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Introduction The Family and Child Health Initiative (FCrfl) was recently created to carry out research, education, innovation, and programming development in the Region of Peel Ontario to improve the health [...], Background and Objectives: As hospital-based pediatric clinicians and researchers, we conducted engagement with representatives from public, private, and nonprofit organizations in the Peel Region of Ontario. Objectives were to build relationships and inform research, education, innovation, and programming to improve the health of local children, youth, and families (CYF). Method: Relevant public, private, and nonprofit organizations were identified through an extensive environmental scan. Semistructured interviews and focus groups were conducted with front-line, managerial, and executive representatives. Analysis consisted of thematic analysis and quantitative content analysis. All participants were invited to a 1-day community networking event to discuss the engagement findings and brainstorm next steps. Results: Final sample was n = 155 individuals from n = 61 organizations. The community networking event included n = 45 participants from n = 41 organizations. Participants identified the top three health issues facing families as: (a) mental health and wellbeing (63%); (b) socioeconomic insecurity (52%); (c) lack of physical activity (43%). Major themes included: holistic health and wellness; equity and sociocultural dimensions of health; cross-sector/organizational collaboration and integration; need for inclusive, action-oriented, and participatory approaches. Conclusions: Insights from these engagement activities led to the development of a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to CYF health in Peel. In this article we posit CBPR and a population health approach can come together in research and care to prioritize equity, collaboration, and active participation in a community-wide approach to CYF health. Keywords: community-based participatory research, child health, youth health, family health, population health community engagement

Presenters Anna Templeton, DNP, Molly Krancari, MA, MPH, Tiffany Prescott, Erika Cottrell, PhD, [...], Background: Researchers and funders recognize value in engaged, multistakeholder research to successfully recruit diverse, representative patient participants. In the US, community health centers (CHCs) serve people regardless of their ability to pay, in populations with greater health inequities. As a CHC-focused practice-based research network, OCHIN has engagement infrastructure to promote inclusive participation among underrepresented communities. We describe infrastructure use, adaptation, and capacity building for in-depth qualitative patient interview recruitment in CHCs. Methods: In partnership with the Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute and Health Experiences Research Network, OCHIN applied an established, robust methodology to understand people's lived experiences of specific health conditions. Condition topics include 30-50 interviews synthesized and disseminated via publicly available web modules developed with module-specific stakeholder advisory boards; raw data are archived for future use. OCHIN partnered on 3 modules to lead CHC clinic-based and digital community recruitment. Results: Our first module on childhood cancer had low clinic recruitment return as a condition managed outside CHCs and difficult to identify for outreach. Digital recruitment return was high, especially when partnered with a community network. We scaled our community-partnered digital recruitment approach for an adolescent and young adult cancer module while taking an intensive clinic-based approach for a module on medications for opioid use disorder. Both approaches necessitated tailoring: enhanced relationship building, community champions, tool development, technical support, and problem-solving. We successfully completed interviews with 75 people comprising a wide range of identities, social and demographic characteristics, healthcare coverage, condition experiences, and treatment trajectories. Module advisory boards included OCHIN patient participants and CHC service providers. Communicating our approach and developing shared understanding and expectations with our research partners was essential in maintaining the time, resources, and relationships needed for effective engagement and recruitment. Conclusion: Adaptive, sufficiently resourced, relational engagement approaches built on existing infrastructure facilitated inclusion of people who could share a wider variety of stories for more representative, inclusive health experience modules.

Selecting participants is a key component in the design, operation, and outcomes of public-deliberation events to reflect the diversity of opinion in the larger public. This article examines how the City of Edmonton selected the members of its Citizen Panel on budget priorities in 2009 to inform Edmonton's 2010-2011 budget. The organizers relied on random selection stratified by gender, age, length of residence in the city, educational attainment, and income. This article also reports on the findings from pre-event and post-event public-opinion surveys sent to 5,000 citizens. It argues that the selection method for the Citizen Panel was justified because there were distinct views on key issues among different groups of citizens. Le choix des participants est un element cle dans la conception, l'exploitation et les resultats des activites de deliberations publiques afin de refleter la diversite d'opinions dans le grand public. Cet article etudie comment la ville d'Edmonton a choisi les membres de son Groupe de citoyens sur les priorites budgetaires en 2009 pour transmettre des informations sur le budget 2010-2011 d'Edmonton. La ville s'est appuyee sur un choix arbitraire stratifie par sexe, age, duree de residence dans la ville, niveau d'etudes et de revenus. L'article fait egalement un compte rendu des resultats de sondages d'opinion publique preevenement et post- evenement envoyes a 5 000 citoyens. Il soutient que la methode de choix pour le Groupe de citoyens etait justifiee du fait qu'il y avait des points de vue distincts sur des questions cles parmi differents groupes de citoyens., Introduction This article discusses participant selection as a design decision for public-deliberation events, using the example of the Citizen Panel pilot project held in Edmonton, Alberta, in 2009. The Citizen [...]

New unified discovery tools are designed to help students easily identify and retrieve library content. Students want quick and easy discovery of quality sources in a 'Google-like' environment. Librarians have [...]

Justifiably concerned about power dynamics between researchers and participants in participatory research, much of the literature proposes guidelines for including participant voices at every step of the research process. We find these guidelines insufficient for dealing with constraints set up by the social organizational structures in which researchers and participants find themselves. We argue that the process of building relationships between scientists and farmers is unavoidably imperfect, but nonetheless necessary and rewarding. We contend that the potential problems of participatory research originate more from the social organizational structures in which it takes place than in failure to follow particular rules. By acknowledging these structures and the resultant interests of participant and researcher we can make room for the messy reality of negotiating participatory relationships. We suggest that transformative engagement can be born of what we term the 'maculate conceptions' of dialogic process and the building of mutual trust. DOI: 10.1111/j.1549-0831.2010.00030.x

A less deterministic perspective towards social control and co-option by external factors is proposed based on a case study of participatory community development in Southern Thailand. The need to focus on how community members control participatory process is called for. Insights into the manner power is established in local participatory spaces are also presented.

Health disparities in the United States exist by race and ethnicity, gender, age, disability status, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status (SES), and geography and can occur in screening, incidence, mortality, survivorship, [...], Although much attention has been paid to health disparities in the past decades, interventions to ameliorate disparities have been largely unsuccessful. One reason is that the interventions have not been culturally tailored to the disparity populations whose problems they are meant to address. Community-engaged research has been successful in improving the outcomes of racial and ethnic minority groups and thus has great potential for decreasing between-group health disparities. In this article, the authors argue that a type of community-engaged research, community-based participatory research (CBPR.),is particularly useful for social workers doing health disparities research because of its flexibility and degree of community engagement. After providing an overview of community research, the authors define the parameters of CBPR, using their own work in African American and white disparities in breast cancer mortality as an example of its application. Next, they outline the inherent challenges of CBPR to academic and community partnerships. The authors end with suggestions for developing and maintaining successful community and academic partnerships. KEY WORDS: cancer; community; engagement; health disparities; research

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) provides a methodology for engaging descendent and local communities as partners in archaeological research. This article, based on a five-year comparative research project that examines CBPR's application to archaeology, demonstrates a collaborative model that involves reciprocity, is action based and aims to build community capacity while engaging communities in the process of archaeological research and heritage management. Included are details of what community-based participatory research is, the main principles involved in its practice and a demonstration of how it is being effectively applied 'on-the-ground' at Catalhoyuk, Turkey. Two components of the Catalhoyuk CBPR project are highlighted: the community internship program and the archaeological community theatre project. Keywords Sustainable archaeological practice; relevance; benefits; access. DOI: 10.1080/00438243.2010.497394

The innovative educational communication interventions described in this paper include the use of bi-lingual, low literacy level websites and training created by low income Latina women to increase access to health care, health information, and the internet. We focus on one grassroots intervention, aimed at increasing access to health care for under and uninsured Latino/a. We also outline a proposal for an academic-community intervention to increase mental health service utilization of young Latino/a children to indicate future possibilities of such collaborations. We describe the rationale, conceptual framework, theoretical underpinnings, design and implementation, evaluation and institutionalization of this strategy, as well as its challenges and lessons learned. Keywords: Community-based Participatory Research; Digital Divide; Health Care Access; Health Information Seeking; Hispanic Latino/a DOI: 10.1080/03634521003628297

We Indigenous scholars can exercise more proactive leadership by practicing critical introspection and building strength and capacity from within our communities. By critical introspection I mean a regular, rigorous, reflective [...]

BETWEEN 2000 AND 2004, THREE LATINA YOUTH AND I SPENT CLOSE TO POUR YEARS collecting data and using our findings to coauthor a children's picture book about a transnational Latino [...]

Is the thrust of this committee to go out and inform and educate people about the benefits of small schools? Or is it to mobilize and organize the community and [...]

Introduction THIS ARTICLE IS BASED ON REFLECTIONS FROM A TRANSNATIONAL PARTICIPATORY ACTION research (PAR) project between 2001 and 2004 in Nepal and the United States. The study, which was conducted [...]

In this article, the authors describe how they worked with children and young people to develop art-based techniques and activities for use in a study exploring family communication about genetic [...]

This article explores dilemmas of critical, participatory research with young people, illustrating examples from research in the UK and the US and highlighting issues of access, participation, dissemination and the misuse of findings. The authors stress the need for new field strategies including more participatory approaches and attention to transgression of power through research. KEY WORDS critical social inquiry / participatory research / power / sexuality / youth

Byline: Gina Crivello (1), Laura Camfield (1), Martin Woodhead (2) Keywords: Children; Youth; Wellbeing; Qualitative methods; Participatory approach; Young lives Abstract: 'Wellbeing' is a key concept in the study of children's lives over time, given its potential to link the objective, subjective, and inter-subjective dimensions of their experiences in ways that are holistic, contextualized and longitudinal. For this reason wellbeing is one of the core concepts used by Young Lives, a 15-year project (2000--2015) that follows the lives of 12,000 children growing up in the context of poverty in Ethiopia, Peru, Vietnam and Andhra Pradesh (India) (see http://www.younglives.org.uk ). This paper examines a selection of methods being used by Young Lives to capture aspects of child wellbeing in the context of a range of children's life experiences related to poverty, specific risks and protective processes. It draws on a review of the literature on child-focused methods and on recent experiences piloting three core qualitative methods in the four study countries. The paper reports the development of a methodology that is child-centred, but also acknowledges that every child is embedded within a network of social and economic relationships. Author Affiliation: (1) Young Lives, Department of International Development, University of Oxford, Queen Elizabeth House, 3 Mansfield Road, OX1 3TB, Oxford, UK (2) Child and Youth Studies Group, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK Article History: Registration Date: 13/08/2008 Accepted Date: 13/08/2008 Online Date: 16/09/2008

We evaluated a participatory ergonomic intervention process applied in 59 municipal kitchens. In groups of three to five kitchens, the workers participated in eight workshops, and generated and evaluated solutions to optimize musculoskeletal load in their work. An ergonomist initiated and supported the process. By the end, 402 changes were implemented. Evaluative data were collected using research diaries, questionnaires, and focus group interviews. The intervention model proved feasible and the participatory approach was mostly experienced as motivating. The workers' knowledge and awareness of ergonomics increased, which improved their ability to tackle ergonomic problems by themselves. The changes in ergonomics were perceived to decrease physical load and improve musculoskeletal health. As hindering factors for implementation, lack of time and motivation, and insufficient financial resources were mentioned. In addition, the workers expressed a wish for more support from the management, technical staff, and ergonomists. Keywords: Participatory approach; Intervention process; Musculoskeletal load

A community-based approach to gathering market information that employs reasonably well-educated but previously unemployed people in South Africa is described. This method creates employment opportunities to jobless people and provides a cost-effective alternative to importing and utilizing developed-world researchers to do surveys in developing markets.

DEMONSTRATING PERSISTENCE and resilience, increasing numbers of Aboriginal and Tortes Strait Islander early childhood teachers are gaining university qualifications. This paper explores factors that support and constrain these students on the path to their degrees. Investigated through a cycle of interviews and focus groups, otherwise perceived as taking time to chat and yarn, the data speaks through Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander voices. Graduates from a cohort-specific three-year degree program, and several of their colleagues from an earlier program, share their reflections. The importance of family, community and infrastructure support is apparent, as well as recognition of complexities of 'both ways' learning (Hughes, Fleet & Nicholls, 2003) and cultural boundary crossing (Giroux, 2005). Highlighting salient factors is critical in efforts to create and maintain conditions in which Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders can gain university qualifications and extend their professional contributions., Research methodology: Framing the narrative THIS ARTICLE REPORTS ON research into factors that support and constrain Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in gaining university degrees as early childhood teachers. The [...]

The process used to locate and recruit participants in a qualitative study is important for controlling bias and for efficiently obtaining a representative sample. In complex societies without clearly bounded groups from which to sample, participant recruitment requires especially careful consideration. Yet few qualitative researchers discuss their recruitment methods. This paper describes a site-based procedure for locating, selecting, and recruiting participants for qualitative research for community-based research in contemporary societies. An example of this procedure applied in a study of nutrition and health among older adults of two rural counties in North Carolina is presented. Additional uses for this procedure are discussed. Key words: participant recruitment, sampling, research methods

This article outlines key features of participatory appraisal methods and reports on a reconnaissance of their application to Alaska village sanitation issues. Characteristics of participatory research applicable to research on village sanitation project planning include collaborative versus extractive information gathering, emphasis on strong initial contacts that promote mutual learning and respect between villagers and outsiders, and flexibility in choice of methodology. The findings of this study suggest that participatory research approaches can yield useful information about and for communities, and can help develop related research questions on, for example, the history of human organization and cultural traditions that can contribute to designing sanitation projects. This information can be obtained through a mutually acceptable research design, which is significant in light of the moratorium on outside-initiated research sought by leading Native groups. Facilitating community capacity to generate such information would be a directly useful application of a participatory appraisal research approach. Key words: native, participatory rural appraisal, sanitation; Alaska

Beginning in the 1970s there has been a shift in cultural anthropological methodology from participant observation toward the observation of participation. During participant observation ethnographers attempt to be both emotionally engaged participants and cooly dispassionate observers of the lives of others. In the observation of participation, ethnographers both experience and observe their own and others' coparticipation within the ethnographic encounter. The shift from the one methodology to the other entails a representational transformation in which, instead of a choice between writing an ethnographic memoir centering on the Self or a standard monograph centering on the Other, both the Self and Other are presented together within a single narrative ethnography, focused on the character and process of the ethnographic dialogue.

This experiment compared the deception detection skills of conversational participants and observers. Participants were expected to have a more pronounced truth-bias than observers. They were also predicted to be less accurate detecting deception than observers because of the cognitive and communication requirements of conversational management. Each of fifty observers viewed two videotaped interactions between an interviewer (i.e., conversational participant) and two interviewers (i.e., sources) who either told the truth or deceived. Conversational participants attributed more truth to sources than did observers and they were less accurate detectors than observers. When not told about the deception manipulation, observers relied on more accurate behavioral cues than participants. When informed about deception, participants relied on inaccurate facial cues, whereas observers relied on inaccurate vocal cues to judge deceit.

Beth Brant (1994), an Indigenous writer from the Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory in Ontario, supplies both title and inspiration for my exploration of writing as witness in the public records of […]

Community-based participatory research was used to determine and address the mental health needs of American Indian children and their families. The work of J. Walkup and his colleagues was also successful due to the dearth of research on the mental health of American Indians.