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165 results on '"Qiu, Chunjing"'

1. Emerging multiscale insights on microbial carbon use efficiency in the land carbon cycle

Author

He, Xianjin, Abs, Elsa, Allison, Steven D, Tao, Feng, Huang, Yuanyuan, Manzoni, Stefano, Abramoff, Rose, Bruni, Elisa, Bowring, Simon PK, Chakrawal, Arjun, Ciais, Philippe, Elsgaard, Lars, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Georgiou, Katerina, Hugelius, Gustaf, Holm, Lasse Busk, Li, Wei, Luo, Yiqi, Marmasse, Gaëlle, Nunan, Naoise, Qiu, Chunjing, Sitch, Stephen, Wang, Ying-Ping, and Goll, Daniel S

Subjects
Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Biological Sciences, Forestry Sciences, Life on Land, Carbon Cycle, Soil Microbiology, Carbon, Soil, Ecosystem, Bacteria
Abstract

Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) affects the fate and storage of carbon in terrestrial ecosystems, but its global importance remains uncertain. Accurately modeling and predicting CUE on a global scale is challenging due to inconsistencies in measurement techniques and the complex interactions of climatic, edaphic, and biological factors across scales. The link between microbial CUE and soil organic carbon relies on the stabilization of microbial necromass within soil aggregates or its association with minerals, necessitating an integration of microbial and stabilization processes in modeling approaches. In this perspective, we propose a comprehensive framework that integrates diverse data sources, ranging from genomic information to traditional soil carbon assessments, to refine carbon cycle models by incorporating variations in CUE, thereby enhancing our understanding of the microbial contribution to carbon cycling.

Published
2024

5. ORCHIDEE-PEAT (revision 4596), a model for northern peatland CO2, water, and energy fluxes on daily to annual scales

Author

Qiu, Chunjing, Zhu, Dan, Ciais, Philippe, Guenet, Bertrand, Krinner, Gerhard, Peng, Shushi, Aurela, Mika, Bernhofer, Christian, Brümmer, Christian, Bret-Harte, Syndonia, Chu, Housen, Chen, Jiquan, Desai, Ankur R, Dušek, Jiří, Euskirchen, Eugénie S, Fortuniak, Krzysztof, Flanagan, Lawrence B, Friborg, Thomas, Grygoruk, Mateusz, Gogo, Sébastien, Grünwald, Thomas, Hansen, Birger U, Holl, David, Humphreys, Elyn, Hurkuck, Miriam, Kiely, Gerard, Klatt, Janina, Kutzbach, Lars, Largeron, Chloé, Laggoun-Défarge, Fatima, Lund, Magnus, Lafleur, Peter M, Li, Xuefei, Mammarella, Ivan, Merbold, Lutz, Nilsson, Mats B, Olejnik, Janusz, Ottosson-Löfvenius, Mikaell, Oechel, Walter, Parmentier, Frans-Jan W, Peichl, Matthias, Pirk, Norbert, Peltola, Olli, Pawlak, Włodzimierz, Rasse, Daniel, Rinne, Janne, Shaver, Gaius, Schmid, Hans Peter, Sottocornola, Matteo, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Sachs, Torsten, Urbaniak, Marek, Zona, Donatella, and Ziemblinska, Klaudia

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Earth sciences
Abstract

Peatlands store substantial amounts of carbon and are vulnerable to climate change. We present a modified version of the Organising Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic Ecosystems (ORCHIDEE) land surface model for simulating the hydrology, surface energy, and CO2 fluxes of peatlands on daily to annual timescales. The model includes a separate soil tile in each 0.5° grid cell, defined from a global peatland map and identified with peat-specific soil hydraulic properties. Runoff from non-peat vegetation within a grid cell containing a fraction of peat is routed to this peat soil tile, which maintains shallow water tables. The water table position separates oxic from anoxic decomposition. The model was evaluated against eddy-covariance (EC) observations from 30 northern peatland sites, with the maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax) being optimized at each site. Regarding short-term day-to-day variations, the model performance was good for gross primary production (GPP) (r2 Combining double low line 0.76; Nash-Sutcliffe modeling efficiency, MEF Combining double low line 0.76) and ecosystem respiration (ER, r2 Combining double low line 0.78, MEF Combining double low line 0.75), with lesser accuracy for latent heat fluxes (LE, r2 Combining double low line 0.42, MEF Combining double low line 0.14) and and net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE, r2 Combining double low line 0.38, MEF Combining double low line 0.26). Seasonal variations in GPP, ER, NEE, and energy fluxes on monthly scales showed moderate to high r2 values (0.57-0.86). For spatial across-site gradients of annual mean GPP, ER, NEE, and LE, r2 values of 0.93, 0.89, 0.27, and 0.71 were achieved, respectively. Water table (WT) variation was not well predicted (r2

Published
2018

10. Evaluation of effects of heat released from SOC decomposition on soil carbon stock and temperature.

Author

Huang, Ye, Huang, Lin, Qiu, Chunjing, and Ciais, Philippe

Subjects
GLOBAL warming, SOIL temperature, CLIMATE change mitigation, CLIMATE feedbacks, ATMOSPHERIC temperature
Abstract

Heat released from soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition (referred to as microbial heat hereafter) could alter the soil's thermal and hydrological conditions, subsequently modulate SOC decomposition and its feedback with climate. While understanding this feedback is crucial for shaping policy to achieve specific climate goal, it has not been comprehensively assessed. This study employs the ORCHIDEE‐MICT model to investigate the effects of microbial heat, referred to as heating effect, focusing on their impacts on SOC accumulation, soil temperature and net primary productivity (NPP), as well as implication on land‐climate feedback under two CO2 emissions scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5). The findings reveal that the microbial heat decreases soil carbon stock, predominantly in upper layers, and elevates soil temperatures, especially in deeper layers. This results in a marginal reduction in global SOC stocks due to accelerated SOC decomposition. Altered seasonal cycles of SOC decomposition and soil temperature are simulated, with the most significant temperature increase per unit of microbial heat (0.31 K J−1) occurring at around 273.15 K (median value of all grid cells where air temperature is around 273.15 K). The heating effect leads to the earlier loss of permafrost area under RCP8.5 and hinders its restoration under RCP2.6 after peak warming. Although elevated soil temperature under climate warming aligns with expectation, the anticipated accelerated SOC decomposition and large amplifying feedback on climate warming were not observed, mainly because of reduced modeled initial SOC stock and limited NPP with heating effect. These underscores the multifaceted impacts of microbial heat. Comprehensive understanding of these effects would be vital for devising effective climate change mitigation strategies in a warming world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Assessment of a tiling energy budget approach in a land surface model, ORCHIDEE-MICT (r8205).

Author

Xi, Yi, Qiu, Chunjing, Zhang, Yuan, Zhu, Dan, Peng, Shushi, Hugelius, Gustaf, Chang, Jinfeng, Salmon, Elodie, and Ciais, Philippe

Subjects
*ENERGY budget (Geophysics), *SOIL temperature, *BIOGEOCHEMICAL cycles, *HYDROLOGIC cycle, *SOIL moisture, *SURFACE temperature
Abstract

The surface energy budget plays a critical role in terrestrial hydrological and biogeochemical cycles. Nevertheless, its highly spatial heterogeneity across different vegetation types is still missing in the ORCHIDEE-MICT (ORganizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic EcosystEms–aMeliorated Interactions between Carbon and Temperature) land surface model. In this study, we describe the representation of a tiling energy budget in ORCHIDEE-MICT and assess its short-term and long-term impacts on energy, hydrology, and carbon processes. With the specific values of surface properties for each vegetation type, the new version presents warmer surface and soil temperatures (∼ 0.5 °C , + 3 %), wetter soil moisture (∼ 10 kgm-2 , + 2 %), and increased soil organic carbon storage (∼ 170 PgC , + 9 %) across the Northern Hemisphere. Despite reproducing the absolute values and spatial gradients of surface and soil temperatures from satellite and in situ observations, the considerable uncertainties in simulated soil organic carbon and hydrological processes prevent an obvious improvement in the temperature bias existing in the original ORCHIDEE-MICT model. However, the separation of sub-grid energy budgets in the new version improves permafrost simulation greatly by accounting for the presence of discontinuous permafrost types (∼ 3×106 km2), which will facilitate various permafrost-related studies in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. The consolidated European synthesis of CO2 emissions and removals for the European Union and United Kingdom: 1990–2020

Author

McGrath, Matthew J., primary, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, additional, Peylin, Philippe, additional, Andrew, Robbie M., additional, Matthews, Bradley, additional, Dentener, Frank, additional, Balkovič, Juraj, additional, Bastrikov, Vladislav, additional, Becker, Meike, additional, Broquet, Gregoire, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Fortems-Cheiney, Audrey, additional, Ganzenmüller, Raphael, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Harris, Ian, additional, Jones, Matthew, additional, Knauer, Jürgen, additional, Kuhnert, Matthias, additional, Monteil, Guillaume, additional, Munassar, Saqr, additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, additional, Tarasova, Oksana, additional, Vizzarri, Matteo, additional, Winkler, Karina, additional, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, additional, Berchet, Antoine, additional, Briggs, Peter, additional, Brockmann, Patrick, additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Conchedda, Giulia, additional, Crippa, Monica, additional, Dellaert, Stijn N. C., additional, Denier van der Gon, Hugo A. C., additional, Filipek, Sara, additional, Friedlingstein, Pierre, additional, Fuchs, Richard, additional, Gauss, Michael, additional, Gerbig, Christoph, additional, Guizzardi, Diego, additional, Günther, Dirk, additional, Houghton, Richard A., additional, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Lerink, Bas, additional, Luijkx, Ingrid T., additional, Moulas, Géraud, additional, Muntean, Marilena, additional, Nabuurs, Gert-Jan, additional, Paquirissamy, Aurélie, additional, Perugini, Lucia, additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, Pilli, Roberto, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Scholze, Marko, additional, Serengil, Yusuf, additional, Smith, Pete, additional, Solazzo, Efisio, additional, Thompson, Rona L., additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, and Walther, Sophia, additional

Published
2023
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20. The consolidated European synthesis of CH4 and N2O emissions for the European Union and United Kingdom: 1990-2019

Author

Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, Qiu, Chunjing, McGrath, Matthew J., Peylin, Philippe, Peters, Glen P., Ciais, Philippe, Thompson, Rona L., Tsuruta, Aki, Brunner, Dominik, Kuhnert, Matthias, Matthews, Bradley, Palmer, Paul I., Tarasova, Oksana, Regnier, Pierre, Lauerwald, Ronny, Bastviken, David, Hoeglund-Isaksson, Lena, Winiwarter, Wilfried, Etiope, Giuseppe, Aalto, Tuula, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Berchet, Antoine, Brockmann, Patrick, Ciotoli, Giancarlo, Conchedda, Giulia, Crippa, Monica, Dentener, Frank, Zwaaftink, Christine D. Groot, Guizzardi, Diego, Guenther, Dirk, Haussaire, Jean-Matthieu, Houweling, Sander, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Kouyate, Massaer, Leip, Adrian, Leppanen, Antti, Lugato, Emanuele, Maisonnier, Manon, Manning, Alistair J., Markkanen, Tiina, McNorton, Joe, Muntean, Marilena, Oreggioni, Gabriel D., Patra, Prabir K., Perugini, Lucia, Pison, Isabelle, Raivonen, Maarit T., Saunois, Marielle, Segers, Arjo J., Smith, Pete, Solazzo, Efisio, Tian, Hanqin, Tubiello, Francesco N., Vesala, Timo, van der Werf, Guido R., Wilson, Chris, Zaehle, Soenke, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, Qiu, Chunjing, McGrath, Matthew J., Peylin, Philippe, Peters, Glen P., Ciais, Philippe, Thompson, Rona L., Tsuruta, Aki, Brunner, Dominik, Kuhnert, Matthias, Matthews, Bradley, Palmer, Paul I., Tarasova, Oksana, Regnier, Pierre, Lauerwald, Ronny, Bastviken, David, Hoeglund-Isaksson, Lena, Winiwarter, Wilfried, Etiope, Giuseppe, Aalto, Tuula, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Berchet, Antoine, Brockmann, Patrick, Ciotoli, Giancarlo, Conchedda, Giulia, Crippa, Monica, Dentener, Frank, Zwaaftink, Christine D. Groot, Guizzardi, Diego, Guenther, Dirk, Haussaire, Jean-Matthieu, Houweling, Sander, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Kouyate, Massaer, Leip, Adrian, Leppanen, Antti, Lugato, Emanuele, Maisonnier, Manon, Manning, Alistair J., Markkanen, Tiina, McNorton, Joe, Muntean, Marilena, Oreggioni, Gabriel D., Patra, Prabir K., Perugini, Lucia, Pison, Isabelle, Raivonen, Maarit T., Saunois, Marielle, Segers, Arjo J., Smith, Pete, Solazzo, Efisio, Tian, Hanqin, Tubiello, Francesco N., Vesala, Timo, van der Werf, Guido R., Wilson, Chris, and Zaehle, Soenke

Abstract

Knowledge of the spatial distribution of the fluxes of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and their temporal variability as well as flux attribution to natural and anthropogenic processes is essential to monitoring the progress in mitigating anthropogenic emissions under the Paris Agreement and to inform its global stocktake. This study provides a consolidated synthesis of CH4 and N2O emissions using bottom-up (BU) and top-down (TD) approaches for the European Union and UK (EU27 + UK) and updates earlier syntheses (Petrescu et al., 2020, 2021). The work integrates updated emission inventory data, process-based model results, data-driven sector model results and inverse modeling estimates, and it extends the previous period of 1990-2017 to 2019. BU and TD products are compared with European national greenhouse gas inventories (NGHGIs) reported by parties under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2021. Uncertainties in NGHGIs, as reported to the UNFCCC by the EU and its member states, are also included in the synthesis. Variations in estimates produced with other methods, such as atmospheric inversion models (TD) or spatially disaggregated inventory datasets (BU), arise from diverse sources including within-model uncertainty related to parameterization as well as structural differences between models. By comparing NGHGIs with other approaches, the activities included are a key source of bias between estimates, e.g., anthropogenic and natural fluxes, which in atmospheric inversions are sensitive to the prior geospatial distribution of emissions. For CH4 emissions, over the updated 2015-2019 period, which covers a sufficiently robust number of overlapping estimates, and most importantly the NGHGIs, the anthropogenic BU approaches are directly comparable, accounting for mean emissions of 20.5 TgCH(4) yr(-1) (EDGARv6.0, last year 2018) and 18.4 TgCH(4) yr(-1) (GAINS, last year 2015), close to the NGHGI estimates of 17 :5 +/- 2 :1 TgCH(4) yr(-1). TD, Funding Agencies|European Commission, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (VER-IFY) [776810]; CLand Convergence Institute; Environment Research and Technology Development Fund of the Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency of Japan [JP-MEERF20182002]; H2020 project ESM2025 - Earth System Models for the Future [101003536]; European Research Council (ERC) [725546]; European Union [958927]; Finnish Academy [351311, 345531]; ERC consolidator grant QUINCY [647204]

Published
2023
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21. The consolidated European synthesis of CO2 emissions and removals for the European Union and United Kingdom: 1990-2020

Author

McGrath, Matthew J., Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, Peylin, Philippe, Andrew, Robbie M., Matthews, Bradley, Dentener, Frank, Balkovič, Juraj, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Becker, Meike, Broquet, Gregoire, Ciais, Philippe, Fortems-Cheiney, Audrey, Ganzenmüller, Raphael, Grassi, Giacomo, Harris, Ian, Jones, Matthew, Knauer, Jürgen, Kuhnert, Matthias, Monteil, Guillaume, Munassar, Saqr, Palmer, Paul I., Peters, Glen P., Qiu, Chunjing, Schelhaas, Mart Jan, Tarasova, Oksana, Vizzarri, Matteo, Winkler, Karina, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, Berchet, Antoine, Briggs, Peter, Brockmann, Patrick, Chevallier, Frédéric, Conchedda, Giulia, Crippa, Monica, Dellaert, Stijn N.C., Denier van der Gon, Hugo A.C., Filipek, Sara, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Fuchs, Richard, Gauss, Michael, Gerbig, Christoph, Guizzardi, Diego, Günther, Dirk, Houghton, Richard A., Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Lauerwald, Ronny, Lerink, Bas, Luijkx, Ingrid T., Moulas, Géraud, Muntean, Marilena, Nabuurs, Gert Jan, Paquirissamy, Aurélie, Perugini, Lucia, Peters, Wouter, Pilli, Roberto, Pongratz, Julia, Regnier, Pierre, Scholze, Marko, Serengil, Yusuf, Smith, Pete, Solazzo, Efisio, Thompson, Rona L., Tubiello, Francesco N., Vesala, Timo, Walther, Sophia, McGrath, Matthew J., Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, Peylin, Philippe, Andrew, Robbie M., Matthews, Bradley, Dentener, Frank, Balkovič, Juraj, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Becker, Meike, Broquet, Gregoire, Ciais, Philippe, Fortems-Cheiney, Audrey, Ganzenmüller, Raphael, Grassi, Giacomo, Harris, Ian, Jones, Matthew, Knauer, Jürgen, Kuhnert, Matthias, Monteil, Guillaume, Munassar, Saqr, Palmer, Paul I., Peters, Glen P., Qiu, Chunjing, Schelhaas, Mart Jan, Tarasova, Oksana, Vizzarri, Matteo, Winkler, Karina, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, Berchet, Antoine, Briggs, Peter, Brockmann, Patrick, Chevallier, Frédéric, Conchedda, Giulia, Crippa, Monica, Dellaert, Stijn N.C., Denier van der Gon, Hugo A.C., Filipek, Sara, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Fuchs, Richard, Gauss, Michael, Gerbig, Christoph, Guizzardi, Diego, Günther, Dirk, Houghton, Richard A., Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Lauerwald, Ronny, Lerink, Bas, Luijkx, Ingrid T., Moulas, Géraud, Muntean, Marilena, Nabuurs, Gert Jan, Paquirissamy, Aurélie, Perugini, Lucia, Peters, Wouter, Pilli, Roberto, Pongratz, Julia, Regnier, Pierre, Scholze, Marko, Serengil, Yusuf, Smith, Pete, Solazzo, Efisio, Thompson, Rona L., Tubiello, Francesco N., Vesala, Timo, and Walther, Sophia

Abstract

Quantification of land surface-atmosphere fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) and their trends and uncertainties is essential for monitoring progress of the EU27+UK bloc as it strives to meet ambitious targets determined by both international agreements and internal regulation. This study provides a consolidated synthesis of fossil sources (CO2 fossil) and natural (including formally managed ecosystems) sources and sinks over land (CO2 land) using bottom-up (BU) and top-down (TD) approaches for the European Union and United Kingdom (EU27+UK), updating earlier syntheses (Petrescu et al., 2020, 2021). Given the wide scope of the work and the variety of approaches involved, this study aims to answer essential questions identified in the previous syntheses and understand the differences between datasets, particularly for poorly characterized fluxes from managed and unmanaged ecosystems. The work integrates updated emission inventory data, process-based model results, data-driven categorical model results, and inverse modeling estimates, extending the previous period 1990-2018 to the year 2020 to the extent possible. BU and TD products are compared with the European national greenhouse gas inventory (NGHGI) reported by parties including the year 2019 under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The uncertainties of the EU27+UK NGHGI were evaluated using the standard deviation reported by the EU member states following the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and harmonized by gap-filling procedures. Variation in estimates produced with other methods, such as atmospheric inversion models (TD) or spatially disaggregated inventory datasets (BU), originate from within-model uncertainty related to parameterization as well as structural differences between models. By comparing the NGHGI with other approaches, key sources of differences between estimates arise primarily in activities. System boundaries and emission categorie

Published
2023

22. The consolidated European synthesis of CH4 and N2O emissions for the European Union and United Kingdom: 1990–2019

Author

Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, primary, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, McGrath, Matthew J., additional, Peylin, Philippe, additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Thompson, Rona L., additional, Tsuruta, Aki, additional, Brunner, Dominik, additional, Kuhnert, Matthias, additional, Matthews, Bradley, additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, Tarasova, Oksana, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Bastviken, David, additional, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, additional, Winiwarter, Wilfried, additional, Etiope, Giuseppe, additional, Aalto, Tuula, additional, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, additional, Bastrikov, Vladislav, additional, Berchet, Antoine, additional, Brockmann, Patrick, additional, Ciotoli, Giancarlo, additional, Conchedda, Giulia, additional, Crippa, Monica, additional, Dentener, Frank, additional, Groot Zwaaftink, Christine D., additional, Guizzardi, Diego, additional, Günther, Dirk, additional, Haussaire, Jean-Matthieu, additional, Houweling, Sander, additional, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, additional, Kouyate, Massaer, additional, Leip, Adrian, additional, Leppänen, Antti, additional, Lugato, Emanuele, additional, Maisonnier, Manon, additional, Manning, Alistair J., additional, Markkanen, Tiina, additional, McNorton, Joe, additional, Muntean, Marilena, additional, Oreggioni, Gabriel D., additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Perugini, Lucia, additional, Pison, Isabelle, additional, Raivonen, Maarit T., additional, Saunois, Marielle, additional, Segers, Arjo J., additional, Smith, Pete, additional, Solazzo, Efisio, additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, van der Werf, Guido R., additional, Wilson, Chris, additional, and Zaehle, Sönke, additional

Published
2023
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24. The consolidated European synthesis of CO2 emissions and removals for EU27 and UK: 1990–2020

Author

McGrath, Matthew Joseph, primary, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, additional, Peylin, Philippe, additional, Andrew, Robbie M., additional, Matthews, Bradley, additional, Dentener, Frank, additional, Balkovič, Juraj, additional, Bastrikov, Vladislav, additional, Becker, Meike, additional, Broquet, Gregoire, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Fortems, Audrey, additional, Ganzenmüller, Raphael, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Harris, Ian, additional, Jones, Matthew, additional, Knauer, Juergen, additional, Kuhnert, Matthias, additional, Monteil, Guillaume, additional, Munassar, Saqr, additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, additional, Tarasova, Oksana, additional, Vizzarri, Matteo, additional, Winkler, Karina, additional, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, additional, Berchet, Antoine, additional, Briggs, Peter, additional, Brockmann, Patrick, additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Conchedda, Giulia, additional, Crippa, Monica, additional, Dellaert, Stijn, additional, Denier van der Gon, Hugo A. C., additional, Filipek, Sara, additional, Friedlingstein, Pierre, additional, Fuchs, Richard, additional, Gauss, Michael, additional, Gerbig, Christoph, additional, Guizzardi, Diego, additional, Günther, Dirk, additional, Houghton, Richard A., additional, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Lerink, Bas, additional, Luijkx, Ingrid T., additional, Moulas, Géraud, additional, Muntean, Marilena, additional, Nabuurs, Gert-Jan, additional, Paquirissamy, Aurélie, additional, Perugini, Lucia, additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, Pilli, Roberto, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Scholze, Marko, additional, Serengil, Yusuf, additional, Smith, Pete, additional, Solazzo, Efisio, additional, Thompson, Rona L., additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, and Walther, Sophia, additional

Published
2023
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25. Supplementary material to "The consolidated European synthesis of CO2 emissions and removals for EU27 and UK: 1990–2020"

Author

McGrath, Matthew Joseph, primary, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, additional, Peylin, Philippe, additional, Andrew, Robbie M., additional, Matthews, Bradley, additional, Dentener, Frank, additional, Balkovič, Juraj, additional, Bastrikov, Vladislav, additional, Becker, Meike, additional, Broquet, Gregoire, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Fortems, Audrey, additional, Ganzenmüller, Raphael, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Harris, Ian, additional, Jones, Matthew, additional, Knauer, Juergen, additional, Kuhnert, Matthias, additional, Monteil, Guillaume, additional, Munassar, Saqr, additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, additional, Tarasova, Oksana, additional, Vizzarri, Matteo, additional, Winkler, Karina, additional, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, additional, Berchet, Antoine, additional, Briggs, Peter, additional, Brockmann, Patrick, additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Conchedda, Giulia, additional, Crippa, Monica, additional, Dellaert, Stijn, additional, Denier van der Gon, Hugo A. C., additional, Filipek, Sara, additional, Friedlingstein, Pierre, additional, Fuchs, Richard, additional, Gauss, Michael, additional, Gerbig, Christoph, additional, Guizzardi, Diego, additional, Günther, Dirk, additional, Houghton, Richard A., additional, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Lerink, Bas, additional, Luijkx, Ingrid T., additional, Moulas, Géraud, additional, Muntean, Marilena, additional, Nabuurs, Gert-Jan, additional, Paquirissamy, Aurélie, additional, Perugini, Lucia, additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, Pilli, Roberto, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Scholze, Marko, additional, Serengil, Yusuf, additional, Smith, Pete, additional, Solazzo, Efisio, additional, Thompson, Rona L., additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, and Walther, Sophia, additional

Published
2023
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27. The consolidated European synthesis of CH4 and N2O emissions for EU27 and UK: 1990–2019

Author

Petrescu, Ana-Maria-Roxana, Qiu, Chunjing, McGrath, M.J., Peylin, Philippe, P. Peters, Glen, Ciais, P., Thompson, Rona L., Tsuruta, Aki, Brunner, Dominik, Kuhnert, Matthias, Matthews, Bradley, Palmer, Paul I., Tarasova, Oksana, Regnier, Pierre, Lauerwald, Ronny, Bastviken, David, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, Winiwarter, Wilfried, Etiope, Giuseppe, Aalto, Tuula, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Berchet, Antoine, Brockmann, Patrick, Ciotoli, Giancarlo, Conchedda, Giulia, Crippa, Monica, Dentener, Frank J., Groot Zwaaftink, Christine D., Guizzardi, Diego, Günther, Dirk, Haussaire, Jean-Matthieu, Houweling, Sander, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Kouyate, Massaer, Leip, Adrian, Leppänen, Antti, Lugato, Emanuele, Maisonnier, Manon, Manning, Alistair J., Markkanen, Tiina, McNorton, Joe, Muntean, Marilena, Oreggioni, Gabriel D., Patra, Prabir K., Perugini, Lucia, Pison, Isabelle, Raivonen, Maarit T., Saunois, Marielle, Segers, Arjo, Smith, Pete, Solazzo, Efisio, Tian, Hanqin, N. Tubiello, Francesco, Vesala, Timo, van der Werf, Guido, Wilson, Chris, and Zaehle, Sönke

Abstract

Knowledge of the spatial distribution of the fluxes of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and their temporal variability as well as flux attribution to natural and anthropogenic processes is essential to monitoring the progress in mitigating anthropogenic emissions under the Paris Agreement and to inform its global stocktake. This study provides a consolidated synthesis of CH4 and N2O emissions using bottom-up (BU) and top-down (TD) approaches for the European Union and UK (EU27 + UK) and updates earlier syntheses (Petrescu et al., 2020, 2021). The work integrates updated emission inventory data, process-based model results, data-driven sector model results and inverse modeling estimates, and it extends the previous period of 1990–2017 to 2019. BU and TD products are compared with European national greenhouse gas inventories (NGHGIs) reported by parties under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2021. Uncertainties in NGHGIs, as reported to the UNFCCC by the EU and its member states, are also included in the synthesis. Variations in estimates produced with other methods, such as atmospheric inversion models (TD) or spatially disaggregated inventory datasets (BU), arise from diverse sources including within-model uncertainty related to parameterization as well as structural differences between models. By comparing NGHGIs with other approaches, the activities included are a key source of bias between estimates, e.g., anthropogenic and natural fluxes, which in atmospheric inversions are sensitive to the prior geospatial distribution of emissions. For CH4 emissions, over the updated 2015–2019 period, which covers a sufficiently robust number of overlapping estimates, and most importantly the NGHGIs, the anthropogenic BU approaches are directly comparable, accounting for mean emissions of 20.5 Tg CH4 yr−1 (EDGARv6.0, last year 2018) and 18.4 Tg CH4 yr−1 (GAINS, last year 2015), close to the NGHGI estimates of 17.5±2.1 Tg CH4 yr−1. TD inversion estimates give higher emission estimates, as they also detect natural emissions. Over the same period, high-resolution regional TD inversions report a mean emission of 34 Tg CH4 yr−1. Coarser-resolution global-scale TD inversions result in emission estimates of 23 and 24 Tg CH4 yr−1 inferred from GOSAT and surface (SURF) network atmospheric measurements, respectively. The magnitude of natural peatland and mineral soil emissions from the JSBACH–HIMMELI model, natural rivers, lake and reservoir emissions, geological sources, and biomass burning together could account for the gap between NGHGI and inversions and account for 8 Tg CH4 yr−1. For N2O emissions, over the 2015–2019 period, both BU products (EDGARv6.0 and GAINS) report a mean value of anthropogenic emissions of 0.9 Tg N2O yr−1, close to the NGHGI data (0.8±55 % Tg N2O yr−1). Over the same period, the mean of TD global and regional inversions was 1.4 Tg N2O yr−1 (excluding TOMCAT, which reported no data). The TD and BU comparison method defined in this study can be operationalized for future annual updates for the calculation of CH4 and N2O budgets at the national and EU27 + UK scales. Future comparability will be enhanced with further steps involving analysis at finer temporal resolutions and estimation of emissions over intra-annual timescales, which is of great importance for CH4 and N2O, and may help identify sector contributions to divergence between prior and posterior estimates at the annual and/or inter-annual scale. Even if currently comparison between CH4 and N2O inversion estimates and NGHGIs is highly uncertain because of the large spread in the inversion results, TD inversions inferred from atmospheric observations represent the most independent data against which inventory totals can be compared. With anticipated improvements in atmospheric modeling and observations, as well as modeling of natural fluxes, TD inversions may arguably emerge as the most powerful tool for verifying emission inventories for CH4, N2O and other GHGs. The referenced datasets related to figures are visualized at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7553800 (Petrescu et al., 2023).

Published
2023
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28. The consolidated European synthesis of CO2 emissions and removals for EU27 and UK: 1990–2020

Author

McGrath, Matthew Joseph, Petrescu, Ana-Maria-Roxana, Peylin, Philippe, Andrew, Robbie M., Matthews, Bradley, Dentener, Frank J., Balkovič, Juraj, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Becker, Meike, Broquet, Gregoire, Ciais, Philippe, Fortems-Cheiney, Audrey, Ganzenmüller, Raphael, Grassi, Giacomo, Harris, Ian, Jones, Matthew W., Knauer, Jürgen, Kuhnert, Matthias, Monteil, Guillaume, Munassar, Saqr, Palmer, Paul I., Peters, Glen P., Qiu, Chunjing, Schelhaas, Mart Jan, Tarasova, Oksana A., Vizzarri, Matteo, Winkler, Karina, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, Berchet, Antoine, Briggs, Peter, Brockmann, Patrick, Chevallier, Frederic, Conchedda, Giulia, Crippa, Monica, Dellaert, Stijn, A. C. Denier Van Der Gon, Hugo, Filipek, Sara, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Fuchs, Richard, Gauss, Michael, Gerbig, Christoph, Guizzardi, Diego, Günther, Dirk, Houghton, Richard A., Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Lauerwald, Ronny, Lerink, Bas, Van Der Laan-Luijkx, Ingrid T., Moulas, Geraud, Muntean, Marilena, Nabuurs, Gert Jan, Paquirissamy, Aurélie, Perugini, Lucia, Peters, Wouter, Pilli, Roberto, Pongratz, Julia, Regnier, Pierre, Scholze, Marko, Serengil, Yusuf, Smith, Pete, Solazzo, Efisio, Thompson, Rona L., N. Tubiello, Francesco, Vesala, Timo, and Walther, Sophia

Published
2023

29. The consolidated European synthesis of CH4 and N2O emissions for EU27 and UK: 1990-2019

Author

Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, Qiu, Chunjing, McGrath, Matthew J., Peylin, Philippe, Peters, Glen P., Ciais, Philippe, Thompson, Rona L., Tsuruta, Aki, Brunner, Dominik, Kuhnert, Matthias, Matthews, Bradley, Palmer, Paul I., Tarasova, Oksana, Regnier, Pierre, Lauerwald, Ronny, Bastviken, David, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, Winiwarter, Wilfried, Etiope, Giuseppe, Aalto, Tuula, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Berchet, Antoine, Brockmann, Patrick, Ciotoli, Giancarlo, Conchedda, Giulia, Crippa, Monica, Dentener, Frank, Groot Zwaaftink, Christine D., Guizzardi, Diego, Günther, Dirk, Haussaire, Jean-Matthieu, Houweling, Sander, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Kouyate, Massaer, Leip, Adrian, Leppänen, Antti, Lugato, Emanuele, Maisonnier, Manon, Markkanen, Tiina, McNorton, Joe, Muntean, Marilena, Oreggioni, Gabriel D., Patra, Prabir K., Perugini, Lucia, Pison, Isabelle, Raivonen, Maarit T., Saunois, Marielle, Smith, Pete, Solazzo, Efisio, Tian, Hanqin, Tubiello, Francesco N., Vesala, Timo, Wilson, Chris, Zaehle, Sönke, Segers, Arjo J., and Manning, Alistair J.

Subjects
methane, nitrous oxide, european synthesis, bottom-up estimates, inversions
Abstract

This repository contains the data files used for figures, and five updated figuresfrom essd-2022-287 Title: The consolidated European synthesis of CH4 and N2O emissions for EU27 and UK: 1990-2019 Author(s): Ana Maria Roxana Petrescu, Chunjing Qiu, Matthew J. McGrath, Philippe Peylin, Glen P. Peters, Philippe Ciais, Rona L. Thompson, Aki Tsuruta, Dominik Brunner, Matthias Kuhnert, Bradley Matthews, Paul I. Palmer, Oksana Tarasova, Pierre Regnier, Ronny Lauerwald, David Bastviken, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Wilfried Winiwarter, Giuseppe Etiope, Tuula Aalto, Gianpaolo Balsamo, Vladislav Bastrikov, Antoine Berchet, Patrick Brockmann, Giancarlo Ciotoli, Giulia Conchedda, Monica Crippa, Frank Dentener, Christine D. Groot Zwaaftink, Diego Guizzardi, Dirk Günther, Jean-Matthieu Haussaire, Sander Houweling, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Massaer Kouyate, Adrian Leip, Antti Leppänen, Emanuele Lugato, Manon Maisonnier, Alistair J. Manning, Tiina Markkanen, Joe McNorton, Marilena Muntean, Gabriel D. Oreggioni, Prabir K. Patra, Lucia Perugini, Isabelle Pison, Maarit T. Raivonen, Marielle Saunois, Arjo J. Segers, Pete Smith, Efisio Solazzo, Hanqin Tian, Francesco N. Tubiello, Timo Vesala, Chris W ilson, and Sönke Zaehle MS type: Review article The data and the DOI numberrefers to the updated version which include the two review comments

Published
2023
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30. The consolidated European synthesis of CH4 and N2O emissions for EU27 and UK: 1990-2020

Author

Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, Qiu, Chunjing, McGrath, Matthew J., Peylin, Philippe, Peters, Glen P., Ciais, Philippe, Thompson, Rona L., Tsuruta, Aki, Brunner, Dominik, Kuhnert, Matthias, Matthews, Bradley, Palmer, Paul I., Tarasova, Oksana, Regnier, Pierre, Lauerwald, Ronny, Bastviken, David, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, Winiwarter, Wilfried, Etiope, Giuseppe, Aalto, Tuula, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Berchet, Antoine, Brockmann, Patrick, Ciotoli, Giancarlo, Conchedda, Giulia, Crippa, Monica, Dentener, Frank, Groot Zwaaftink, Christine D., Guizzardi, Diego, Günther, Dirk, Haussaire, Jean-Matthieu, Houweling, Sander, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Kouyate, Massaer, Leip, Adrian, Leppänen, Antti, Lugato, Emanuele, Maisonnier, Manon, Markkanen, Tiina, McNorton, Joe, Muntean, Marilena, Oreggioni, Gabriel D., Patra, Prabir K., Perugini, Lucia, Pison, Isabelle, Raivonen, Maarit T., Saunois, Marielle, Smith, Pete, Solazzo, Efisio, Tian, Hanqin, Tubiello, Francesco N., Vesala, Timo, Wilson, Chris, Zaehle, Sönke, Segers, Arjo J., and Manning, Alistair J.

Subjects
methane, nitrous oxide, european synthesis, bottom-up estimates, inversions
Abstract

This repository contains the data files used for the figures in essd-2022-287 Title: The consolidated European synthesis of CH4 and N2O emissions for EU27 and UK: 1990-2020 Author(s): Ana Maria Roxana Petrescu, Chunjing Qiu, Matthew J. McGrath, Philippe Peylin, Glen P. Peters, Philippe Ciais, Rona L. Thompson, Aki Tsuruta, Dominik Brunner, Matthias Kuhnert, Bradley Matthews, Paul I. Palmer, Oksana Tarasova, Pierre Regnier, Ronny Lauerwald, David Bastviken, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Wilfried Winiwarter, Giuseppe Etiope, Tuula Aalto, Gianpaolo Balsamo, Vladislav Bastrikov, Antoine Berchet, Patrick Brockmann, Giancarlo Ciotoli, Giulia Conchedda, Monica Crippa, Frank Dentener, Christine D. Groot Zwaaftink, Diego Guizzardi, Dirk Günther, Jean-Matthieu Haussaire, Sander Houweling, Greet Janssens-Maenhout, Massaer Kouyate, Adrian Leip, Antti Leppänen, Emanuele Lugato, Manon Maisonnier, Alistair J. Manning, Tiina Markkanen, Joe McNorton, Marilena Muntean, Gabriel D. Oreggioni, Prabir K. Patra, Lucia Perugini, Isabelle Pison, Maarit T. Raivonen, Marielle Saunois, Arjo J. Segers, Pete Smith, Efisio Solazzo, Hanqin Tian, Francesco N. Tubiello, Timo Vesala, Chris W ilson, and Sönke Zaehle MS type: Review article The data and the DOI number are subject to future updates and only refers to this initial, first submission, version of the paper.

Published
2022
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31. Supplementary material to "The consolidated European synthesis of CH4 and N2O emissions for EU27 and UK: 1990–2020"

Author

Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, primary, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, McGrath, Matthew J., additional, Peylin, Philippe, additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Thompson, Rona L., additional, Tsuruta, Aki, additional, Brunner, Dominik, additional, Kuhnert, Matthias, additional, Matthews, Bradley, additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, Tarasova, Oksana, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Bastviken, David, additional, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, additional, Winiwarter, Wilfried, additional, Etiope, Giuseppe, additional, Aalto, Tuula, additional, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, additional, Bastrikov, Vladislav, additional, Berchet, Antoine, additional, Brockmann, Patrick, additional, Ciotoli, Giancarlo, additional, Conchedda, Giulia, additional, Crippa, Monica, additional, Dentener, Frank, additional, Groot Zwaaftink, Christine D., additional, Guizzardi, Diego, additional, Günther, Dirk, additional, Haussaire, Jean-Matthieu, additional, Houweling, Sander, additional, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, additional, Kouyate, Massaer, additional, Leip, Adrian, additional, Leppänen, Antti, additional, Lugato, Emanuele, additional, Maisonnier, Manon, additional, Manning, Alistair J., additional, Markkanen, Tiina, additional, McNorton, Joe, additional, Muntean, Marilena, additional, Oreggioni, Gabriel D., additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Perugini, Lucia, additional, Pison, Isabelle, additional, Raivonen, Maarit T., additional, Saunois, Marielle, additional, Segers, Arjo J., additional, Smith, Pete, additional, Solazzo, Efisio, additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, Wilson, Chris, additional, and Zaehle, Sönke, additional

Published
2022
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32. The consolidated European synthesis of CH4 and N2O emissions for EU27 and UK: 1990–2020

Author

Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, primary, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, McGrath, Matthew J., additional, Peylin, Philippe, additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Thompson, Rona L., additional, Tsuruta, Aki, additional, Brunner, Dominik, additional, Kuhnert, Matthias, additional, Matthews, Bradley, additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, Tarasova, Oksana, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Bastviken, David, additional, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, additional, Winiwarter, Wilfried, additional, Etiope, Giuseppe, additional, Aalto, Tuula, additional, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, additional, Bastrikov, Vladislav, additional, Berchet, Antoine, additional, Brockmann, Patrick, additional, Ciotoli, Giancarlo, additional, Conchedda, Giulia, additional, Crippa, Monica, additional, Dentener, Frank, additional, Groot Zwaaftink, Christine D., additional, Guizzardi, Diego, additional, Günther, Dirk, additional, Haussaire, Jean-Matthieu, additional, Houweling, Sander, additional, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, additional, Kouyate, Massaer, additional, Leip, Adrian, additional, Leppänen, Antti, additional, Lugato, Emanuele, additional, Maisonnier, Manon, additional, Manning, Alistair J., additional, Markkanen, Tiina, additional, McNorton, Joe, additional, Muntean, Marilena, additional, Oreggioni, Gabriel D., additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Perugini, Lucia, additional, Pison, Isabelle, additional, Raivonen, Maarit T., additional, Saunois, Marielle, additional, Segers, Arjo J., additional, Smith, Pete, additional, Solazzo, Efisio, additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, Wilson, Chris, additional, and Zaehle, Sönke, additional

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2022
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33. Lowering water table reduces carbon sink strength and carbon stocks in northern peatlands

Author

Kwon, Min Jung, primary, Ballantyne, Ashley, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, Salmon, Elodie, additional, Raoult, Nina, additional, Guenet, Bertrand, additional, Göckede, Mathias, additional, Euskirchen, Eugénie S., additional, Nykänen, Hannu, additional, Schuur, Edward A. G., additional, Turetsky, Merritt R., additional, Dieleman, Catherine M., additional, Kane, Evan S., additional, and Zona, Donatella, additional

Published
2022
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34. Definitions and methods to estimate regional land carbon fluxes for the second phase of the REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Project (RECCAP-2)

Author

Ciais, Philippe, Bastos, Ana, Chevallier, Frédéric, Lauerwald, Ronny, Poulter, Ben, Canadell, Josep G., Hugelius, Gustaf, Jackson, Robert B., Jain, Atul, Jones, Matthew, Kondo, Masayuki, Luijkx, Ingrid T., Patra, Prabir K., Peters, Wouter, Pongratz, Julia, Petrescu, A. M. Roxana, Piao, Shilong, Qiu, Chunjing, Von Randow, Celso, Regnier, Pierre, Saunois, Marielle, Scholes, Robert, Shvidenko, Anatoly, Tian, Hanqin, Yang, Hui, Wang, Xuhui, Zheng, Bo, Ciais, Philippe, Bastos, Ana, Chevallier, Frédéric, Lauerwald, Ronny, Poulter, Ben, Canadell, Josep G., Hugelius, Gustaf, Jackson, Robert B., Jain, Atul, Jones, Matthew, Kondo, Masayuki, Luijkx, Ingrid T., Patra, Prabir K., Peters, Wouter, Pongratz, Julia, Petrescu, A. M. Roxana, Piao, Shilong, Qiu, Chunjing, Von Randow, Celso, Regnier, Pierre, Saunois, Marielle, Scholes, Robert, Shvidenko, Anatoly, Tian, Hanqin, Yang, Hui, Wang, Xuhui, and Zheng, Bo

Abstract

Regional land carbon budgets provide insights into the spatial distribution of the land uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide and can be used to evaluate carbon cycle models and to define baselines for land-based additional mitigation efforts. The scientific community has been involved in providing observation-based estimates of regional carbon budgets either by downscaling atmospheric CO2 observations into surface fluxes with atmospheric inversions, by using inventories of carbon stock changes in terrestrial ecosystems, by upscaling local field observations such as flux towers with gridded climate and remote sensing fields, or by integrating data-driven or process-oriented terrestrial carbon cycle models. The first coordinated attempt to collect regional carbon budgets for nine regions covering the entire globe in the RECCAP-1 project has delivered estimates for the decade 2000–2009, but these budgets were not comparable between regions due to different definitions and component fluxes being reported or omitted. The recent recognition of lateral fluxes of carbon by human activities and rivers that connect CO2 uptake in one area with its release in another also requires better definitions and protocols to reach harmonized regional budgets that can be summed up to a globe scale and compared with the atmospheric CO2 growth rate and inversion results. In this study, using the international initiative RECCAP-2 coordinated by the Global Carbon Project, which aims to be an update to regional carbon budgets over the last 2 decades based on observations for 10 regions covering the globe with a better harmonization than the precursor project, we provide recommendations for using atmospheric inversion results to match bottom-up carbon accounting and models, and we define the different component fluxes of the net land atmosphere carbon exchange that should be reported by each research group in charge of each region. Special attention is given to lateral fluxes, inland water flu

Published
2022
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35. A strong mitigation scenario maintains climate neutrality of northern peatlands

Author

Qiu, Chunjing, Ciais, Philippe, Zhu, Dan, Guenet, Bertrand, Chang, Jinfeng, Chaudhary, Nitin, Kleinen, Thomas, Li, XinYu, Müller, Jurek, Xi, Yi, Zhang, Wenxin, Ballantyne, Ashley, Brewer, Simon C., Brovkin, Victor, Charman, Dan J., Gustafson, Adrian, Gallego-Sala, Angela, Gasser, Thomas, Holden, Joseph, Joos, Fortunat, Kwon, Min Jung, Lauerwald, Ronny, Miller, Paul A., Peng, Shushi, Page, Susan, Smith, Benjamin, Stocker, Benjamin D., Sannel, A. Britta K., Salmon, Elodie, Schurgers, Guy, Shurpali, Narasinha J., Wårlind, David, Westermann, Sebastian, Qiu, Chunjing, Ciais, Philippe, Zhu, Dan, Guenet, Bertrand, Chang, Jinfeng, Chaudhary, Nitin, Kleinen, Thomas, Li, XinYu, Müller, Jurek, Xi, Yi, Zhang, Wenxin, Ballantyne, Ashley, Brewer, Simon C., Brovkin, Victor, Charman, Dan J., Gustafson, Adrian, Gallego-Sala, Angela, Gasser, Thomas, Holden, Joseph, Joos, Fortunat, Kwon, Min Jung, Lauerwald, Ronny, Miller, Paul A., Peng, Shushi, Page, Susan, Smith, Benjamin, Stocker, Benjamin D., Sannel, A. Britta K., Salmon, Elodie, Schurgers, Guy, Shurpali, Narasinha J., Wårlind, David, and Westermann, Sebastian

Abstract

Northern peatlands store 300-600 Pg C, of which approximately half are underlain by permafrost. Climate warming and, in some regions, soil drying from enhanced evaporation are progressively threatening this large carbon stock. Here, we assess future CO2 and CH4 fluxes from northern peatlands using five land surface models that explicitly include representation of peatland processes. Under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, northern peatlands are projected to remain a net sink of CO2 and climate neutral for the next three centuries. A shift to a net CO2 source and a substantial increase in CH4 emissions are projected under RCP8.5, which could exacerbate global warming by 0.21 degrees C (range, 0.09-0.49 degrees C) by the year 2300. The true warming impact of peatlands might be higher owing to processes not simulated by the models and direct anthropogenic disturbance. Our study highlights the importance of understanding how future warming might trigger high carbon losses from northern peatlands.

Published
2022
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36. Data for the consolidated European synthesis of CO2 emissions and removals for EU27 and UK: 1990-2020

Author

McGrath, Matthew Joseph, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, Peylin, Philippe, Andrew, Robbie M., Matthews, Bradley, Dentener, Frank, Balkovič, Juraj, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Becker, Meike, Broquet, Gregoire, Ciais, Philippe, Fortems, Audrey, Ganzenmüller, Raphael, Grassi, Giacomo, Harris, Ian, Jones, Matthew, Knauer, Juergen, Kuhnert, Matthias, Monteil, Guillaume, Munassar, Saqr, Palmer, Paul I., Peters, Glen P., Qiu, Chunjing, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, Tarasova, Oksana, Vizzarri, Matteo, Winkler, Karina, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, Berchet, Antoine, Briggs, Peter, Brockmann, Patrick, Chevallier, Frédéric, Conchedda, Giulia, Crippa, Monica, Dellaert, Stijn, Denier van der Gon, Hugo A.C., Filipek, Sara, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Fuchs, Richard, Gauss, Michael, Gerbig, Christoph, Guizzardi, Diego, Günther, Dirk, Houghton, Richard A., Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Lauerwald, Ronny, Lerink, Bas, Luijkx, Ingrid T., Moulas, Géraud, Muntean, Marilena, Nabuurs, Gert-Jan, Paquirissamy, Aurélie, Perugini, Lucia, Peters, Wouter, Pilli, Roberto, Pongratz, Julia, Regnier, Pierre, Scholze, Marko, Serengil, Yusuf, Smith, Pete, Solazzo, Efisio, Thompson, Rona L., Tubiello, Francesco N., Vesala, Timo, Walther, Sophia, McGrath, Matthew Joseph, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, Peylin, Philippe, Andrew, Robbie M., Matthews, Bradley, Dentener, Frank, Balkovič, Juraj, Bastrikov, Vladislav, Becker, Meike, Broquet, Gregoire, Ciais, Philippe, Fortems, Audrey, Ganzenmüller, Raphael, Grassi, Giacomo, Harris, Ian, Jones, Matthew, Knauer, Juergen, Kuhnert, Matthias, Monteil, Guillaume, Munassar, Saqr, Palmer, Paul I., Peters, Glen P., Qiu, Chunjing, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, Tarasova, Oksana, Vizzarri, Matteo, Winkler, Karina, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, Berchet, Antoine, Briggs, Peter, Brockmann, Patrick, Chevallier, Frédéric, Conchedda, Giulia, Crippa, Monica, Dellaert, Stijn, Denier van der Gon, Hugo A.C., Filipek, Sara, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Fuchs, Richard, Gauss, Michael, Gerbig, Christoph, Guizzardi, Diego, Günther, Dirk, Houghton, Richard A., Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Lauerwald, Ronny, Lerink, Bas, Luijkx, Ingrid T., Moulas, Géraud, Muntean, Marilena, Nabuurs, Gert-Jan, Paquirissamy, Aurélie, Perugini, Lucia, Peters, Wouter, Pilli, Roberto, Pongratz, Julia, Regnier, Pierre, Scholze, Marko, Serengil, Yusuf, Smith, Pete, Solazzo, Efisio, Thompson, Rona L., Tubiello, Francesco N., Vesala, Timo, and Walther, Sophia

Abstract

The annual carbon dioxide fluxes used to create all graphs in the main text of McGrath et al, "European synthesis of CO2 emissions and removals for EU27 and UK: 1990-2020", submitted to Earth System Science Data.

Published
2022

37. Comparing national greenhouse gas budgets reported in UNFCCC inventories against atmospheric inversions

Author

Deng, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Tzompa-Sosa, Zitely A., Saunois, Marielle, Qiu, Chunjing, Tan, Chang, Sun, Taochun, Ke, Piyu, Cui, Yanan, Tanaka, Katsumasa, Lin, Xin, Thompson, Rona L., Tian, Hanqin, Yao, Yuanzhi, Huang, Yuanyuan, Lauerwald, Ronny, Jain, Atul K., Xu, Xiaoming, Bastos, Ana, Sitch, Stephen, Palmer, Paul I., Lauvaux, Thomas, D'aspremont, Alexandre, Giron, Clément, Benoit, Antoine, Poulter, Benjamin, Chang, Jinfeng, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, Davis, Steven J., Liu, Zhu, Grassi, Giacomo, Albergel, Clément, Tubiello, Francesco N., Perugini, Lucia, Peters, Wouter, Chevallier, Frédéric, Deng, Zhu, Ciais, Philippe, Tzompa-Sosa, Zitely A., Saunois, Marielle, Qiu, Chunjing, Tan, Chang, Sun, Taochun, Ke, Piyu, Cui, Yanan, Tanaka, Katsumasa, Lin, Xin, Thompson, Rona L., Tian, Hanqin, Yao, Yuanzhi, Huang, Yuanyuan, Lauerwald, Ronny, Jain, Atul K., Xu, Xiaoming, Bastos, Ana, Sitch, Stephen, Palmer, Paul I., Lauvaux, Thomas, D'aspremont, Alexandre, Giron, Clément, Benoit, Antoine, Poulter, Benjamin, Chang, Jinfeng, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, Davis, Steven J., Liu, Zhu, Grassi, Giacomo, Albergel, Clément, Tubiello, Francesco N., Perugini, Lucia, Peters, Wouter, and Chevallier, Frédéric

Abstract

In support of the global stocktake of the Paris Agreement on climate change, this study presents a comprehensive framework to process the results of an ensemble of atmospheric inversions in order to make their net ecosystem exchange (NEE) carbon dioxide (CO2) flux suitable for evaluating national greenhouse gas inventories (NGHGIs) submitted by countries to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). From inversions we also deduced anthropogenic methane (CH4) emissions regrouped into fossil and agriculture and waste emissions, as well as anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. To compare inversion results with national reports, we compiled a new global harmonized database of emissions and removals from periodical UNFCCC inventories by Annex I countries, and from sporadic and less detailed emissions reports by non-Annex I countries, given by national communications and biennial update reports. No gap filling was applied. The method to reconcile inversions with inventories is applied to selected large countries covering ∼90% of the global land carbon uptake for CO2 and top emitters of CH4 and N2O. Our method uses results from an ensemble of global inversions produced by the Global Carbon Project for the three greenhouse gases, with ancillary data. We examine the role of CO2 fluxes caused by lateral transfer processes from rivers and from trade in crop and wood products and the role of carbon uptake in unmanaged lands, both not accounted for by NGHGIs. Here we show that, despite a large spread across the inversions, the median of available inversion models points to a larger terrestrial carbon sink than inventories over temperate countries or groups of countries of the Northern Hemisphere like Russia, Canada and the European Union. For CH4, we find good consistency between the inversions assimilating only data from the global in situ network and those using satellite CH4 retrievals and a tendency for inversions to diagnose higher CH4 emissi

Published
2022

38. Comparing national greenhouse gas budgets reported in UNFCCC inventories against atmospheric inversions

Author

Deng, Zhu, primary, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Tzompa-Sosa, Zitely A., additional, Saunois, Marielle, additional, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, Tan, Chang, additional, Sun, Taochun, additional, Ke, Piyu, additional, Cui, Yanan, additional, Tanaka, Katsumasa, additional, Lin, Xin, additional, Thompson, Rona L., additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Yao, Yuanzhi, additional, Huang, Yuanyuan, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Jain, Atul K., additional, Xu, Xiaoming, additional, Bastos, Ana, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, Lauvaux, Thomas, additional, d'Aspremont, Alexandre, additional, Giron, Clément, additional, Benoit, Antoine, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Chang, Jinfeng, additional, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, additional, Davis, Steven J., additional, Liu, Zhu, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Albergel, Clément, additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Perugini, Lucia, additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, and Chevallier, Frédéric, additional

Published
2022
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39. Assessing methane emissions for northern peatlands in ORCHIDEE-PEAT revision 7020

Author

Salmon, Elodie, primary, Jégou, Fabrice, additional, Guenet, Bertrand, additional, Jourdain, Line, additional, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, Bastrikov, Vladislav, additional, Guimbaud, Christophe, additional, Zhu, Dan, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Peylin, Philippe, additional, Gogo, Sébastien, additional, Laggoun-Défarge, Fatima, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Bret-Harte, M. Syndonia, additional, Chen, Jiquan, additional, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., additional, Chu, Housen, additional, Edgar, Colin W., additional, Euskirchen, Eugenie S., additional, Flanagan, Lawrence B., additional, Fortuniak, Krzysztof, additional, Holl, David, additional, Klatt, Janina, additional, Kolle, Olaf, additional, Kowalska, Natalia, additional, Kutzbach, Lars, additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, Merbold, Lutz, additional, Pawlak, Włodzimierz, additional, Sachs, Torsten, additional, and Ziemblińska, Klaudia, additional

Published
2022
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41. Definitions and methods to estimate regional land carbon fluxes for the second phase of the REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Project (RECCAP-2)

Author

Ciais, Philippe, primary, Bastos, Ana, additional, Chevallier, Frédéric, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Poulter, Ben, additional, Canadell, Josep G., additional, Hugelius, Gustaf, additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Jain, Atul, additional, Jones, Matthew, additional, Kondo, Masayuki, additional, Luijkx, Ingrid T., additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Peters, Wouter, additional, Pongratz, Julia, additional, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, additional, Piao, Shilong, additional, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, Von Randow, Celso, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Saunois, Marielle, additional, Scholes, Robert, additional, Shvidenko, Anatoly, additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Yang, Hui, additional, Wang, Xuhui, additional, and Zheng, Bo, additional

Published
2022
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42. A strong mitigation scenario maintains climate neutrality of northern peatlands

Author

Qiu, Chunjing, primary, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Zhu, Dan, additional, Guenet, Bertrand, additional, Chang, Jinfeng, additional, Chaudhary, Nitin, additional, Kleinen, Thomas, additional, Li, XinYu, additional, Müller, Jurek, additional, Xi, Yi, additional, Zhang, Wenxin, additional, Ballantyne, Ashley, additional, Brewer, Simon C., additional, Brovkin, Victor, additional, Charman, Dan J., additional, Gustafson, Adrian, additional, Gallego-Sala, Angela V., additional, Gasser, Thomas, additional, Holden, Joseph, additional, Joos, Fortunat, additional, Kwon, Min Jung, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Miller, Paul A., additional, Peng, Shushi, additional, Page, Susan, additional, Smith, Benjamin, additional, Stocker, Benjamin D., additional, Sannel, A. Britta K., additional, Salmon, Elodie, additional, Schurgers, Guy, additional, Shurpali, Narasinha J., additional, Wårlind, David, additional, and Westermann, Sebastian, additional

Published
2022
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46. Supplementary material to "Assessing methane emissions for northern peatlands in ORCHIDEE-PEAT revision 7020"

Author

Salmon, Elodie, primary, Jégou, Fabrice, additional, Guenet, Bertrand, additional, Jourdain, Line, additional, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, Bastrikov, Vladislav, additional, Guimbaud, Christophe, additional, Zhu, Dan, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Peylin, Philippe, additional, Gogo, Sébastien, additional, Laggoun-Défarge, Fatima, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Bret-Harte, M. Syndonia, additional, Chen, Jiquan, additional, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., additional, Chu, Housen, additional, Edgar, Colin W., additional, Euskirchen, Eugenie S., additional, Flanagan, Lawrence B., additional, Fortuniak, Krzysztof, additional, Holl, David, additional, Klatt, Janina, additional, Kolle, Olaf, additional, Kowalska, Natalia, additional, Kutzbach, Lars, additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, Merbold, Lutz, additional, Pawlak, Włodzimierz, additional, Sachs, Torsten, additional, and Ziemblińska, Klaudia, additional

Published
2021
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47. Assessing methane emissions for northern peatlands in ORCHIDEE-PEAT revision 7020

Author

Salmon, Elodie, primary, Jégou, Fabrice, additional, Guenet, Bertrand, additional, Jourdain, Line, additional, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, Bastrikov, Vladislav, additional, Guimbaud, Christophe, additional, Zhu, Dan, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Peylin, Philippe, additional, Gogo, Sébastien, additional, Laggoun-Défarge, Fatima, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Bret-Harte, M. Syndonia, additional, Chen, Jiquan, additional, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., additional, Chu, Housen, additional, Edgar, Colin W., additional, Euskirchen, Eugenie S., additional, Flanagan, Lawrence B., additional, Fortuniak, Krzysztof, additional, Holl, David, additional, Klatt, Janina, additional, Kolle, Olaf, additional, Kowalska, Natalia, additional, Kutzbach, Lars, additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, Merbold, Lutz, additional, Pawlak, Włodzimierz, additional, Sachs, Torsten, additional, and Ziemblińska, Klaudia, additional

Published
2021
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48. Large historical carbon emissions from cultivated northern peatlands

Author

Qiu, Chunjing, Ciais, Philippe, Zhu, Dan, Guenet, Bertrand, Peng, Shushi, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, Petrescu, Roxana, Lauerwald, Ronny, Makowski, David, Gallego-Sala, Angela, Charman, Dan, Brewer, Simon, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (MIA-Paris), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Laboratoire de géologie de l'ENS (LGENS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Peking University [Beijing], Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Exeter, University of Utah, GENCI-TGCC 2020A0070106328, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI)Natural Environment Research Council (NERC)NE/I012915/1, ANR-16-CONV-0003,CLAND,CLAND : Changement climatique et usage des terres(2016), European Project: 610028,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-SyG,IMBALANCE-P(2014), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (MIA Paris-Saclay), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Earth and Climate, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University of Bristol [Bristol], and College of Life and Environmental Sciences [Exeter]

Subjects
DYNAMICS, GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS, CH4, Ecology, METHANE FLUXES, DRAINAGE, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, SciAdv r-articles, PEAT SOILS, COVER CHANGE, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, LAND-SURFACE MODEL, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, SDG 13 - Climate Action, CO2, ORGANIC SOILS, Research Articles, Research Article
Abstract

Crop cultivation of northern peatlands emitted large amount of CO2 over the period 850–2010., When a peatland is drained and cultivated, it behaves as a notable source of CO2. However, we lack temporally and spatially explicit estimates of carbon losses from cultivated peatlands. Using a process-based land surface model that explicitly includes representation of peatland processes, we estimate that northern peatlands converted to croplands emitted 72 Pg C over 850–2010, with 45% of this source having occurred before 1750. This source surpassed the carbon accumulation by high-latitude undisturbed peatlands (36 to 47 Pg C). Carbon losses from the cultivation of northern peatlands are omitted in previous land-use emission assessments. Adding this ignored historical land-use emission implies an 18% larger terrestrial carbon storage since 1750 to close the historical global carbon budget. We also show that carbon emission per unit area decrease with time since drainage, suggesting that time since drainage should be accounted for in inventories to refine land-use emissions from cultivated peatlands.

Published
2021
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49. The consolidated European synthesis of CO2 emissions and removals for the European Union and United Kingdom: 1990-2018

Author

Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, McGrath, Matthew, Andrew, Robbie, Peylin, Philippe, Peters, Glen, Ciais, Philippe, Broquet, Gregoire, Tubiello, Francesco, Gerbig, Christoph, Pongratz, Julia, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Grassi, Giacomo, Nabuurs, Gert-Jan, Regnier, Pierre, Lauerwald, Ronny, Kuhnert, Matthias, Balkovič, Juraj, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, Denier Van Der Gon, Hugo, Solazzo, Efisio, Qiu, Chunjing, Pilli, Roberto, Konovalov, Igor, Houghton, Richard, Günther, Dirk, Perugini, Lucia, Crippa, Monica, Ganzenmüller, Raphael, Luijkx, Ingrid, Smith, Pete, Munassar, Saqr, Thompson, Rona, Conchedda, Giulia, Monteil, Guillaume, Scholze, Marko, Karstens, Ute, Brockmann, Patrick, Dolman, Albertus Johannes, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Center for International Climate and Environmental Research [Oslo] (CICERO), University of Oslo (UiO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Wageningen Environmental Research (Alterra), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Research Council Synergy project, French National Research Agency (ANR), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ludwig-Maximilians University [Munich] (LMU), Earth and Climate, and Earth Sciences

Subjects
Meteorologie en Luchtkwaliteit, WIMEK, Meteorology and Air Quality, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Généralités, Luchtkwaliteit, PE&RC, Air Quality, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], SDG 13 - Climate Action, Life Science, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract

Reliable quantification of the sources and sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), including that of their trends and uncertainties, is essential to monitoring the progress in mitigating anthropogenic emissions under the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. This study provides a consolidated synthesis of estimates for all anthropogenic and natural sources and sinks of CO2 for the European Union and UK (EU27 + UK), derived from a combination of state-of-the-art bottom-up (BU) and top-down (TD) data sources and models. Given the wide scope of the work and the variety of datasets involved, this study focuses on identifying essential questions which need to be answered to properly understand the differences between various datasets, in particular with regards to the less-well-characterized fluxes from managed ecosystems. The work integrates recent emission inventory data, process-based ecosystem model results, data-driven sector model results and inverse modeling estimates over the period 1990-2018. BU and TD products are compared with European national greenhouse gas inventories (NGHGIs) reported under the UNFCCC in 2019, aiming to assess and understand the differences between approaches. For the uncertainties in NGHGIs, we used the standard deviation obtained by varying parameters of inventory calculations, reported by the member states following the IPCC Guidelines. Variation in estimates produced with other methods, like atmospheric inversion models (TD) or spatially disaggregated inventory datasets (BU), arises from diverse sources including within-model uncertainty related to parameterization as well as structural differences between models. In comparing NGHGIs with other approaches, a key source of uncertainty is that related to different system boundaries and emission categories (CO2 fossil) and the use of different land use definitions for reporting emissions from land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) activities (CO2 land). At the EU27 + UK level, the NGHGI (2019) fossil CO2 emissions (including cement production) account for 2624 Tg CO2 in 2014 while all the other seven bottom-up sources are consistent with the NGHGIs and report a mean of 2588 (± 463 Tg CO2). The inversion reports 2700 Tg CO2 (± 480 Tg CO2), which is well in line with the national inventories. Over 2011-2015, the CO2 land sources and sinks from NGHGI estimates report-90 Tg C yr-1 ± 30 Tg C yr-1 while all other BU approaches report a mean sink of-98 Tg C yr-1 (± 362 Tg of C from dynamic global vegetation models only). For the TD model ensemble results, we observe a much larger spread for regional inversions (i.e. mean of 253 Tg C yr-1 ± 400 Tg C yr-1). This concludes that (a) current independent approaches are consistent with NGHGIs and (b) their uncertainty is too large to allow a verification because of model differences and probably also because of the definition of "CO2 flux"obtained from different approaches. The referenced datasets related to figures are visualized., SCOPUS: re.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2021
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50. Supplementary material to "Comparing national greenhouse gas budgets reported in UNFCCC inventories against atmospheric inversions"

Author

Deng, Zhu, primary, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Tzompa-Sosa, Zitely A., additional, Saunois, Marielle, additional, Qiu, Chunjing, additional, Tan, Chang, additional, Sun, Taochun, additional, Ke, Piyu, additional, Cui, Yanan, additional, Tanaka, Katsumasa, additional, Lin, Xin, additional, Thompson, Rona L., additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Yao, Yuanzhi, additional, Huang, Yuanyuan, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Jain, Atul K., additional, Xu, Xiaoming, additional, Bastos, Ana, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, Lauvaux, Thomas, additional, d’Aspremont, Alexandre, additional, Giron, Clément, additional, Benoit, Antoine, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Chang, Jinfeng, additional, Petrescu, Ana Maria Roxana, additional, Davis, Steven J., additional, Liu, Zhu, additional, Grassi, Giacomo, additional, Albergel, Clément, additional, and Chevallier, Frédéric, additional

Published
2021
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