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2. Energetics of mixing for the filling box and the emptying-filling box

Author

Wykes, Megan S. Davies, Hogg, Charlie, Partridge, Jamie, and Hughes, Graham O.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

The mixing efficiency of a plume in a filling box and an emptying-filling box is calculated for both transient and steady states. The mixing efficiency of a plume in a filling box in an asymptotic steady state is 1/2, independent of the details of this state or how the plume is modelled. The mixing efficiency of a plume in an emptying-filling box in steady state is 1 - xi, where xi = h/H, the depth of the ambient layer h non-dimensionalised by the height of the box H. A deeper mixed layer therefore corresponds to a higher mixing efficiency.

Published
2018

4. Nonlinear waves in stratified Taylor--Couette flow. Part 1. Layer formation

Author

Leclercq, Colin, Partridge, Jamie L., Augier, Pierre, Caulfield, Colm-Cille P., Dalziel, Stuart B., and Linden, Paul F.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

This paper is the first part of a two-fold study of mixing, i.e. the formation of layers and upwelling of buoyancy, in axially stratified Taylor--Couette flow, with fixed outer cylinder. Using linear analysis and direct numerical simulation, we show the critical role played by non-axisymmetric instability modes, despite the fact that the flow is centrifugally unstable in the sense of Rayleigh's criterion. Interactions between helical modes of opposite handedness leads to the formation of nonlinear coherent structures: (mixed)-ribbons and (mixed)-cross-spirals. These give birth to complex density interface patterns, seemingly appearing and disappearing periodically as the coherent structure slowly rotates around the annulus. These coherent structures seem to be responsible for the formation of layers reported in a recent experiment by Oglethorpe et al. (2013). We distinguish `dynamic layering', instantaneous, localized and caused by the vortical motions, from `static layering' corresponding to the formation of a `staircase profile' in the adiabatically sorted background density. The latter only occurs at large enough Schmidt number, revealing the significant impact of the Schmidt number in the layering process.

Published
2016

5. Nonlinear waves in stratified Taylor--Couette flow. Part 2. Buoyancy flux

Author

Leclercq, Colin, Partridge, Jamie L., Caulfield, Colm-Cille P., Dalziel, Stuart B., and Linden, Paul F.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

This paper is the second part of a two-fold study of mixing, i.e. the formation of layers and upwelling of buoyancy, in axially stratified Taylor--Couette flow, with fixed outer cylinder. In a first paper, we showed that the dynamics of the flow was dominated by coherent structures made of a superposition of nonlinear waves. (Mixed)-ribbons and (mixed)-cross-spirals are generated by interactions between a pair of linearly unstable helical modes of opposite `handedness', and appear to be responsible for the formation of well-mixed layers and sharp density interfaces. In this paper, we show that these structures are also fully accountable for the upwards buoyancy flux in the simulations. The mechanism by which this occurs is a positive coupling between the density and vertical velocity components of the most energetic waves. This coupling is primarily caused by diffusion of density at low Schmidt number Sc, but can also be a nonlinear effect at larger Sc. Turbulence was found to contribute negatively to the buoyancy flux at Sc=1,10,16, which lead to the conclusion that mass upwelling is a consequence of chaotic advection, even at large Reynolds number. Artificially isolating the coherent structure therefore leads to excellent estimates of the flux Richardson numbers Ri_f from the DNS. We also used the theoretical framework of Winters et al. (1995) to analyse the energetics of mixing in an open control volume, shedding light on the influence of end effects in the potential energy budget. The potential connection with the buoyancy flux measurements made in the recent experiment of Oglethorpe et al. (2013) is also discussed.

Published
2016

16. Unmet needs and opportunities for optimal management of patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease

Author

Pantalone, Kevin M., primary, Ji, Xinge, additional, Kong, Sheldon X., additional, Elliott, Jay C., additional, Milinovich, Alex, additional, Misra-Hebert, Anita D., additional, Farej, Ryan, additional, Singh, Rakesh, additional, Bauman, Janine M., additional, Zimmerman, Robert S., additional, Vachharajani, Tushar J., additional, Partridge, Jamie, additional, Cameron, Jennifer, additional, Williamson, Todd, additional, and Kattan, Michael W., additional

Published
2023
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17. Metabolic Acidosis in Preterm Infants is Associated with a Longer Length of Stay in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Author

Paul, Marika, Partridge, Jamie, Barrett-Reis, Bridget, Ahmad, Kaashif A., Machiraju, Pattabhi, Jayapalan, Hemalatha, and Schanler, Richard J.

Abstract

Introduction: Preterm births account for disproportionately high healthcare costs, in large part due to expenses related to length of stay in the hospital neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). It is common for preterm infants to receive human milk fortifier (HMF) while in the NICU. Liquid HMF is available in both acidified and non-acidified formulations. A recent randomized clinical trial found that acidified HMF is associated with an increased incidence of metabolic acidosis, which may contribute to increased costs and longer NICU length of stay. Objective: The present study is a secondary analysis of these data, seeking to determine whether additional factors contribute to metabolic acidosis, whether metabolic acidosis is associated with longer hospital length of stay, and whether these associations contribute to the burden of hospital costs. Methods: The study sample consisted of 152 infants who were hospitalized in US NICUs. Multiple logistic regression was used to model the NICU length of stay. Data from the 2012 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID) were used to calculate the average cost (charge) per day in a NICU. Costs (charges) were adjusted to $US, year 2018 values, using the health Consumer Price Index. Result: Results indicated that acidified HMF was a strong predictor of metabolic acidosis, more so than gestational age or birth weight. Furthermore, metabolic acidosis was associated with incremental NICU costs (charges) of $US19,002 ($US65,462) per infant and longer NICU LOS. Conclusion: Future studies should further investigate factors that contribute to NICU length of stay and associated costs of care. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02307760.

Published
2024
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23. School Social Work Outcomes: Perspectives of School Social Workers and School Administrators

Author

Bye, Lynn, Shepard, Melanie, Partridge, Jamie, and Alvarez, Michelle

Abstract

In an era of fiscal constraint and increased accountability, consistent perceptions of the expectations, means of funding, and reporting of outcomes between administrators and school social workers is vital. School social workers and school administrators in four school districts in Minnesota were surveyed regarding outcomes expected as a result of school social work services as well as the sources of funding for these services. Both administrators and school social workers reported that increasing school attendance and decreasing discipline problems were the most important outcomes. Data on rate of discipline problems and attendance were most commonly used by school social workers to demonstrate the effectiveness of their services. Almost one-third of the school social workers surveyed reported that they did not present these data to others.

Published
2009

34. Three-dimensional, time-resolved velocity and density measurements of the stratified shear flow in an inclined duct

Author

Lefauve, Adrien, Partridge, Jamie, Dalziel, Stuart, and Linden, Paul

Abstract

Laboratory experiments on the stratified shear flow in an inclined duct are reported. Stratified turbulence is observed in this two-layer exchange flow, whose dissipation is controlled by the duct inclination and compares in intensity with that observed in geo- physical contexts. A setup enabling three-dimensional (3D) simultaneous Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) is presented, and applied to the visualisation of Holmboe waves. Such capabilities are believed to be key to advance our understanding of the dynamics and mixing of stratified turbulence in the near future.

Published
2020
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35. CCBY-NC-with-BY-option-fillable-PDF_Signed – Supplemental material for Community-Dwelling Adults at Nutrition Risk: Characteristics in Relation to the Consumption of Oral Nutritional Supplements

Author

Sulo, Suela, Schiffer, Linda, Sheean, Patricia, Farrar, Isabel, Partridge, Jamie, and Fitzgibbon, Marian

Subjects
111708 Health and Community Services, 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified, FOS: Health sciences
Abstract

Supplemental material, CCBY-NC-with-BY-option-fillable-PDF_Signed for Community-Dwelling Adults at Nutrition Risk: Characteristics in Relation to the Consumption of Oral Nutritional Supplements by Suela Sulo, Linda Schiffer, Patricia Sheean, Isabel Farrar, Jamie Partridge and Marian Fitzgibbon in Journal of Primary Care & Community Health

Published
2020
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44. Are teen unemployment rates influenced by state minimum wage laws?

Author

Partridge, Mark D. and Partridge, Jamie S.

Subjects
Teenagers -- Employment, Unemployment -- Analysis, Wages -- Minimum wage, Labor market -- Analysis, Business, Business, general
Abstract

The effects of increasing the minimum wage on the rates of unemployment among teenagers were analyzed to determine whether unemployment rate was affected by the interaction of labor supply and labor demand in each state. The empirical data was gathered from 48 states between 1984 and 1989 which also focused on teen unemployment rates rather than teen employment. It was discovered that teen unemployment rates were positively associated with minimum wage rates and increased minimum wage coverage suggesting that altering the wage coverage increased teen unemployment.

Published
1998

45. State patterns in family income inequality

Author

Partridge, Jamie S., Partridge, Mark D., and Rickman, Dan S.

Subjects
Family -- Finance -- Social aspects, Income distribution -- Social aspects, Business, Economics, Company financing, Finance, Social aspects
Abstract

It is well known that U.S. income inequality began to increase in the 1970s and increased sharply in the 1980s. Yet, what is less well known is that this upward trend was not uniform across states. Some states experienced almost no increase in family income inequality, while other states experienced dramatic increases. We use the variation in state trends to examine factors that may underlie shifts in U.S. income inequality. Among numerous factors, we include variables that allow us to examine the role that state and local economic development policy may play. Also, in examining state income inequality differences that could not be explained by economic factors, we explore the possibility that cultural and social norm factors affect state income inequality., I. INTRODUCTION The sharp increase in U.S. income inequality in the 1980s has renewed interest in this issue. Recent studies of U.S. income inequality often focus on labor market changes [...]

Published
1998

46. Assessing the impact of nutrition interventions on health and nutrition outcomes of community-dwelling adults: a systematic review

Author

Sauer,Abby C, Li,Jian, Partridge,Jamie, and Sulo,Suela

Subjects
Nutrition and Dietary Supplements
Abstract

Abby C Sauer,1 Jian Li,2 Jamie Partridge,1 Suela Sulo1 1Scientific & Medical Affairs, Research & Development, Abbott Nutrition, Columbus, OH, USA; 2Biostatistics & Data Management, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA Background: Malnutrition is pervasive in hospitalized patients and older adults. Although evidence shows the benefits of nutrition interventions in hospitalized patients, less is known about the role these interventions play on outcomes in patients in the community. Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the current evidence on nutrition interventions’ impact on health and nutrition outcomes among community-dwelling adults. Methods: This systematic review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Original studies of previously published research were identified by using a predefined search strategy. Articles identified through electronic and manual searches were compared against predefined study selection criteria. Results: Twenty articles were deemed eligible for inclusion. Most of the studies examined nutrition interventions through oral nutritional supplements, dietary advice, counseling, and home visits, and were conducted in subjects who either had or were at risk of malnutrition. Nutrition interventions were found to improve anthropometrics (body weight), nutritional and functional status, energy and protein intake, and muscle strength (handgrip strength). However, their impact was inconclusive for body composition, quality of life, readmissions, complications/morbidity, and mortality, mainly due to a limited number of studies. Conclusion: Nutrition interventions were found to improve health and nutrition outcomes among community-dwelling adults. Future research is needed to examine the pervasiveness of malnutrition in the community, to evaluate the impact that nutrition interventions have on improving health outcomes in this population, and to inform the design of novel nutrition-focused intervention programs for adults living in different community settings to improve outcomes. Keywords: community, malnutrition, nutritional status, functional status, muscle strength

Published
2018

50. Clinical and economic outcomes associated with malnutrition in hospitalized patients

Author

Ruiz, Alvaro J., primary, Buitrago, Giancarlo, additional, Rodríguez, Nelcy, additional, Gómez, Gabriel, additional, Sulo, Suela, additional, Gómez, Carlos, additional, Partridge, Jamie, additional, Misas, Juan, additional, Dennis, Rodolfo, additional, Alba, Magda Jeannette, additional, Chaves-Santiago, Walter, additional, and Araque, Carolina, additional

Published
2019
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