Search

The present study deals with organised terminology work in Sweden from the 1940s to the late 2010s. Using archive material, we describe how practical terminology work was carried out in Sweden during the period 1941–2018/2019, when the Swedish Centre for Technical Terminology/the Swedish Centre for Terminology (TNC) was the central actor. Thereafter, we discuss models for building a new infrastructure for terminology work after the closure of the TNC in 2018/2019. This discussion is based on interviews and analyses of articles and current reports. The study shows that multifaceted contacts with experts, academia, industry and society have played an essential role for terminology work in Sweden since the 1930s. In the current situation (2019), the activities are being reorganised and responsibility for terminology work is distributed between several actors. A new main actor is the government agency known as the Institute of Language and Folklore (Isof). Finally, we discuss future visions for terminology work in Sweden.

In this paper, we study how KTH Royal Institute of Technology (Kungliga Tekniska högskolan – KTH) has participated in and influenced terminology work coordinated by the national terminology centre, the Swedish Centre for Technical Terminology – the TNC, in Sweden during the period 1941–1983. The aim of this paper is to shed light on the development of Swedish (technical) terminology based on networking and experts’ efforts. Based on archive material, we analyze who have been the active KTH experts, in what ways they were involved in the development processes and what effects their efforts had on the term recommendations given by the TNC. The archive material consists of written documents relating to the work process developed by John Wennerberg, who led the TNC between 1941 and 1957. The process was carried out in the form of 373 formal survey letters representing 17 subject fields, with both the TNC and external parties participating. Our results show that the 31 identified KTH experts play a visible role in the processes by 480 received survey letters within 14 subject fields. The response rate, 80 percent, reveal the experts’ involvement in the process and their high esteem of TNC’s work. The analysis of the comprehensive survey letter R198 shows that Wennerberg has considered the experts’ answers regarding terms (selection, linguistic form, acceptance/discourage) and definitions when he has published TNC’s recommendations. Our study shows that networking and experts representing the educational sector and furthermore universities have been an inseparable part of the development of Swedish (technical) terminology during several decades when the national terminology centre in Sweden began to operate and the working methods were established.

Rawdna Carita Eira, Irene Larsen, Hege Siri & Sigbjørn Skåden, Tuulisolmut. Valikoima saamelaista nykyrunoutta. Suom. Kaisa Ahvenjärvi. Poesia 2018. 113 s.

Heras Colàs, Raquel, editor literari The NANOL project, funded by EU funds, was created with the aim of encouraging outdoor activities and contact with nature of primary education schools in protected natural areas and has allowed the communication between educators from different backgrounds, basically from nature schools or environmental education centers, from primary education schools and from universities working in the initial and permanent training of teachers. The work has been contextualized in the reality of each partner (United Kingdom, France, Slovenia, Finland and Catalonia) and the individual needs have been respected. This publication collects the experiences that each partner has undertaken. They are all different, but equally interesting and complementary, as they support a positive trend to improve education through initiatives that promote contact between the immediate school environment and children that are active and involved in real world topics El proyecto NANOL, financiado con fondos de la UE, fue creado con el objetivo de fomentar las actividades al aire libre y el contacto con la naturaleza de las escuelas de la educación primaria en espacios naturales protegidos y ha acercado educadoras y educadores de diferentes ámbitos, básicamente de escuelas de naturaleza o centros de educación ambiental, de escuelas de educación primaria y de universidades que trabajan en la formación inicial y permanente del profesorado. El trabajo ha sido contextualizado en la realidad de cada socio (Reino Unido, Francia, Eslovenia, Finlandia y Cataluña) y se han respetado las diferentes necesidades. Lo que recogemos en esta publicación son las experiencias que cada socio ha llevado a cabo. Todas ellas son diferentes, pero igual de interesantes y complementarias, ya que se apoyan en la tendencia creciente de mejorar la educación a partir de iniciativas que fomentan el contacto con el entorno escolar próximo y un alumnado activo e implicado en temas reales del mundo en que vivimos El projecte NANOL, finançat amb fons de la UE, va ser creat amb l’objectiu de fomentar les activitats a l’aire lliure i el contacte amb la natura de les escoles de l’educació primària en espais naturals protegits i ha apropat educadores i educadors de diferents àmbits, bàsicament d’escoles de natura o centres d’educació ambiental, d’escoles d’educació primària i d’universitats que treballen en la formació inicial i permanent del professorat. El treball ha estat contextualitzat en la realitat de cada soci (Regne Unit, França, Eslovènia, Finlàndia i Catalunya) i s’han respectat les diferents necessitats. El que recollim en aquesta publicació són les experiències que cada soci ha dut a terme. Totes elles són diferents, però igual d’interessants i complementàries, ja que es recolzen en la tendència creixent de millorar l’educació a partir d’iniciatives que fomenten el contacte amb l’entorn escolar proper i un alumnat actiu i implicat en temes reals del món en què vivim Esta publicación se engloba en el proyecto “Nutrturing Affinity to Nature through Outdoor Learning in Special Places” - NANOL

Based on a case study we identify sources and contexts of linguistic challenges that academic and university services staff perceive at a multilingual workplace. Some of these challenges produce subjective perceptions of language misfit—a concept that refers to a sense of inadequacy in the social context through which professionals communicate specialized knowledge. Professionals who experience misfit have limited language skills or their skills are inconsistent with the language policies and practices of the university and/or the region where the university is embedded. Our findings suggest that language misfit and fit form a dualistic pair of concepts which is dynamic and context-specific. We offer a contribution to person-environment (mis)fit research and the study of multilingual organizations, which has to date focused on private, for-profit organizations.

Heras Colàs, Raquel, editor literari The NANOL project, funded by EU funds, was created with the aim of encouraging outdoor activities and contact with nature of primary education schools in protected natural areas and has allowed the communication between educators from different backgrounds, basically from nature schools or environmental education centers, from primary education schools and from universities working in the initial and permanent training of teachers. The work has been contextualized in the reality of each partner (United Kingdom, France, Slovenia, Finland and Catalonia) and the individual needs have been respected. This publication collects the experiences that each partner has undertaken. They are all different, but equally interesting and complementary, as they support a positive trend to improve education through initiatives that promote contact between the immediate school environment and children that are active and involved in real world topics El projecte NANOL, finançat amb fons de la UE, va ser creat amb l’objectiu de fomentar les activitats a l’aire lliure i el contacte amb la natura de les escoles de l’educació primària en espais naturals protegits i ha apropat educadores i educadors de diferents àmbits, bàsicament d’escoles de natura o centres d’educació ambiental, d’escoles d’educació primària i d’universitats que treballen en la formació inicial i permanent del professorat. El treball ha estat contextualitzat en la realitat de cada soci (Regne Unit, França, Eslovènia, Finlàndia i Catalunya) i s’han respectat les diferents necessitats. El que recollim en aquesta publicació són les experiències que cada soci ha dut a terme. Totes elles són diferents, però igual d’interessants i complementàries, ja que es recolzen en la tendència creixent de millorar l’educació a partir d’iniciatives que fomenten el contacte amb l’entorn escolar proper i un alumnat actiu i implicat en temes reals del món en què vivim Aquesta publicació s'emmarca en el projecte “Nurturing Affinity to Nature through Outdoor Learning innSpecial Places” - NANOL

For international and regional organizations such as the European Union (EU), taxation has become an important redistributive mechanism under the Sustainable Development Goals, which underline shared responsibility for poverty reduction as an outcome and the involvement of sectors beyond development cooperation. Focusing on the EU Platform for Tax Good Governance, this study investigates the European Commission’s means for tax good governance between the institution and developing economies. The results, which are based on interviews and a set of official documents, point to fairly strong policies for tax coordination and to a commitment to the implementation of the goals, but incoherencies in programme design when it comes to mainstreaming of tax good governance principles to different policy sectors. These stem from difficulties in finding unanimous solutions between the Member States, and from the limited collaborative working culture in the European Commission, owing to different and often competing internal interests.

The EU has introduced a differentiated approach to development cooperation by reducing financial support for countries graduating to middle-income status from development cooperation. Differentiation will likely be applied in additional countries in the next budget cycle; as such, the way the EU organises differentiation makes for an important pilot case. This article reviews the factors that led to the graduation of certain countries and how this matches with the EU’s aspirations to policy coherence for development. The analysis concludes that ambiguous differentiation policy horizontally led to vertical incoherencies in the ways policy objectives are conveyed to financial instruments, and how they subsequently facilitate programming.

Sedan 1963 har det vid olika universitet i Sverige och Finland regelbundet arrangerats sammankomster för svenskans beskrivning. Forskningsprojekt och forskningsresultat om svenska språket har presenterats och diskuterats. Den trettiofemte sammankomsten ägde rum den 11–13 maj 2016 i Göteborg och samlade ca 160 deltagare. Konferensen anordnades av Institutionen för svenska språket vid Göteborgs universitet. Det övergripande temat för sammankomsten var Ord och detta belystes i 68 presentationer – plenarföredrag, sektionsföredrag, posterpresentationer och workshoppar. I denna volym finns två av plenarföredragen och 26 av de övriga presentationerna publicerade.

Drawing on the concept of translatorial action by Justa Holz-Mänttäri, this article sets out to analyse the role of translation in a bilingual formal meeting without any professional translation or interpreting. The analysis reveals the central role of translatorial activities: 60% of the turns include some kind of translatoriality. The chair and expert speakers stand out as producers for most of the translations. Self-translation is the most prominent form of translation, but otherwise the translator role tends to vary dynamically with the role of the source text producer. Three types of translatorial action with varying degrees of replication of content were found: duplicating, summarizing, and expanding. In the meeting context, translatorial action is the primary means of enabling participation for all, regardless of language skills or language background, and this action was used by the participants in flexible and dynamic ways.

BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether patients age 65 years and over with a recent stroke or TIA benefit from statin treatment to a similar degree as younger patients. METHODS: The 4,731 patient cohort in the SPARCL study was divided into an elderly group (65 and over) and a younger group. The primary endpoint (fatal or nonfatal stroke) and secondary endpoints were analyzed, with calculation of the hazard ratio (HR) and p values from a Cox regression model. RESULTS: There were 2,249 patients in the elderly group and 2,482 in the younger group. The baseline LDL (133 mg/dL) and total cholesterol were comparable in the two groups. The elderly and younger groups had a 61.4 mg/dL and 58.7 mg/dL decrease in mean LDL during the trial. The primary endpoint was reduced by 26% in younger patients (HR 0.74, 0.57-0.96, p = 0.02) and by 10% in elderly subjects (HR 0.90, 0.73-1.11, p = 0.33). A test of heterogeneity for a treatment-age interaction was not significant (p = 0.52). The risk of stroke or TIA (HR 0.79, p = 0.01), major coronary events (HR 0.68, p = 0.035), any coronary heart disease event (HR 0.61, p = 0.0006), and revascularization procedures (HR 0.55, p = 0.0005) was reduced in the elderly group. CONCLUSIONS: There was no heterogeneity in the stroke reduction seen with atorvastatin in the elderly and younger groups. Cardiac events and revascularization procedures were also lower in both the elderly and younger subgroups treated with atorvastatin. These results support the use of atorvastatin in elderly patients with recent stroke or TIA.

This article explores how linguistic resources from two local languages, Finnish and Swedish, are used in expert presentations in bilingual formal meetings and how they function with respect to the three ideal criteria of professional communication: economy, efficiency, and precision. Based on the results, the article suggests a typology of bilingual action for bilingual formal meetings. While economic language use has to do with the time used for getting something done, efficiency, covers relevant, concise, and focused language use and precision is connected with ways of presenting a full depiction of the issues discussed. The typology suggests six types of bilingual action that interact closely depending on the context. The findings underline the importance of documentation and open discussion of organization-level practices in guiding bilingual action as an intentional and goal-oriented practice in professional contexts. The typology of bilingual action suggested in this article can be used when introducing the practices of bilingual meetings to new participants.

The concept of ¿reference conditions¿ describes the benchmark against which current conditions are compared when assessing the status of water bodies. In this paper we focus on the establishment of reference conditions for European lakes according to a phytoplankton biomass indicator - the concentration of chlorophyll-a. A mostly spatial approach (selection of existing lakes with no or minor human impact) was used to set the reference conditions for chlorophyll-a values, supplemented by historical data, paleolimnological investigations and modelling. The work resulted in definition of reference conditions and the boundary between ¿high¿ and ¿good¿ status for 15 main lake types and five ecoregions of Europe: Alpine, Atlantic, Central/Baltic, Mediterranean, and Northern. Additionally, empirical models were developed for estimating site-specific reference chlorophyll-a concentrations from a set of potential predictor variables. The results were recently formulated into the EU legislation, marking the first attempt in international water policy to move from chemical quality standards to ecological quality targets., JRC.H.1-Water Resources

– In 1979–80, 82 cases of grand mal status epilepticus (71 patients, 39 male and 32 female) were admitted to the Casualty Department of Meilahti University Hospital in Helsinki, Finland. The cause of the underlying epilepsy was symptomatic in 43 cases (52.4%) and idiopathic in 19 cases (23.2%). In 6 cases (7.3%), there was a history of alcohol withdrawal seizures, and in 14 cases (17.1%) there was no earlier history of convulsions. Status epilepticus was associated with an acute or progressive cerebral disorder in 14 episodes. These comprised 6 bouts of status with brain tumour, 4 with acute stroke and 4 with brain injury. Alcohol abuse preceded the status in 29 episodes (35.4%), 23 of which occurred in men (53.5% of the male cases). Excessive use of alcohol was the only obvious precipitating factor for status in 16 cases, and in 6 cases the status presented as a prolonged alcohol withdrawal seizure. A change or irregularity of anticonvulsive drug therapy could be documented in 14 cases and an acute infection outside the central nervous system in 7 cases. Intravenous diazepam, used as the only therapy for status epilepticus, was effective in 58 of 78 episodes. In 7 cases of prolonged status, a thiopental sodium anaesthesia proved effective. The total mortality was 4.2%, including 2 deaths from concomitant extracerebral disorders and one late death from brain metastasis.