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Introduction: Thyroid eye disease (TED) is the most common extra thyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease. TED is characterized by inflammatory reactions to the orbital and periocular tissues which cause discomfort and pain and also result in eyelid malposition and exophthalmos, distorting self-image and provoking psychological or social problems. The activity and severity of thyroid eye disease is diverse as well. Hence the current study was undertaken to understand the prevalence of various manifestations of Thyroid eye disease and its associated factor, which would guide further in appropriate management and patient care. Methodology: A hospital based cross-sectional study was done in 400 adult patients with thyroid dysfunction attending tertiary care hospital, after obtaining ethical committee clearance. Patients' with-out thyroid dysfunction with other ocular manifestations, incoherent patients and those who were not willing to participate were excluded. Patients were selected by convenient sampling method during study period of February 2020 to February 2023.Detailed systemic medical and ophthalmological examination was done. Data collected using semi structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done in SPSS version 20, using student t test and chi-square test with P<0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of the 400 patients in this study, there were 175(43.5%) males and 225(56.5%) female patients. Age ranges from 18-78 years with mean ± Standard deviation (SD) of age being 48.14 ± 15.82. TED was seen in 168(42%) of patients. CAS score = 3 was seen in 62 (15.5%) patients. Foreign body sensation was the most common eye manifestation seen in 256(64%), followed by dry eye in 171(42.75%). Conclusion: Mean TSH and CAS score was high in patients with TED when compared to patients without TED. Higher mean age, male gender, hypothyroid status, higher mean duration of thyroid disorder, lower free T3, lesser free T4, higher TSH, and smoking were significantly associated with patients with CAS =3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Behcet's disease (BD) is classified among inflammatory vascular diseases, affecting vessels of all kinds and sizes thus affecting every tissue and organ, with unknown aetiology. Considering low frequency with which this condition occurs, variation with the signs of symptoms, lack of specific test for diagnosis, this study was done to understand the clinical behaviour of patients with BD, which will aid in diagnosing and managing patients with BD and also relapses and other associated conditions. Methodology: A hospital-based study was done in 50 adult patients of either sex, diagnosed with BD in a tertiary care hospital after obtaining ethical committee clearance during February 2020 to January 2023. The diagnosis was based on the diagnostic criteria laid down by the International Team for the Revision of the International Criteria for Behçet's Disease (ITR-ICBD). Results of laboratory tests, including HLA-B5, HLA-B51, and HLA-B27, were recorded. NSAIDS, steroids and immunomodulating drugs were prescribed, either individually or in combination, to treat the disease. Data analysis was done using SPSS 20. Data represented as frequency percentage and bar diagrams. Results: Majority of the patients with BD belong to age group of 41 - 60 years (84%) with mean age of the patients being 42.3±8.4. BD was seen more in males (68%). Oral apthous (94%) ulcers were the most common manifestations followed by skin lesions (52% includes erythema nodosum, pseudo folliculitis and others) and ocular involvement (50% includes anterior uveitis, posterior uveitis, pan uveitis and retinal vasculitis). Pathergy test was positive in 62% of patients. Out of 50 patients 62% had positive HLA B5, followed by HLA B51 (40%) and HLA B27 (8%). Conclusion: BD is more common in younger age group with mean age 42.3 years and in males. Most of the patients were positive for HLAB5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Irradiated semi-conductor particles used to remove pollutants and microorganisms behave according to the principles of photocatalysis. TiO2 is used as a photocatalyst in paints and pigments. Toxic metal ions are effectively removed by the addition of substances that are hole scavengers. Photocatalytic activities have a square root dependence on photon-flux effects. The photocatalytic activities of TiO2 are discussed.

Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) studies of the interaction of nine metals with CdTe powder reveal four chemical reactivity types. Two thermodynamic models help discuss the reactivity patterns. Examination of virgin and chemically etched CdTe surfaces reveals different reactivity trends with the metal, and electronic properties of metal/CdTe contacts help explain the results. DSC is an efficient method for examining alterations in CdTe surface chemistry due to etch treatment.