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A novel test structure to characterize the fracture strength of MEMS (Micro-electro-Mechanical Systems) thin films is presented. The test structure is comprised of a micro fabricated chevron-shaped thermal actuator and test specimen. The test structure is capable of producing large displacement and stress while keeping a relatively low temperature gradient across the test specimen. A voltage is applied across the beams of the chevron-shaped actuator, producing thermal expansion force to fracture the test specimen. Actuator deflection is computed based on elastic analysis of structures. To verify the test structure, simulations have been implemented using COMSOL Multiphysics. A 620 μm long, 410 μm wide, 10 μm thick test structure produced stress of 7.1 GPa while the applied voltage is 5 V. The results indicate that the test structure is suitable for in-situ measurement of the fracture strength of MEMS thin films. Keywords: MEMS thin films, Fracture strength, Chevron-shaped thermal actuator

Three-dimensional Darcy-Forchheimer flow of nanoliquid due to a rotating disk subject to multiple slip conditions is examined in this study. Thermophoresis and Brownian motion along with heat and mass transfer are incorporated. Slip conditions of velocity, concentration, and temperature are executed. Similarity results are established via MATLAB routine bvp4c. Graphs of velocities, temperature, and concentration are sketched to discuss the impacts of several influential parameters. Numerical values of skin frictions and local Sherwood and Nusselt numbers are calculated and inspected. Our findings display that concentration and temperature are enhanced for larger thermophoresis parameter. Key words: Darcy-Forchheimer flow, nanofluid, slip conditions, rotating disk, numerical solution. Nous examinons ici le flot de Darcy-Forchheimer en 3D d'un nanofluide, cause par un disque en rotation avec glissement multiple. Nous incorporons la thermophorese et le mouvement brownien, avec les transferts de masse et de chaleur. Nous nous penchons sur les conditions de glissement de vitesse, la concentration et la temperature. Les resultats de similarite sont etablis via l'ensemble logiciel bvp4c de MATLAB. Des graphiques de vitesse, temperature et concentration permettent de discuter l'impact de differents parametres influents. Nous calculons et analysons les valeurs numeriques de friction de surface et des nombres de Sherwood et Nusselt. Nos resultats montrent que la concentration et la temperature sont augmentes par les plus grandes valeurs du parametre de thermophorese. Mots-cles: flot de Darcy-Forchheimer, nanofluide, conditions de glissement, disque en rotation, solution numerique., 1. Introduction Scientists are currently much occupied with examining liquid flow due to a rotating disk. It can be flexibly utilized in various areas of science, for example, aeronautical science [...]

Skin cancer is one of the widespread diseases among existing cancer types. More importantly, the detection of lesions in early diagnosis has tremendously attracted researchers' attention. Thus, artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques have supported the early diagnosis of skin cancer by investigating deep-learning-based convolutional neural networks (CNN). However, the current methods remain challenging in detecting melanoma in dermoscopic images. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an ensemble model that uses the vision of both EfficientNetV2S and Swin-Transformer models to detect the early focal zone of skin cancer. Hence, we considerthat the former architecture leads to greater accuracy, while the latter model has the advantage of recognizing dark parts in an image. We have modified the fifth block of the EfficientNetV2S model and have included the Swin-Transformer model. Our experiments demonstrate that the constructed ensemble model has attained a higher level of accuracy over the individual models and has also decreased the losses as compared to traditional strategies. The proposed model achieved an accuracy score of 99.10%, a sensitivity of 99.27%, and a specificity score of 99.80%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physico-chemical properties of drug loaded nanoparticles (NPs) are important determinants for in vivo distribution, serum stability, and drug delivery efficiency. Liposomal NPs are most widely used due to their bicompability nature and drug carrier efficiency. In this study, 99mTc-labelled docetaxel (DTX) loaded folic acid-thiolated chitosan enveloped liposomal nanoparticles were synthesized and assessed for its localization, stability, and drug release in animal model. Folic acid grafted with thiolated chitosan was cross-linked with docetaxel and coated in liposomes (FTD-Lip). The radiolabelling efficiency of 99mTc-FTD-Lip was 98.8% with 97.2% serum stability. The in vivo distribution of 99mTc-FTD-Lip given by oral route showed that complex was localized in the buccal cavity, gastric fundus, and distal esophagus, with 20.2% DTX released after 5 h, while by intravenous route administration, the radio-complex was localized in the lungs and liver and 29.2% DTX release was observed after 5 h. 99mTcFTD-Lip can be used for site specific localization and comparative study indicates that intravenous drug release is higher than oral route while oral route shows steady drug release. The docetaxel grafted with chitosan and TGA were encapsulated in liposome that was further labelled with 99mTc. The in vivo distribution in rabbits acquired by gamma camera showed localized of complex in gastric fundus in case of oral rout administration while by intravenous administration complex was localized in lungs and liver. Slow release of docetaxel inside the body was also observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]