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In this original scientific paper, the content of crude fiber and total sugars in three different fruit products (cherry compote, rosehip marmalade and plum jam) in correlation with the production process and storage time was examined. All tests were conducted in the Laboratory of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Tuzla. The test results showed that in all fruit products a higher content of non-reducing sugars than reducing and sucrose was recorded. Also, the highest content of crude fiber was obtained in the S5 sample for rosehip marmalade and was 1.11%, while the lowest was recorded in the S1 sample for cherry compote and was 0.011%.

People's interest in the safe use of food has existed since ancient times, so that even today there is a global demand for the production of food that can be used without risk to health. Contaminants, as well as the type and location of grazing can affect the physico-chemical and sensory properties of honey. The aim of the study was to examine the microbiological validity and sensory properties of honey from two different areas in Tuzla Canton. The research included three samples of forest honey from the Kladanj area and three samples of flower honey from the Lukavac area. In addition to microbiological analyzes and sensory properties, the concentration of HMF in honey was determined as an indicator of heating and inappropriate storage of honey. All samples were microbiologically correct. The sample of flower honey L1, which did not meet the criteria prescribed by the Regulation on Honey and Other Bee Products, was not sensory evaluated. L1 sample was not sensory evaluated due to an increased HMF content of 105.38 mg/kg. Based on sensory analysis, the samples of flower honey from Lukavac were better evaluated than forest honey from Kladanj. Statistical analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the mean values for the sensory properties of purity and color.

The study aimed to examine the quality of honey from the Middle Podrinje area (Bosnia and Herzegovina). The research included a total of 21 samples of honey from the Middle Podrinje area: 12 samples of honey florals (municipalities of Srebrenica and Milići), 9 samples of acacia honey (municipalities of Zvornik and Bratunac). Physico-chemical parameters were determined as the main composition criteria for quality assessment in honey samples: mass fraction of water, total acidity, electrical conductivity, and ash. Samples of honey florals are of poorer quality compared to acacia honey, two samples had values of water content and acidity above the values prescribed by the Regulation. Statistical analysis showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the arithmetic means of the water content for floral honey, the electrical conductivity of acacia honey, and the free acid content for both types of honey. Honey samples that met the criteria prescribed by the Regulation were sensory evaluated by experienced analysts. Two samples of floral honey that did not meet the criteria prescribed by the Regulation were not sensory evaluated. Based on sensory analysis, samples of floral honey from the municipality of Milići had better sensory characteristics compared to the same type of honey from the municipality of Srebrenica. Acacia honey from the municipality of Zvornik was rated better than honey from the municipality of Bratunac.

In addition to soda, the Solway production process yields large amounts of waste sludge that contains a high percentage of CaCO3 and Ca(OH)2. In this paper, solid waste sludge from a soda factory in Bosnia and Herzegovina of a certain granulation was used to remove metal ions from the binary system initial concentrations of 500 mg/L. The research results showed that the precipitation efficiency for the binary system Cu - Ni was 99.810% at a pH of 11.42 for Cu2+ and 99.896% for Ni2+ at a pH of 10.86, while for the binary system Pb - Zn it was 99.84% at the same pH value of 10.64. This research has shown that it is very difficult to separate and remove metal precipitation from binary systems because the optimal pH for one metal does not correspond to another metal.

Chemical precipitation is a useful conventional process to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. In this work, a waste sludge from the Solway process was used as a precipitation agent for the precipitation of Cu (II), Ni (II), Pb (II) and Zn (II) ions with an initial concentration of 50 mg/L. The results of the research showed that the waste sludge from the Solway process completely removed Pb (II) ions from the solution in the pH range of 8.39 -11.74, also good efficiency was shown in other cations. The maximum precipitation efficiency for Cu (II) is 99.890% at pH 10.98, Ni (II) 99.940% at pH 11.81, Zn (II) 99.616% at 10.1. Waste sludge is proved to be a good precipitate for cation separation.

Indigenous fruit varieties are the wealth and natural resource of every country. Their importance is reflected, in addition to economic and biological, through the growing consumer interest in consuming fruits produced without the use of chemicals. Proper and accurate identification and preservation of valuable assortment has resulted in studies of the physicochemical and pomological properties of the fruits of ten pear varieties and their comparison with standard varieties. The usable value of pear fruits is multiple. It is used for liqueurs, vinegar, fruit salads, jams, jam, as dried fruit. The aim of the study is to determine the pomological and chemical properties of indigenous pear varieties and their comparison with standard pear varieties grown in northern Bosnia. The size of the fruit was quite different in the tested varieties and ranged from very small to extremely large fruits with the content of total acids slightly lower than the standard varieties. The research was supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Science as part of a scientific research project entitled "Investigation of phenological and pomological characteristics of indigenous pear varieties in north-eastern Bosnia".

The study included 30 autochthonous pears with analysis of the following parameters: blooming time, fruit ripening time, fruit weight, fruit height, fruit width, fruit index, fruit juice length, pH value of juice, total acidity mmol / 100 g, total acidity (%), pectin substances % Ca-pectate, raw fiber %, vitamin C mg / 100 g, natural invert sugar%, total invert sugar %, total phenol mg / 100 g fruit, soluble dry substance (° Brix).The aim of the research is to study the phenological and pomological characteristics of a detailed description of autochthonous varieties and to make chemical analysis of the fruit of a recommendation on the value of the fruit of the most interesting autochthonous pears in north-eastern Bosnia. This would at the same time create preconditions for recording these varieties on the sort list of Bosnia and Herzegovina and their further reproduction and marketing.The fruits of domestic varieties are seldom available. Given the opinion that domestic varieties are more resistant to diseases and some pests, they do not require a large number of chemical treatments and require no intensive care can be more easily adapted to organic cultivation, which is a trend in fruit productionThe differences in the blooming dynamics of autochthonous varieties of BiH indicate that this is an important detail that must be take care when expanding them, that is, introducing them into plantation cultivation and selecting pollinator varieties. The obtained values of soluble dry matter for all tested pear varieties (except Kajzerica kasna 9.75 Brix) had a value greater than 10.0˚ Brix, and according to this parameter, are suitable for marketing and processing according to the current legislation. The native varieties examined in this paper had values from 0.10 to 0.58% from the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the tested varieties were not supplied with Ca-pectate. Based on the average content of vitamin C in the fruit of the pear, it can be concluded that the tested autochthonous and domestic varieties have an extremely good content of vitamin C, 15 out of 20 varieties have a higher content of vitamin C than the average or 75%. Research has been supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Science within the framework of a scientific research project entitled "Investigating the phenological and pompological characteristics of indigenous pears in Northeast Bosnia".

The assortment of pear in BiH is very diverse. A significant contribution to the cultivation of a large number of sorts and varieties of pears was contributed by the constant migration of people who carried and planted fruit trees with them. The largest number of fruit varieties and pears in BiH came from two directions. From the east with the Ottoman Empire and from the west with the arrival of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The pear, as a fruit species, takes a significant place in fruit production, considering that it can be grown in a wide range of climatic conditions, different ripen times, from early summer to late autumn, and multi-purpose use.The fact is that many varieties of pears arrived from Turkey centuries ago and that they were preserved and retained in BiH. This fact is corroborated by the names of variety / Karamut, Jeribasma, Black Izmir and others The paper analyzes the following parameters: pH, total acidity in mmol / 100 g, pectic substance% Ca-pectinate, raw fiber (%), vitamin C in mg / 100 gr, natural invert (%), total invert (%), total phenols in mg / 100 g of fruit, soluble dry matter (° Brix).The aim of this paper is to determine the usable value and, therefore, the possibility of introducing standard cultivars grown in Turkey to our area through physical and chemical analysis of fruits of indigenous and standard pear trees. The juice of the tested variety has a lower pH value than the reference values. Low supply of Ca pectate. Vitamin C content is above average. The tested varieties in terms of soluble dry matter content meet the applicable legal framework.

The quality of mineral water is conditioned by a number of factors, primarily the quality of water in the water source. The aim of this study was to determinate content of Ni2+ and Mn2+ ions in the mineral water, after treatment by selective ion-exchange column. The primary objective of investigated technological process was optimal performance of the column, during the processing of water, so that the content of Ni2+ and Mn2+ ions in the mineral water, after treatment reduce to allowable concentration, and the concentration of Mg2+ ions in the mineral water decreases insignificantly, and thereby the cost of water treatment are not increased. Also, during the study, was determined the effect of application of ion - exchange columns in the physico-chemical water parameters, such as turbidity of the water, the water hardness and pH value.

Chemical precipitation is the most widely used method for heavy metal removal from water, and its effectiveness depends on several factors such as the type and initial concentration of heavy metals present in water, the precipitating agent used and the pH of the solution. In this paper an experiment of chemical precipitation and removal of Pb(II) and Zn(II) from their monocomponent and two-component aqueous solutions was carried out in a laboratory by batch process, using sodium carbonate as precipitating agent. The influence of initial concentrations of Pb(II) and Zn(II) and pH values of their aqueous solutions on the efficiency of precipitation and removal of lead and zinc ions was examined. By increasing the pH of the aqueous solutions, a higher efficiencies of chemical precipitation and removal of Pb(II) and Zn(II) were obtained, with higher removal efficiencies being achieved for the lead. The efficiency of removal of heavy metals was higher in solutions that had higher initial concentrations of heavy metal ions.

The effect of pH and initial concentration on the removal of Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions from their monocomponent and two-component aqueous solutions using Na2CO3 as a chemical precipitation agent was investigated in this paper. Monocomponent aqueous solutions of Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions with their initial concentrations of 50 and 500 mg/L and two-component aqueous solution with initial concentration of 500 mg/L were prepared. The precipitation was carried out by batch method at room temperature by stirring the solution at 300 rpm for 5 minutes, resulting in the formation of precipitates. The resulting precipitate was separated by filtration from the solution. The experiment proved that Na2CO3 is a good agent for removing Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions from their monocomponent water solutions of 50 and 500 mg/L concentration and two-component water solution with initial concentration of each metal 500 mg/L. The percentage of Cu(II) removal was higher at lower pH values compared to Ni(II) removal.

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of selected processing methods on physico-chemical and nutritional properties of sour cherries (Prunus cerasus L.) products. In laboratory conditions, is applied lyophilization (freeze drying) of sour cherries, and vacuum concentration to obtain concentrate of sour cherry. For obtained products were analyzed of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid), crude fiber, sugar content, total fruit acids, and color intensity using by CIELAB system, with coordinates (L, a*, b*). Experimental results in lyophilized sour cherry showed a significantly higher (p < 0,05) content of vitamin C(35,76 ± 0,05 mg/100 g), crude fiber (4,80 ± 0,04%), total fruit acids (7,23 ± 0,05%), and significantly higher levels of red color spectrum a* (32,09 ± 1,00). This indicates that sour cherries processed by lyophilisation largely retain nutritionally valuable substances, in comparison with sour cherry concentrate obtained by the vacuum concentration.

The success of fattening chickens is largely dependent on proper fattening diet, which must fully meet all the nutrient requirements that allow the proper growth and development of chickens during fattening. In preparing a meal, raw materials with high energy value, primarily cereals, and other energy carriers such as animal fat or vegetable oil are used. The quality of fattening of chickens is generally estimated through ratio of edible parts (yield), organoleptic properties and chemical composition of the whole body or its individual (retail) parts. Therefore, the emphasis in the production of chicken meat is placed on quality and yield of the most valuable parts (breasts, thighs and drumsticks). Several factors affect the yield of the most valuable parts of the chicken carcass, such as broiler hybrid, gender, age, the health condition of chickens, nutrition, body mass, fattening duration, technological process of slaughtering, etc. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of sex and type of fat used in diet for fattening chickens on carcass parameters. Chickens of Cobb 500 hybrid were used in the experiment, divided into two groups of 100 chickens. Fattening of chickens lasted 42 days all broilers in experimental groups were housed in the facilities with the exact same conditions, which meet all the standards for intensive fattening chickens. Chickens were fed ad libidum concentrate mixtures for fattening of the same composition and nutritional value, except different fats that were used for greasing of feed (lard and sunflower oil) in the same amount of 5.0%. The obtained data were statistically evaluated . The results showed a statistically significant difference (p

Opuntia ficus indica je vrsta kaktusa koja pripada familiji Cactaceae. Ova familija kaktusa obuhvata oko 200 podvrsta kaktusa koji su rasprostranjeni najviše u Americi. Najčešću kulinarsku primjenu ima Indijska Fig Opuntia (Opuntia ficus indica ), jer se njeni listovi i plodovi koriste kao svježe salate. Plod kaktusa se konzumira zreo u ljetnom periodu. Najviše su rasprostranjeni na zapadnoj hemisferi (Meksiko) i zapadnim dijelovima Amerike, ali mogu se naći i u drugim dijelovima svijeta (Galapagos ostrva, Australija, Mediteran). Prva istraživanja Opuntia ficus indica započela su ispitivanjem sastava listova, a zatim i plodova u pogledu diuretskih efekata, a preliminarne studije su pokazale diuretska i antioksidativna svojstva koja su usko vezana za konzumaciju svježeg ploda. Biološki aktivni sastojci preparata koji se koriste u suplementima hrane ili OTC dobiveni su postupnim tehnološkim procesom usitnjavanja, presovanja, klarifikacije i vakum evaporacije ploda Opuntia ficus indica . Dobivena praškasta forma ploda Opuntia ficus indica sadrži ukupno 65-85 % betalaina i to u obliku idiksantin i betanin. Rezultati navedeni u literaturi, dobijeni u različitim studijama sprovedenim na pacovima, pokazali su pozitivan efekat primjene praškaste forme kaktusovog ploda (Opuntia ficus indica). Pozitivni rezultati dokazuju veoma značajan nutricionisticki benefit ploda kaktusa Opuntia ficus indica , upravo zbog klinički dokazanih efekata. Sva otkrivena i dokazana svojstva ploda kaktusa Opuntia ficus indica zaslužuju značajnu pažnju primjene ovog ploda kod diuretskih bolesti, antioksidativne zaštite organizma kao i očuvanju normalne tjelesne težine., Opintia ficus indica is a species of cactus that belongs to the family of Cactaceae. This family includes about 200 subspecies of cacti that are most abundant in America. The most common culinary use has Indian Fig Opuntia (Opuntia ficus indica ), because of its leaves and the posibility for useage as fresh salads. Cactus fruit is consumed ripened in the summer. Most are widespread in the Western Hemisphere (Mexico) and west parts of America, but can be found in other parts of the world (Galapagos Islands, Australia, Mediteran). The first research Opuntia ficus indica have begun examining the composition of leaves and then fruit in terms of diuretic effects. Preliminary studies showed diuretic and antioxidant properties that are closely related to the consumption of fresh fruit. Biologically active constituents of preparations used in food supplements and OTC were obtained by gradual technological process of chopping, pressing and clarification, and vacuum evaporation of fruit of Opuntia ficus indica . The resulting powder form of Opuntia ficus indica fruit contains a total of 65-85% betalaine in form and idixanthin betanin. The results given in the literature, obtained in studies conducted on rats, showed a positive effect of powdered fruit (Opuntia ficus indica ). Positive results show a very significant benefit of nutrition of fruit cactus Opuntia ficus indica , precisely because of these clinically proven effects. All discovered and proven properties of cactus fruit deserve considerable attention to the application of this fruit in diuretic disease, antioxidant protection and preservation of the organism as a normal body weight.

Zbog povoljnog kemijskog sastava pilećeg mesa (nizak sadržaja masti a veliki udio visokovrijednih proteina) i zbog njegove pogodnosti za suvremenu prehranu ljudi, na tržištu se sve više traže dijelovi pilećeg trupa. Stoga se naglasak u proizvodnji pilećeg mesa stavlja na kvalitetu i odnos osnovnih dijelova trupa (prsa i file bez kostiju, batak i zabatak). Na području Bosne i Hercegovine za proizvodnju pilećeg mesa koriste se mnogobrojni komercijalni hibridi (brojleri) među kojima su najzastupljeniji Cobb 500, Hybro PG i Ross 308. Svaki od navedenih hibrida ima različite proizvodne performanse. Primarni cilj ovog rada je istraživanje performansi hibrida tovnih pilića (Cobb 500, Hybro PG i Ross 308) pri određenim uvjetima tova, klaoničkih pokazatelja i utvrđivanje kemijskog sastava mesa kao jednog od čimbenika kvalitete pilećeg mesa. U toku istraživanja utvrđeni su sljedeći proizvodni pokazatelji: konverzije hrane, tjelesne mase pokusnih pilića na farmi, kalo transporta, mase nejestivih i jestivih dijelova kamo pripadaju trup i iznutrice, kalo hlađenja, i mase dobivenog ''grill'' mesa. Kemijska analiza pilećeg mesa obuhvatila je određivanje sadržaja suhe tvari, proteina, masti, pepela, i vode na uzorcima bijelog i crvenog mesa sva tri ispitivana hibrida. Svi rezultati dobiveni u toku istraživanja su statistički obrađeni. Statističkom analizom rezultata istraživanja utvrđeno je da hibrid Ross 308 ima povoljnije nutritivne karakteristike, najveći sadržaj proteina (p, Because of its favourable chemical composition that is due to the low fat content, and high percentage of high-quality protein, and the benefits of chicken meat for modern human nutrition, on the market increasingly are popular chicken carcass parts. So the emphasis in the production of chicken meat is placed on quality and yield of the basic parts of the body (breast and boneless fillets, thighs and drumsticks). In Bosnia and Herzegovina in the production of chicken meat many commercial hybrids (broilers) are used, predominately Cobb 500, Hybro PG and Ross 308. Each of these hybrids has different production performance. The primary objective of this paper is to study the performance of hybrids (Cobb 500, Hybro PG and Ross 308) under certain conditions of fattening, slaughter parameters and chemical composition as a factor in meat quality. During the research and analysis of the results of the experiment the following values were set: feed conversion, weight of sample chickens on the farm, transport outage, mass non-edible parts, the mass of edible parts where they belong: chicken carcass, offal, chilling outage, and “grill” meat. Chemical analysis of chicken meat included the determination of dry matter, protein, fat, ash, and water of samples from the white and red meat of all three hybrids. All the results obtained during the study were statistically analyzed. Statistical analysis of results showed that the hybrid Ross 308 had a favourable nutritional characteristics, the highest protein content (p

Urični arthritis (giht, ulozi) je sistemska bolest, a najčešće se ispoljava na zglobovima. Nastaje kao posljedica povećane koncentracije urične kiseline u krvi koja kristalizira u formi mononatrijevog urata, akumulirajući se u zglobovima, tetivama, te u okolnim tkivima. Nastali kristali pokreću lokalne imunološki posredovane upalne procese u tkivima. Urična kiselina nastaje složenom endogenom enzimski posredovanom razgradnjom purina ali i drugih jednostavnih metabolita. Purini su komponente nukleoproteina, a nalaze se u različitim količinama u većini vrsta hrane. Ograničenje egzogenog unosa purina sa hranom smanjuje mogućnosti stvaranja urične kiseline, reducira metabolički stres i nastanak upalnih procesa. Prema nivou sadržaja purina hrana se može podijeliti na hranu sa visokim sadržajem (100 do 1000 mg purina/100 g), hranu sa srednjim (10 do 100 mg purina /100 g) i hranu sa niskim sadržajem purina. Način ishrane samo dijelom može uticati na tretman bolesti. Tradicionalno, dijeta sa vrlo niskim egzogenim unosom purina preporučuje se u akutnim stanjima uz medicinski tretman. Nutritivni tretman bolesti treba biti bazirana na smanjenju tjelesne mase, primjerenom unosu ugljičnih hidrata, smanjenom unosu zasićenih masnoća i holesterola, primjerenom u unosu proteina, povećanim unosom tekućine i eliminacijom konzumiranja alkohola. Nutritivni tretman može dati značajanu podršku medicinskom tretmanu bolesti., Uric arthritis (gout) is a systemic disease, and usually manifests in the joints. Occurs as a result of increased concentrations of uric acid in the blood, which crystallizes in the form of mono sodium urate, accumulates in the joints, tendons, and in the surrounding tissues. The resulting crystals promote local immune-mediated inflammatory processes in tissues. Uric acid is formed by complex endogenous enzyme mediated degradation of purines and other simple metabolites. Purines are components of the nucleoprotein, and are found in varying amounts in most foods. Restriction of dietary purine intake of food decreases the ability to create uric acid, reducing metabolic stress and the occurrence of inflammatory processes. According to the level of purine content foods can be divided into foods with a high content 100 to 1000 mg purine/100 g), food with medium (10 to 100 mg purine/100 g) and foods that are low in purine. Only part of the diet may affect the treatment of disease. Traditionally, diets with very low intake of exogenous purine is recommended in acute situations with medical treatment. Nutritional treatment of disease should be based on weight reduction, adequate intake of carbohydrates, reduced intake of saturated fat and cholesterol, the appropriate protein, increased intake of fluids and elimination of alcohol consumption. Nutritional treatment can provide significant support to the medical treatment of disease.

Cilj ovog istraživanja je određivanje oksidativne stabilnosti lipida smrznutog pilećeg mesa u zavisnosti od vrste masti koja je korištena za omašćivanje hrane za tov pilića u različitim periodima skladištenja. U radu su ispitivani uzorci dvije grupe pilića po 100 komada tovnog hibrida Cobb 500. Obje grupe su držane u istom objektu i hranjene koncentratnim smjesama istog sirovinskog sastava i istih nutritivnih svojstava. Jedina razlika je u kvalitetu i sastavu masnoće (goveđi loj i suncokretovo ulje) koja se koristila pri proizvodnji hrane za tov pilića u količini od 5,0 %. Pilići su bili u standardnom tovu 42 dana i produženom tovu 56 dana. Nakon uzorkovanja i klaoničke obrade pilića, pileće meso je skladišteno u hladnjači na temperaturi -18°C. Oksidativni status mesa određen je u primarnoj fazi oksidacije određivanjem vrijednosti peroksidnog broja i sadržaja slobodnih masnih kiselina, u periodima skladištenja od 60 i 180 dana. Ispitivani su uzorci bijelog i crvenog pilećeg mesa. Rezultati ispitivanja su pokazali značajno veće vrijednosti peroksidnog broja kao i vrijednosti sadržaja slobodnih masnih kiselina u crvenom mesu u odnosu na bijelo meso.Vrijednosti peroksidnog broja i sadržaja slobodnih masnih kiselina su povećane tokom povećanja vremena skladištenja., The aim of this research is to determination of peroxides values (PV) and free fatty acids (FFA) content in frozen chicken meat samples during storage, depending on fat source in broiler diet. The research was carried out on chickens of Cobb 500 provenience divided into two groups of 100 broiler chicks. Chickens reared in same conditions, 42 days and 56 days, and fed same diets with identical nutritional content, with dierent in quality and source of used fat (beef talow and sunower oil) containing 5% of fat. After sampling, chickens were slaughtered and their carcasses stored on - 18°C . The oxidative status of meat can be assessed on the basis of primary oxidation, thought measurement PV and FFA content after 60 days and 180 days frozen storage. This study investigated samples of chicken breast and chicken thigh muscles. Results of investigation showed a signicantly higher PV of chicken thigh muscles then breast muscles. Moreover, obtained higher values of FFA in thigh muscles then breast muscles. Values of peroxides and free faty acids content are higher during prolonged stor- age time.