JK)

Results are summarized from data gathered from sample institutions of higher education, concerning the policies on alcoholic beverages served in student unions, as well as sleeping, dining and parking facilities. (FS)

Specific information, identification, and direction to and within the campus as factors determining a campus sign system are discussed in terms of--(1) needs requiring an identification sign system, (2) recommendations for initiating a comprehensive sign system for the university, and (3) application procedures as they relate to streets, walkways, and buildings and places. Sign categories include direction, identification information, and traffic control. The general concept of the sign system is composed of symbol, color, and frame; examples are given for different areas and functions. Structural details, information types, and locations are given for both vehicular and pedestrian types, and locations are given for both vehicular and pedestrian traffic. Supporting graphic material includes suggested symbols, colors, sign configurations, and construction details. (MM)

The latest information for designing full-depth asphalt pavements for parking lots and driveways is covered in relationship to the continued increase in vehicle registration. It is based on The Asphalt Institute's Thickness Design Manual, Series No. 1 (MS-1), Seventh Edition, which covers all aspects of asphalt pavement thickness design in detail, utilizing the latest, computer-derived information from pavement tests here and abroad. The pavement cross-sections given are for typical conditions. Tables, drawings, and photographs are included. (RK)

The goals of this study are to--(1) analyze the educational program and determine the adequacy of the present physical plant to accommodate that program, (2) identify the basic disparities between program and plant, and point out the physical plant inadequacies, (3) develop several alternative solutions for resolving these disparities, and (4) delineate and explain the implications of four basic alternative concepts for future development of the physical plant. The basic deficiency of the present physical plant was its location on two separate sites about 1 mile apart. Plans based on these concepts resulted in four basic alternatives for integrating and developing the section between the two campuses. The four alternatives are evaluated in light of the educational program, cost, and design. The plan recommended is a blend of two of the basic alternatives. Specific decision point considerations were related to land use, landscaping, preservation of natural surroundings, parking, traffic circulation, and building proximity. (HH)

A study dealing with the means of transportation required and used by students, faculty, staff, and other employees of the University of Pennsylvania in their travel to and from campus. Areas of destination and modes of travel are discussed. The major emphasis is on the use of the automobile and the parking demand that is thus created. Current parking demands are analyzed in terms of requirements by faculty, employees, students, and visitors. The relationship between parking supply and demand is discussed. Projected parking needs through 1970 are studied with an estimate of the capital costs involved. Appendices include a sample traffic survey form, plus maps, and a list of transportation policy considerations. (NI)

Layout, control, and sign posting in the design of parking facilities is discussed emphasizing self parking and automated control. Considerations such as site, traffic, function of the facility, city codes, and sizes are related to design considerations. Traffic control factors are related to the direction and placement of cars and the collection of fees. The importance of lighting parameters in the design of traffic control signs is emphasized. The author concludes that design criteria for parking facilities are open to improvement. The appendix includes layouts of parking facilities. (JP)

This description of the DeKalb Area Technical School near Clarkston, Georgia, serves as a guide on methods of developing curriculums and facilities for such schools. The classrooms, laboratories, and shops are described with photographic illustrations of the course offerings to daytime and nighttime students. The necessity to tailor vocational course offerings and facilities to the employment needs of local industry is pointed out as well as the need for flexible facilities to anticipate the rapidly changing employment needs of a technologically dynamic society. The Milwaukee, Wisconsin Vocational-Technical and Adult School enrolling 38,000 students per annum is also described as offering--(1) a continuation school for dropouts, (2) adult high school, (3) apprentice school, (4) Institute of Technology awarding associate of arts degrees, and (5) the adult school enrolling the largest percentage of students. The author stresses flexible, multi-purpose facilities with extensive use of audiovisual aids and TV instructional facilities. Particular mention is made of parking, food service and handicapped student facilities designed with the adult, employed student population in mind. (RLP)

A physical handicap is defined as an impairment which affects an individual to the extent that special facilities are needed to provide for his safety. Facilities include--(1) the special design of parking lots, building approaches and entrances, (2) stairs, ramps, doors, and multilevel floors, (3) corridors, and (4) rooms with sloping floors, fixed seats, or both. Other safety areas include special consideration of sanitary facilities, drinking fountains, telephones, location of switches, room identification, and installment of elevators. (LD)

Maintenance methods that can be used equally well in all regions of the country have been developed for the use of asphalt in pavement maintenance. Specific information covering methods, equipment and terminology that applies to the use of asphalt in the maintenance of all types of pavement structures, including shoulders, is provided. In many instances reference is made to other publications of the Asphalt Institute available from any Asphalt Institute office. The addresses of these offices are given on the last pages of this manual. Photographs and drawings are included. (RK)

CENTRAL CHRISTIAN COLLEGE IN BARTLESVILLE, OKLAHOMA ESTABLISHED A FLEXIBLE MASTER PLAN FOR ITS CAMPUS BY USING A ZONED APPROACH SO THAT THE EXACT LOCATION AND SIZE OF BUILDINGS NEED NOT BE ANTICIPATED. THE 200 ACRE SITE WAS DIVIDED INTO THREE ZONES--(1) MAIN CAMPUS, INCLUDING OFFICES, CLASSROOMS, AND DORMITORIES, (2) FACULTY AND MARRIED STUDENTS HOUSING, INCLUDING A PRECOLLEGIATE SCHOOL AND CHURCH, AND (3) PLAYING FIELDS. THE CAMPUS IS ZONED IN STRIPS, ALLOWING EXPANSION IN TWO DIRECTIONS. PARKING LOTS ACT AS BUFFERS AND CAN BE EXPANDED AS ENROLLMENT INCREASES. THE INITIAL ENROLLMENT OF THE COLLEGE WAS 500 STUDENTS. THE ZONING PLAN PERMITS AN ENROLLMENT AS HIGH AS 5,000 STUDENTS. THE REPORT CONCLUDES THAT THE ZONED APPROACH PROVIDES A BROAD FRAMEWORK WITHIN WHICH A COLLEGE CAN GROW AND EXPAND, INTERFERING NEITHER WITH EXISTING BUILDINGS NOR WITH AREAS RESERVED FOR SPECIFIC NEEDS. THE CONCEPT OF ZONING IS JUSTIFIED BY THE AUTHORS AS PROVIDING SITES FOR BUILDINGS WHICH WILL HAVE THE PROPER ATMOSPHERE AND RELATIONSHIP TO EACH OTHER. THIS REPORT ALSO APPEARED IN "AMERICAN SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY", 1958-59. (JP)