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Mushroom powder was added to bread in different proportions, namely: 3%, 6% and 9%, in order to improve the nutritional properties of bread. Thus, the new products, had increased contents of protein from 6.60% to 7.79% and fat from 0.78% to 1.43%. Moreover, the content of polyphenols also increased from 39.88 to 84.46 mg GAE/100 g, and the antioxidant activity increased from 16.81% to 27.91%. According to the sensory analysis, performed by means of the hedonic test, the most appreciated bread was that fortified with 6% of mushroom powder. In terms of texture profile, the sample with 6% of mushroom powder recorded the best results. Nowadays, this product has a positive impact on the consumers, who take a growing interest in functional products, that are rich in active compounds. Bread enriched with more than 3 % mushroom powder is a product with high nutritional value.

Sourdough influences in a good way all aspects of the bakery products quality. Sourdough fermentation has gained the worldwide attention due to its positive influence on sensorial, textural, nutritional and shelf life of baked goods. For this work, four commercial starter cultures were selected, in order to assess their influence on products quality. The major lactic bacteria in the starter cultures were: Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus sanfrancisco and according the producer, specific facultative hetero-fermentative lactic strains. The obtained sourdoughs, fermented according to their supplier specifications, were added to wheat dough at 5 - 30 % amount level. The starters’ performance was assessed in 2 stages protocol. Firstly, all starters were assessed by analysing the results of physico-chemical and sensorial properties. In the second stage, three starters were selected and the protocol was performed again. Physico-chemical analyses (porosity, elasticity, H/D, L/w, acidity) were performed according to SR 91/2007. Aroma profile and sensory analysis were assessed using a hedonic test. All starter cultures showed good performance on improving the bread quality in the conditions of this experiment, differences could be noticed in relation to textural and sensorial properties.

The aim of this investigation was to incorporate mustard flour into bread in order to improve its quality. For this purpose, wheat flour 650 type for bread making was replaced with mustard seed flour at the level of 5, 7 and 10%. Bread quality through physico-chemical and sensory characteristics was analyzed and compared to those of bread without mustard flour. The protein content of mustard flour bread increased with 5.03% as a result of mustard flour incorporation, coupled with an increase in ash content. Sensory evaluation results revealed that the sample containing 7% mustard flour scored highest in most of the attributes including overall acceptability. The study reveals that incorporation of 7% mustard flour gave desirable results in terms of phisyco-chemical and sensory caracteristics of mustard flour fortified bread.

The effect of sunflower seed flour supplementation on the quality characteristics of wheat flour cracker biscuits was studied. For this purpose, four experimental variants obtained by substituting wheat flour with different proportions (0%, 15%, 25%, and 35%) of sunflower seed flour, were used. The cracker biscuits with sunflower seed flour and the control samples were subjected to physico-chemical and organoleptic analyses. The cracker biscuits, prepared with sunflower seed flour up to a 35% level of supplementation in wheat flour, were found to be acceptable with respect to all sensory attributes. In the present study, significant improvement in the chemical composition (ash, fat, and crude protein) of wheat-flour cracker biscuits supplemented with sunflower seed flour was observed. This reflects the potential for use of sunflower seed flour, as a partial replacement for wheat flour, for enhancement of these nutrients/chemical constituents

Hemp flour from Dacia Secuieni and Zenit varieties was added to bread in different proportions (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) to improve its nutritional properties. The purpose of this paper was to present the advanced nutritional characteristics of these bread samples. The selected varieties of hemp, accepted for human consumption, met the requirements for the maximum accepted level of THC in seeds. The protein content of new products increased from 8.76 to 11.48%, lipids increased from 0.59 to 5.41%, mineral content from 1.33 to 1.62%, and fiber content from 1.17 to 5.84%. Elasticity and porosity decreased from 95.51 to 80% and 78.65 to 72.24%, respectively. K, Mg, Ca, P, Mn and Fe are the main mineral substances in bread with addition of hemp flour from the Dacia Secuieni and Zenit varieties. The total amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the bread samples with hemp flour ranged from 67.93 g/100 g and 69.82 g/100 g. Eight amino acids were identified, of which three were essential (lysine, phenylalanine, histidine). Lysine, the deficient amino acid in wheat bread, increased from 0.003 to 0.101 g/100 g. Sucrose and fructose decreased with the addition of hemp flour, and glucose has not been identified. The amount of yeasts and molds decreased in the first 3 days of storage. Regarding the textural profile, the best results were obtained for the samples with 5% addition. In conclusion, bread with the addition of hemp flour has been shown to have superior nutritional properties to wheat bread.

The advanced characterization of flour from hemp seeds (edible fruits of Cannabis sativa L.) from the Dacia Secuieni and Zenit varieties, compared to wheat flour, was studied in this research. The aim was to present the characterization of 2 varieties, out of the 70 accepted in Europe, for human consumption. The varieties selected from hemp meet the THC level requirement (0.3 or 0.2% of the dry weight of the reproductive part of the female flowering plant) in seeds. Hemp flour was obtained by grinding. The flour samples were evaluated for physicochemical parameters (moisture, crude protein, lipids, ash, crude fiber), the content of micro and macro elements, fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates. The total proteins in hemp flour are found in larger quantities by over 35% compared to wheat flour, and the lipids reach the threshold of 28%. The amount of mineral substances exceeds 3% in hemp flour, and the fibers exceed 26%, compared to 0.61% for wheat flour. The predominant mineral substances were K, Ca, Mg, p, Fe, and Mn. The predominant fatty acids were the unsaturated ones, predominantly being linoleic acid, followed by oleic and gamma-linoleic acid. In the case of amino acids, the highest amount is found in glutamic acid for hemp flours. As for carbohydrates, sucrose is found in the largest amount, followed by glucose and fructose. In conclusion, hemp flours have superior non-traditional characteristics to wheat flour, being a potential raw material for fortifying food or using them as such, having beneficial effects of consumption on the proper functioning of the human body.

The study aimed at assessing effects of partial replacement (0–40%) of wheat flour with roasted flaxseed flour (RFSF) on the quality attributes of biscuits. Nutritional, antioxidative, volatile and sensory properties, as well as texture analysis and the contents of macroelements and microelement were studied. Increasing RFSF content in biscuits resulted in a significant increase (p < 0.05) in protein (from 8.35% to 10.77%), fat (from 15.19% to 28.34%) and ash (from 1.23% to 2.60%) while the hardness and spread factor of the biscuits decreased with the increased level of roasted flaxseed flour. Moreover, the addition of 40% RFSF registered a positive influence on the fibre content of the final baked biscuits, increasing its value about 6.7-fold than in the control sample. Total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and biscuits’ aroma volatile profile increased their amounts with RFSF addition. The nutritional, textural and sensorial results of the present study demonstrated that 25% RFSF could be added in the biscuits manufacturing without affecting the biscuits aftertaste, offering promising healthy and nutritious alternative to consumers.

Tonic wines are true natural elixirs, having the property to fortify the organism. To achieve a complex product and to supplement the antioxidant properties of the wine, the hawthorn fruits were added. They completed the product by maceration, so that the tonic wine got major active substances which have great medicinal value being effective in treating cardiovascular diseases. The content of polyphenols of tonic wine is about six times higher than in simple wine, the hawthorn representing a product rich in polyphenols (510.2 mg GAE/100g). Antioxidant capacity increased when hawthorn fruits were added, as they have an important contribution in terms of new product antioxidant properties. Hawthorn, honey and rosemary added extra minerals in the total dry extract. The relative density increased due to the substances present in hawthorn. The concentration of alcohol slightly increased due to the fermentation which triggers during maceration. The acidity of the new tonic wine developed here was higher, as compared to the simple wine. Higher acidity also contributed to the palatability, the new tonic wine showing a pleasant refreshing taste.

Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 was used to ferment quinoa flour, in order to evaluate its influence on the nutritional and rheological characteristics of both the sourdough and muffins. The quantification of carbohydrates and organic acids was carried out on a HPLC-RID system (high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with with refractive index detector), meanwhile HPLC-UV-VIS (high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with UV-VIS detector), AAS (Atomic absorption spectrophotometry), aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, Folin–Ciocalteu, and 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH) methods were used to determine folic acid, minerals, flavonoids, total phenols, and radical scavenging activity, respectively. Two types of sourdough were used in this study: quinoa sourdough fermented with L. plantarum ATCC 8014 and quinoa sourdough spontaneous fermented. The first one influenced the chemical composition of muffins in terms of decreased content of carbohydrates, higher amounts of both organic acids and folic acid. Furthermore, higher amounts of flavonoids, total phenols and increased radical scavenging activity were recorded due to the use of Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 strain. These results indicate the positive effect of quinoa flour fermentation with the above strain and supports the use of controlled fermentation with lactic acid bacteria for the manufacturing of gluten free baked products.

Lactobacillus Spicheri DSM 15429 strain was used to ferment rice flour, aiming at exploiting its influence on the amino-acids, minerals, lactic acid, total phenols, and antioxidant activity of the rice sourdough and gluten-free muffins. Gluten-free muffins were prepared by using 15% rice sourdough fermented with the above strain of lactic acid bacteria and compared with rice spontaneous fermentation. Methods like LC-MS (Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry), AA (atomic absorption), HPLC (High-performance liquid chromatography), Folin–Ciocalteu, and 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH) were used to fulfill the aim of the study. The addition of rice sourdough fermented with LAB was reflected in the chemical composition of the final baked good, improving its amount on bioactive compounds such as amino acids, mineral bioavailability, total phenols, and antioxidant activity. Total phenols and antioxidant activity increased their amount by 70.53% and 73.70%, respectively, meanwhile, lactic acid, minerals, and amino-acids increased their values at least twice. Thus, rice fermented with Lactobacilus spicheri DSM 15429 strain could be a tool to further increase the nutritional value of gluten-free baked products.

Walnut oilcake is a low-cost by-product of the edible oil industry but at the same time it is a valuable source of dietary fiber, natural antioxidants, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In the context of health-friendly confectionary food products and to reduce the production cost, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of walnut oilcake by-product on the quality characteristics and volatile profile of modified macarons. For this purpose, GC-MS and ITEX/GC-MS techniques were used to obtain the fatty acids methyl esters and the volatile profiles; physicochemical analyzes were performed to determine the nutritional characteristics and a nine-point hedonic scale test was performed for the sensory characteristics. The substitution of almond flour with 0%, 10%, 25% and 50% walnut oilcake powder increased the fiber, total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity. Hedonic scores of the macaron samples made with different percentage of walnut oilcake decreased to additions of over 10%. Moreover, this result is emphasized by Pearson’s correlation parameters indicating as optimal addition for modified macarons, percentages up to 10% of walnut oilcake. This approach could reduce the costs related to the acquisition of the ingredients due to the oilcake price which is 3% of the almonds flour price.

Gluten free products available on the market have a low textural quality associated with high crumbly structure, low-flavor, aroma, poor mouthfeel, less appearance, in comparison with the conventional final baked products. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of rice sourdough fermented with Lactobacillus spicheri DSM 15429 strain on textural, volatile profile, and sensorial properties of gluten free muffins in order to obtain baked goods with improved quality characteristics. Lactobacillus spicheri is a novel strain isolated from industrial rice sourdough but unexploited for bakery products manufacturing. The results showed that Lactobacillus spicheri DSM 15429 was able to growth in the rice flour influencing the texture and the volatile profile of gluten free muffins as well as their sensory characteristics. Both, textural parameters and volatiles recorded significant differences comparing to muffins obtained with a spontaneously fermented rice sourdough. Hardness and cohesiveness decreased while springiness and resilience of gluten free muffins improved their values. The volatile profile of gluten free muffins was significantly improved by utilization of the rice sourdough fermented with Lactobacilus spicheri DSM 15429. 3-methylbutanal, 2-methylbutanal, acetophenone and limonene were the main volatile derivatives responsible for aroma and odor scores of sensory analysis.

Traceability is the ability to identify and trace the history, distribution, location, and application of products, parts, and materials. A traceability system records and follows the trail as products, parts, and materials come from suppliers and are processed and ultimately distributed as end products (Prache et al, 2002). In this work, were studied the bioactive compounds (total vitamin C, ascorbic acid, total phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamin A and vitamin E) and antioxidant activity of goat fresh milk and pasteurized one. The goats were fed with a standard diet (control diet) and then with a diet that incorporates orange pulp. The control diet (CD) corresponded with a standard ration (a ration wich provide the energetic and proteic values), daily food for milking animals. From that ration, the Department of Animal Science, from Politechnic University of Valencia replaced the different proportions of the ingredients for incorporating orange pulp diet (OPD). The results of the present study show that the citrus pulp silage mixture used can be fed to goats without any negative effects on the performance of the animals. Results of this study indicate that citrus pulp silage can replace part of the conventional ration of goats, thus lowering the cost of production. The first aim of this study was to compare the two types of goat diets: a standard diet and a diet with orange pulp, by analyzing the bioactive compounds in fresh and pasteurized milk. The results demonstrate that all the bioactive compounds are bigger in the orange pulp diet than in the control diet. The second objective of this study was to analyze the bioavailability and traceability of bioactive compounds in fresh milk.

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the nutritive value of two varieties of lentils (Lens culinaris), namely green and red varieties. For this purpose the chemical components: crude protein, starch, ash, sugars (monosaccharides and oligosaccharides), crude fat, total fibers and dry matter of two lentils varieties (green and red) were determined by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy technology (NIRS). Results show that green lentils had higher contents in ash (minerals), crude protein and total fibers, while the red lentils had higher contents in crude fat and total carbohydrates. The metabolizable energy (MJ/kg) of the red lentils was slightly higher than green lentils. In conclusion both type of lentils (green and red) revealed good nutritional quality with slight differences.

Chickpea flour is a good source of proteins, fibers, minerals and other bioactive compounds and it could be an ideal ingredient for improve the nutritional value of bread and bakery products. The aim of this study was to supplement wheat flour (WF) with various levels of chickpea flour (CF) in order to obtain bread with good nutritional and quality characteristics. Four experimental variants obtained by substituting wheat flour with different proportions (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) of chickpea flour were used. The results showed a valuable increment in bread protein and fiber content. The volume of the breads decreased as the level of chickpea flour (CF) increased due the dilution of gluten content in the blend and due to the interactions among fiber components, water and gluten. Nevertheless, substitution at 10%, 20% and 30%, gives parameter values at least as good as the control sample (WFB) and produces acceptable bread, in terms of weight, volume and sensorial properties.

Apples represent one of the most important elements in the human diet. The research carried out involved three apple varieties (Starkimson, Ionathan and Golden Delicious) harvested during development, which were analyzed in terms of physico-chemical profile. During fruit development, diameter and mass increased continuously for all the three apple varieties studied, acidity decreased and total soluble solids content increased significantly. The pH values of the apple pulp also increased confirming the results obtained for the acidity. The starch concentration was reduced in the early stages of fruit development in all three varieties of apple studied. Starch concentration significantly increased (p

Individual sugars were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in samples of apple juices obtained from the fruits of ‘Jonathan’, ‘Starkrimson’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ cultivars. Samples were harvested from the inside and the periphery of the crown, at different periods during fruits growth, from 7 to 144 days after full bloom (DAFB). Values from 0.42 to 14.33%, 0.29 to 4.06% and 0 to 4.28% were determined for fructose, glucose and sucrose, respectively. The values of fructose and glucose have increased significantly (p-1 being the most specific to sugars signals. FT-MIR coupled to partial least squares (PLS) calibration models for predicting individual sugars of apple juices were developed. The optimal regions and pre-treatments of the spectra were 900-1500 cm-1 and Savitzky Golay first derivative (d1) for fructose, 900-1200 cm-1 and d2 for glucose and 900-1200 cm-1 and standard normal variate for sucrose. In cross-validation, the PLS calibration models showed very good performance for fructose (Rcval2=0.95; standard error of cross-validation (SECV) =0.907) and acceptable for glucose (Rcval2=0.85; SECV=0.424), while for sucrose showed only satisfactory performance (Rcval2=0.75; SECV=0.561). For practical relevance, the FT-MIR predicted values were compared against the HPLC determined reference values in external validations tests. The best results were achieved for fructose (Rp2=0.94; RPD=4.9), while glucose (Rp2=0.84; RPD=2.61) and sucrose (Rp2=0.7; RPD=2.08) models reached satisfactory values.

Spent malt rootlets, a by-product of the brewing industry, are a rich source of protein, essential amino acids, healthy fats, polyphenols and minerals, and could be a new promising type of raw material from the nutritional, economic, sensory, and technical perspectives. However, their specific aroma profile could limit their addition in baked products. The aim of this work was to study the effect of spent malt rootlets addition on volatile derivatives of enriched biscuits in relation to their sensory profile. For this purpose, spent malt rootlets and enriched biscuits (0−25% spent malt rootlets added) were analyzed by GC-MS techniques, in order to obtain their fatty acids methyl esters and volatile compounds profile, while for the sensory analysis a nine-point hedonic score test was used. The results of this study reveal the fatty acids and volatile profile of spent malt rootlets and of the enriched biscuits with spent malt rootlets pointing out the contribution of fatty acids to the generation of aroma compounds. The influence of different aroma compounds on the consumer’s preferences was studied and the optimum level addition of spent malt rootlets in multigrain biscuits was found to be 15%.

Coffee, one of the most popular beverages worldwide, is an infusion of ground, roasted coffee beans. Today, coffee is considered a functional food, especially due to its high content of compounds that exert antioxidant and other beneficial biological properties. The annual consumption exceeds 5 billion kilograms of coffee, which corresponds to 500 billion cups. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the content in total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, caffeine as well as the antioxidant activity of three brewed coffee samples in order to assess the amount of these bioactive compounds in a cup of coffee. The quantification of total phenolic compounds was achieved by Folin-Ciocalteu method, while the flavonoids content was determined using a chromogenic system of NaNO2–Al(NO3)3–NaOH based spectrophotometric method. The caffeine was extracted from brewed coffee samples with dichlormethane and then was quantified by measuring the absorbance of the extract at 260 nm. The antioxidant capacity of each coffee sample was assessed by evaluating their radical scavenging activity on DPPH radical. Even though Arabica coffee variety is appreciated for its fine aroma profile, Robusta variety has proved to be richer in phenolic compounds, flavonoids and caffeine. The larger amount of compounds with antioxidant properties found in Robusta brewed coffee was also confirmed by the obtained antioxidant capacity values.

Apples produce volatile chemicals that are responsible for the characteristic flavour of the fruit, as well as for the attribute of the final flavour. The aroma induced by the volatile compounds is important in determining the quality of the fruit, and especially for determining consumer acceptability. Fruits from three apple varieties were analysed (Ionathan, Golden Delicious and Starkrimson) at technological maturity and consumption maturity. The analysis method was developed on a Shimadzu QP-2010 GC-MS gas chromatograph, equipped with an AOC - 5000 (CombiPAL) autosampler. The results showed that there are differences between varieties in terms of number, type and concentration of volatile compounds. Fruits at technological maturity have a high content of aldehydes while fruits at consumption maturity have a higher content of esters.

Worldwide soy is one of the most important sources of vegetable protein and vegetable fats supplying plant. Soybean proteins are important both for human food and animal feed industry concentrated. In the last twenty years soybeans have become an irreplaceable product for the food industry. This paper presents the results of the production capacity, protein and oil content of 25 soybean genotypes studied in 2011-2013 at Agricultural Research Station Turda Development. Were calculated the amounts of protein and oil produced by each genotype in part each year and averaged over three experimental years. Protein content was between 39 per cent and 43.9 per cent and for fat percentage values ​​were between 18.9 per cent and 21.8 per cent. Romanian genotypes quality results are similar to those obtained for foreign genotypes. These genotypes can be grown in climatic conditions of Transylvania resulting quality for there production.

Usually, aromatic yeasts are designed to ferment wheat substrates for baking purposes but identification of new substrates for these strains and consequently new formulations for dough could lead to diversified bakery products with improved nutritional qualities and specific sensorial properties. The purpose of our study was to optimize the fermentation of quinoa and amaranth flours with non-conventional yeast strains in order to obtain a preferment with high potential in enhancing nutritional, textural and sensorial features of white wheat bread. Two biotypes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast—a wine yeast strain and a beer yeast strain—commercialized for their aromatic properties were used. Both aromatic yeast strains revealed good performance on fermenting pseudocereal substrates. Utilization of the obtained preferment in white wheat breadmaking led to bread with higher protein, fibres, mineral, total polyphenols content, with specific texture and aroma profile and high consumers’ acceptability.

Individual sugars were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in plum juice samples obtained from “Stanley„, “Vânăt de Italia„, and “Tuleu Gras„. The samples were harvested from the inside and periphery of the crown during six development phases. The aim of the present study was to determine the individual sugars in plum juice by the HPLC and Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (FT-MIR) methods and to validate them. Our findings were as follows: levels between 0.26⁻3.73% for fructose, 1.43⁻1.10% for glucose, and 0.01⁻10.19% for sucrose. The FT-MIR analyses confirmed the differences between the juice samples, mainly in the spectral region characteristic to sugars which ranged from 900 to 1500 cm−1. FT-MIR coupled with Partial least squares (PLS) was used to develop calibration models for estimating individual plum juice sugars, the predictive characteristics being assessed. The optimal regions and spectral pretreatments were 800⁻1600 cm−1 and Savitzky Golay first derivative (d1) for fructose, 800⁻1600 cm−1 for glucose, and 915⁻1145 cm−1 and second derivative (d2) for sucrose. The selection of optimal spectral zones and pre-treatments led to PLS calibration models with acceptable predictive abilities for glucose, very good for sucrose, and less satisfactory for fructose. Moreover, the FT-MIR results were compared to the HPLC results in external validation tests and reference values included.

The antioxidant capacity of apples peel extracts during the fruit development from three apple varieties (i.e., Ionathan, Golden Delicious and Starkrimson) were analyzed at 7, 15, 35, 65, 107, 145 days after full bloom (DAFB). The total antioxidant capacities of extracts were evaluated using free radical scavenging effect over 1,1-diphenyl l-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, being determined by a spectrophotometric method.The maximum antioxidant capacity was recorded in the apples harvested 7 DAFB.

It is well supported that a significant intake of dietary fibre reduces the risk of several chronic diseases. The development of staple foods enriched with fibre is an important contribution to a broader supply of food products with health beneficial effect. In this context, partial substitution of wheat flour with wheat bran at levels of 3%, 5% and 10% was carried out to investigate physicochemical (moisture, ash, fiber and acidity) and sensory properties of pretzel. Sensory analyses included evaluation of overall appearance, colour, taste, aroma, consistence (9 point hedonic scale). The present study indicated that 10% added of wheat bran were accepted by consumers and have shown the potential of developing fibre-rich pretzels in order to increase the dietary fibre intake.It is well supported that a significant intake of dietary fibre reduces the risk of several chronic diseases. The development of staple foods enriched with fibre is an important contribution to a broader supply of food products with health beneficial effect. In this context, partial substitution of wheat flour with wheat bran at levels of 3%, 5% and 10% was carried out to investigate physicochemical (moisture, ash, fiber and acidity) and sensory properties of pretzel. Sensory analyses included evaluation of overall appearance, colour, taste, aroma, consistence (9 point hedonic scale). The present study indicated that 10% added of wheat bran were accepted by consumers and have shown the potential of developing fibre-rich pretzels in order to increase the dietary fibre intake

The aim of this work was to achieve a screening on organoleptic and sensory characteristics, physical-chemical properties, microbial load and degree of contamination with heavy metals and arsenic of homemade vanilla ice cream. Dry substance ranged between 31.69% and 32.16%, all samples showing values below the 33% minimum eligibility. Regarding the acidity of the analyzed samples, they were within the legislative norms in force, showing values below 24°T. Also, analyzed ice cream samples showed no microbial loads or contamination with heavy metals or arsenic.

The market offers a wide range of mineral waters, but the current trend is to consume mineral water closer to its primary properties. In the present study for a mineral water, untapped source of Targu Lapus region, the chemical analysis using rapid kits and comparative evolutionary analysis of the studied parameters were performed. The analysis revealed that the mineral water spring completes the evolution constituents of the studied source Borcut ISLGS Târgu Lăpuş, compared with the analyzes since 1984 and 1989.(results: NH4+ less that 0,05 mg/l, absence of NO3- (mg/l), NO2- less that 0.02 mg/l, PO43 the value of 1,2 mg/l, pH 7, Ca/Mg 230dH).

Whole grain cereal products are important components of the daily diet worldwide. A high consumption of these products is associated with a decreased risk of diabetes, myocardial infarctions, and certain cancers. This study aimed to asses the effect of the whole multigrain flour (wheat, rye, barley and oats) incorporation at different levels (8%, 10%) on the quality characteristics of cookies. Moisture, ash, fat, protein, reducing carbohydrates, alkalinity, water absorption and impregnation index of blends and cookies were determined. The sensory profile was obtained by a 9 points hedonic test. Incorporation of multigrain flour in cookies could be a powerful tool to obtain food with enhanced nutritional characteristics.Whole grain cereal products are important components of the daily diet worldwide. A high consumption of these products is associated with a decreased risk of diabetes, myocardial infarctions, and certain cancers. This study aimed to asses the effect of the whole multigrain flour (wheat, rye, barley and oats) incorporation at different levels (8%, 10%) on the quality characteristics of cookies. Moisture, ash, fat, protein, reducing carbohydrates, alkalinity, water absorption and impregnation index of blends and cookies were determined. The sensory profile was obtained by a 9 points hedonic test. Incorporation of multigrain flour in cookies could be a powerful tool to obtain food with enhanced nutritional characteristics.

The malt vinegar is very popular in England, being prepared from barley malt using a method resembling to the one used to produce the wine vinegar. It has a strong taste and a medium acidity. Regarding the fact that it is not very common in Romania, the aim of the study was flavouring the malt vinegar with seasoning plants for a high concentration of antioxidants, flavour and also for making it more popular amongst consumers. Two types of flavoured malt vinegar were obtained, one of them with turmeric and the other one with rosemary, pepper and grain mustard. In order to characterize the new products, several physicochemical analyses were conducted (antioxidant capacity, total extract and acidity).

This objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of jam processing of Concord grapes variaty on the physiochemical properties. The antioxidant phenolic compounds were extracted and analyzed by determining the total phenolic content (Folin Ciocalteu), as well as by employing free radical DPPH. The chemical composition of Concord grapes variety is in agreement with the literature concerning at moisture content, ash content and total soluble solids. The results showed that grape jam had the highest antioxidant activity than grape juices (26.98 % respectively 12.14 %) and total phenolic content is bigger in fresh Concord grapes (390 mg GAE/100 g than 235 mg GAE/100g in grape jam ). Although Concord grapes it should be considered as a raw material for jam processing, they have the same potential as fresh fruits or even higher.

Bread is the staple food for most people around the world, it being consumed since ancient times. Because of it’s major importance in the diet, over the last years, the trend of enrich the nutritional quality was developed, by replacing the chemical fortification of foods with an intake of bioactive compounds from fruits, vegetables and cereals. The avocado is useful in human nutrition as a source of various nutrients and especially as source of energy and monounsaturated fatty acids. This paper belongs to a more complex study, which aiming the evaluation of enriched bread for breakfast prepared with an addition of avocado paste (12%) as a source of biologically active components in nutrition. Bread produced from 100% wheat flour served as the control. The seasoned bread for breakfast and the control samples were subjected to physico-chemical and organoleptic analyses. Addition of avocado paste (AP) in bread has improved physicochemical and sensory attributes.

In order to diversification of tagliatelle pasta and increasing segment of consumers it was intended to improvement of tagliatelle pasta quality by addition of red quinoa flour. The products obtained at Bakery Pilot Station of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca was the result of original recipe. To optimize the recipe were made four experimental variants, white flour and red quinoa flour is used in different proportions: Variant 1 – plain tagliatelle pasta (control sample) who used white flour WF) in 100%, Variant 2 consisting of 15% red quinoa flour (15 QF), Variant 3 consisting of 30 % red quinoa flour (30 QF) and Variant 4 consisting of 50 % red quinoa flour (50 RQF). The experimental variants was analyzed for physico-chemical: moisture content, protein content and acidity. The sensory attributes, were evaluated by using a 9-point Hedonic scale. Present study indicated that the variant 3 were most accepted by consumers.

In order to diversification of jellies and increasing segment of consumers it was intended to valorification a raw material such as hot pepper powder. The products obtained at Sugar Confectionery Pilot Station of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca was the result of original recipe. Objective of the study was to investigate potential use of hot pepper powder in jelly candies, by phisico chemical analyses and general consumer's acceptance. Sensory analyses were conducted on two kinds of sweet jellies. The hot pepper powder were used at concentration of 0.5% and 1.0%. Sensory analyses included evaluation of overall appearance, colour, taste, aroma, consistenc (5 point hedonic scale). Present study indicated that 0.5 % added of hot pepper powder were accepted by consumers.

Taking into account the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, actual research focused on plant extracts is vital. The aim of our study was to investigate leaf and stem ethanolic extracts of Artemisia absinthium L. and Artemisia annua L. in order to explore their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Total phenolic content (TPC) was evaluated spectrophotometrically. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS. The antibacterial activity of wormwood extracts was assessed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) in Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enteritidis cultures, and by zone of inhibition in Klebsiella carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and Escherichia coli extended-spectrum β-lactamases cultures (ESBL). The Artemisia annua L. leaf extract (AnL) exhibited the highest TPC (518.09 mg/mL) and the highest expression of sinapic acid (285.69 ± 0.002 µg/mL). Nevertheless, the highest antioxidant capacity (1360.51 ± 0.04 µM Trolox/g DW by ABTS and 735.77 ± 0.02 µM Trolox/g DW by DPPH) was found in Artemisia absinthium L. leaf from the second year of vegetation (AbL2). AnL extract exhibited the lowest MIC and MBC for all tested bacteria and the maximal zone of inhibition for Klebsiella CRE and Escherichia coli ESBL. Our study revealed that AbL2 exhibited the best antioxidant potential, while AnL extract had the strongest antibacterial effect.