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To analyze the impact of the foot health and health behavior and the characteristics of outdoor footwear among minority ethnic groups.A cross-sectional study design using the Foot Health Status Questionnaire: foot pain, foot function, shoe, general foot health, general health, physical activity, social capacity, and vigor. Outcomes included the self-reported type of outdoor footwear and clinical characteristics by sex were collected in 2019-2020.A total of 78 Roma participants self-identified as members of this ethnic minority and 72 participants non-Roma were assessed (n = 150).The lower score values was recorded in the footwear and general foot health domains in Roma population. General population obtained higher scores in general health domains. The most common outdoor footwear types were running shoes and walking shoes in non-Roma population, versus flip flops and slippers in Roma population. Clinical characteristics did not show any statistically significant differences (p .05).Roma people wear flip flops and slippers and non-Roma people running shoes and walking shoes. These findings reveal cultural differences that make it easier for the Roma population to experience a greater burden of foot health problems. General foot health and foot pain dimensions show statistically significant differences among ethnicity.

Objective:To assess infectious and thrombotic complications of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in adults.Design:A 5-year prospective cohort study.Setting:Tertiary-care teaching hospital in Seville, Spain.Patients:Adult patients undergoing PICC insertion.Methods:Catheter-associated bloodstream infection (CABSI) including catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI), primary bacteremia (PB), and upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) were recorded. Independent predictors of complications were assessed by multivariate analysis.Results:In total, 1,142 PICCs were inserted, with 153,191 catheter days (median, 79). Complications included 66 cases of CABSI (5.78%; 0.43‰ catheter days), 38 cases of CRBSI (3.33%; 0.25‰ catheter days), 28 cases of PB (2.45%; 0.18‰ catheter days), and 23 cases of UEDVT (2.01%; 0.15‰ catheter days). The median times to infection were 24, 41, and 60 days for CRBSI, PB, and UEDVT, respectively. Parenteral nutrition (odds ratio [OR], 3.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.77–6.52) and admission to the hematology ward (OR, 4.90; 95% CI, 2.25–10.71) were independently associated with CRBSI and PB, respectively. Admission to the hematology ward (OR, 12.46; 95% CI, 2.49–62.50) or to the oncology ward (OR, 7.89; 95% CI, 1.77–35.16) was independently associated with UEDVT. The crude mortality rate was 24.8%. Only 2 patients died of complications.Conclusions:PICCs showed a low rate of thrombotic and infectious complications. Compared to PB, CRBSI showed significantly different risk factors, a higher incidence density per catheter days, and a shorter median time to infection. Separate analyses of CRBSI and PB are more specific and clinically useful when analyzing infectious complications.

Background: In the treatment of Onychocryptosis, chemical matricectomy with 88% phenol solution is one of the most common surgical procedures due to a recurrence rate of less than 5%, but it may produce a delay in healing time. The objective was to compare the healing time between phenol applications of 30 or 60 s. Methods: A comparative, prospective, parallel, randomized, and blinded clinical trial was registered with the European Clinical Trials Database. Twenty-seven patients (54 feet) with 108 affected nail folds were randomized and treated with chemical matricectomy with phenol. Each hallux was randomly assigned to one of two groups (60 vs. 30 s phenolization). Each patient and one investigator were blinded to the phenol application time in each foot. The outcome measurements were healing time, recurrence, pain, post-surgical bleeding, inflammation, and infection rate. Results: The 30 s application presents a shorter healing time (14.93 ± 2.81 days vs. 22.07 ± 3.16 days, p &lt, 0.001) with a similar recurrence rate (p = 0.99). Post-operatory bleeding, pain, inflammation, and the infection rate did not show significant differences (p &gt, 0.05). Conclusions: The 30 s phenol application time offers a shorter healing time than 60 s without affecting the effectiveness of the procedure, showing the same rate of complications.

Background Chevron osteotomy for the treatment of mild and moderate hallux valgus obtain good effects. The procedure is suitable for a variety of cases, thereby allowing for a significant degree of correction. This study aimed to investigate Chevron osteotomy procedures for the correction of hallux valgus in the medium-term (2010-2016) by podiatrists surgeons. It takes into account clinical and radiological findings as well as patient perspectives and level of satisfaction. Methods All patients were assessed preoperatively, postoperatively and at a final follow-up. Fifty feet (forty five patients). The mean age was 59.43 (range 32 to 80) years. All of the participants signed an informed consent form to take part in the study. The protocols include: chart review, clinical and radiological. Anterior-posterior weight-bearing radiographs were analyzed preoperatively and at final follow-up. All radiological data were assessed by two observers blinded. Clinical and functional measurements as well as evaluation of the satisfaction survey at the final visit were carried out by another researcher blinded to the study. All patients were analyzed with VAS and AOFAS score. It was applied to evaluate clinical effects. Results Inter and intra-observer reliability was evaluated (ICC- 95%). The average value of the hallux valge angle (HVA) decreased at final follow-up (25.30o {plus minus} 7.21 VS 17.98o{plus minus} 8.18; p=0.041). There was no significant reduction in the average value of the intermetatarsal angle (IMA) at final follow-up (13.13o {plus minus} 3.03 VS 11.3o {plus minus}3.18; p= 0.78). Final AOFAS scale was 83. This study show the relevance of magnet therapy, nail surgery and others additional procedures. No patient was dissatisfied with the aesthetic scarring. Conclusions The results showed that radiological results at final follow-up weren´t compatible with relapse of the deformity. The definitive clinical results, and the degree of patient satisfaction achieved with this technique were favorable from the patients' point of view.

Background: In onychocryptosis surgery, incisional and non-incisional matricectomy is indicated according to the stage. The chemical matricectomy with 88% phenol solution is the gold standard and a wedge resection is indicated for more advanced stages. The aesthetic reconstruction has the advantages of the incisional procedure without eponychium incisions and an effectiveness similar to the chemical matricectomy with phenol. Objective: To compare the recurrence and the healing time between the chemical matricectomy with phenol and the aesthetic reconstruction. Methods: A comparative, prospective, parallel, randomized, and one-blinded clinical trial was registered with the European Clinical Trials Database (EudraCT) with identification number 2019-001294-80. Thrity-four patients (56 feet) with 112 onychocryptosis were randomized in two groups. Thirty-six were treated with chemical matricectomy with phenol and 76 with aesthetic reconstruction. Each patient was blind to the surgical procedure assigned by the investigator. The primary outcome measurements were healing time and recurrence. The secondary outcome measurements were post-surgical bleeding, pain, inflammation, and infection rate. Results: The aesthetic reconstruction procedure presents a shorter healing time (8.2 &plusmn, 1.4 days vs. 21.3 &plusmn, 3.1 days, p &lt, 0.001) with a similar recurrence rate (p = 0.98). Post-operatory bleeding, pain, inflammation, and the infection rate did not show significant differences (p &gt, 0.05). Conclusions: The aesthetic reconstruction presents a shorter healing time, favoring the patients&rsquo, recuperation, with a recurrence similar to the chemical matricectomy with 88% phenol solution.

Background Many risk factors have been identified to be associated with ingrown toenail. Internal pressure by the distal phalanx of the hallux and the second toe and external compression from the shoes has been proposed as a reason for the pathology. The main objective of the study was to analyze the existence of a correlation between the presence of pathological hallux interphalangeal angle (HIA) and risk of ingrown hallux nail. Methods One hundred and sixty-five subjects (312 ft) were enrolled in a cross-sectional, analytical and observational case–control study. A radiographic computerized system was used to measure HIA in both groups. The angle was considered as the sum of three angles, obliquity, asymmetry and joint deviation. Results The mean HIA in case group subjects (patients with hallux ingrown nail) was significantly higher than that obtained in control group subjects (17.39 ± 6.0° versus 13.47 ± 4.6°, p = .036). A total of 73.71 and 46.79 % of feet presented an angle equal or greater than 13.47° in the onychocryptosis and control group, respectively. Conclusions The results show a correlation between the variables analysed. The presence of an HIA greater or equal than 14.5° may be a predisposing factor for developing onychocryptosis of the hallux. Clinicians treating individuals with pathology in hallux might use a baseline cutoff of HIA equal than 13.5°.

Background The Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) is a tool developed by the World Health Alliance for Patient Safety, to assist health professionals in improving patient safety during surgery. Numerous specialties have incorporated this into their clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to adapt and implement this tool within the field of podiatric surgery and to evaluate its impact upon safety standards and post-surgical complications. Methods An analytical, observational, longitudinal study has been performed retrospectively. The implementation of the Surgical Safety Checklist in podiatric surgery took place over a 10-month period. The sample is made up from the medical histories of patients who were operated on (n = 134) in the University of Seville’s podiatric clinic. The sample was divided into three groups: those prior to the implementation process (65 subjects), those after the implementation process: without the SSC (35 subjects) and those with the SSC (34 subjects). The safety standards included in the tool were analysed in conjunction with the results and post-operative complications. Results An improvement was seen in compliance with the Prophylaxis Protocol and the correct completion of the Informed Consent (p = 0.00), as well as a statistically significant relationship between the correct use of antibiotic prophylaxis and the use of the Surgical Safety Checklist (p = 0.049). The results demonstrate a reduction in the number of post-operative days (p = 0.012). No cases of surgery being performed in the wrong place were found in this study. Conclusions The Surgical Safety Checklist allows us to improve compliance with the safety protocols recommended by the scientific community, and consequently to reduce the incidence of complications related to surgery and to improve patient safety during elective podiatric surgery.

The Koenen tumors are cutaneous manifestations of tuberous sclerosis, which is of systemic involvement and sometimes with location in the foot. The knowledge of this type of dermatological is very important for proper treatment and for this reason an interdisciplinary approach is essential for the accurate and early diagnosis. In the clinical history is important to make an assessment of family history, perform a scan of the skin and a neurological study. We report a case with symptoms consistent with the presence of tumor Koenen. The differential diagnosis is essential for planning treatment and get a good outcome and speedy recovery. Conclusions. Surgical treatment is proposed as a technique of choice despite the high rate of recurrence presents such treatment. Surgical resection of the lesion allows the pathological diagnosis.

The authors propose a surgical security check-list adapted to the podiatric surgery. This check-list is based on the Surgical Security Checklist proposed by the World Health Organization. The proposed document contains 18 items divided into two groups: those which are checked before the surgery and those which must be verified after it, before the patient leaves the operating room. The checklist is characterized as being an easy-to- use tool, it requires a short time and permits to systematically increase the patient safety. The authors think that the result is a checklist that is easy to fill and that improves the patient safety in the podiatric surgery.

This work has as purpose to standardize bench-marks of setting for distance relays at multi-terminals lines. The study of protection schemes contemplates the suitable performance of the distance units (21/21N). Given the multi-terminal configuration the analysis includes conditions such as: Infeed and Outfeed effect. Another factor considered in the relaying setting is the classification as short, medium or long lines. The methodology is based on the establishment of optimal protection benchmarks according to the classification and configuration of the lines, selection of the pilot scheme (PUTT, POTT, Weak Infeed and Echo Logic) to be implemented and the selection of the pilot communications scheme. Everything based on the Standards IEEE C37.113, IEEE 242, IEEE 738 and ANSI C84.1. The study is made in the east PDVSA sub-transmission network (69 kV); the Criogenica - San Roque - Kaki Bucaral Multi-terminal Line is taken as an example.