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2 results on '"Philip Szeszko"'

1. White matter microstructure and its relation to clinical features of obsessive–compulsive disorder: findings from the ENIGMA OCD Working Group

Author

Fabrizio Piras, Federica Piras, Yoshinari Abe, Sri Mahavir Agarwal, Alan Anticevic, Stephanie Ameis, Paul Arnold, Nerisa Banaj, Núria Bargalló, Marcelo C. Batistuzzo, Francesco Benedetti, Jan-Carl Beucke, Premika S. W. Boedhoe, Irene Bollettini, Silvia Brem, Anna Calvo, Kang Ik Kevin Cho, Valentina Ciullo, Sara Dallaspezia, Erin Dickie, Benjamin Adam Ely, Siyan Fan, Jean-Paul Fouche, Patricia Gruner, Deniz A. Gürsel, Tobias Hauser, Yoshiyuki Hirano, Marcelo Q. Hoexter, Mariangela Iorio, Anthony James, Y. C. Janardhan Reddy, Christian Kaufmann, Kathrin Koch, Peter Kochunov, Jun Soo Kwon, Luisa Lazaro, Christine Lochner, Rachel Marsh, Akiko Nakagawa, Takashi Nakamae, Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy, Yuki Sakai, Eiji Shimizu, Daniela Simon, Helen Blair Simpson, Noam Soreni, Philipp Stämpfli, Emily R. Stern, Philip Szeszko, Jumpei Takahashi, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Zhen Wang, Je-Yeon Yun, ENIGMA OCD Working Group, Dan J. Stein, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M. Thompson, Odile A. van den Heuvel, and Gianfranco Spalletta

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Abstract Microstructural alterations in cortico-subcortical connections are thought to be present in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, prior studies have yielded inconsistent findings, perhaps because small sample sizes provided insufficient power to detect subtle abnormalities. Here we investigated microstructural white matter alterations and their relation to clinical features in the largest dataset of adult and pediatric OCD to date. We analyzed diffusion tensor imaging metrics from 700 adult patients and 645 adult controls, as well as 174 pediatric patients and 144 pediatric controls across 19 sites participating in the ENIGMA OCD Working Group, in a cross-sectional case-control magnetic resonance study. We extracted measures of fractional anisotropy (FA) as main outcome, and mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity, and axial diffusivity as secondary outcomes for 25 white matter regions. We meta-analyzed patient-control group differences (Cohen’s d) across sites, after adjusting for age and sex, and investigated associations with clinical characteristics. Adult OCD patients showed significant FA reduction in the sagittal stratum (d = −0.21, z = −3.21, p = 0.001) and posterior thalamic radiation (d = −0.26, z = −4.57, p

Published
2021
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2. Characterization of Extracellular Free Water Pathologies in Schizophrenia Using Multi-Site Diffusion MRI Harmonization

Author

Suheyla Cetin-Karayumak, Amanda Lyall, Maria Di Biase, Johanna Seitz-Holland, Fan Zhang, Sinead Kelly, Doron Elad, Godfrey Pearlson, Carol Tamminga, John Sweeney, Brett Clementz, David Schretlen, Katharina Stegmayer, Sebastian Walther, Jungsun Lee, Timothy Crow, Anthony James, Aristotle Voineskos, Robert Buchanan, Philip Szeszko, Anil Malhotra, Matcheri Keshavan, Martha Shenton, Yogesh Rathi, Ofer Pasternak, and Marek Kubicki

Abstract

Studies applying Free Water Imaging have consistently reported significant global increases in extracellular FW in populations of individuals with early psychosis. However, these published studies focused on homogenous clinical participant groups (e.g., only first episode or chronic), thereby limiting our understanding of the time course of free water (FW) elevations across illness stages. Moreover, the relationship between FW and duration of illness has yet to be directly tested. Leveraging our multi-site diffusion magnetic resonance imaging(dMRI) harmonization approach, we analyzed dMRI scans collected by 12 international sites from 441 healthy controls and 434 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders who represent different illness stages and ages (15–58 years). We characterized the pattern of age-related FW changes by assessing whole brain white matter in individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Quadratic and non-parametric curves were used to model between-group FW differences in averaged whole brain white matter. In individuals with schizophrenia, whole brain FW was higher than in controls across all ages, with the greatest FW values observed from 15 to 23 years of age (effect size range= [0.70-0.87]). Following this peak, FW exhibited a monotonic decrease until reaching a minima at the age of 39 years. After 39 years of age, an attenuated monotonic increase in FW was observed, but with markedly lower effect sizes when compared to younger patients (effect size range = [0.32-0.43]). Importantly, FW was found to be negatively associated with duration of illness in schizophrenia (p=0.006), independent of the effects of age. In summary, our study finds in a large, age-diverse sample that participants with schizophrenia with a shorter duration of illness showed higher FW values compared to participants with more prolonged illness. Our findings indicate that FW might be a reliable imaging marker of acute, extracellular processes which appear to occur predominantly in the early stages of schizophrenia.

Published
2022
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