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RÉSUMÉ Objectif : Le décès brutal d'un jeune parent malade du cancer affecte profondément le conjoint et les enfants. La famille doit alors s'adapter à l'absence du défunt et se réorganiser pour élever au mieux les enfants. Les très jeunes enfants sont particulièrement vulnérables car ils n'ont généralement pas la possibilité d'exprimer leur souffrance. Pour leur donner la parole, nous avons conçu un dispositif innovant, La Petite Fille aux Allumettes , qui s'inscrit dans une démarche de démocratie en santé. Méthode : Nous avons évalué les effets de leur participation au groupe pour une population de huit enfants et leur parent. Les six parents ont évalué la régulation émotionnelle de leur(s) enfant(s) avant et après la thérapie avec l'échelle ERC-vf. Le FACES IV nous a permis d'évaluer la cohésion et l'adaptabilité de chaque famille. Résultats : Nous observons une meilleure régulation émotionnelle pour les huit enfants. Le dispositif favorise la résilience familiale. Cependant des difficultés persistent dans les familles rigides ou désengagées. Conclusion : Nous espérons que d'autres centres en cancérologie suivent notre modèle pour donner une place aux très jeunes enfants confrontés à la mort d'un parent à la suite d'un cancer et favoriser l'autonomisation des familles. Objective: The violent death of a young parent from cancer has a profound effect on both spouse and children. The family must adapt to the absence of the bereaved and reorganize to raise the children as best they can. Very young children are particularly vulnerable, as they are generally unable to express their suffering. To give them a voice, we have designed an innovative system, The Little Match Girl , as part of a health democracy approach. Methods: We assessed the effects of their participation in the group for a population of eight children and their parents. The six parents assessed their child(ren)'s emotion regulation before and after therapy using the ERC-vf scale. The FACES IV enabled us to assess the cohesion and adaptability of each family. Results: All eight children showed improved emotion regulation. The program promotes family resilience. However, difficulties persist in rigid or disengaged families. Conclusion: We hope that other cancer centers will follow our model to give a place to very young children dealing with the death of a parent from cancer, and to encourage family empowerment. MOTS CLÉS [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En psycho-oncologie, les travaux sur la dynamique temporelle des expériences affectives et les processus de régulation associés restent encore peu nombreux. Par conséquent, cet article a pour premier objectif de faire un état des travaux sur la dynamique affective via un recueil longitudinal intensif auprès de personnes atteintes d'un cancer à travers une revue narrative de la littérature. Par la suite, son objectif est de permettre aux chercheurs et aux psychologues de mettre en place cette méthode auprès de personnes atteintes d'un cancer en proposant des recommandations. Notre revue narrative (n = 6) met en évidence d'importantes variations affectives au cours de la journée chez les personnes atteintes d'un cancer, ainsi que des relations intra-individuelles entre affects et d'autres variables telle que la fatigue. Cependant, il est important de relever que les études recensées présentent des protocoles hétérogènes, et qu'aucune étude ne cible la dynamique affective et ses relations avec les processus de régulation. Une seconde partie des résultats construite sur les bases des études recensées comprend des recommandations concernant la réalisation d'études via des recueils longitudinaux intensifs. Notre revue narrative met en avant l'intérêt de développer les études basées sur un recueil longitudinal intensif auprès de personnes atteintes de cancer. L'utilisation d'une telle méthode au travers du cadre rigoureux établi, permettrait d'obtenir des indices valides de dynamique affective permettant de mieux comprendre les processus de régulation affective face à la maladie en milieu écologique. In psycho-oncology, research into the affective dynamics and regulation is still scarce. Consequently, the first aim of this study is to carry out a state of works on affective dynamics using experience sampling method in cancer patients through a narrative review of the literature. Then, its second objective is to enable researchers and psychologist to implement this method with cancer patients, by proposing recommendations. Our narrative review (n = 6) highlights significant affective variations throughout the day in cancer patients, thus intra-individual relationships between affects and other variables such as fatigue. However, it is important to note that the studies reviewed present heterogeneous protocols, and that none of them targets affective dynamics and their relationships with regulatory processes. The second part of the results is based on the studies reviewed, and includes recommendation for conducting studies using experience sampling method. Our narrative review highlights the value of developing studies based on experience sampling method from cancer patients. The use of this method, within the rigorous framework established, would make it possible to obtain valid indices of affective dynamics that would provide a better understanding of affective regulation to cope illness in ecological environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La psychologie médico-légale (ou Forensic Psychology) est un domaine de la psychologie clinique encore peu connu dans le monde francophone. Bien que de nombreux praticiens endossent effectivement des missions de psychologues médico-légaux, peu s'identifient comme tels. Pourtant, le psychologue médico-légal fait face à un paradoxe dans son travail : concilier son devoir d'impartialité et d'objectivité lors de ses évaluations, tout en maintenant une relation empathique avec des patients, des détenus ou des condamnés ayant vécu un ou plusieurs traumatismes, en vue de déterminer un plan de prise en soin spécifique à leurs caractéristiques. Or, les principes éthiques et déontologiques renseignent que l'un des devoirs du psychologue est de pouvoir rediriger un patient vers un collègue s'il ne peut assurer un suivi optimal, notamment dans le cadre d'une souffrance psychique. À notre connaissance, peu d'études investiguent les liens conceptuels entre compétences émotionnelles, dysrégulation émotionnelle et qualité de vie professionnelle, auprès de psychologues médico-légaux francophones. Cette étude préliminaire a collecté les réponses de 44 psychologues médico-légaux. Nos résultats suggèrent, entre autres, les rôles prédictifs de la Satisfaction de compassion et du Burn-out sur les compétences émotionnelles et la dysrégulation émotionnelle. Bien que prédit par les Difficultés à contrôler des comportements impulsifs (β = 0,39, t = 2,71, R 2 = 0,13, p = 0,010), le Stress traumatique secondaire n'endosse pas le rôle de prédicteur envers les compétences ou la dysrégulation émotionnelle. Dans la continuité de cette recherche, nous proposons la mesure de variables pouvant modérer cette relation comme les mécanismes de coping. Despite being less recognized as a specific subdomain of Psychology in French-speaking countries, forensic psychologists do face the same challenges as their Anglo-Saxon counterparts. Among these, the literature identifies the quality of life in the workplace, which can be divided into Compassion Satisfaction , and Compassion Fatigue , the latter being composed of Burn-out and Secondary Traumatic Stress. Previous research has acknowledged the role of emotional competence, especially the management of emotions, as a central factor of healthcare professionals' relationship with their work assignments. However, Pirelli and collaborators recently highlighted the lack of empirical research among forensic psychologists. As an answer to their call, this study investigates the association and predictive factors of emotional competence, difficulties in emotional management, and the quality of professional life. An online survey (Lime Survey) was used to collect data regarding socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, years of experience, and training. The following self-questionnaires were then given to the subjects: Profile of Emotional Competence , Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale , and Professional Quality of Life. Descriptive, correlational, and regressive analyses were undertaken to, respectively: (1) describe our sample and compare it to available norms (Student's t), (2) associate (Bravais-Pearson r) the mean scores of the three scales, and (3) evaluate the prediction (simple and multiple linear regression) of emotional competence and emotional dysfunction on the quality of professional life. These predictions were then reversed. Both regression analyses used the backward method. The sample was composed of 44 French-speaking forensic psychologists (79.50% female), median age 34.20 (SD = 7.96). They were mainly trained in clinical psychology (84.10%), followed by forensic psychology (18.20%). The majority of the sample worked as carceral psychologists (59.10%), and their main missions were support and guidance (78.70%), followed by recidivism risk assessment (52.30%) and crisis management (50.00 %). Descriptive results. The participants exhibited significantly higher emotional dysfunction scores (total score, p ≤.001; Lack of Emotional Clarity , p =.10; Impulse Control Difficulties, p ≤.001; Difficulties Engaging in Goal-Directed Behavior, p ≤.001) when compared to available norms. Regarding their perceived quality of life, all scores were either significantly lower or higher based on the norms used. A similar analysis was not possible for emotional competence as available norms were gender-specific, and the sample gender distribution was clearly unbalanced. Associations and regression relations were confirmed between emotional competence, emotional dysfunction, and the quality of professional life, especially between Compassion Satisfaction and emotional competence (r =.33–.56) on the one hand and between Burn-out and emotional dysfunction on the other hand (r =.41–.65). Unexpectedly, Secondary Traumatic Stress was only predicted by emotional dysfunction (Impulse Control Difficulties , β =.39, t = 2.71, R 2 =.13, p =.010). Taken as a whole, the results indicate that (a) Compassion Satisfaction and Burn-out are key elements to assess in the workplace, confirming previous studies among other health professionals, and (b) although correlated to specific emotional dysfunction such as Difficulties Engaging in Goal-Directed Behaviors and Impulse Control Difficulties , none of these factors predict nor is predicted by Secondary Traumatic Stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pistes: Perspectives Interdisciplinaires sur le Travail et la Santé is the property of Perspectives Interdisciplinaires sur le Travail et la Sante and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue de Psychoéducation is the property of La revue canadienne de psycho-education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Résumé: Les recherches sur la manière dont les évaluations cognitives de multiples signaux de défaillance d'un service se combinent pour générer la colère du client et le rôle des stratégies de régulation émotionnelle (suppression et réévaluation) dans l'atténuation de cette émotion sont encore rares. En utilisant une méthode expérimentale de vignettes d'une situation de défaillance de service auprès de 971 participants, nous montrons que les évaluations cognitives du blocage des objectifs, de la responsabilité d'autrui et du faible contrôle agissent conjointement, de manière indifférenciée, pour augmenter la colère de façon non linéaire. Nous démontrons également que la suppression émotionnelle est bénéfique pour faire face à la colère dans des situations où plusieurs signaux provoquent la colère. Inversement, la réévaluation est plus efficace lorsque les signaux déclencheurs de colère sont moins nombreux. Ce résultat remet en question le point de vue dominant selon lequel la réévaluation est préférable à la suppression pour faire face aux émotions négatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La Thérapie Comportementale Dialectique (TCD) vise à diminuer la dysrégulation émotionnelle, notamment par l'apprentissage en groupe de compétences. En mars 2020, le confinement dû à la COVID-19 a interrompu brutalement ces groupes. Nous avons poursuivi cet apprentissage par vidéos YouTube. Notre objectif est d'évaluer la faisabilité de ce format pendant le confinement. Tous les participants à des groupes d'entraînement aux compétences TCD réalisés à Strasbourg ont été inclus (n = 37). Les vidéos psychoéducatives ont été publiées, de façon bihebdomadaire, durant le confinement sur la chaîne YouTube « GREMO HUS ». Les participants ont été encouragés à visionner ces vidéos par appels/messages. Un mois après la fin du confinement, un questionnaire en ligne a évalué la satisfaction. Au total, 92 % des patients ont répondu. Sur les 34 répondeurs, 28 (82 %) avaient regardé au moins une vidéo, et 32 % plus de 6 vidéos. Une très large majorité des utilisateurs étaient satisfaits des vidéos. Au total, 79 % se disaient fortement aidés dans la compréhension des compétences, et 77 % pensaient avoir utilisé plus fréquemment les compétences TCD. Tous sauf un se sont dit aidés par les compétences pour mieux surmonter les difficultés en période de confinement. Notre étude est la première à interroger directement des patients concernant des vidéos YouTube. Ces vidéos sont jugées pertinentes par les participants en période de confinement. Leur utilisation pourrait être un complément des groupes hors confinement, ainsi que pour la formation des thérapeutes. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) aims to decrease emotional dysregulation, particularly through psychoeducation groups targeting skills learning. In March 2020, the confinement due to COVID-19 abruptly interrupted these groups. We continued skills training through YouTube videos. Our objective is to evaluate the feasibility of this format during the confinement. All the participants in the DBT skills group carried out in Strasbourg were included (n = 37). The psychoeducational videos were published biweekly during the confinement on the YouTube channel "GREMO HUS". Participants were encouraged to view these videos by calls/messages. One month after the end of the confinement, an online questionnaire assessed satisfaction. In total, 92% of patients responded. Of the 34 respondents, 28 (82%) had watched at least one video, and 32% had watched more than 6 videos. A very large majority of users were satisfied with the videos. Seventy-nine percent said they were very helpful in understanding the skills, and 77% thought they had used the DBT skills more frequently. All but one said that the skills helped them to overcome difficulties in times of confinement. Our study is the first to interview patients directly regarding DBT YouTube videos. These videos were considered relevant by participants during the confinement period. Their use could compliment DBT skills training groups, and serve as a training support for therapists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examiner rétrospectivement les émotions éprouvées et la régulation émotionnelle des adolescents, collégiens et lycéens, sitôt l'incendie industriel Lubrizol, puis 9 mois plus tard. Cent soixante-dix-huit adolescents, exposés au panache de fumée (ou non), résidant à moins de 3 km (ou plus) le jour de l'incendie, ont répondu à un questionnaire en ligne en juin 2020. Ils ont rédigé ce qu'ils avaient ressenti dans les 3 jours qui ont suivi l'incendie, puis estimé rétrospectivement l'intensité de leurs émotions sitôt l'incendie. Ils ont aussi accepté ou rejeté l'énoncé de neuf stratégies de régulation émotionnelle qu'ils ont adoptées et renseigné plusieurs questions à propos de leurs conduites de protection. Ils ont enfin évalué l'intensité de leurs émotions 9 mois après l'incendie. Le lexique émotionnel des textes libres comprend 40 % de mots qui concernent la peur ou l'inquiétude ; 26 % la colère ou agressivité, 21 % la tristesse et 6 % d'expression du soulagement. L'exposition sous le nuage ou la résidence à moins de 3 km de l'incendie ne modifient pas l'usage du lexique émotionnel. L'autoévaluation de leurs émotions sitôt l'incendie indique que 50 % des adolescents ont été fortement anxieux et 33 % ont ressenti de l'animosité (colère et agressivité). L'anxiété forte est statistiquement plus fréquente chez les adolescents exposés sous le nuage (Chi2 = 4,5, ddl 1, p <.03), mais pas quand il y a proximité (<3 km) de l'incendie (Chi2 = 0,25, ddl 1, p >.6). L'atténuation des émotions 9 mois plus tard est notable chez ceux qui étaient sous le nuage (Chi2 = 24,08, ddl4, p <.001). Dans les jours post incendie, moins de 20 % des participants admettent avoir pris le temps de réfléchir avant de s'engager dans une tâche (régulation intrapersonnelle des émotions), alors que 45 % ont posé des questions pour mieux comprendre ce qui les inquiétait, 49 % des adolescents ont échangé des messages numériques avec d'autres élèves et 80 % ont discuté oralement avec des camarades (régulation émotionnelle interpersonnelle). L'incendie a produit un choc émotionnel avec anxiété et animosité. Les adolescents ont plus facilement adopté des stratégies de régulations émotionnelles interpersonnelles indépendantes du fait d'avoir été ou pas exposé sous le nuage de fumée ou de résider dans une zone proche ou éloignée de l'incendie. On note 9 mois plus tard une atténuation émotionnelle plus marquée chez ceux qui ont été exposés sous le nuage. Our objective was to retrospectively examine the emotions experienced and the emotional regulation of adolescents, from 11 to 18 years old, immediately after the Lubrizol industrial fire, then nine months later. A self-administered online questionnaire was completed by a sample of 178 participants exposed (or not) to the smoke cloud or resided at least 3 km area from the fire. An open-ended questionnaire asked participants to write down their feelings after the Lubrizol fire. The emotional intensity assessment was first referred to the three days following the fire, then nine months after the fire. The emotional regulation strategies were examined by checking yes/no for nine proposals and the adolescents answered several questions about their protective behaviors. The emotional lexicon was related to fear or worry (40%), anger or aggressiveness (26%), sadness (21%) and stress relief (6%). Such lexicon was not altered by the location of the participants (exposed under the cloud of smoke or living in an area near from the fire). The self-evaluation of emotions after the fire revealed that 50% of the participants reported being highly anxious (fear, worry) and 33% experienced animosity (aggressiveness, anger). The high anxiety scores were significantly more often observed in adolescents living under the cloud (Chi2 = 4,5, df 1, P <.03) than when in its proximity (<3 km) to the fire (Chi2 = 0.25, df 1, P >.6). The attenuation of emotions nine months later is notable in those who were under the cloud (Chi2 = 24.08, df 4, P <.001). In the three days following the fire, fewer than 20% of participants said they took the time to think before engaging in a task (intrapersonal emotional regulation), while 45% asked questions to better understand what worried them. Forty-nine percent of the participants shared their experience using virtual electronical messages and 80% of them used real physical interpersonal communication (interpersonal emotional regulation). The fire produced an emotional shock associated with anxiety and animosity. The adolescents more easily adopted interpersonal emotional regulation strategies independent of whether they had been exposed under the cloud of smoke or whether they lived in an area near or far from the fire. A more marked emotional attenuation was observed nine months later in the participants exposed to the cloud. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'objectif de cette étude est d'investiguer les relations entre les processus de régulation émotionnelle (intra- et interpersonnelle) et la construction identitaire, selon le niveau d'usage des jeux vidéo, dans une population tout venant d'adolescents et de jeunes adultes. Trois groupes ont été constitués à partir de la Game Addiction Scale : des non-joueurs (NJ, n = 37, âge moyen = 19,70), des joueurs non problématiques (JNP, n = 133, âge moyen = 18,60) et des joueurs problématiques (JP, n = 37, âge moyen = 20,16). Les participants ont complété des questionnaires évaluant la construction identitaire et différents processus émotionnels intrapersonnels et interpersonnels. Les résultats de notre étude montrent : 1) de nombreuses relations entre les processus de régulation émotionnelle (intra- et interpersonnelle) et de construction identitaire ; 2) des spécificités dans les processus concernés selon le niveau d'usage ; les joueurs non problématiques étant le groupe dans lequel on retrouve le plus de liens ; et 3) des spécificités selon le genre. Nos résultats confirment l'interdépendance de la régulation émotionnelle et de la construction identitaire. Cependant, tenir compte du genre et du niveau d'usage des JV est essentiel dans la compréhension de ces liens. Nos résultats fournissent des perspectives intéressantes quant à l'accompagnement psychothérapeutique des adolescents/jeunes adultes ayant un usage problématique des JV. The goal of this study is to investigate the relationships between intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation processes and identity construction regarding video games use among a population of teenagers and young adults. This investigation is made considering gender differences, and is the first to do so in this field of research. According to the scores of the Game Addiction Scale and the game frequency scores, three groups have been formed: non-gamers (NG, n = 37, mean age = 19.70), non-problematic gamers (NPG, n = 133, mean age = 18.60) ang problematic gamers (PG, n = 37, mean age = 20.16). Participants full filled several questionnaires regarding identity construction: the Dimension of Identity Development Scale, the Utrecht-Management of Identity Commitments Scale, the Identity subscale of the Erikson Psychosocial Inventory Scale. Regarding emotional processes, the Positive And Negative Affect Schedule, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents, and the Interpersonal Regulation Questionnaire were completed by our participants. Results show many relationships between emotion regulation processes (intra- and interpersonal) and identity construction processes, regardless of video game use level. Also, specificities within these processes according to video game use appear: the non-problematic gamers being the group in which we find the most significant links. Our findings also emphasize gender specificities. Our results confirm the interdependence between both intrapersonal et interpersonal emotion regulation and identity construction. Nevertheless, it is crucial to consider gender and video game use to understand these relationships, as emotion regulation processes differ according to gender. Our results provide useful perspectives regarding psychotherapeutic caring of teenagers and young adults with problematic video game use and put the emphasis on considering gender specificities to adjust the therapeutic support. In fact, important links were found between interpersonal emotion regulation and identity especially regarding negative emotions among boys; while the relationship between negative tendency of the interpersonal emotion regulation were found only among problematic girls gamers. Therefore, therapeutical care should put the emphasis on emotion processes: intrapersonal and interpersonal regulation but also emotion conscientization and clarity, two dimensions linked strongly to identity formation. Also, therapy may integrate parents, considering their involvement in these emotion processes development. Furthermore, we can also note a partial congruence between the two scales measuring the identity construction, highlighting the importance of the joint use of these two tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les neurosciences permettent une meilleure connaissance des mécanismes cérébraux en jeu lors de l’apprentissage et soutiennent la pratique de l’enseignant. La dimension dynamique du cerveau permet d’appréhender les difficultés non plus comme une fatalité, mais comme des défis à résoudre puisque la neuroplasticité est possible toute la vie. En effet, les structures cérébrales sont présentes dès la naissance, mais c’est grâce à l’environnement et aux expériences que les connexions neuronales peuvent se développer. Notre rôle en tant que professionnels de l’éducation est donc primordial afin de créer des conditions favorables à l’apprentissage en dépit des vulnérabilités génétiques et environnementales. Beaucoup d’élèves en enseignement spécialisé présentent des troubles du neurodéveloppement et des troubles des apprentissages. Leurs parcours scolaires souvent chaotiques, impactent leur estime d’eux-mêmes et leur confiance en eux. Par ailleurs, leurs difficultés dans les fonctions exécutives ont des répercussions sur leur adaptation et dans leurs relations interpersonnelles. Les émotions prennent une place importante à l’école et influencent toute situation d’apprentissage. Une intervention précoce sur ces fonctions exécutives et la régulation émotionnelle peut être un moyen de prévention des comportements antisociaux à l’adolescence. De plus, des techniques liées à la respiration et à la pleine conscience peuvent diminuer l’anxiété à l’école. La réussite scolaire ne dépend pas seulement des capacités académiques, mais en grande partie des compétences socio-émotionnelles que l’enfant aura pu acquérir. Cette recherche basée sur les apports des neurosciences de l’éducation est une tentative pour permettre aux élèves atteints de troubles du neurodéveloppement d’acquérir des stratégies pour améliorer la gestion de leur comportement émotionnel et cognitif, afin qu’ils puissent construire des liens sociaux positifs et vivre une scolarité épanouie.

Emotional Regulation (ER) strategies are created depending on the attachment style, as the probability to experiment positive emotions increases. Need for Social Approval (NSA) works as a motivator that guides behavior and facilitates social adaptation, being associated positively with Mental Health (MH). Relationships between attachment styles, ER, NSA, and MH were evaluated. In total, 469 participants answered the Revised Adult Attachment Scale, the ER Questionnaire, the NSA Scale, and the MH Inventory MHI-38. Significant differences were found in all variables regarding attachment styles. Securely attached individuals had the highest psychological wellbeing and used cognitive re-evaluation as an ER strategy. NSA is conceived as a favorable social adjustment strategy that impacts individual's MH, influenced by attachment styles in interaction with ER. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les étudiants représentent une population particulièrement à risque de développer des troubles de santé mentale en général et particulièrement durant la pandémie de COVID-19. Si de nombreuses recherches montrent que le confinement a été vécu difficilement, peu en ont exploré l'évolution à travers le temps. Cet article explore le lien entre les caractéristiques individuelles, le contexte de vie, les capacités de régulation émotionnelle et la détresse psychologique des étudiants durant les deux premiers confinements de la pandémie de COVID-19 en France. Cent soixante étudiants (90 % d'étudiantes, 24 ans en moyenne) ont répondu à un questionnaire en ligne à trois reprises : pendant et après le premier confinement de la pandémie de COVID-19 en mars 2020, puis au second confinement. Les difficultés de régulation émotionnelle, la détresse psychologique, le stress aigu, les inquiétudes universitaires, les ressources financières ainsi que les échanges avec les enseignants ont été mesurés. Un modèle d'équation structurelles exploratoire a été développé pour évaluer les facteurs en lien avec la détresse psychologique (χ2 = 1459,18, ddl = 1064, CFI = 0,910, RMSEA = 0,049, SRMR = 0,068). La détresse psychologique au cours des deux confinements est expliquée par les inquiétudes universitaires et le manque de clarté et d'acceptation émotionnelle. Une relation indirecte significative est présente entre les difficultés financières, l'absence d'échanges avec les enseignants lors du premier confinement, le manque de clarté émotionnelle et la détresse psychologique vécue lors du second confinement. Des ANOVAs à mesures répétées identifient des niveaux élevés de stress aigu au cours des deux confinements, mais diminuant durant le déconfinement, indiquant un effet des mesures sanitaires sur la santé mentale des étudiants. Dans le cadre du modèle transactionnel de Bruchon-Schweiser, les capacités de régulation émotionnelle semblent jouer un rôle modérateur et central dans l'expérience de la pandémie chez les étudiants. Cette population bénéficierait d'interventions thérapeutiques adaptées dans le cadre de cette pandémie, mais aussi en temps normal. Students are at risk for mental health issues due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of lockdowns as a means to curb the spread of the disease have had an impact on this population, as observed in many international studies. However, few studies have investigated the longitudinal impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on students' mental health. We explored the relation between individual characteristics of students, context of life, difficulties in emotion regulation and psychological distress over the first two lockdowns in France during the COVID-19 pandemic. 160 university students (90% female, mean of 24 years old) responded to an online questionnaire at three times points: once during the first lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic in march 2020, a second time after this lockdown and a third time during the second lockdown. Difficulties in emotion regulation, psychological distress, acute stress, academic concerns, financial resources, and exchanges with professors were measured. An exploratory structural equations model was developed to investigate the factors related to psychological distress (χ2 = 1459.18, df = 1064, CFI = 0.910, RMSEA = 0.049, SRMR = 0.068). During both lockdowns, psychological distress was explained by academic concerns and lack of emotional clarity and acceptance. An indirect and negative significant relation was identified between financial difficulties, lack of exchanges with professors during the first lockdown, emotion clarity and experienced psychological distress during the second lockdown. Repeated measures ANOVAs identified high levels of acute stress during both lockdowns and a diminution during the deconfinement indicating an impact of sanitary measures on student's mental health. Coherently with the Bruchon-Sweiser translational model of stress, emotion regulation capacities seem to have a central and moderating role in the experience of the pandemic for students. They would benefit greatly from appropriate therapeutic interventions in this pandemic situation and in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La dépression mixte est une entité nosographique qui a gagné en visibilité, par la publication de critères dans le DSM-5 et par la meilleure prise en compte du trouble bipolaire. Elle correspond à l'existence de symptômes d'hypomanie, et particulièrement une augmentation du flux de pensées, une agitation, une impulsivité, de la distractibilité et de la labilité affective. Or ces symptômes sont centraux dans d'autres troubles et en particulier le trouble du déficit de l'attention avec ou sans hyperactivité chez l'adulte (TDAH) et le trouble de la personnalité borderline. L'observation d'une symptomatologie mixte justifie une analyse fine des symptômes et un regard longitudinal, pendant la vie entière, pour comprendre les différents aspects du développement, cognitif et affectif. Cette analyse est nécessaire pour pouvoir prendre en compte l'intrication parfois complexe de comorbidités, et proposer les approches pharmacologiques et psychothérapiques les plus adaptées. Mixed depression is a nosographic entity that has gained visibility, through the publication of specific criteria in the DSM-5, and because of a better consideration of bipolar disorder. It corresponds to the existence of symptoms of hypomania, particularly an increased stream of thoughts, agitation, impulsivity, distractibility and emotional lability. These symptoms are central to other disorders, in particular adult attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity (ADHD) and borderline personality disorder. The observation of a mixed symptomatology justifies a detailed analysis of the symptoms and a longitudinal, life-long assessment to consider the different aspects of development, both cognitive and affective. This clinical assessment is necessary in order to take into account the sometimes complex intertwining of comorbidities, and to propose the most appropriate pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Résumé La régulation émotionnelle est de plus en plus considérée comme une composante essentielle pour la réussite du développement de l’enfant. Il a été montré que ce processus influence et est influencé par différents aspects comme l’estime de soi, les interactions sociales, les problèmes comportementaux et le style parental. La présente étude vise à approfondir la recherche dans le domaine en considérant les variables de régulation émotionnelle, de qualité des amitiés et de style parental pour mieux comprendre s’il existe un lien entre elles. Quarante-neuf enfants de deux écoles primaires tessinoises (CH), âgé·e·s de 8 à 11 ans, ainsi que leurs parents ont pris part à l’étude. Les résultats ont mis en évidence la présence d’une corrélation positive significative entre la qualité des amitiés et les compétences de régulation émotionnelle, ce qui est en lien avec la littérature existante. De plus, les résultats ont montré l’existence d’un lien positif entre les dimensions de proximité et de sécurité dans les amitiés avec le score de régulation émotionnelle. Le style parental n’a quant à lui montré aucun lien avec les variables de régulation émotionnelle et de qualité des amitiés. Enfin, une nouvelle vue sur le lien entre le genre de l’enfant et le style parental est discutée. Mots clés : Régulation émotionnelle, Qualité des amitiés, Style parental, Enfants Abstract Emotional regulation is increasingly seen as an essential component for successful child development. It has been shown that this process influences and is influenced by different aspects such as self-esteem, social interactions, behavioral problems and parenting style. The present study aims to further investigate the variables of emotional regulation, quality of friendships and parenting style, to better understand if there is a link between them. Forty-nine children from two Ticino (CH) primary schools, aged 8 to 11, and their parents took part in the study. The results highlighted the presence of a significant positive correlation between the quality of friendships and emotional regulation skills, which is in line with the existing literature. In addition, the results showed the existence of a positive link between the dimensions of closeness and safety in friendships with the emotional regulation score. Parenting style, on the other hand, showed no link with the variables of emotional regulation and quality of friendships. Finally, a new view on the link between child gender and parenting style is discussed. Keywords: Emotional regulation, Quality of friendships, Parenting style, Children

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From the very beginning of life, the fetus and, later, the infant are exposed to sensorial flows. His organism, through sensorial receptors, is built to treat it and use this treatment in order to develop perceptual competencies, thus organizing his sensorimotor development. However, for several children, sensorial irritabilities could impede or limit this process. The infant could have some difficulty developing his body awareness as all the linked embodied agentivity mechanisms. For these children, the human environment attunement will help to develop tonico-emotional regulation supporting the infant's efforts to find comfort and reassurance. The early identification of these difficulties should take a central position to support the concerned families in the earliest months of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Parental Emotion Regulation Inventory 2 (PERI 2) is designed to assess parents' emotion regulation during discipline interactions with their children. The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a French translation and adaptation of the PERI 2. Two hundred and forty-six parents of children aged 1 to 3 years old participated in this study. The participants were recruited both face-to-face in a childcare centre and remotely through social networks. They were asked to fill out various questionnaires including the PERI 2 on an online platform. The adequacy indices of the confirmatory analysis were satisfying and validated a 4-factor model. The internal consistency of the overall scale and the subscales was satisfying. The convergent validity of the cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression factors showed a strong association with the global reappraisal and suppression constructs. The escape factor was positively associated with constructs measuring negative experienced emotion during discipline encounters and physical aggression in children but negatively associated with measures of over reactivity. The capitulation factor was positively associated with constructs measuring negative experienced emotion during discipline encounters, child physical aggression, and global expressive suppression. The association with the laxity factor was negative. The French version of the PERI 2 is a reliable tool to measure cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression in parents. The tool can be used in research with parents of young children in the context of disciplinary interactions. A short version could also be created for clinical use in order to assess difficulties in the emotion regulation of parents of young children and to assess treatment efficacy., (Copyright © 2024 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Dogs have a reputation for empathy toward their owners, which is also supported by some research (e.g., Carballo et al., 2020; Sanford, Burt, & Meyers-Manor, 2018). Many dog owners anecdotally report that dogs comfort them by making visual and/or physical contact when they cry or help them when they are sick. These behaviours provide a good way to assess the capacity for empathy and its physiological correlates in dogs. This study is a replication and extension of Custance and Mayer (2012). We examined whether using laughing as an alternative stimulus to humming produced similar responses to crying. Dogs were tested in their homes while a stranger and owner pretended to cry, laugh, and while the owner and stranger were talking. During each counterbalanced condition, the dog was observed for person-oriented behaviours and simultaneously had their heart rate variability measured. Like Custance and Mayer, dogs showed more behaviours directed toward the person crying, whether the owner or the stranger, than during baseline or laughing conditions. We did not find an effect of laughing on person-oriented behaviours, suggesting that dogs respond to the crying uniquely and not as a novel stimulus. In the condition when the stranger was crying, dogs that showed higher stress responses, as indicated by lower heart rate variability, were most likely to show person-oriented behaviours toward the stranger. This suggests that dogs that experience more distress, through emotional contagion, are more likely to show person-oriented behaviours toward the distressed stranger, indicating a possible mechanism for empathy-like behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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La clinique Dupré a mis en place un service d'addictologie et de consultation ambulatoire qui opère un travail de liaison au sein des unités d'hospitalisation en soins/études. Dans cet article, nous décrivons cette activité en soulignant d'abord les influences théoriques et pratiques sur lesquelles reposent nos interventions. Puis nous montrons comment les troubles de la régulation émotionnelle associés à la consommation de cannabis nous ont conduits à développer une modalité d'intervention psychothérapeutique centrée à la fois sur la réduction et/ou l'arrêt de la consommation et sur la régulation des émotions. "La clinique Dupré" is a psychiatric inpatient clinic associating long-term hospitalization and ambulatory treatment with upper secondary schooling for adolescents and young adults (care and studies program). In this article, we first describe how the recent opening of a consultation liaison in addictology was established as a response to the substance use disorder among the hospitalized adolescents. Then we show how the emotional dysregulation associated with substance use disorder drove us to develop an integrative psychotherapeutic intervention that reduces or halts the use and abuse of substances and helps to regulate emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: The categorical approach in psychiatry has received many criticisms. Modern research tends to develop a transdiagnostic approach. However, transdiagnostic works lack an overall understanding and focus mainly on anxiety and depression. The aim of the present study was to develop an easy to use tool to evaluate multiple dimensions opening the way for further research in the transdiagnostic approach. This will allow researchers to quickly assess the efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions on multiple psychopathological dimensions., Method: First, we identified the main symptoms of psychopathology in a sample of mental healthcare workers. Second, we developed the Symptomatic Transdiagnostic Test (S2T) to assess the main symptoms of psychopathology. Third, we evaluated its psychometric properties (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency) in three non-clinical samples and one clinical sample., Results: The 66-item S2T included eleven factors referring to: i) negative thoughts and mood; ii) psycho-traumatic and maladaptive symptoms; iii) addiction symptoms; iv) disturbed eating behavior; v) disturbed perception and behavior; vi) panic and agoraphobia; vii) emotional lability; viii) dejection; ix) neurodevelopmental manifestations; x) anxiety and xi) psychic hyperactivity. We found a high internal consistency for the general scale (α=0.96) and the subscales. We found a good concurrent validity. As expected, we found higher levels of symptoms within the clinical population as compared to the non-clinical samples, except for addiction symptoms and disrupted eating behavior. We found negative associations between the symptomatic dimensions and psychological skills., Conclusion: The S2T is a relevant tool for clinicians and researchers to assess the psychopathological profile. The main psychopathological symptoms are negatively related to the psychological skills., (Copyright © 2022 L'Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Cette recherche s'intéresse à la régulation émotionnelle (stratégies de coping et tempérament) des enfants et des adolescents, en fonction de leurs expériences de vie. Cent quinze jeunes sans passé de maltraitance et 117 en ayant été victimes et placés à l'Aide Sociale à l'Enfance ont passé le Kidcope évaluant leurs stratégies de coping ainsi que le questionnaire d'auto- et d'hétéro-évaluation du tempérament en sept facteurs pour l'enfant d'âge scolaire et l'adolescent. La comparaison des stratégies de coping et des dimensions tempéramentales utilisées par les enfants et les adolescents de chacun de ces deux groupes met principalement en relief des vulnérabilités de la régulation émotionnelle chez les jeunes victimes de maltraitance. Ces aspects soulignent l'importance de réfléchir à des prises en charge favorisant le développement de certaines stratégies de coping et de réduire les facteurs de stress. Ces points sont discutés à la lumière de dispositifs à visée préventive et thérapeutique utilisés pour développer les capacités d'adaptation et de régulation émotionnelle. This research aims to compare coping strategies (strategies developed to cope with stress) and temperamental dimensions used by children and adolescents have not been maltreated and those who have been. The aim of these analyzes is to identify the effects of age as well as vulnerabilities and resources for children and adolescents who have been maltreated. A total of 232 children and adolescents aged 7 to 16 years participated in this study including 115 who have never been maltreated (control group) and 117 have been maltreated and are living in foster care (placed group). Each young people responded to a scale measuring the frequency of coping strategies (Kidcope) as well as a questionnaire of temperament (questionnaire d'auto- et d'hétéro-évaluation du tempérament en sept facteurs pour l'enfant d'âge scolaire et l'adolescent). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for each coping strategy and temperamental dimension to evaluate the consequence of maltreatment on the emotional regulation, according to the slice of age. The age-based comparison of control and placed groups reveals major differences in the use of certain coping strategies as well as in the temperamental dimensions of maltreated children and adolescents. This confirms that the child's life experience influences his way of understanding his environment and affects his individual resources. The results show vulnerabilities of emotional regulation for children and adolescents who have been maltreated. These aspects underline the importance to think about supports in order to promote the development of some coping strategies and to reduce the stressors. These points will be discussed with preventive and therapeutic used to improve coping skills and emotional regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Résumé Cette étude visait à examiner les représentations parentales et l'estime de soi chez 33 participants placés en fratrie et 25 placés séparément, tous âgés entre 10 et 18 ans. Puis, les relations entre représentations parentales et estime de soi ont été examinées dans chacun des groupes. Ces deux dimensions ont été respectivement mesurées par l'échelle d'estime de soi de Rosenberg et par le Parental Bonding Instrument. Les résultats ont montré que les participants placés en fratrie étaient moins déprimés et avaient une meilleure estime d'eux-mêmes que ceux placés séparément. De plus, en dépit du fait que, dans les deux groupes, les soins parentaux étaient défaillants, les participants placés en fratrie avaient des représentations des soins parentaux plus positives. Enfin, les liens entre les représentations parentales et l'estime de soi étaient différents dans les deux groupes. Chez les enfants placés en fratrie, plus l'image des parents était positive et plus l'estime de soi était faible, confirmant ainsi l'hypothèse selon laquelle une représentation positive des soins parentaux pourrait renforcer l'idée négative que ces enfants ont d'eux-mêmes. Abstract Despite abuse, children placed in childcare homes have parental representations which are marked by ambivalence. This ambivalence is characterized by the coexistence of negative and positive representation towards their biological parents. However, the fact that positive representations towards neglecting parents persist can possibly harm self-esteem. Placement aims not only to protect the child, but also to offer him the possibility of reconstructing his self-image with more secure attachment figures. When a placement is decided, the children are entrusted to Child Welfare and are placed either with their siblings or separately. This study aims to examine the parental representations and the self-esteem of 33 children that are placed with siblings and 25 children that are placed alone; all children were between the ages of 10 and 18. Then, the relation between parental representations and self-esteem was examined in each group. Those two dimensions have been respectively measured with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale and the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). The results show that participants placed with their siblings were less depressed and had a better self-esteem than participants placed separately. Moreover, although the two groups had neglecting parents, the participants placed with their siblings had significantly better parental care representations. This study also put into light that the links between parental representations and self-esteem are significantly different whether the participant is placed with his siblings or not. Among children placed with siblings, the more positive the images of the father and the mother, the lower the self-esteem level. These results confirm the hypothesis according to which a positive parental care representation could reinforce the negative image those children have of themselves. The results also question the effects (positive or negative) of the defensive exclusion process on the evolution of self-representations among placed children. Finally, from a therapeutic point of view, they stress the importance of working on self-esteem with placed children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé But de l'étude Le délaissement parental s'inscrit dans les discontinuités de parcours des jeunes confiés à l'Aide sociale à l'enfance. Au-delà du vécu délétère subi avant placement, l'objectif de cette étude est de mesurer les liens entre le délaissement parental et la régulation émotionnelle (stratégies de coping et tempérament) d'enfants et d'adolescents accueillis en famille d'accueil. Population et méthode La population se compose de 232 jeunes âgés de 7 à 16 ans dont 115 n'ont jamais été victimes de maltraitance et vivent au sein de leur cellule familiale (groupe témoin) et 117 victimes de maltraitance et placés en famille d'accueil. Parmi eux, 97 entretiennent des contacts réguliers avec leurs parents (groupe placé non délaissé) et 20 n'ont aucun contact depuis au moins un an (groupe placé délaissé). La régulation émotionnelle des enfants et des adolescents appartenant aux groupes placés non délaissés et délaissés a été examinée sous l'angle de la fréquence des stratégies de coping (Kidcope) et du tempérament (Questionnaire d'auto et d'hétéro-évaluation du tempérament en sept facteurs pour l'enfant d'âge scolaire et l'adolescent). Une comparaison des scores a été faite avec des enfants et des adolescents du même âge qui n'ont pas été maltraités (groupe témoin). Ceux-ci constituent une référence normative. Résultats Les résultats montrent que l'absence ou la présence de liens parents/enfant est en association avec le tempérament mais pas avec les stratégies de coping. Les jeunes placés délaissés possèdent un évitement social particulièrement accru. Conclusion À la lumière de la théorie de l'attachement, cette étude souligne l'importance de parcours favorisant des personnes ressources comme point de repère et ancrage affectif des enfants placés. Abstract Objective Parental abandonment is part of trajectory discontinuity during the placement of foster children and adolescents. In addition to a deleterious experience suffered before placement, parental abandonment is considered as variable linked to emotional regulation (coping strategies and temperament dimensions) of children and adolescents in foster family. Population and methods The population is made up of 232 children and adolescents aged 7 to 16 years. Among them, 115 without maltreatment and live in their family unit (control group) and 117 victims of maltreatment and live in foster family. Of these, 97 have regular contact with their parents (not abandoned group) and 20 have had no contact for at least one year (abandoned group). Each young people answered to a scale measuring the frequency of coping strategies (Kidcope) as well as a questionnaire of temperament (Questionnaire d'auto et d'hétéro-évaluation du tempérament en sept facteurs pour l'enfant d'âge scolaire et l'adolescent). The emotional regulation of children and adolescents belonging to "not abandoned" and "abandoned" groups has been examined from the angle of the frequency coping strategies and temperament. Scores comparison was made with children and adolescents of the same age who have not been maltreated (control group). They constitute a normative reference. Results The results show that absence or presence of parent/child relation is linked to temperamental aspect but not to coping strategies. The comparison of abandoned and not abandoned groups with the control group shows that social avoidance is particularly increased among abandoned children. Fear of being judged by others seems to be exacerbated. However, a strong motor activity and compliance with adult rules and a low concentration characterize children in not abandoned group. These observations could be explained by the fact that abandoned children are more likely to benefit from the placement and are more likely to take advantage of the resources provided by the foster family. It may be assumed that because of their abandonment, abandoned children allow themselves to find a stability and emotional security in the family assistant, which helps them to recover psychically and thus to adjust the representation that they make of the authority of adults. This security base helps them to overcome this abandonment situation and they can raise more. Conclusion In the light of the theory of attachment, this study highlights the importance of trajectories favoring resource persons as a point of reference and emotional anchoring of abandoned children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What do clinicians know about emotions and emotional regulation today ? What are the paradigmatic model at our disposal and how can they help us in the adolescent field ? How do these modeles contribute to the clinical experience of the psychotherapist in his work with adolescents ? We submit a few practical and technical propositions in the processes of emotion focused adolescent psychotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé L’objectif de cet article est de proposer une synthèse des données de la littérature scientifique relatives à la gestion des émotions et à ses déficits, chez les personnes atteintes de douleur chronique. Nous avons utilisé un moteur de recherche en ligne (EBSCOhost research databases) permettant de collecter les données bibliographiques issues de cinq bases de données différentes. Quatre cent quarante-neuf articles, issus de revues internationales et publiés de 1994 (car c’est au milieu des années 1990 que ce thème commence à être traité) à fin janvier 2015, ont été identifiés à l’aide de mots clés en rapport avec les émotions et la douleur chronique. Quarante-six d’entre eux ont été sélectionnés sur la base de leur titre, de leur résumé et/ou du texte intégral et de leur correspondance avec la thématique concernée et les critères d’inclusion. Les résultats montrent que la gestion émotionnelle exerce une influence sur la douleur, le handicap, les symptômes psychopathologiques et la qualité de vie. The goal of this review is to synthesize the data of scientific literature on emotional management and its deficits in chronic pain. We used terms referenced in databases and MesH terms (of the United States National Library of Medicine) to perform a literature search in a powerful online search engine (EBSCOhost research databases). Four hundred and forty-nine papers, taken from international reviews and published of 1994 (because it is in the middle of the 1990s that this theme begins to be handle) to the end of January, 2015, are identified by a total 5 electronic databases with predefined keywords about emotions and chronic pain. Forty-six of which met the inclusion criteria, according to their title, their summary and their complete text. The findings suggest that some emotional management strategies and its deficits can maintain a vicious circle of negative emotional states with physiological and psychopathological consequences. Several studies show that alexithymia, emotional ambivalence and emotional suppression have a deleterious impact on pain, emotional distress (depression, anxiety) and disability. In spite of some contradictions concerning the nature of this effect (sensory or affective pain intensity or even duration of pain), it seems that alexithymia is a major variable implied in chronic pain. Inversely, experiential acceptance has a beneficial effect on psychological distress (depression, anxiety and stress). Emotional disclosure (of stressful or traumatic events) can decrease pain intensity but not disability and mental health. Likewise, emotional expression in daily life seems beneficial, but when the expression of the positive and negative feelings are distinguished, emotional expression of negative feelings increases pain, disability and distress. The whole of these findings emphasize the need to further research about emotional management in chronic non-cancer pain. It is necessary to identify and control the source of potential bias. Some hypotheses have been proposed to explain these findings. In the future, it would be interesting to use a multifactorial approach to investigate the interactions between various processes of emotional management in chronic pain patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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