Search

Rationale: ALL is the most common form of leukemia (75% to 80%), it is characterized by clonal expansion of the lymphoid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissues, which can be divided into T lineage and B lineage. Although relapse of acute leukemia is common, a change of immunophenotype at relapse only occurs rarely. Some of these cases have been labeled “lineage switch”. Patient concerns: A 31-year-old man had multiple lymph nodes in the neck, and the lymph nodes on the right side adhered to the surrounding tissues. His lymphocytes ratio in blood was up to 86.3%. Flow cytometry of the bone marrow aspirate showed positive results for CD2, CD5, CD7, cCD3, TDT, CD4, CD8, and CD10, negative results for CD34, CD117, CD33, HLA-DR, CD19, and CD20. Twenty six months later, the patient felt pain in the neck and shoulder after touching. His lymphocytes of blood were 109.9×109 /L. 43 fusion genes and positive BCR/ABL was detected. Flow cytometry of the bone marrow aspirate showed pro B lymphocytes accounted for 85.54%, and positive expression of CD38, CD10, CD34, CD33, TDT, CD9, and HLA-DR. Moreover, the RT-PCR data showed the patient expressed high level of T cell and B cell development transcription factors. Diagnoses: Upon examination, the patient was initially diagnosed with T-lineage pro cell ALL. BM morphologic analysis presented complete remission (CR) after systemic chemotherapy. Twenty six months later, we discovered the patient was diagnosed with B-lineage acute lymphocytic leukemia. Interventions: Systemic chemotherapy is first given when a patient was diagnosed with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. After the patient happened linage switch, we adjusted the treatment plan, and the patient was complete remission after 1 course of treatment. Outcomes: Our case provides information of lineage switch from T-ALL to B-ALL in this report, which is never seen in our knowledge. Lessons: This lineage switch from T-ALL to B-ALL is never reported beforemoreover, the RT-PCR data showed the patient expressed high level of T cell and B cell development transcription factors. Its early recognition can let doctor provides appropriate therapy to patient.

eIF4E plays an important role in regulating tumor growth and angiogenesis, and eIF4E is highly expressed in a variety of lung cancer cell lines. siRNA eIF4E can significantly inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells, indicating that inhibition of eIF4E may become a novel anti-tumor target. In the previous study, we synthesized a series of small molecule compounds with the potential to inhibit eIF4E. Among them, the compound EGPI-1 significantly inhibited the proliferation of a variety of lung cancer cells such as A549, NCI-H460, NCI-H1650 and 95D without inhibiting the proliferation of HUVEC cells. Further studies found that EGPI-1 interfered with the eIF4E/eIF4G interaction and inhibited the phosphorylation of eIF4E in NCI-H460 cells. The results of flow cytometry showed that EGPI-1 induced apoptosis and G0/G1 cycle arrest in NCI-H460 cell. Interestingly, we also found that EGPI-1 induced autophagy and DNA damage in NCI-H460 cells. The mechanism results showed that EGPI-1 inhibited the Ras/MNK/ERK/eIF4E signaling pathway. Moreover, EGPI-1 inhibited tube formation of HUVECs, as well as inhibited the neovascularization of CAM, proving the anti-angiogenesis activity of EGPI-1. The NCI-H460 xenograft studies showed that EGPI-1 inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo by regulating Ras/MNK/ERK/eIF4E pathway. Our studies proved that eIF4E was a novel target for regulating tumor growth, and the eIF4E/eIF4G interaction inhibitor EGPI-1 was promising to develop into a novel anti-lung cancer drug.

Rhodium phosphide (RhP) is utilized as a novel cocatalyst for CdS photocatalyst. The RhP cocatalyst greatly improves the photocatalytic performance, reusability and lifetime of CdS for H2 generation from splitting water under visible light illumination (λ > 420 nm). The optimal compound, 20 wt% RhP/CdS, produces the highest hydrogen amount of 325.4 μmol/mg after 10 h, which is about 196,024 times that of pure CdS. The apparent quantum yield of H2 evolution over the 20 wt% RhP/CdS after 100 h reaches 34.3%. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectrometer, fluorescence spectroscopy and photocurrent show that the RhP with strong electron attraction ability can accelerate the separation of photo-excited electron-hole pairs, which is responsible for the enhanced hydrogen evolution ability of CdS.

Female fertility potential is based on the development and growth of ovarian follicles. Our previous study showed that miR-17-5p was significantly differently expressed in pre-ovulatory ovarian follicles of Large White (LW) and Chinese Taihu (CT) sows. In the present study, we investigated the role of miR-17-5p in ovarian follicle development. We demonstrated that miR-17-5p overexpression significantly decreased the luciferase reporter activity containing the E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) and suppressed the E2F1 expression, whereas the miR-17-5p inhibition increased the E2F1 expression in porcine granulosa cells (pGCs). Meanwhile, miR-17-5p overexpression or E2F1 knockdown promoted cell growth, follicular development marker genes (LHR, CYP19A1 and AREG) expression and oestradiol synthesis, and miR-17-5p inhibition suppressed cell growth, follicular development marker genes (LHR, CYP19A1 and AREG) expression and oestradiol synthesis in pGCs. Furthermore, E2F1 knockdown increased CYP19A1 promoter activity. This study suggests that miR-17-5p regulates pGC growth and oestradiol synthesis by targeting E2F1 gene.

Monodisperse In(3+) doped AgBr (In-AgBr) nanoparticles were synthesized by a hydrothermal route. The pure AgBr and In-AgBr samples were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, measurement of total organic carbon, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometry. In-AgBr was more photocatalytically active than pure AgBr in photodegradation of 20 mg/L methyl orange under visible light irradiation (λ>420 nm). The 0.05 mol/L In-AgBr sample showed the highest photodegradation efficiency and high stability. The doped In(3+) expanded the light absorption range, reduced the band gap of AgBr and improved the utilization of photons. The additional In(3+) can inhibit the formation of Ag particles on the surface of AgBr, which can further stabilize AgBr. The doped In(3+) in AgBr served as a temporary site for trapping of photoinduced electrons, and thereby obviously restrained the recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs on the surface of AgBr. The enhanced photocatalytic ability of In-AgBr may be mainly attributed to the improved separation efficiency of photogenerated charges.

Since the photocatalytic capability is determined by the separation and transmission efficiency of photoinduced charges, its improvement remains a challenge for development of efficient photocatalysts. Here, we made large improvement on the surface of Ag3PO4 using Co(II)-grafted Ag3PO4 by a hydrothermal method. During the photocatalytic process, Co(II) was oxidized to Co(III) by the photogenerated holes under visible light radiation, which enhanced the separation efficiency of photogenerated charges. Meanwhile, the Co(III) as-formed could oxidize dye molecules, which recovered the Co(II). The synergy of Co(II) and Ag3PO4 greatly promoted the separation and transmission efficiency of the photogenerated charges, and severely improved the photocatalytic activity of Ag3PO4. The surface grafted Co(II) on Ag3PO4 is responsible for the enhancement of photocatalytic activity.

Litter size is an important economic traits in pigs. SLA-11 gene is a member of SLA (swine leukocyte antigen) complex. In our previous study, the SLA-11 gene was differentially expressed in PMSG-hCG stimulated preovulatory ovarian follicles of Chinese Taihu and Large White sows. Here, we identified two mutations (c.754-132 T > C and c.1421 + 38 T > C) in SLA-11 gene and analyzed the associations of two SNPs with litter size traits in Large White (n = 263) and DIV (n = 117) sows. The results showed that in Large White pigs, SLA-11 c.754-132 CC sows produced 0.74 and 0.87 more pigs per litter for TNB and NBA of all parities than did TT sows (p

Bi3+-doped Ag/AgCl photocatalytic materials were synthesized using a simple coprecipitation approach. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that Bi3+ was inserted into the crystal lattice of AgCl to partially replace Ag+, resulting in the contraction of AgCl lattice. Ultraviolet–visible absorption tests showed that the dopant Bi3+ slightly widened the band gap of AgCl as it raised the conduction level. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the strong interaction between Bi3+, Ag+, and Cl–, and also showed the presence of abundant Bi3+ on the surface of AgCl particles. Methyl orange (MO) photodegradation experiment showed the photocatalytic activity of the Bi3+-doped Ag/AgCl was significantly dependent on the amount of doped Bi3+. The Bi3+-doped Ag/AgCl (2 wt %) reached the highest activity of 91% after 8 min, while the pure Ag/AgCl degraded only 32% of MO. The degradation rate constant of Bi3+-doped Ag/AgCl was 3.75 times higher than that of pure Ag/AgCl. Electron spin resonance showed that •OH w...

The topological structures of complex networks play a crucial role in determining their evolutionary mechanisms and functional behaviors, and may have significant consequences for many real-world applications. Many researchers focused on the geometric features, collective behaviors and control of complex networks provided with precisely known structures. However, the exact topology of a network is usually unknown or uncertain in practical situations. Therefore, accurate and timely topology identification is of great necessity and importance. This paper presents a novel scheme for topology identification. Specifically, an auxiliary complex network with a very general form is constructed and some adaptive controllers are designed to recover the topology of the considered network upon generalized outer synchronization. Different from previous schemes, the network constructed can be composed of any kind of nodes. If the network with an unknown topology has very complicated node dynamics or a high node dimension, one can construct a response network consisting of nodes with much simpler dynamics, which is very practical for circuit design. The effectiveness of the theoretical findings has been illustrated by three numerical examples. This work provides a convenient approach to recovering network topology, which can facilitate the selection of practical circuits and reduce application costs.

Bi-doped Ag 3 PO 4 was synthesized by an ion exchange method, and its structure and properties were characterized systematically. Doping Bi 3+ ions into the crystal lattice of Ag 3 PO 4 changed the properties of particles, reduced the valence band position and widened the band gap of Ag 3 PO 4 . The doped Bi 3+ ions have replaced P 5+ ions of P–O tetrahedrons according to the XRD and XPS analysis. The testing of methyl orange (MO) photodegradation showed that 2 wt% Bi-doped Ag 3 PO 4 had the highest activity, with the degradation rate reaching 90.7% after 6 min (1 g/L catalyst) when pure Ag 3 PO 4 degraded only 27.3% of MO. Its degradation rate constant was 4.5 times that of undoped Ag 3 PO 4 . Particularly, 2 wt% Bi-doped Ag 3 PO 4 managed to photodegrade high-concentration (40 mg/L) MO (1 g/L catalyst), with the degradation rate constant 7.3 times that of undoped Ag 3 PO 4 . •OH radicals were the main active species in the oxidation of MO over Bi-doped Ag 3 PO 4 . Doping Bi 3+ substantially reduced OH defects on the surface of Ag 3 PO 4 , which significantly increased the degradation efficiency of MO over Ag 3 PO 4 . In addition, the density-functional theory calculation revealed that the influence of Bi dopants on the electronic structure may be an important reason for the enhanced photocatalytic performance of Ag 3 PO 4 .

A new AgSCN photocatalytic material with a novel nonmetal acid structure was synthesized by an ion-exchange method. Its structure and properties were characterized in detail. UV–vis absorption spectrum showed that AgSCN had the optical indirect band gap of 3.51 eV. The valence level of AgSCN was determined as 1.52 eV by X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. The photodegradation efficiency of rhodamine B over AgSCN was 2.74 times that of N-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) under UV light radiation. The photodegradation rate constant was 4.8 times that of N-TiO2. The high photocatalytic activity mainly resulted from SCN− and the high position of valence band. OH radicals, as the dominant active species in photocatalysis, primarily originated from the multi-step reduction of O2 by photogenerated electron.

Graphical abstract: Three-dimensional interconnected nickel phosphide networks with hollow microstructures and desulfurization performance. - Highlights: • Three-dimensional Ni{sub 2}P has been prepared using foam nickel as a template. • The microstructures interconnected and formed sponge-like porous networks. • Three-dimensional Ni{sub 2}P shows superior hydrodesulfurization activity. - Abstract: Three-dimensional microstructured nickel phosphide (Ni{sub 2}P) was fabricated by the reaction between foam nickel (Ni) and phosphorus red. The as-prepared Ni{sub 2}P samples, as interconnected networks, maintained the original mesh structure of foamed nickel. The crystal structure and morphology of the as-synthesized Ni{sub 2}P were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, automatic mercury porosimetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The SEM study showed adjacent hollow branches were mutually interconnected to form sponge-like networks. The investigation on pore structure provided detailed information for the hollow microstructures. The growth mechanism for the three-dimensionally structured Ni{sub 2}P was postulated and discussed in detail. To investigate its catalytic properties, SiO{sub 2} supported three-dimensional Ni{sub 2}P was prepared successfully and evaluated for the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT). DBT molecules were mostly hydrogenated and then desulfurized by Ni{sub 2}P/SiO{sub 2}.

A simple and efficient approach to the preparation of hollow or porous metal phosphide nanoparticles was presented. Bulk and supported Ni2P, CoP, FeP, and Cu3P were successfully synthesized by reducing metal pyrophosphate precursors in flowing hydrogen. The structural properties of these samples are investigated using X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The Ni2P/SiO2 catalysts were used for the gas phase catalytic hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene. The hydrodesulfurization activity of the catalyst reached 99% when the reaction temperature was 340 °C. In the paper, a possible reaction mechanism was discussed to form Ni2P, CoP, FeP, and Cu3P. The route and mechanism could also be applied to the preparation of other metal phosphides.

The Ag3PO4 and Ag3PO4 sonocatalysts with surface enrichment of Br− anions (Br–Ag3PO4) were synthesized using a facile precipitate process. Various analysis, including X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscope, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, and UV–Vis absorption spectra were carried out to investigate the property and structure. The effect of a variety of changing conditions on ultrasonic degradation of organic dye has been investigated. Both of them exhibited obvious activity for sonocatalytic degradation of organic dyes. However, Br–Ag3PO4 sonocatalysts showed much higher activity than that of Ag3PO4. By XRD analysis, the Br− anions of the surface of Ag3PO4 has been transformed into AgBr in the preparation process. The high activity could be attributed to AgBr for modifying Ag3PO4. By detecting hydroxyl radicals (·OH) in the reactive solution, we found that AgBr on the surface of Ag3PO4 can help to produce a lot of additional ·OH radicals. These ·OH radicals may be significant reason to improve Ag3PO4 activity, which further proved the ·OH radical mechanism of Ag3PO4 degradation of dyes under ultrasonic radiation. In addition, kinetic analysis and sonocatalytic mechanism were discussed in detail.

AgBr sonocatalysts were prepared by a simple method. The AgBr sonocatalysts exhibited excellent sonocatalytic activities against the decolorization of methylene blue, rhodamine B, and methyl orange. By determining the content of OH radicals in the ultrasonic degradation of organic dyes, many OH radicals were detected, which may be responsible for the high sonodegradation rate over AgBr under ultrasonic radiation. Based on the effects of the initial dye concentration on the sonodegradation, we also discussed and analyzed the kinetic data, and the results are consistent with the first-order kinetic rate equation.

A new catalyst of silver tyipolyphosphate (Ag5P3O10) for sonodegradation of dyes, was prepared by a hydrothermal route. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–vis absorption spectroscopy (UV–vis), photoluminescence spectra (PL) and N2 adsorption–desorption methods. The degradation of dyes in water was investigated under ultrasonic irradiation in the presence of Ag5P3O10. The result shows Ag5P3O10 has the excellent sonodegradation activity of dyes. A large number of hydroxyl ( OH) radicals formed under ultrasonic radiation, and the content of OH radicals increased with increased radiation time. This phenomenon provided the main basis for the high sonodegradation activity of Ag5P3O10 under ultrasonic radiation. The kinetic model and its parameters were also discussed in detail.

A composite semiconductor AgBr/Ag5P3O10 heterojunction has been synthesized by a simple one-step ion-exchange process in Br ionic liquids. All the as-obtained AgBr/Ag5P3O10 heterojunctions were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), UV–vis absorption spectroscopy (UV–vis), photoluminescence (PL), and surface photovoltage (SPS) techniques. The as-prepared AgBr/Ag5P3O10 heterojunctions intensively absorb in the visible light region. The effects of different conditions on the photocatalytic properties were investigated systematically. The AgBr/Ag5P3O10 heterojunctions exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic activity than the individual Ag5P3O10 did in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible-light irradiation. Much more OH radicals were found in the AgBr/Ag5P3O10 system in comparison with those in Ag5P3O10 alone by analyzing the formed OH radicals under visible light radiation. The SPS measurement shows that the SPS amplitude of AgBr/Ag5P3O10 heterojunctions was higher than that of Ag5P3O10, which indicates the higher charge separation efficiency of AgBr/Ag5P3O10 heterojunctions. Based on the above experimental results, the kinetic data and the photocatalytic mechanism of the AgBr/Ag5P3O10 heterojunctions were discussed in detail.

S–N-codoped TiO2 powders have been synthesized through a facile one-step sol–gel method by using tetrabutyltitanate and thiourea as precursors. The S–N-codoped TiO2 treated at 500 °C showed the highest photocatalytic activity for degrading methylene blue under visible light irradiation. XRD, XPS and UV–vis studies revealed that the high visible-light photocatalytic activity of the doped TiO2 may originate from the synergetic effect of sulfur and nitrogen codoping into TiO2.

Spinel CoCo 2 O 4 nanotubes and porous nanostructures have been synthesized by a novel hydrothermal method from Co(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O in mixtures of ammonia and cyclohexane at 220 °C. The morphology and phase of CoCo 2 O 4 can be controlled by adjusting the experimental parameters that include the Co 2+ concentration and the volume ratio of ammonia to cyclohexane. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses were used to characterize the products. The formation mechanisms of CoCo 2 O 4 nanostructures is proposed in detail. The electrochemical properties of the as-prepared samples have been investigated.

Highly ordered Mg(OH) 2 nanotube arrays were prepared inside the pores of porous anodic alumina membranes (AAM) by a simple chemical deposition method. The obtained Mg(OH) 2 /Al 2 O 3 composite membranes were used to remove nickel ions from wastewater with high removal efficiency. Furthermore, after heating the membranes that contained initial absorbed matter, the resulted MgO/NiO/Al 2 O 3 metal-oxides nanostructures still showed nice performance of removing Ni 2+ . This composite AAM system and its preparation on a large scale have been discussed, showing potential application in treatment of wastewaters containing heavy-metal ions.

Polycrystalline metal-organic frameworks Zn4O(1,3,5-benzenetribenzoate)2 (named as MOF-177) with different morphologies have been controlled synthesized through a solvothermal route. MOF-177 electrodes for lithium storage exhibit a relatively high irreversible capacity in the first discharge process and a much lower reversible discharge–charge capacity in the following electrochemical cycles. The performance of MOF-177 is found not impressive for application in reversible lithium storage. A preliminary reaction mechanism on the basis of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is proposed to understand the chemical behaviors of the electrode.

We herein report a direct growth of novel three-dimensional (3D) Mg3P2 dendritic microstructure by the direct reaction between metal Mg and red phosphorus (P4). The 3D pine-like Mg3P2 dendritic microstructures comprise many dendrites with sharp tips, the lengths and the widths are tens of micrometers and hundreds of nanometers. The morphologies of Mg3P2 can also be tuned by adjusting the reaction temperature. The shapes of Mg3P2 vary from cross, grass to dendrite with increasing reaction temperature. A growth mechanism of Mg3P2 microstructures with tunable shapes was proposed and explained in detail.

The design, fabrication and characterization of the dispersive multilayers are presented in this paper. Two kinds of dispersive mirror (High dispersion and 700-900nm Gires-Tournois mirrors) are designed by employing Particle Swarm Optimization method which demonstrates fast convergence speed and less dependence on the initial parameters. The mirrors are experimentally fabricated by home-made dual ion beam sputtering system with stable deposition rate and high density. A white light interferometry is built for precisely measuring the dispersion properties. A novel wavelet-based differentiation approach is introduced with considerable resistance to measurement error. The good agreement between the measured and designed results verifies the accuracy of both the fabrication and characterization method. Finally, two applications of Yb-doped photonic crystal fiber laser and Ti:Sapphire crystal oscillation cavity, which use our fabricated mirrors for dispersion compensation, are presented. Good output characteristics of both the two ultrafast laser systems are obtained.© (2010) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Two distinct ways for direct measurement of group delay from white light spectral interferogram were investigated, including the numerical wavelet transformation and the scanning spectrally resolved method. Both generated measurement results with imporved accuracy.

Background and objective: Nerve growth factor (NGF) contributes to airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction in allergic asthma. The Src homology 2β/serine/threonine kinase (SH2-Bβ/Akt) pathway is one of the avenues through which NGF regulates the biological activity of pheochromocytoma (PC)12 cells. It has also been reported that NGF upregulates the expression of SH2-Bβ in the lung tissue of asthmatic mice. The present study investigated the effects of NGF and SH2-Bβ on Akt activation during allergic airway challenge. Methods: BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin. The effects of NGF and SH2-Bβ on Akt in allergic airway challenge were assessed by intravenously administering anti-NGF antibody or a mutant of SH2-Bβ (R555E) to these mice. Pulmonary histological changes were then assessed and the inflammatory cells in the BAL fluid (BALF) were counted. Additionally, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) expression was determined by fluorescence microscopy, western blotting and quantitative RT-PCR. Airway resistance was also measured using closed-type body plethysmography. Results: We observed p-Akt overexpression in the lungs after allergen challenge by fluorescence microscopy, Western blotting and RT-PCR, as compared with the control. However, after treatment with anti-NGF or R555E, p-Akt levels and allergen-induced airway inflammation were reduced in comparison with those of allergen-challenged mice. Anti-NGF and R555E also decreased airway hyperresponsiveness caused by allergen challenge in response to methacholine (MCH). Conclusions: These results suggest that SH2-Bβ regulation of Akt partly participates in the NGF-mediated development of allergic airway challenge.

Magnetically suspended flywheel (MSFW) is used in spacecraft to control the attitude. The mechanical structure of MSFW must accommodate thermal strains due to the temperature differences. And both the thermal stresses and the thermal loads change as the size and shape of the structure changes. Therefore, coupling exists between the heat transfer and the static stress analysis problems. In this paper finite element method (FEM) is used to process the thermal and structural analysis of the MSFW rotor and motor stator. The solution is performed by ANSYS software code. The temperature distribution is determined by the steady state thermal analysis. Based on the temperature field results, the thermal stress and deformation fields are calculated as well. The results provide the theoretical basis for the thermal design and can also be a guide for the structural optimization of the MSFW.

Aims : To study the anti-tumor effect on MCF-7 cells and the related mechanism of the alcohol extract of Rhodiola algida Var. tangutica Methods : The effective constituent of the extract was detected with the high efficiency liquid chromatography. The survival rate of MCF-7 cells was evaluated by MTT test. The morphological change of cells was observed with optical microscope. The apoptotic influence of the extract on cells was researched with Annexin V-FITC/PI kit and flow cytometry Results : The main constituent of the extract contained the salidroside and tyrosol. The extract caused decrease in the survival of MCF-7. The results of optical microscope showed the vacuole and apoptotic body in MCF-7 cells. The FCM analysis showed that lower concentrations of the extract caused much apoptotic cells and higher concentrations led to much necrotic cells Conclusion : The extract of Rhodiola algida Var. tangutica inhibits division of MCF-7 cells and the cytostatic and antiproliferative effect was related to apoptosis induction mechanism.

Objective To investigate the underlying mechanism of reduced myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats using the traditional Tibetan medicine Sanweitanxiang powder (SWTX). Methods Rats were randomly divided into six groups ( n =10) as follows: (a) propranolol dinitrate control group, given propranolol dinitrate 0.02 g/kg for 10 days before I/R, (b) SWTX with a high dose group, given SWTX 1.5 g/kg for 10 days before I/R, (c) SWTX with a medium dose group, given SWTX 1.25 g/kg for 10 days before I/R, (d) sham group (Sham), in which the rat heart was exposed by pericardiotomy but without I/R, (e) SWTX with a low dose group, given SWTX 1.0 g/kg for 10 days before I/R, and (f) I/R injury group. Rats were intragastrically pretreated with propranolol dinitrate or SWTX. After that, the operation to cause ischemia and reperfusion was conducted. The histopathologic changes of rat hearts were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. Ca 2+ homeostasis protein expression was determined by western blot. Results After SWTX pretreatment, the development of ultrastructural pathological changes from IR injury was attenuated. A decrease in the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X protein, and an increase in the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 were observed. An increased activation of extracellular signal regulated kinases were found. Compared with the sham group, the expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-ATPase, phospholamban, and calsequestrin were all up-regulated after pretreatment with SWTX. Conclusion The protective mechanism of SWTX pretreatment on myocardial I/R injury might be related to its effect on maintaining the balance of calcium homeostasis in rat heart.