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Radio stations are seriously affected by transmission line reradiation interference, but most of the existing methods for analyzing and solving reradiation interference on transmission lines focus on approximating the physical problem through mathematical models and algorithms, and it is difficult to study the correlation between transmission lines and reradiation interference in depth. This paper introduces the characteristic mode theory to study the influence factors of reradiation interference on transmission lines, which can decompose the surface induced current of transmission lines into a series of mutually orthogonal mode currents. This paper verifies the correctness of applying the MS (mode significance) value of the characteristic mode theory to analyze the reradiation interference through a simple transmission line example. Taking a line with 5 towers as an example, by analyzing the characteristic mode currents of transmission lines with different forwarding angles and linear arrangements, we not only verified that the characteristic mode currents can well characterize the reradiation interference, but also verified that the characteristic currents of different modes have a direct connection with the structure of the line, which can be applied in the process of designing or reconstructing the towers of the transmission lines, to predict the influence of different structural parameters on electromagnetic scattering, so as to optimize the tower design to reduce the reradiation interference effects and thus optimize the tower design to reduce reradiation interference. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio base stations in radio access networks (RANs) for 5th-generation mobile communications system networks are growing in number because of the adoption of microcells for the utilization of high-frequency bands and to increase network capacity. Standardization of RANs proposes new usages of network slices, such as smart factories. In addition to conventional device operations, more complex operations are thus required, such as power saving by putting radio base stations into sleep mode and network slice control. To enable such operations, it is necessary to add “intelligence” to operations so that network status analysis and control decisions can be executed autonomously. This article introduces the Cognitive Foundation Collaboration Platform technology that enables autonomous and intelligent control of RANs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wave disturbances from the solar terminator in the morning and evening hours were investigated using a ground-based network of very low frequency (VLF) radio stations. The data of measurements of the amplitudes of VLF radio signals on the GQD–A118 radio path with a transmitter in Great Britain (GQD, f = 22.1 kHz) and a receiving point in France (A118) were used. Amplitudes of radio signals change as a result of the propagation of atmospheric waves at the altitudes of localization of the upper wall of the Earth-ionosphere VLF waveguide. This makes it possible to use a network of VLF radio stations to monitor wave activity in the mesosphere (lower ionosphere). Based on the analysis of experimental data, it was established that pronounced periodic fluctuations in the amplitudes of radio signals are observed in the evening and in the morning for several hours after the passage of the solar terminator. Histograms of the distribution of these fluctuation periods for several months were constructed. The predominance of periods of radio signal fluctuations of 20–25 min was revealed both in the evening and in the morning hours. For the evening terminator, this result is consistent with our previous studies. The predominance of approximately the same wave periods in the morning was established for the first time. It is assumed that the observed fluctuations are caused by the propagation of acoustic-gravity waves (AGWs) from the solar terminator. The existence of a dominant period probably indicates that these perturbations represent a fundamental wave mode moving synchronously with the solar terminator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proper edge 3-coloring of a cubic graph is an NP-complete problem, which can be used in order to model several interesting practical problems. A method for correct and efficient assigning of variables used in the program to registers of the system, scheduling of a set of tasks to a set of processors while each task has to be executed on a number of processors simultaneously, or frequency assignment of radio stations without interference are all typical instances of problems modelled by graph coloring. When considering cubic graphs, which consist of vertices incident to precisely three edges, we can identify two distinct graph groups divided by their chromatic index, a minimal number of colors needed for the proper coloring of such graph. In the research presented in this article, we conduct a comparative study of the effectiveness of machine learning classifiers in the task of determining the chromatic index of cubic graphs, present an evaluation of the accuracy and precision of these models, and use the Shapley Additive Explanations model for the identification of graph attributes and their values crucial in the models' decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Listener perception is crucial for a program's sustainability. This study aims to understand listener perceptions of the Greatest Memory program on Radio Yasika FM Jogja. Using a descriptive qualitative method and perception analysis, the study involved followers of @greatestmemories_id on Instagram as subjects. Findings reveal that listener perceptions are generally consistent and fall within the latitude of acceptance, indicating positive evaluations. However, statements from informants Ana Musiam and Bagas Fernando fall in the latitude of non-commitment, reflecting varied perceptions based on their individual thoughts, experiences, and views. Overall, most informants express acceptance and favorable perceptions of the program, demonstrating its effectiveness in meeting audience expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main advantage of pulse-type voltage stabilizers is considered to be a high useful duty ratio, and such stabilizers allow both reducing and increasing the input voltage. This makes it possible to expand their application range. In order to achieve high operating parameters of radio stations or satellite communication systems, development of telecommunications equipment feeding systems is one of the important issues. In the article, the classic series connection of pulse voltage and compensated LDO-type voltage stabilizers is analyzed, a scheme with further improved quality indicators is proposed, where the high useful efficiency of the feeding circuit is ensured by the application of a pulse stabilizer (DC/DC converter). At the same time, thanks to the application of the LDO stabilizer, it allows to reduce the level of noise and distortions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Question (1669-6581) is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The exponential growth of podcast consumption and production in Spain poses a challenge for public broadcasters, who must fulfil their duty of public service without losing their competitive position against major tech conglomerates in the global audio market. This research aims to detect and analyse the innovation strategies and projects implemented by public radio stations across Spain in order to define future audio trends. The results show that stations employ five formulas to reach young audiences: identification of the audience with journalists and interviews with personalities of the same generation; address topics that concern young people; emphasis on cultural topics and live music; local issues with a sense of proximity and a priority focus on the distribution of dynamic and visual content through social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For decades, news narratives centered the voices of elites over sources with lived experience, even when journalists said they did not intend to favor elites. A new technology platform, Hearken, invites audiences to influence reporting by building "gates" that allow people to move between the roles of news creator and news consumer. This affords an opportunity to assess whether audience participation influences journalists to include more diverse perspectives in reporting. In stories produced by public radio stations using the Hearken platform, sources with lived experience exceeded recent patterns of elite vs. non-elite sourcing in commercial and public media in the U.S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) historically been known as one of the newest technologies since the 1970s. GNSS originally developed for military purposes in the USA (GPS - Global Position System). There are several satellite systems in the world. Satellites, International Research Base Stations, regional/national and local base stations form a permanent geodetic frame. Research on the size and shape of the Earth-planet, climate, sea, urban planning. In geodesy, a network of global positioning base stations makes it possible to assess the movements of continents, land plates at international level. GNSS is an important technology in navigation, logistics, economics, land surveying and other "geo" sectors. GNSS equipment/receivers and their manufacturers are applying new designs and electronics. Initially, GNSS instruments were used with single frequency signal reception, later expanding the number of GNSS signal channels to two frequencies. Such technological improvements nowadays improve the certainty, reliability and accuracy - the overall quality of GNSS measurements. The GNSS base station enables the surveyors to determine coordinates with an accuracy of two centimeters in real time (RTK) and with an accuracy of five millimeters using the accumulated post-processing data. Various types of factors hamper GNSS measurements. The GNSS signal (radio wave) travels in airspace, in urban environments and is a physical parameter. Any obstacle - tree, building walls, and atmospheric effect - makes GNSS measurements less accurate. The GNSS signal must be strong and free from attenuation and suppression effects. This study develops GNSS models that show the comparison, certainty and reliability of GNSS measurements using different types of GNSS techniques. Evaluation of Latvian Global Positioning Reference Station Network - LatPos system measurements against a corresponding RTK solution method using Latvian Global Positioning Network geodetic point (G2 class). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Does the ethnic media promote the political engagement of minority ethnic immigrants? This is a salient question in Western democracies, where the political incorporation of immigrants is a continuous challenge. Prevailing accounts place the media as a primary cause of growing public disengagement. In contrast, this article argues that the entry of community‐centered ethnic media can increase immigrants' political engagement by changing their informational environment and their representation in media and state institutions. In 2004, the UK Parliament enacted the Community Radio Order to allow the licensing of community radio stations. Leveraging the introduction of this law and geographical variation in the distribution of licenses with a difference‐in‐differences approach, this article shows that the exposure of minority ethnic immigrants to radio programming targeted at their community substantively increases their turnout in local elections. The results suggest that immigrants' participation in politics is stimulated by accommodating diversity within common institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike in neighbouring countries, Spanish radio stations were subject to a severe censorship regime for most of the twentieth century. After the end of the civil war (1939), General Franco's regime issued regulations to control the press and radio. In the case of newspapers, the Press Act (1966) eased this surveillance, but such relief did not apply to radio broadcasting. However, in the second half of Franco's dictatorship, some local stations and, especially, a nation-wide radio station (Cadena SER) tried to bypass restrictions set by the authorities. This article covers different initiatives, paying special attention to those developed by Cadena SER, which played a decisive role in liberalising information. To this end, journalists who played a key role in this transition were interviewed. As a result of this research, it has been observed that, despite the threats, disobedience was a constant from the 1960s onwards. Such disobedience was not always aimed at fighting the regime during this time of social change, but also responded to the broadcasters' commercial strategies. It has also been found that certain authorities facilitated these activities through their personal influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, there is a system in Japan to detect illegal radio transmitting sources, known as the DEURAS system. Even though crackdowns on illegal radio stations are conducted on a regular basis every year, the number of illegal emission cases still tends to increase, as ordinary citizens are now able to handle advanced wireless communication technologies, e.g., via software-defined radio. However, the current surveillance system may not be able to accurately detect the source in areas where large buildings are densely packed, such as urban areas, due to the effects of reflected waves. Therefore, in this study, we proposed a system for estimating the location of the source of transmission using a high-flying unmanned aerial vehicle called HAPS. The simulation results using numerical analysis software show that the proposed system can estimate the location of the source over a wider area and with higher accuracy than conventional monitoring systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even though radio continues to be the most dominant media platform for black South Africans, the rise in indigenous language podcasts marks a significant milestone in the South African media landscape for speakers of these languages who have previously been afforded limited agency in the sector. The place of podcasts in South Africa must be understood from the rich 100 years of radio in a context where oral media serves as a central platform for developing linguistic and cultural identities. This qualitative study employs purposive sampling to consider the production practices of South African indigenous language podcasts using Epokothweni and iLukuluku as two case studies. In considering these two podcasts, the study highlights the content creators of Epokothweni and iLukuluku as a model of how South African indigenous language podcasters draw on radio as an established storytelling platform for South African indigenous language speakers that allow them to use their podcast platforms in socio-culturally relevant ways. The paper argues that these platforms allow black South Africans to tell stories that have been neglected and silenced, allowing them to articulate the world and their experiences involving economic and scientific issues. The view is that indigenous language podcasting is set to increase as content producers greatly appreciate engagement with black audiences, which are currently under-prioritised in a sector dominated by English-language outfits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a dearth of scholarly work that measures the quality of journalism, both in Western contexts and in the Global South. This might be partly explained by the difficulty in defining, operationalising and measuring news media quality. However, those data would be helpful to identify the societal role of radio journalism in enabling citizens to participate and take decisions. As radio plays an overarching role in Tanzania for information, especially for those living in rural areas, this article assessed research data from the "Yearbook on Media Quality in Tanzania" that has identified quality as a list of criteria describing various characteristics of journalistic texts and set thresholds to distinguish good from poor quality. Thus, it measured the quality performance of 30 print, radio and TV media houses. This article now assesses radio journalism in the country, with a focus on comparison amongst radio stations. The assessment shows that some quality criteria were almost not fulfilled at all, although they are acknowledged as important, for example, the right of reply, or covering viewpoints that are critical to the government. Nevertheless, with regard to professionalism and comprehensive reporting, the data show that some radio stations perform largely better than others and that programmes are much better compared to newscasts. The external environment plays an important role in performance. Many shortcomings in quality are due to the harsh political environment and economic challenges. However, the internal newsroom environment plays an additional role and explains as well some of the quality differences identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arts Magazine is the property of Thamar University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The role of media in democratic governance is pivotal, yet its impact on democratic consolidation remains debated. This study investigates the relationship between radio activism and democratic consolidation in Ghana, focusing on the influence of political news production and communication strategies by radio stations. Employing a case study design and qualitative research approach, 23 informants were selected through purposive sampling for face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The findings of the study reveal that participatory and decentralized approaches to radio broadcasting, involving collaboration between radio staff and community members, enhance the conducive environment for democratic consolidation. However, challenges such as politicization and commercialization of political news content undermine public trust in radio broadcasting. The study concludes that stakeholder engagement in political news production fosters participatory communication on radio, thus contributing to democratic consolidation.

Because Indigenous peoples face unique challenges to their autonomy and lifeways from dominant media influences, Indigenous radio has been used to facilitate intra-community engagement among these groups. A small but long-standing literature reveals both strengths and vulnerabilities of Indigenous radio, though the rapidly changing communications landscape suggests new possibilities for these media sources. Our research was a community–academic collaboration that employed exploratory and mixed (survey, interview, and observational) methods across two Indigenous communities in the Central and Southern Amazon of Ecuador. The Indigenous radio station, La Voz de la CONFENIAE (Confederación de las Nacionalidades Indígenas de la Amazonía Ecuatoriana), sought to perform an impact assessment that would measure both the character and extent of the impact of radio programming with sensitivity to the priorities of listeners as to the purpose, function, and appropriate impact metrics for an Indigenous radio station. A total of 92 surveys and 30 interviews across two communities were conducted in July and August of 2022. Our findings reveal (a) the informational function of this radio for the Indigenous communities in its listening reach; (b) that radio programming conveys family, community, and cultural knowledge bi-directionally both from and to its listening audience; and (c) that members of the audience were, in turn, prompted to action and engagement. In our discussion, we identify opportunities to improve the assessment of community-owned radio as a bidirectional resource for communities. Our work also advances a model of self-determined and stakeholder-driven evaluation for Indigenous community radio, with particular attention to the material (e.g., behavioral) impacts of radio messages and potential for radio to support communal and collective engagements desired by the communities it serves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the historical methods of delivering veterinary services to animals. It discusses how veterinarians used to travel on horseback or in horse-drawn carriages, carrying their instruments in saddlebags. With advancements in technology, motorized vehicles became the norm, and virtual veterinary services have also emerged. The article also touches on the establishment of veterinary schools and the importance of designated clinic locations. It further delves into the history of automobiles used by veterinarians, including the popular Ford Model T "Doctor's Coupe" in the 1920s. The use of modified vehicles for difficult road conditions and the development of mobile veterinary units are also mentioned. The article concludes by discussing larger motor vehicles and trailers equipped with examination and surgical facilities for at-home health services. Additionally, it explores the evolution of communication methods, such as videoconferencing, which have facilitated telemedicine in veterinary practices. [Extracted from the article]

In the 1980s, Israel's music scene was largely steered by two major radio stations, G alei Tzahal and Reshet Gimmel. Both played a critical role in shaping musical tastes in Israel, while also serving the music industry as crucial platforms for artist exposure. Regarded as "taste communities," they catered primarily to music enthusiasts and embodied a spectrum of cultural, political, and socio-economic facets of diverse Israeli groups. Galei Tzahal tended to be more selective, elitist, and avant-garde. Reshet Gimmel pursued a more populist agenda, aiming for mass appeal and fostering a seemingly broader sense of shared identity among listeners. Galei Tzahal wished to educate Israelis, Reshet Gimmel aimed to represent what the masses wanted to hear. This research aims to probe into the distinct tactics of these stations, understand their contributions to the cultural conversation, and examine how they helped forge a national identity through music. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By analysing a corpus of approximately two hours of radio news bulletins and call-in programs from three Moroccan radio stations (MFM, MED Radio and Radio Atlantic), a number of phonetic, morphologic and morpho-syntactic features are identified as relevant to the will of the speaker to adopt a more formal or less formal speech style. The variation of said variables are thus analysed in the different communicative contexts (News, call-in monologues and dialogues with experts, dialogues with audience on the phone) in order to determine the level of formality of such contexts. Moreover, the aim of the paper is to apply the concept of functional diglossia, (Albirini 2011) to the Moroccan environment, to try and determine whether the presence of features of more formal and less formal speech styles can be interpreted by means of the will of the speaker to perfrom a determinate communicative function (as lending a tone of seriousness to what is being said, giving explanations, performing an indirect quote). Linguistic variation is thus inquired giving more attention to individual varieties than to a theoretical framework that assumes discrete boundaries between one variety and another, focusing instead on the relationship between the individual variants selected by speakers and the meaning these choices have at the sociolinguistic level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates code-borrowing which happens during soccer commentaries in Sepedi on Thobela FM, a radio station which broadcasts in Sepedi. Qualitative in approach, the study collected data from purposively selected Thobela FM listeners to determine whether code-borrowing is beneficial or detrimental to the development of Sepedi soccer terminology. The participants were selected from Mamelodi, Soshanguve and Atteridgeville in Pretoria, where Sepedi is a dominant language. Four different recorded soccer commentaries of five minutes each were played to the participants prior to interviewing them for approximately 30 minutes. The study's findings showed that listeners believe that code-borrowing contributes positively towards the development of soccer terminology in Sepedi, further suggesting the coinage of Sepedi soccer terminology from English equivalents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio Determination Satellite Service (RDSS) is a characteristic service of BeiDou, which can provide users with short message communication services. Since the working frequency of an RDSS system is close to that of a 5G system, the RDSS system is very susceptible to interference from 5G out-of-band radiation. This paper analyzes the compatibility of 5G interference with an RDSS system from the perspective of the signal and the system. Firstly, the compatibility assessment is carried out from the perspective of the signal, the impact of interference on the capture and tracking performance of BeiDou is illustrated, and the safe coexistence distance of the two systems from the perspective of capture probability is obtained from the perspective of the signal. Subsequently, based on the link budget criterion, the interference of 5G base stations and 5G terminals to RDSS receivers under different frequency isolation and the required distance isolation for safe coexistence are analyzed from the system perspective. Finally, from the perspective of civil aviation safety, the aggregate interference is used as an evaluation index to evaluate the interference suffered by the aircraft during takeoff and landing and to obtain the interference suffered by the ground-based 5G base station during the takeoff and landing of the aircraft on different routes and in different 5G propagation environments. The simulation results show that when the airplane is closer to the ground, the ground 5G base stations will cause harmful interference to the RDSS receiver. In this study, the real flight data are combined with the simulation model to obtain the exact influence range of 5G interference on the RDSS system under different viewpoints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores ordinary people's involvement in literature. Goed, beter, Betsie, a narrative text read on a community radio station, serves as an example text. It is indicated how the writing of this text makes it possible for Elizabeth Labuschagne-Hull, an author who considers herself to be just an ordinary person, to make sense of her past. The effects that the reading of this narrative text had on community radio listeners, indirect readers who are also seen as ordinary people, are discussed. The article indicates that authors do not necessarily create texts to be critically examined and that the reading of narrative texts do not necessarily need to take place from a theoretical approach in order to be valuable. The conclusion is that ordinary reading is valuable because it could help readers to understand their lives. It is confirmed, based on the aesthetic experience of ordinary readers, that stories do something for and to ordinary people; also that the engagement with literature can change people's lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of aDResearch ESIC: International Journal of Communication Research / Revista Internacional de Investigación en Comunicación is the property of ESIC Business & Marketing School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanica Olomucensia is the property of Palacky University in Olomouc and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Anuario de Historia Regional y de las Fronteras is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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While many will be familiar with the British traitor William Joyce who, as Lord Haw-Haw, became infamous for his radio broadcasts to Britain on behalf of Nazi Germany during the Second World War, much less widely known and studied is the work of Büro Concordia, an organisation created by Joseph Goebbels to broadcast 'black' propaganda from Berlin to Britain. Between 1940 and 1945 five secret radio stations posed as the voice of British dissident, anti-war organisations operating within the United Kingdom, broadcasting a stream of propaganda which aimed to demoralise the British people and undermine its support for the war. While they can be credited with some limited success, they fell far short of what Goebbels had hoped and expected from them. These stations were launched by the Reich Propaganda Ministry, but the two dozen writers and speakers who produced these broadcasts from studios in Berlin were British citizens. This study evaluates these 'British renegades' and the system that identified, recruited and trained them, and concludes that whatever potential there might have been to influence the course of the war, the employment of people so wholly unsuited to the work ensured that Concordia was bound to fail from its inception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-clutter radio stations have shorter advertisement breaks to attract listeners, increase advertisement effectiveness, and potentially reduce mechanical advertisement avoidance (i.e. switching stations). This research introduces a two-factor theory explaining why mechanical advertisement avoidance has an inverse U-shaped relationship with advertisement position in the break, and advertisement break length in advertisement units. The theory was supported by portable people meter (PPM) ratings data. Peak mechanical avoidance occurred at the fourth advertisement position, similar to the average advertisement break length perceived by radio listeners from the same city as the PPM data. This explains why the two-advertisement breaks that are typical for low-clutter radio stations minimize mechanical avoidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital technology has had a significant impact on radio stations in Indonesia. This makes radio more accessible and allows community involvement to listen to radio broadcasts online. In addition, digital technology speeds up the broadcast process and allows the use of simulcast. This research was conducted qualitatively, using observation and literature study to collect and process data from reliable sources. Research has found that radio stations use digital technology to promote their programs and communicate with their listeners. They also use social networks to learn about public issues and increase public engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morning talk radio in Mauritius has established itself as a popular platform where participants phone in to raise problems they encounter in their everyday lives. The first wave of liberalization of the airwaves in Mauritius has allowed private radio stations to schedule talk programmes, especially in their morning editions, that create spaces for the voices of ordinary people to be heard as they speak, contest decisions of powerholders and look for alternatives through the mediation of talk radio. Through discourse theoretical analysis, this article looks into a set of five cases and argues that morning talk radio has mediated a process of democratization conflicts and engaged popular cultural dynamics in the unequal context of Mauritius. It argues that through the prism of 'proper distance', the mediation of everyday life can be deciphered highlighting the moral and political dimensions of these morning programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]