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The selection of an appropriate preparation method is crucial to enhance catalytic performance and optimize the resources used in catalyst synthesis. Achieving improvements in conversion rates, desired product yields are essential for increasing interest and competitiveness in the industrial sector. This study aims to analyze the influence of the preparation method of Rh(1%)-Sn(4%)/γ-Al2O3 catalysts on the selective hydrogenation of oleic acid to oleyl alcohol. Results from temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), cyclohexane dehydrogenation (DHC), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) clearly demonstrate that incorporating sodium borohydride in the preparation process results in a stronger interaction between Rh and Sn. The degree of interaction between Rh and Sn is significantly influenced by the catalyst preparation and activation method, with a strong interaction promoting selectivity towards the formation of oleyl alcohol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Condiment is the property of China Condiment and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Advanced Textile Technology is the property of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Magazines and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Micronanoelectronic Technology is the property of Micronanoelectronic Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Fiber Inspection / Zhongguo Xian-Jian is the property of China Fiber Inspection and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Crystallinity and crystal structure greatly influence the photocatalytic behavior of photocatalysts. Pristine g-C3N4 produced by traditional thermal-induced polycondensation reaction bears low crystallinity and thus poor photoactivity, which originates from the incomplete polymerization of the precursor containing amine groups, abundant hydrogen bonds, and unreacted amino, as well as cyanide functional groups in the skeleton. During photocatalytic process, these residual functional groups often work as electron trap sites, which may hinder the transfer of electrons on the plane, resulting in low photoactivity. Fortunately, crystalline carbon nitride (CCN) was reported as a promising photocatalyst because its increased crystallinity not only reduces the number of carriers recombination centers, but also increases charge conductivity and improves light utilization due to extended π-conjugated systems and delocalized π-electrons. As such, we summarize the recent studies on CCN-based photocatalysts for the photoactivity enhancement. Firstly, the unique structure and properties of CCN materials are presented. Next, the preparation methods and modification strategies are well outlined. We also sum up the applications of CCN-based materials in the environmental purification and energy fields. Finally, this review concerning CNN materials ends with prospects and challenges in the obtainment of high crystallinity by effective techniques, and the deep understanding of photocatalytic mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel method was developed to enhance the utilization rate of steel slag (SS). Through treatment of SS with phosphoric acid and aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH550), we obtained modified SS (MSS), which was used to prepare MSS/wood-plastic composites (MSS/WPCs) by replacing talcum powder (TP). The composites were fabricated through melting blending and hot pressing. Their mechanical and combustion properties, which comprise heat release, smoke release, and thermal stability, were systematically investigated. MSS can improve the mechanical strength of the composites through grafting reactions between wood powder and thermoplastics. Notably, MSS/WPC#50 (16wt% MSS) with an MSS-to-TP mass ratio of 1:1 exhibited optimal comprehensive performance. Compared with those of WPC#0 without MSS, the tensile, flexural, and impact strengths of MSS/WPC#50 were increased by 18.5%, 12.8%, and 18.0%, respectively. Moreover, the MSS/WPC#50 sample achieved the highest limited oxygen index of 22.5%, the highest vertical burning rating at the V-1 level, and the lowest horizontal burning rate at 44.2 mm/min. The formation of a dense and stable char layer led to improved thermal stability and a considerable reduction in heat and smoke releases of MSS/WPC#50. However, the partial replacement of TP with MSS slightly compromised the mechanical and flame-retardant properties, possibly due to the weak grafting caused by SS powder agglomeration. These findings suggest the suitability of MSS/WPCs for high-value-added applications as decorative panels indoors or outdoors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lubrication Engineering (0254-0150) is the property of Editorial Office of LUBRICATION ENGINEERING and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Polyphenols have a variety of physiological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, their applications are often limited because due to the instability of polyphenols. Encapsulation technologies can be employed to overcome these problems and increase the utilization of polyphenols. In this article, the utilization of protein-based nanoparticles for encapsulating polyphenols is reviewed due to their good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and functional attributes. Initially, the various kinds of animal and plant proteins available for forming protein nanoparticles are discussed, as well as the fabrication methods that can be used to assemble these nanoparticles. The molecular interaction mechanisms between proteins and polyphenols are then summarized. Applications of protein-based nanoparticles for encapsulating polyphenols are then discussed, including as nutrient delivery systems, in food packaging materials, and in the creation of functional foods. Finally, areas where further research is need on the development, characterization, and application of protein-based polyphenol-loaded nanoparticles are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of the dialogue between microorganisms at the molecular level is becoming essential to understand their relationship (antagonist, neutral, or beneficial interactions) and its impact on the organization of the microbial community. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is a technique that reveals the spatial distribution of molecules on a sample surface that may be involved in interactions between organisms. An experimental limitation to perform MALDI MSI is a flat sample surface, which in many cases could not be achieved for bacterial colonies such as filamentous bacteria (e.g., Streptomyces). In addition, sample heterogeneity affects sample dryness and MALDI matrix deposition prior to MSI. To avoid such problems, we introduce an additional step in the sample preparation. A polymeric membrane is interposed between the microorganisms and the agar-based culture medium, allowing the removal of bacterial colonies prior to MSI of the homogeneous culture medium. A proof of concept was evaluated on Streptomyces ambofaciens (a soil bacterium) cultures on solid media. As the mycelium was removed at the same time as the polymeric membrane, the metabolites released into the medium were spatially resolved by MALDI MSI. In addition, extraction of the recovered mycelium from the membrane confirmed the identification of the metabolites by ESI MS/MS analysis. This approach allows both the spatial distribution of metabolites produced by microorganisms in an agar medium to be studied under well-controlled sample preparation and their structure to be elucidated. This capability is illustrated using desferrioxamine E, a siderophore produced by S. ambofaciens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carboxymethyl pachymaran （CMP） is a carboxymethylated modification product of the water-insoluble polysaccharides from Poria cocos. It has many biological activities such as immune regulation, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, liver damage protection and intestinal flora regulation. It has a wide application prospect in functional food, active molecular carrier, medicine and other fields. In this paper, the research of CMP at home and abroad in recent years was focused, the biological activity, preparation, identification and application development of CMP were reviewed, and the future development direction of CMP was prospected.

Abstract—Cr- and Pt-based catalysts are the most widely used industrial catalysts for propane dehydrogenation (PDH). However, these catalysts still show disadvantages such as environmental toxicity and high economic cost. Cobalt (Co)-based catalysts have become promising candidate catalysts for PDH reactions due to their environmental friendliness and low cost. In this paper, Co-based catalysts are prepared by the impregnation method and precipitation method, respectively. The obtained catalysts all show grape-like nanocrystalline aggregated structures with intercrystallite mesopores and high surface area. This can improve the dispersion of Co species and mass transfer of catalysts. Comparing catalysts prepared by the two methods, the impregnated 1CoZI sample shows smaller CoOx nanoparticle size and higher Co2+/Co3+ ratio than the precipitated 1CoZP sample. Moreover, the impregnated 1CoZI sample shows higher propane conversion and propylene selectivity, which is attributed to the smaller CoOx nanoparticle size and higher content of Co2+ species bonded with zeolite framework. This structure brings higher catalytic activity and stability to the catalyst. Different PDH reaction conditions such as the reaction temperature and propane GHSV are also investigated. Under the optimal PDH reaction conditions (525°C and 4500 h–1), the impregnated 1CoZI shows high propane conversion (32%) and propylene selectivity (86%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the development of renewable energy has become an important part of the global sustainable energy strategy. Hydrogen is the cleanest energy in the world and is considered to be the most promising alternative energy. Industrial hydrogen production contains a large number of impurities. Therefore, the purification of hydrogen is an indispensable part of the use of hydrogen energy. Palladium and its alloy membranes are the most common materials for hydrogen separation, but they are too expensive and insufficient in yield. We need to find new hydrogen separation membranes with excellent performance. It is found that the hydrogen permeability coefficient of V/Nb and its alloy membranes is much larger than that of Pd, and the cost is lower than that of Pd metal, which is the best hydrogen separation membrane material to replace Pd metal. At present, there are many studies on V/Nb-based alloy membranes. This paper introduces the principle of hydrogen permeation of alloy membranes, the preparation methods of hydrogen separation membranes and their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the research status of V/Nb-based alloys in recent years, and looks forward to the future research and development trend of hydrogen separation membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• K-doped MnO 2 was synthesized by different strategies. • K+ has structural promoting and electronic regulating effects in metal oxides. • Oxygen vacancies could be tuned by changing the preparation method and potassium source. • The MVK mechanism and the in situ DRIFT was used to study the reaction pathway. Alkali metal potassium was beneficial to the electronic regulation and structural stability of transition metal oxides. Herein, K ions were introduced into manganese oxides by different methods to improve the degradation efficiency of toluene. The results of activity experiments indicated that KMnO 4 -HT (HT: Hydrothermal method) exhibited outstanding low-temperature catalytic activity, and 90% conversion of toluene can be achieved at 243°C, which was 41°C and 43°C lower than that of KNO 3 -HT and Mn-HT, respectively. The largest specific surface area was observed on KMnO 4 -HT, facilitating the adsorption of toluene. The formation of cryptomelane structure over KMnO 4 -HT could contribute to higher content of Mn3+ and lattice oxygen (O latt), excellent low-temperature reducibility, and high oxygen mobility, which could increase the catalytic performance. Furthermore, two distinct degradation pathways were inferred. Pathway Ⅰ (KMnO 4 -HT): toluene → benzyl → benzoic acid → carbonate → CO 2 and H 2 O; Pathway ⅠⅠ (Mn-HT): toluene → benzyl alcohol → benzoic acid → phenol → maleic anhydride → CO 2 and H 2 O. Fewer intermediates were detected on KMnO 4 -HT, indicating its stronger oxidation capacity of toluene, which was originated from the doping of K+ and the interaction between K O Mn. More intermediates were observed on Mn-HT, which can be attributed to the weaker oxidation ability of pure Mn. The results indicated that the doping of K+ can improve the catalytic oxidation capacity of toluene, resulting in promoted degradation of intermediates during the oxidation of toluene. The doping of K+ had a certain influence on the morphology of MnO 2 , and the activity was significantly improved. In addition, KMnO 4 -HT possessed higher Mn3+ and O latt content, which accelerates the breaking speed of C C bonds and promotes the deep oxidation of toluene. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanomaterials have shown excellent performance in catalytic degradation and other fields because of their low density and great specific surface area, as well as their tunable chemical characteristics. However, the methods used to synthesize MnO2 nanomaterials greatly affect their structures and properties. Therefore, the present work systematically illustrates common synthetic routes and their advantages and disadvantages, as well as examining research progress relating to electrochemical applications. In contrast to previous reviews, this review summarizes approaches for preparing MnO2 nanoparticles and describes their respective merits, demerits, and limitations. The aim is to help readers better select appropriate preparation methods for MnO2 nanomaterials and translate research results into practical applications. Finally, we also point out that despite the significant progress that has been made in the development of MnO2 nanomaterials for electrochemical applications, the related research remains in the early stages, and the focus of future research should be placed on the development of green synthesis methods, as well as the composition and modification of MnO2 nanoparticles with other materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isoreticular metal-organic framework-3 (IRMOF-3), a porous coordination polymer, is an MOF material with the characteristics of a large specific surface area and adjustable pore size. Due to the existence of the active amino group (-NH2) on the organic ligand, IRMOF-3 has more extensive research and application potential. Herein, the main preparation methods of IRMOF-3 in existing research were compared and discussed first. Second, we classified and summarized the functionalization modification of IRMOF-3 based on different reaction mechanisms. In addition, the expanded research and progress of IRMOF-3 and their derivatives in catalysis, hydrogen storage, material adsorption and separation, carrier materials, and fluorescence detection were discussed from an application perspective. Moreover, the industrialization prospect of IRMOF-3 and the pressing problems in its practical application were analyzed and prospected. This review is expected to provide a reference for the design and application of more new nanomaterials based on IRMOF-3 to develop more advanced functional materials in industrial production and engineering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, wide bandgap semiconductor materials have shown great potential in the field of optoelectronic devices, and have received more and more research and attention. Zinc gallate (ZnGa2O4) is a wide bandgap semiconductor material, showing broad application prospects in the fields of solar-blind ultraviolet photoelectric detection and X-ray detection for its wide bandgap, unique structure and good thermal stability. In this paper, based on the basic structural characteristics of ZnGa2O4, the bandgap, photoelectric properties of ZnGa2 O4, the preparation methods of ZnGa2O4 bulk single crystal and thin film are introduced in detail. Combined with the recent research results of domestic and foreign scholars, the application prospects of ZnGa2 O4 in many fields are summarized, especially the research progress of solar-blind ultraviolet photoelectric detection, memristor, X-ray detection and power devices. Finally, the future development direction of ZnGa2O4 is prospected, and it is pointed out that the quality and performance of ZnGa2O4materials can be further improved to improve device performance and meet higher level application requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photochromic textiles have a wide range of applications in the field of fashion and smart textiles due to the qualities of rapid light responsiveness and reversibility of reaction. The principle and classification of photochromic materials are summarized. We discussed the latest research progress of photochromic textile preparation technology including direct grafting, dyeing and printing, spinning, layer-by-layer self-assembly, and microencapsulation, and summarized the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Direct grafting method can precisely control the number of materials, but some methods need professional technology and equipment. Dyeing and printing method is simple and economical, suitable for mass production, but the dyes are easy to fade and may pollute the environment. Spinning method spins photochromic substances into the fibers, but the preparation process is complicated. Layer-by-layer self-assembly method can accurately control the structure of the materials and improve stability, but the preparation cycle is long and cumbersome. Microencapsulation can effectively isolate the materials, improve stability, and has the potential for mass production. Finally, the research and application progress of photochromic textiles in the fields of optical information storage and solar ultraviolet detection were briefly introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CO2 hydrogenation to methane (also known as "CO2 methanation") is an important way to achieve the goal of carbon neutralization. CeO2 is considered as one of the most important catalyst supports because of its abundant surface oxygen vacancies and excellent oxygen storage capacity. Transition metal Ni is also widely studied because of its excellent catalytic performance and low price. The Ni/CeO2-based catalysts formed by the combination of CeO2 and metal Ni show good application prospects in CO2 methanation. The reaction mechanisms of Ni/CeO2-based catalysts for CO2 methanation were summarized and the preparation methods of Ni/CeO2-based catalysts were introduced, and the key parameters affecting catalytic performance of CO2 methanation such as the characteristics of active centers, properties of supports, types of additives and metal-support interactions were summarized, and the catalytic performances of Ni/CeO2-based catalysts were also summarized. It is found that by modifying Ni/CeO2-based catalysts, the catalytic performances and product selectivities of Ni/CeO2-based catalysts for CO2 methanation can be regulated, which can provide new ideas for improving their catalytic performances of CO2 methanation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, wide bandgap semiconductor materials have shown great potential in the field of optoelectronic devices, and have received more and more research and attention. Zinc gallate (ZnGa2O4) is a wide bandgap semiconductor material, showing broad application prospects in the fields of solar-blind ultraviolet photoelectric detection and X-ray detection for its wide bandgap, unique structure and good thermal stability. In this paper, based on the basic structural characteristics of ZnGa2O4, the bandgap, photoelectric properties of ZnGa2 O4, the preparation methods of ZnGa2O4 bulk single crystal and thin film are introduced in detail. Combined with the recent research results of domestic and foreign scholars, the application prospects of ZnGa2 O4 in many fields are summarized, especially the research progress of solar-blind ultraviolet photoelectric detection, memristor, X-ray detection and power devices. Finally, the future development direction of ZnGa2O4 is prospected, and it is pointed out that the quality and performance of ZnGa2O4materials can be further improved to improve device performance and meet higher level application requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rare Metals is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mannan is a kind of natural polysaccharide, which is widely distributed in yeast and plant tis‐ sues. As a feed additive, mannan can enhance humoral and cellular immunity, maintain intestinal bal‐ ance of nature and improve rumen function. In this paper, the physicochemical properties, preparation, determination, metabolic pathway and application of mannan were summarized, which provided reference value for the development and application of mannan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most coal-fired industrial flue gases contained low concentration CO. How to deal with it effectively was a research hotspot in recent years. Catalytic oxidation was considered as the most promising method in the 21st century for the removement of CO with the high efficiency, environmentally friendly, easy to operate and low cost. In this review, the reaction mechanisms of CO oxidation were described, which could provide ideas for the development of new catalysts. The effects of supports and preparation methods on catalysts activity was also reviewed systematically. In addition, some suggestions and outlooks were provided for future development of CO catalytic oxidation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polymer Materials Science & Engineering is the property of Sichuan University, Polymer Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Large volumes of wastewater containing toxic contaminants (e.g., heavy metal ions, organic dyes, etc.) are produced from industrial processes including electroplating, mining, petroleum exploitation, metal smelting, etc., and proper treatment prior to their discharge is mandatory in order to alleviate the impacts on aquatic ecosystems. Adsorption is one of the most effective and practical methods for removing toxic substances from wastewater due to its simplicity, flexibility, and economics. Recently, hierarchical oxide composites with diverse morphologies at the micro/nanometer scale, and the combination advantages of oxides and composite components have been received wide concern in the field of adsorption due to their multi-level structures, easy functionalization characteristic resulting in their large transport passages, high surface areas, full exposure of active sites, and good stability. This review summarizes the recent progress on their typical preparation methods, mainly including the hydrothermal/solvothermal method, coprecipitation method, template method, polymerization method, etc., in the field of selective adsorption and competitive adsorption of hazardous substances from wastewater. Their formation processes and different selective adsorption mechanisms, mainly including molecular/ion imprinting technology, surface charge effect, hard-soft acid-base theory, synergistic effect, and special functionalization, were critically reviewed. The key to hierarchical oxide composites research in the future is the development of facile, repeatable, efficient, and scale preparation methods and their dynamic adsorption with excellent cyclic regeneration adsorption performance instead of static adsorption for actual wastewater. This review is beneficial to broaden a new horizon for rational design and preparation of hierarchical oxide materials with selective adsorption of hazardous substances for wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The heat transfer mechanism of thermally conductive MXene-bassed composites; was; introduced, and their preparation methods; were reviewed, mainly including vacuum-as;s;is;ted filtration, freeze-drying orientation, ssolution blending, self-assembly, and multilayer casting. The characteristics of the thermally conductive MXene-based composites were analyzed, the challenges; they have to face were pointed out, and their development direction in future was; prosspected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent years have witnessed a surge in the application of microrobots within the medical sector, with hydrogel microrobots standing out due to their distinctive advantages. These microrobots, characterized by their exceptional biocompatibility, adjustable physico-mechanical attributes, and acute sensitivity to biological environments, have emerged as pivotal tools in advancing medical applications such as targeted drug delivery, wound healing enhancement, bio-imaging, and precise surgical interventions. The capability of hydrogel microrobots to navigate and perform tasks within complex biological systems significantly enhances the precision, efficiency, and safety of therapeutic procedures. Firstly, this paper delves into the material classification and properties of hydrogel microrobots and compares the advantages of different hydrogel materials. Furthermore, it offers a comprehensive review of the principal categories and recent innovations in the synthesis, actuation mechanisms, and biomedical application of hydrogel-based microrobots. Finally, the manuscript identifies prevailing obstacles and future directions in hydrogel microrobot research, aiming to furnish insights that could propel advancements in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

.The novel modified steel slag/wood-plastic composites were innovatively prepared by melt blending with melt pressure 4.8 MPa ascribed to simpler operation. The addition of modified steel slag could be grafted on the molecular chain of polyethylene and wood powder using melt blending, producing chemical correlations. Their higher flexural strengths in the range of 24.78~32.35 MPa in accordance with GB/T 24137-2009 were used as indoor and outdoor decorative panels. Especially, the wood-plastic composite with 16 wt.% modified steel slag possessed the most optimal tensile strength and flexural strength achieving 17.36 MPa and 32.35 MPa which increased by 16.1% and 9.1% compared with talc powder/wood-plastic composites, respectively. Moreover, modified steel slag containing aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide and phosphorus pentoxide combined with residual substances of polyethylene and wood powder, resulting in a rapidly condensed form as a protective shield during combustion, increasing char yields as well as heat resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Polymer Materials Science & Engineering is the property of Sichuan University, Polymer Research Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Synthetic Fiber Industry is the property of Sinopec Baling Petrochemical Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Polysaccharides and proteins are two important components in food. Combining plant protein with polysaccharides can give full play to their advantages, show new functional characteristics, and improve their shortcomings. In this review, the preparation and influencing factors of polysaccharides-plant proteins complex, the functional properties of the polysaccharide-plant protein complex and its application are introduced.

Objective: The preparation method of matrix reference materials of bifenthrin and cyhalothrin pesticide residues in green tea was established. Methods: Green tea samples were sprayed with biphenylthrin and cyhalothrin. The samples were crushed, screened, homogenized and bottled. After the homogeneity and stability tests, the quantity value was determined by three laboratories, and the uncertainty was evaluated. Results: The amount values of bifenthrin and cyhalothrin in green tea were (0.185±0.019 7) and (0.207±0.046 6) mg/kg with k=2, and the confidence interval was 95%. Conclusion: The developed matrix reference materials of bifenthrin and cyhalothrin in green tea are homogeneous and stable enough, and the calibration results are reliable.

Solid materials are contaminated by contaminants such as dust, dirt, grease and other contaminants that accumulate on their surfaces, which in turn leads to problems such as material wastage and malfunctioning. An effective method to address these problems is to apply a special wetting self-cleaning coating with superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic properties. In this paper, the theoretical wetting models, wetting parameters and lubrication behavior were elucidated starting from the theory of solid surface wettability; the working principles of superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic self-cleaning functions were explored. Additionally, the preparation methods, advantages and disadvantages of superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic self-cleaning coatings at home and abroad were introduced, as well as their multifunctional applications in the fields of photovoltaic power generation, anti-icing and anti-frost and metal corrosion protection. In conclusion, it was pointed out that there was an insufficient evaluation of the comprehensive performance of the coatings, including aspects such as stability and resistance to peeling. Moreover, consideration of the environmental factors relevant to their application was lacking. The prospects for further research on these coatings were also discussed.

The current research status of refractory high-entropy alloys（RHEAs） is reviewed，the composition design of RHEAs is described，and the effects of metal elements and non-metal elements on the structure and properties of RHEAs are summarized. In addition，the microstructure and mechanical properties of RHEAs under different preparation methods are described，and the strengthening mechanism of RHEAs matrix composites is discussed. The future development of RHEAs is prospected，and the following suggestions are put forward for its future research direction: enhancing of RHEAs by multiphase synergistic effects through the interface design between different phases；designing and optimizing the composition of RHEAs to develop RHEAs that are easy to process at room temperature；quickly screening the composition and microstructure of RHEAs by combining with high-throughput calculation methods；regulating and controlling the microstructure and structure of RHEAs by additive manufacturing technology；carrying out the configuration design of RHEAs matrix composites to balance the strength and plasticity of RHEAs matrix composites.

旨在为共轭亚麻酸（CLNA）在功能食品、保健品和药品等领域的应用提供科学的理论参考，综述了CLNA的生理功能和制备方法。CLNA具有抗癌、调节脂质代谢、抗炎、抗氧化、抗糖尿病等多种生理功能，在预防和治疗许多常见疾病中具有较大的研究潜力，特别是糖尿病、肥胖症以及乳腺癌、结肠癌等常见癌症。物理提取法制备CLNA时提取率较低，不适用于工业上大规模生产，化学合成法制备CLNA因需要底物和催化剂，后续纯化步骤烦琐，生物合成法和基因工程法可得到较高含量的CLNA，具有良好的发展前景。In order to provide scientific theoretical reference for the application of conjugated linolenic acid (CLNA) in the fields of functional foods, health products and medicines, the physiological function and preparation method of CLNA were reviewed.CLNA has a variety of physiological functions such as anti-cancer, regulating lipid metabolism, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetic and so on. CLNA has great potential in the prevention and treatment of many common diseases, especially diabetes, obesity, and common cancers such as breast cancer and colon cancer. The extraction rate of CLNA prepared by physical extraction method is low, and it is not suitable for large-scale production in industry. Due to the need of substrates and catalysts, the subsequent purification step of the preparation of CLNA by chemical synthesis method is cumbersome. The microbial method and genetic engineering method can obtain a higher content of CLNA, so it has a good prospect for development.

A2B2O7 oxides comprise four subcrystalline phase structures, which include the layered perovskite, pyrochlore, disordered defect fluorite, and rare‐earth C‐type structures. Herein, a series of A2B2O7 oxides have been synthesized using simple methods, and the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopic characteristics of their subcrystalline phase structures are systematically summarized. It was found that the rA/rB ratio can be used to correctly determine the subcrystalline phase structure of the A2B2O7 oxides when the A‐site ions are rare‐earth ions. Although the A‐site ions are the main‐group metal ions, the rA/rB ratio cannot be used to accurately determine probably due to f electrons. Raman spectroscopy proves to be the most effective method for determining the subcrystalline phase structure, which is followed by XRD. The characteristic Raman spectral bands of disordered defect fluorites are closely related to their B‐site ion oxides with fluorite phase structures. For these A2B2O7 oxides with rA/rB ratios located at the edge value possessing the same elemental composition, different subcrystalline phase structures have been prepared by adopting different synthesis methods and calcination temperatures. The crystal phase of A2B2O7 oxides comprising two types of subcrystalline structures with a lower disorder degree is more stable at high temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A co-curing resin system consisting of 9368 epoxy resin for prepreg and 6808 epoxy resin for resin transfer molding (RTM) was developed. A corresponding preparation method for a novel polymer composite bolted T-joint with internal skeleton and external skin was proposed based on the prepreg-RTM co-curing process, and novel T-joints were fabricated. A series of conventional configuration T-joints based on the RTM process and T-joints made of 2A12 aluminum alloy were prepared simultaneously. Bending performances were studied on these T-joints experimentally. The results indicate that 9368 epoxy resin and 6808 epoxy resin exhibit good compatibility in rheological and thermophysical properties. The novel T-joints prepared with the prepreg-RTM co-curing process show no obvious fiber local winding or resin-rich regions inside, and the interface quality between the internal skeleton and the external skin is excellent. The main failure modes of the novel T-joint under bending load include the separation of the skin and skeleton and the fracture along the thickness on the base panel; the skeleton carries the main bending load, but there is still load transfer between external skin and internal skeleton through their interface. The internal damages of the novel T-joint are highly consistent with surface damages observed visually, facilitating the detection and timely discovery of damages. The initial stiffness, damage initiation load, and ultimate load of the novel T-joint are 1.65 times, 5.89 times, and 3.45 times that of the conventional T-joint, respectively. When considering the influence of the density, the relative initial stiffness and relative ultimate load of the novel T-joint are 1.44 times and 2.07 times that of the aluminum alloy T-joint, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Ceramics / Taoci Xuebao is the property of Journal of Ceramics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The accumulation of alkali residue has led to significant contamination of soil, air, and water, posing a hazardous threat to the environment. To address this issue, a technology and method for producing alkali residue–based lightweight soil were proposed to facilitate the reuse of alkali residue, and the feasibility of this method was demonstrated. Compression tests, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were conducted to investigate the strength characteristics and hardening mechanism of the material. The results indicate that the compressive strength of the alkali residue–based lightweight soil increases linearly with wet density, age, content of portland cement, and ground granulated blast slag. The optimal water–solid ratio was determined to be 0.6. Specimens with low and high strength exhibited plastic and brittle failures, respectively. The primary contributors to the material's compressive strength were identified as hydrated calcium silicate, ettringite, monosulfur calcium sulfoaluminate hydrate, hydrated calcium aluminate, and Friedel's salt. The 28-d compressive strength of the alkali residue–based lightweight soil, with a water–solid ratio of 0.6 and a wet density of 800.0 kg/m3 , was measured to be 1.17 MPa, meeting the requirements for most filling projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a key means of protection, anti-corrosion coatings are widely used to extend the life of materials and structures and protect them from corrosion and damage. However, a single anticorrosive coating is often difficult to meet the multiple challenges in complex environments. In order to overcome the limitation of traditional anticorrosive coating, people began to seek new anticorrosive coating technology, functional composite anticorrosive coating came into being. The research progress, preparation methods, properties and practical application of anti-corrosion coatings are introduced. The types and composition of functional composite anti-corrosion coatings are described, the current status of functional composite anti-corrosion coatings is analyzed and summarized, and its application prospect is prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Machinery is the property of Food & Machinery Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AbstractTargeted gels have been attractive and regarded as a kind of promising adsorptive media for bioanalysis due to their advantages of high specific surface area, enough stability, and adjustable porous structure. Recently, targeted gel media have been applied for separation and enrichment of various biomolecules from different biological samples. Moreover, targeted gel media have been introduced into surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology to eliminate matrix effect for rapid and accurate analysis of biological samples. In this article, we introduced the preparation methods of targeted gel media including in-situ polymerization method, self-assembly method and one-pot method. Then, the functions of targeted gel media in bioanalysis including separation-enrichment media, SERS substrates, and target-responsive units were also reviewed in detail. Additionally, the applications of targeted gel media for biomarker analysis, bioimaging analysis and cell engineering were further discussed. Finally, we tried to elucidate the trend and perspective into the future landscape of targeted gel media for bioanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The key objective of the present review was to collect the latest literature on technological advancements towards microballoons as novelistic buoyant drug delivery systems. Microballoons are hollow microspheres with a potential approach for gastric retention, offering controlled release of the drugs. It offers prominent targeting of drugs in the stomach. More significantly, it is an anticipated drug delivery system in the gastrointestinal tract’s upper section. At a high pH environment, this drug delivery system improves the solubility of less soluble drugs. It is an innovative and authenticated drug delivery system, specifically for those drugs which are unable to tolerate the acidic pH. The microballoons are developed by several techniques like Solvent Evaporation, Solvent Diffusion-Evaporation, Solvent Diffusion and Spray Drying techniques, to develop the space of empty inner core. Moreover, this manuscript covers significance, limitations, applications, list of polymers used, characterization, formulation design and evaluation parameters of microballoons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]