Search

This work presents a case study that examines a complex web of cultural documentation that spans multiple record formats and creators with varying, and sometimes conflicting, perspectives. We show how recent efforts to expand and refine the archival concept of provenance may carry practical benefits for a broad range of cultural heritage professionals as they seek to organize and interpret collections that cut across distinct personal, social, institutional, and disciplinary boundaries. The case explores provenance as an interdisciplinary framework that might be applied by archives, museums, and libraries as a means to inform restitution for cultural heritage representing non-Western cultures. The case shows how an archival approach to provenance research can be an effective means through which cultural heritage professionals may evaluate the actions and underlying perspectives of record creators and subjects, hopefully leading to richer, more complete accounts of how objects have been collected by individuals as well as the communities to which they belong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As more and more wildlife is seized across the globe due to the unlawful possession, handling and trading of protected wildlife species, the wildlife which needs to be managed by enforcement agencies keeps expanding. While seizure data alone is deemed insufficient to measure the illegal wildlife trade, given the complexity of the many drivers and pressures associated, the elevated numbers of wildlife seized provide nevertheless evidence of a global illicit trade that is in progress and seemingly prospering. Disentangling what happens to seized wildlife can be difficult. By using multiple methods including documentary analysis, seizure data analysis and key informant interviews, this study examines seizure management in four countries: Kenya and Uganda in East Africa and Germany and Czech Republic in Central Europe. Wildlife continues to be treated in many instances even after seizure on the basis of continued commodification, or enters a transient state of simultaneous commodification and decommodification, which influences seizure management framing and implementation. Dismissed as the unfortunate collateral of the illegal wildlife trade, live animals, dead animals and derivatives pass in the background. While seizure management processes are underdeveloped, patchy, neglected or burdened by resource constraints, responsible authorities, institutions and individuals struggle to find adequate solutions. By laying this much-needed groundwork for understanding seizure management in practice, opportunities to build on this work to investigate more substantive questions around conservation, environmental and restorative justice are created. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transnational belonging of diasporic communities has been addressed through several different lenses within pre-existing scholarship. Forms of attachment to the native country such as the perpetuation of traditions and conventions, the commemorations of rituals, and the exportation of objects speak to the significance of maintaining ties between the here and the there. This applies to the Moroccan diaspora. However, little research exists on the importance of native soil in the construction of identity and the burial of dead Moroccan subjects in transit. This article aims to contribute to closing this existing gap. Drawing on diaspora studies and its theorisations on the multilayered attachments and transnational ties of subjects in transit, this article argues that native soil is important to Moroccan-Belgians in the burial of their deceased relatives as it shapes their identity. Studying the Moroccan-Belgian TV series Soil (2021), this article argues that Moroccan soil constitutes an essential part of the hyphenated identity of Moroccan-Belgians. Regardless of being expensive and difficult, the repatriation of the dead to be buried in the native country’s soil, in which multitudinous axes such as religious, cultural, and social factors intersect, is a cultural imperative. The family business of ‘Omar Assurance’ in Soil repatriates the dead to Morocco. After many customers complain about the high expenses of repatriation, Ismael, one of the business owners, comes up with the idea of importing soil from Morocco and burying the dead with it. The diaspora studies informed textual analysis of the TV series corroborates that the attachments of Moroccan-Belgians to Morocco and the negotiations of their identities extend to how and where they bury their dead relatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the closing stages of World War II in Europe, both the Soviet Union and the Western Allies liberated vast numbers of forced laborers and prisoners of war. At the Yalta Conference in 1945, American, British, and Soviet leaders, including Stalin, approved bilateral agreements for the mutual repatriation of their citizens in a timely and humane manner. These agreements would become the framework for the eventual repatriation of most Soviet and Allied people displaced by the war. However, the process remained fraught with tensions about how states and international organizations should treat the displaced. By the end of 1945, the Soviet Union would repatriate nearly a million Allied citizens. Unlike the hundreds of thousands of Eastern European displaced persons who refused to go to the USSR, almost all Allied citizens hoped to return to their homelands. Yet even in these relatively straightforward instances, tensions arose over the repatriation process. Questions emerged such as: What assistance did the USSR owe to the citizens of Allied states? How much latitude did Soviet officials need to grant to Allied forces to search for their displaced citizens in Red Army-held territory? These questions were most salient from 1944 to mid-1945, from the Soviet liberation of Allied nationals to the defeat of Germany and the subsequent repatriation of most Allied citizens. Soviet negotiations with their Anglo-American counterparts involved strains over US officials' attempts to assist liberated American POWs, and the perceived violation of Soviet prerogatives in Poland. In contrast, Soviet treatment of displaced persons from smaller states, particularly France, created a dynamic that placed these lesser powers in the role of supplicants. This article presents new evidence from declassified Soviet documents surrounding these issues. Soviet officials involved in repatriation aimed to maximize the concessions that the Western Allies would provide. Most of all, they sought to guarantee mutual repatriation. The transaction did not merely involve concrete policies, but also a broader search for respect and status. For Soviet officials, discussions over how to handle displaced persons were in part about establishing the USSR as a great power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Kluge-Ruhe Aboriginal Art Collection of the University of Virginia is the only museum outside of Australia dedicated to the exhibition and study of Indigenous Australian arts and cultures. From 2019 to 2021, Kluge-Ruhe partnered with the Return of Cultural Heritage program of the Australian Institute for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies to facilitate the return of cultural heritage items to Arrernte, Warlpiri, and Warumungu communities in Australia. Through such collaborative partnership with larger organizations, small museums like Kluge-Ruhe can plan, document, and implement large-scale, long-range projects like unconditional repatriation to Indigenous Australian communities. Such endeavors also help prepare smaller institutions for future projects, including internal policy writing and continued community engagement.

The article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the repatriation process of Ukrainian prisoners of war from Austria between 1918 and 1920. It examines the contributions of Ukrainian organizations, such as the Union for the Liberation of Ukraine and the Ukrainian Military and Sanitary Mission, in evacuating Ukrainian POWs, delivering humanitarian aid, and organizing cultural and educational activities. The impact of foreign policy events, as well as the policies of the Central Powers and later the Entente, in delaying the full-scale repatriation of Ukrainian POWs is also explored. The article analyses various stages of repatriation, evacuation routes, and the living conditions of Ukrainian POWs during this period using descriptive, problem-oriented, chronological, and historical-comparative methods.

The article focuses on the study and analysis of factors that have a decisive influence on the process of decision making regarding the return of citizens to their country after forced displacement caused by various crisis situations. As a result of the Russian invasion, Ukraine has found itself at the centre of significant migration processes, which have not only humanitarian but also socio-economic consequences for the state and its population. In many countries around the world, similar processes have been triggered not only by war, but also by natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods or hurricanes, forcing people to temporarily leave their homes. The research aims to identify both positive and negative factors influencing the decision of Ukrainians to return home, and to compare this with international experience, particularly in relation to natural disasters. In order to achieve the research objectives, a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach was applied, based on the analysis of a wide range of scientific works and studies in the field of migration processes. Moreover, the case-study method was employed to examine specific examples from various countries where citizens confronted analogous circumstances and made decisions regarding returning or resettling. The study conducted an in-depth analysis of the social, economic and political factors that play a role in the decision-making process regarding people's return. A classification method was applied to systematise the data, allowing for the structuring of factors and the identification of key influences. As a result of the research, several important positive and negative factors were identified that influence the decision to return. Positive factors include the improvement in the security situation, government programmes for displaced persons and the prospects for economic growth in the country as it begins to recover. At the same time, negative factors include continued military aggression, uncertainty about infrastructure reconstruction and a lack of social guarantees. It is important to note that international experience, particularly from countries affected by natural disasters, highlights the significance of stability and restoring trust in local authorities and infrastructure. The results of the study have significant practical implications for the formulation of government policies and international organisations that aim to support the process of returning citizens in post-conflict and post-disaster periods. In particular, the conclusions can serve as the foundation for creating socio-economic reintegration and adaptation programs for citizens who were forced to leave their homes. Furthermore, the data can be utilised to develop programmes that encourage displaced persons to return and further integrate into the economy. The research's originality lies in its synthesis of analyses of the impact of military conflicts and natural disasters on migration processes and decisions to return. The innovation of the work lies in the creation of a novel classification of factors that considers both the Ukrainian context and international experience. The research has the potential to serve as a foundational basis for further academic studies and as a practical instrument for the formulation of state policies that are aimed at the effective management of migration processes in the aftermath of crises.

The aim of the article is to analyse the legal situation of the children held in camps in northeast Syria. The situation in the camps is devastating and poses a threat to the children’s right to life as well as physical and mental integrity. The article explores whether the states of citizenship of these children exercise any jurisdiction over them, and if the answer is affirmative, to what extent they exercise this jurisdiction. Next, the research will focus on the question of whether the states of citizenship have the obligation to repatriate those children from Syria. To this aim, the status of these children as victims of human trafficking will be also examined. Lastly, the deliberations will focus on the policy of citizenship revocation that is applied by some states in terrorism combatting and it will be studied whether this policy can be applied to children in conformity with international law. It results from the analysis that states have obligations towards children placed in the Syrian camps being their nationals, especially an obligation to repatriate them and to enable their rehabilitation and reintegration.

AbstractTo understand the issue of the repatriation of the ancestral remains of Indigenous peoples requires a correlated understanding of the historical background of why such remains were taken without permission or stolen for research purposes. Anthropological, archaeological and anatomical research using these remains was international in scope. Therefore, current repatriation movements around the world to return Indigenous ancestral remains are inseparably linked to global efforts to decolonize. This paper focuses on the repatriation movements in Australia and Japan, seeking to clarify how Indigenous remains were collected or stolen by European or Japanese researchers, through a comparative study of cases in Australia and Japan. It argues that the repatriation movement in the latter lags far behind the global trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces the ideas of provenance and provenience as a methodological approach to the study of photography from and in colonial contexts. It argues that rendering visible in this way the complex microhistories and photographic occasions of colonization, is an essential precondition to considering what a decolonization of photography could actually look like. Retracing a photograph’s trajectory back in time as image, object, and practice at times not only allows it to be reconnected to the exact place and moment in which it has been produced, but also shows its entanglement with other objects and actors as a lived experience. While this approach has value for studying photography at large, it is developed here through a series of 17 photographs showing a so-called first-fruits ceremony (ingcubhe), all taken on the same photographic occasion in the South African Umzimkhulu district in March 1899. Only by matching historical and present photographic frames and framings are descendants of the photographed and other stakeholders able to engage collectively with the photographs and their histories. It follows that it is more appropriate to the medium’s nature to think through the process of returning such photographs to their place of origin, not as a visual repatriation, but first of all as a visual reconnection. Reconnecting historical photographs to the exact space and time of their production through the research method repeat photography eventually creates new photographic occasions, which in turn are able to socially reanimate old ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite international legal frameworks designed to protect them, the Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh face a critical situation characterized by a severe lack of legal status and inadequate humanitarian aid. This research uses a qualitative approach to examine the gap between these international laws and their actual implementation, focusing specifically on the Rohingya crisis. The study identifies significant deficiencies in the application of international refugee law, particularly the failure to grant the Rohingya adequate legal recognition, which has led to systemic denial of basic human rights such as education, healthcare, and legal protection. The findings highlight the limitations of both international and national legal frameworks in addressing the statelessness of the Rohingya, exacerbating their vulnerability. This research concludes with strategic recommendations for reforming legal frameworks at both international and national levels to enhance the protection mechanisms for the Rohingya and similar vulnerable groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1976, Israel physically planted USA Independence Park over the ruins of eight Palestinian villages it depopulated during the Nakba, which are located near Jerusalem. The creation of this 'protected area' over 'Allar, Bayt 'Itab, Dar al-Sheikh, Dayr Aban, Dayr al-Hawa, Jrash, Khirbat al-Tannur, and Sufla was sponsored by US taxpayers. This article critically analyzes Israel's design of this park as a device to seize Palestinian land, bar the original inhabitants from returning, purge their memories, and greenwash its settler colonial undertaking. Zionism and Western environmentalism are featured as the ideological underpinnings of Israeli green colonialism. Subsequently, this research unearths the history of the eight villages Israel desperately attempted to bury, comprising the Arabic names of central landmarks, and reaffirms the claims of the Indigenous inhabitants to their stolen lands. By translating and transcribing interviews with Nakba survivors, the article not only salvages Palestinian memory, but also maps the return of refugees. Its aim is to serve as an anticolonial archive, while sketching the pre-1948 lifeways, wisdoms, and values of these villagers to galvanize readers into action oriented towards universal justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Turtles are being subjected to unprecedented collection for the illegal wildlife trade, but only a portion of the trade is detected. When confiscations do happen, wildlife agencies must decide what to do with those animals—euthanize them, place them in permanent captivity, or release them back into the wild. We present a case study of a confiscation of > 200 eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) and our efforts to repatriate them back to the wild. Twenty-five percent of turtles died in captivity, and at least another 33% died during the soft-release phase. Approximately half of the confiscated turtles survived until they were released from their soft-release pen 9 months post-confiscation. For each phase, from the time turtles were seized until released, we describe our objectives, the challenges we encountered, and our recommendations for improving future turtle confiscations. Given the extended stressful conditions that confiscated turtles often experience before being seized, it is important to recalibrate our expectations regarding future confiscation outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the complexity of refugee management, humanitarian crises, and the political and diplomatic challenges of hosting Sudanese refugees camped at Metema from 1964 to 1991. Despite its potential wealth, Sudan has experienced recurring power struggles, military coups, and humanitarian crises that have displaced civilians from their homes. Thousands of Sudanese Ansar civilians displaced from several localities in North Sudan due to devastating conflicts and power struggles between the Ansar political elites and the government of Jaffar al-Nimeiri camped at the Ethiopian border district of Metema (1964-91). The Ansars, who claimed themselves fellows of Imam al-Mahdi, were devoted militant Muslims determined to militarily remove Nimeiri. However, the countermeasures provoked hostility and displaced civilians. The first Ansar refugees camped at Metema in 1964, but a large-scale and massive influx appeared in 1970 and 1976. In 1970 and 1976, Ansar military officers masterminded attempted coups against the Nimeiri regime. When the coups failed, the loyalist forces of Nimeiri destroyed Aba Island, the power base of the Ansars and took repressive measures against the civilians. Frustrated by repressive state measures, Ansars left for Metema and camped at three separate sites until 1991. Overcoming challenges, Ethiopia provided protection and facilitated humanitarian aid to the Sudanese refugees. In sum, Ethiopia attempted to facilitate peace talks between the refugees and the Sudanese government, aimed at repatriating the refugees. However, hosting refugees affected interstate relations and contributed to the entangled diplomacy between both countries. The researcher produces this article based on a critical analysis of untapped archives of the imperial and Derg periods and contemporary periodical sources kept at the Gondar Archive Center. In addition, the researcher conducted in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with selected elders in Gendawuha, Kokit, Kumer, and Metema Yohannes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The repatriation of human remains has gained significant momentum in recent decades; however, little attention has been given to the experiences of recipient groups through these repatriations. This paper is centred on Central Australia, where repatriations have become a regular occurrence against a backdrop of strong social and racial tensions. These tensions wax and wane, lessening around regular cultural events and heightening with the summer heat and the strain of frequent sorry business (mourning). In this context, this paper follows the repatriation of an Anangu man, Yukun, to his close family who reburied him at Uluru in October 2022. The land council anthropologist who mediated the repatriation wrote this piece collaboratively with two senior descendants of Yukun. In 1934, police officer Bill McKinnon unjustifiably killed Yukun. Without the community's knowledge, his remains were later exhumed during a Commonwealth Inquiry. Yukun's death was well-known to Anangu and well-documented; his repatriation has not been examined in the same depth. Throughout the truth-telling process, the family was confronted with acts of historical violence, but this culminated in Yukun being finally laid to rest. This paper explores how processing this information conveyed emotional challenges that ultimately resulted in the family finding closure. The reburial enabled the constructive reintegration of Yukun into their lives. Finally, this paper considers the role of the anthropologist in supporting the family or community throughout the process. The aim of this is to provide insights encouraging a more humane approach which prioritises the recipients' emotional needs in reconciling past injustices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geoconservation Research is the property of Geoconservation Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

While domestic student--international student interactions have received attention in the literature as a means of advancing internationalization at home (IaH), the potential contributions of domestic students who return from international educational experiences (IEEs) have been noted but remain largely unexplored. This article seeks to initiate a conversation on this topic by identifying mechanisms through which such knowledge transfer might happen, barriers it might face, and possible approaches to facilitate greater knowledge transfer. The article's analysis draws upon three antecedent bodies of literature to reflect upon findings from 20 original interviews with domestic returnee alumni of a comprehensive university in Ontario, Canada. The bodies of literature concern (1) foreign international students and IaH, (2) the experiences of domestic returnees, and (3) repatriate knowledge transfer (RKT) in business settings. The article finds that domestic returnees and their knowledge can make useful contributions to institutional efforts to promote IaH. It also identifies challenges, obstacles, and opportunities associated with domestic returnees as knowledge sources and nonmobile domestic students as knowledge recipients. Key findings include that returnees are less likely to share if they fear being the stereotypical student who only wants to talk about their IEE, but they tend to enjoy sharing in balanced conversations where their interlocutor has similar knowledge to share in return. The article applies its findings by proposing examples of intentional institutional efforts to incorporate returnees into IaH, including modifications to pre-departure and re-entry workshops and approaches to selecting and designing IaH events focused on domestic returnees' experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Rohingya issue is one of the most devastating humanitarian crises of the current century as more than a million Rohingyas fled to Bangladesh because of Myanmar persecution. Although the process of repatriation is still considered to be the main key to solving this problem, providing the Rohingya people with a qualitatively safe and worthy return is not without difficulties. This study examines Rohingya repatriation by assessing the interaction between human rights and policies. The concerns namely security and statelessness and legal identity which are central to the question of viability of repartees are discussed. The political legal and practical barriers inside Myanmar and other reforms on the global level are also explored. The study evaluates the effectiveness of the current frameworks of repatriation by reviewing the present repatriation agreements and policy documents, as well as by pointing to further gaps that could exist to serve the human rights aspect and as for the far more pragmatic concept of policy implementation. It argues that both the idea that sustainable repatriation can be achieved without considering human rights consequences and the idea that can be achieved without effective policy solutions are useless. Based on the observations and arguments made in the study, the following recommendations are made: The return process should be safe, voluntary, and dignified for the Rohingya; the international community should increase its commitment to and engagement for human rights protection in Myanmar and other countries, including Bangladesh; and the latter should respect the existing and future international human rights norms and ensure their application across the territories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sozial Extra is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is devoted to the reconstruction of the civil status and social practices of WWI prisoners of war who remained permanently in Russia/Soviet Union and ended up in Kazakhstan. Chronologically, the study covers the period from 1914 to 1939. Based on the materials of archival and investigative cases of former prisoners of war who became victims of mass repressions during the Great Terror, aspects of migration and social mobility, including repatriation, naturalization, civil status, and the status of foreigners, and discriminatory and repressive policies are considered. It is concluded that the dynamics of the status and the diversity of adaptation practices of former prisoners of war were determined by a number of external and internal political factors. For former prisoners of war, captivity became not only a trauma but also a social marker that secured their status as "former," which ultimately made them marginals in Soviet society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This writing that builds on the intellectual labor of Alutiiq/Sugpiaq and Yup'ik Elders, writers, and cultural workers proposing the analytic of felt structures. Bundling Sugpiaq concepts of lla (weather, atmosphere, universe) and anerneq una (breath, energetic body), felt structures are potentially reparative and liberatory. Practically, the method is short form: a performance, a text, a sculpture, a breath, a stitch, a garment, or a song. In the brevity of short form, opacity is deployed. Short forms (gesturing towards cultural practices) gather over time, building towards insistence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing empirical insights from NGOs working on statelessness, repatriation and children’s rights relating to children residing in al-Hol and Roj camps in North-East Syria, I explore critiques of UK government decision-making concerning repatriation amid unprecedented use of citizenship deprivation powers affecting ISIS-associated children which has enforced parent-child separation. A policy gap is created where children are unable to be returned with caregivers if citizenship is deprived. Adoption of a case-by-case approach rather than coherent policy response to repatriation prolongs children’s detainment within insecure camps. Using a critical race lens, I advance theoretical understanding of spatio-temporal logics of (in)securitisation within the context of counter-terrorism policies affecting British children in NES camps through convergence of violent conflict, citizenship deprivation and state failure to repatriate. A children’s right approach to repatriation decision-making is required to ensure British children’s safe return and right to family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis qualitative study examined the experiences of return migrant women from Kosova to contribute to literature on repatriation. Grounded in postcolonial and transnational feminist theories and through a Critical Discourse Analysis of interviews with return migrant women, the study examined dominant discourses which shape the repatriation process in Kosova. Key findings illustrate that returnee women are impacted by and contribute to discourses of comparison, discourses of remigration, and discourses of gender. Returnee women use these discourses to navigate repatriation, while being impacted by intersections of gender and migration. These findings suggest that discourses of comparison often lead returnee women to consider re-migrating rather than reintegrating upon return. In addition, findings offer new insights into how the ability of returnee women to repatriate is hindered by gender norms and family structures which limit them to the domestic realm. Considering this, using a transnational feminist lens when looking at repatriation in the future is crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What does it mean to decolonize or undiscipline the anthropology museum? What happens when the museum is confronted by Indigenous and descendant communities who demand an ethic of care rooted in relational ontologies and epistemologies? This article features Indigenous creativity as it has disrupted 'business as usual' in anthropology museums. This is primarily evidenced by Fork Peck Tribes who confronted the University of Montana to enact a long-overdue repatriation. Additional examples from The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at Harvard demonstrate diverse expressions of relationality among Indigenous and descendant communities. These interventions are analyzed through Critical Indigenous Theory to specify the ways in which Indigenous religious traditions refuse the narratives and norms of settler colonial knowledge production and undermine the imperial museological practices of preservation. Instead, relationality is prioritized in the caretaking of and connection with more-than-human entities and materials in the museum. This article emphasizes relationality and repatriation as religious acts that challenge assumptions embedded in imperial and settler colonial approaches to history and science. From various social locations and through multiple strategies, we see the active undisciplining of the museum by Indigenous and descendant communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides the first comprehensive empirical analysis of global profit repatriation as a mechanism of uneven development, thereby challenging the development model of Foreign Direct Investment. Between 2005 and 2020, transnational corporations repatriated an annual average of one trillion USD, corresponding each year to 4.2% of the global FDI stock. Net profit flows take on a centripetal form: the biggest net losers are middle‐income countries such as the Russian Federation, Brazil, and Nigeria; the winners are a few high‐income countries, above all the United States. By analysing the impact of profit repatriation on accumulation dynamics in net profit exporting and importing countries, and by examining the exploitative conditions under which profits are generated in the former, we situate our findings in current theoretical debates on uneven development and geographical transfer of value, as well as on the intertwining of capitalism's class and geographical antagonisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent history of the Ukrainian authoritarian far right is one of paradoxes. If one looks at the polls, it has performed poorly; its modest successes have been regional and short-lived. On the other hand, it has been highly successful in terms of shaping memory politics in the country. It has had a disproportional influence on history writing, having invested significant efforts into building an effective structure in the field of memory management. Radical nationalists have also come to staff senior positions as deans and vice chancellors at Ukraine's top universities, the ministry of education, the Ukrainian Institute of National Memory (UINP), and the archives of the Ukrainian Security Service (HDA SBU). The hard right has gained a disproportionate influence on "soft issues" of identity and the shaping of "national memory" – not only by running the governmental memory institutes, but also by hands-on drafting of memory laws outlawing "disrespect" for the OUN, the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), and other historical far-right groups. This study seeks to trace and contextualize the repatriation of the ethnonationalist hard right from emigration and its role in shaping an infrastructure of memory production – in particular, under presidents Yushchenko (2005–2010) and Poroshenko (2014–2019). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the conceptual framework of political and physical homelessness as embodiments of precarious homelessness, emanating from the palpable characteristics of housing. This physical housing doesn't just provide shelter, it also gives people a sense of political identity and belonging to a home or country. The uphill Tamil community, coerced into migratory movements from India to Sri Lanka for plantation labor, confronted a formidable existence marked by precarious homelessness. This community nurtured a perception that the absence of their personal dwelling impeded a sense of belonging to the Sri Lankan nation. Even subsequent to acquiring Indian citizenship and repatriating, their precarious homelessness endured during their post-repatriation phase due to transient or inadequate housing conditions in India. This state of precarious homelessness begets housing insecurity and prolonged psychological adversities, encompassing apprehension, strain, and anguish among the Hill Country Tamils. By propounding this framework, the study not only enhances understanding of homelessness dynamics, but also provides scholars and policymakers with a holistic view to address homelessness among stateless and displaced populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tanzania has witnessed a lively debate and varied perspectives from different ethnic groups about repatriation of ancestral, human remains. National discussions have emphasized repatriation claims for the remains of well-known chiefs, such as Mangi Meli of the Chaga, Songea Mbano of the Ngoni, Liti Kidanka of the Nyaturu, and Kitentemi of the Isanzu ethnic group. There remains a lack of consensus on the proper methodology of how and in what contexts to repatriate such remains. The repatriation of human remains is not a new endeavor in Tanzania. Yet, this article argues for the need to engage descendant ethnic groups in a meaningful way and to develop different frameworks to support the repatriation process. This article also contributes a new perspective to the global discourse on best practices in repatriating ancestral, human remains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between 1949 and 1980, voluntariness became a key element in West Germany’s post-fascist migration regime, intended to ethically frame the forced deportations of migrants. Voluntariness appeared in German migration legislation as a euphemistic term for forced removals. Politicians and lawyers emphasized the need to offer voluntary repatriation to those facing inevitable deportation. To avoid any association with Nazi deportations, both liberals and ‘former’ Nazis involved in Germany’s migration policy underscored the notion of voluntariness in what were essentially forced deportations. The paradigm of voluntariness in repatriation management was influenced by a specific German need to denazify deportations and migration practices, as well as by a global shift towards voluntariness associated with liberalization, decolonization, development, Cold War rivalries and the rise of liberal internationalism. Global practices and discourses of return migration both emerged from and helped shape this paradigm of voluntariness, as the liberalizing world sought to distance itself from its fascist legacy and align with emancipatory and progressive ideals, despite the ongoing deportation of migrants from the Global South. I argue that West Germany played a significant role in shaping and globalizing the concept of voluntary repatriation within this historical context, transforming it from a paradigm into a dispositive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Fall of the Wall and the resulting contemporary historical changes dramatically changed my personal and professional life. My personal memories should bear out that impression. Being responsible for the merger of the Deutsche Bücherei Leipzig and the Deutsche Bibliothek Frankfurt meant not only an organisational, but also a deeply human experience. This kind of cooperation was also clear in the repatriation negotiations for "looted books", which later became possible, but failed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the author's personal journey from studying the TMT dispute on Mauna Kea to becoming an advocate for the Native Hawaiian community. It highlights the value of engaged scholarship, which involves building relationships with communities and participating in advocacy efforts. The author emphasizes the importance of community-led decision-making and the need for scholars to navigate the complexities of advocacy while maintaining scholarly integrity. The text also discusses the author's involvement in a project to create toolkits based on the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples for Indigenous communities, and reflects on the lessons learned from their experiences. [Extracted from the article]

The latest historiographical trends are revealing how the end of colonialism has influenced the political and social configuration of former metropolitan centres. In particular, the return of former colonial settlers has raised a series of issues that have resonated in European political debates and societies. In Italy, these processes were shaped by a peculiar decolonization process, coinciding with the equally tortuous transition from fascism to the Republic. Drawing on recent historiography on the return of colonial settlers, and expanding the chronological span and methodological scope of previous works through original archival sources, my intervention aims to reconstruct how imperial nostalgia became a political resource exploited by both repatriate associations and conservative political factions. Although similar to contemporaneous cases, in Italy colonial commemorative practices had peculiarities linked to the role of Catholicism and to the fact that far right and even neo-fascist movements exploited the demands of repatriates for their own political benefit. This article thus broadens the historiographical understanding concerning the decline of Italy's empire and deepens the analysis of its lasting impacts on the politics and society of Republican Italy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of The L N Gumilyov Eurasian National University Political Science Regional Studies Oriental Studies Turkology Series is the property of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Women from European countries have joined ISIS in considerable numbers, whether as perpetrators or passive attendants. Possible reasons for Western recruits have included seeking an identity, searching for excitement, and the romantic aspect of a new life. Despite the unknown numbers, many ISIS-affiliated from different nationalities are currently held in Turkish prisons. This article aims to contribute to women's radicalization and a gap in knowledge of ISIS women. Drawing on first-person 8 interviews at the Istanbul Repatriation Center in October 2020, the study indicates that the romantic aspect works as a catalyzer. The topic would be better elaborated by leaning on personal reasons. Key findings aim to demystify the assumptions of gendered radicalization. Further, discussions emerge from these findings, which have implications for methodology, theory, and policy and open prospects to generate avenues for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Oriental Studies (Al-Farabi Kazakh National University) / Kazahskij Nacional'nyj Universitet Imeni Al'-Farabi Vestnik Seriâ Vostokovedeniâ is the property of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, we discuss South African heritage management, and how it has shaped the role institutions play in protecting heritage 100 years ago versus today. Museums and universities are in a difficult position as they address past unethical archaeology and palaeoanthropology practices while implementing transformation and decolonisation approaches to protect and share heritage inclusively. We outline some of the complexities that museums, universities, and heritage bodies face in navigating human evolution research, site and material access, potential returns, repatriations or reburials, curation and the development of accessible educational content in a contemporary context. Significance: Museums, heritage agencies and universities have been the custodians of archaeological and palaeoanthropological heritage for a long time. In the past, conserving heritage was more about advocating race-based scientific study and advancing the colonial agenda. One hundred years later, this landscape has changed, but is not perfect. The complexities of heritage management, museum curation and collection, repatriation, and how we teach and share human evolution are many. Those navigating these complexities strive for a transformed and inclusive custodianship in an often difficult socio-political landscape, while simultaneously protecting and sharing our heritage.

As more and more wildlife is seized across the globe due to the unlawful possession, handling and trading of protected wildlife species, the wildlife which needs to be managed by enforcement agencies keeps expanding. While seizure data alone is deemed insufficient to measure the illegal wildlife trade, given the complexity of the many drivers and pressures associated, the elevated numbers of wildlife seized provide nevertheless evidence of a global illicit trade that is in progress and seemingly prospering. Disentangling what happens to seized wildlife can be difficult. By using multiple methods including documentary analysis, seizure data analysis and key informant interviews, this study examines seizure management in four countries: Kenya and Uganda in East Africa and Germany and Czech Republic in Central Europe. Wildlife continues to be treated in many instances even after seizure on the basis of continued commodification, or enters a transient state of simultaneous commodification and decommodification, which influences seizure management framing and implementation. Dismissed as the unfortunate collateral of the illegal wildlife trade, live animals, dead animals and derivatives pass in the background. While seizure management processes are underdeveloped, patchy, neglected or burdened by resource constraints, responsible authorities, institutions and individuals struggle to find adequate solutions. By laying this much-needed groundwork for understanding seizure management in practice, opportunities to build on this work to investigate more substantive questions around conservation, environmental and restorative justice are created.