326 results on '"Shuter, Brian J."'
Search Results
2. Do invasive terrestrial invertebrates subsidize north-temperate fish populations? The case of the spongy moth (Lymantria dispar dispar)
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Fernandes, Timothy J., Shuter, Brian J., and McMeans, Bailey C.
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- 2024
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3. Integrating hydroacoustic and telemetric surveys to estimate fish abundance: a new approach to an old problem
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Shuter, Brian J., Milne, Scott W., Hrenchuk, Lee E., deKerckhove, Derrick T., and Rennie, Michael D.
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Underwater acoustics -- Methods ,Stock assessment (Wildlife management) -- Methods ,Telemetry -- Methods ,Fishery management -- Methods ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Population abundance is a critical metric in fisheries and conservation, but it is very difficult to measure accurately. Existing estimation methods present significant challenges: mark-recapture methods are time- and labour-intensive, and hydroacoustic echo counting methods face issues with target identity and the habitat types where they can be effectively applied. We present a new methodology for abundance estimation that can improve the reliability of echo counting methods. Split beam hydroacoustic survey data are integrated with telemetry data from fish bearing acoustic transponder tags. These tags are counted by a spatially and temporally concurrent multibeam acoustic survey to produce mark-recapture abundance estimates. We assessed this approach on four wild lake trout populations, ranging in abundance from ~200 to ~3000 adults. Our abundance estimates were consistent with those derived from conventional Schnabel and Jolly-Seber mark-recapture studies. We show that the precision achievable with this method in 1 year of field work rivals that provided by long-term (>10 years) continuous mark-recapture studies. We also discuss other ecological questions that could be addressed with this approach. Key words: estimating abundance, hydroacoustics, acoustic telemetry, mark- recapture, multibeam sonar, Introduction 'Managing fisheries is hard: it's like managing a forest, in which the trees are invisible and keep moving around'--John Shepherd Sustainable fisheries management requires the resource manager to ensure [...]
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- 2023
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4. The timing of spring warming shapes reproductive effort in a warm-water fish: the role of mismatches between hepatic and gonadal processes
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Fernandes, Timothy J., Shuter, Brian J., Ihssen, Peter E., and McMeans, Bailey C.
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Spring -- Environmental aspects ,Fishes -- Physiological aspects -- Environmental aspects ,Climatic changes -- Environmental aspects ,Liver -- Physiological aspects ,Gonads -- Physiological aspects ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Temperate zone winters are experiencing greater rates of warming relative to other seasons and latitudinal regions globally. Spring-spawning fishes native to northern environments rely on both increasing temperature and lengthening photoperiod to cue reproduction and may thus be particularly sensitive to rapid warming earlier in the year while day lengths remain short. We investigated the reproductive response of pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) to spring warming commencing at a range of day lengths (9-15 hours), corresponding to various calendar days (10 January-22 May). In both the laboratory and field, both male and female fish that experienced early warming while day lengths were A l'echelle planetaire, les hivers dans les regions temperees se rechauffent plus rapidement que les autres saisons et que dans d'autres regions latitudinales. Chez les poissons indigenes des milieux nordiques qui frayent au printemps, l'augmentation des temperatures et l'allongement de la photoperiode sont des signaux qui induisent la reproduction, de sorte que ces poissons pourraient etre particulierement sensibles au rechauffement rapide plus tot dans l'annee, alors que la duree des jours demeure courte. Nous avons examine l'effet sur la reproduction de crapets-soleils (Lepomis gibbosus) du debut du rechauffement printanier a differentes durees du jour (de 9 a 15 heures) correspondant a differentes dates (du 10 janvier au 22 mai). Tant en laboratoire que sur le terrain, chez des poissons males et femelles ayant ete exposes a un rechauffement hatif alors que la longueur du jour etait inferieure a 11 heures, (1) la preparation a la reproduction dans le foie n'avait pas ete initiee avant le debut du developpement des gonades, (2) l'allocation de ressources a la reproduction etait reduite. L'analyse de donnees publiees sur les poissons de regions temperees donne a penser que le developpement du foie precedant le developpement des gonades est repandu dans les guildes thermiques d'eau chaude, temperee et froide, bien que la phenologie precise du developpement du foie par rapport a celui des gonades semble tres variable d'une espece a l'autre. Collectivement, nos resultats indiqueraient que l'attenuation de la preparation a la reproduction serait un mecanisme de modulation de l'efficacite de la reproduction chez les poissons tant d'eau chaude que d'eau temperee en reponse a un rechauffement printanier plus hatif. [Traduit par la Redaction], 1. Introduction At north-temperate latitudes, winters are projected to warm more rapidly than other seasons and regions under a changing global climate (Hoegh-Guldberg et al. 2018). Climate-driven declines in winter [...]
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- 2022
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5. Ephemeral piscivory in a mesopredator sunfish: Implications for pond food webs.
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Fernandes, Timothy J., O'Connor, Reilly, McCann, Kevin S., Shuter, Brian J., and McMeans, Bailey C.
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FISH ponds ,FOOD chains ,AQUATIC ecology ,TOP predators ,POLYMORPHISM (Zoology) ,PREDATION - Abstract
The article explores the seasonal piscivory behavior of pumpkinseed sunfish in pond ecosystems in Southern Ontario, Canada. The study reveals that pumpkinseed sunfish exhibit extensive seasonal fish consumption in ponds, even in the absence of large predators. The findings suggest that mesopredator fish like pumpkinseed may fill the top predator niche in pond ecosystems, highlighting the importance of considering ponds in ecological research and understanding the impacts of expanding mesopredator species on aquatic food webs. The study emphasizes the need for further research to test the mesopredator release hypothesis and quantify the consequences of meso- and top predator expansion in pond ecosystems. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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6. A General, Life History-Based Model for Sustainable Exploitation of Lake Charr Across Their Range
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Lester, Nigel P., Shuter, Brian J., Jones, Michael L., Sandstrom, Steve, Noakes, David L. G., Series Editor, Muir, Andrew M., editor, Krueger, Charles C., editor, Hansen, Michael J., editor, and Riley, Stephen C., editor
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- 2021
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7. Consistent seasonal flexibility of the gut and its regions across wild populations of a winter-quiescent fish
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Fernandes, Timothy J., primary, Li, Hugo, additional, Shuter, Brian J., additional, and McMeans, Bailey C., additional
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- 2024
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8. Productivity of Fish Populations: Environmental and Ecological Drivers
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MacLeod, Haley A., primary, Shuter, Brian J., additional, Minns, Charles K., additional, and Rennie, Michael D., additional
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- 2022
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9. Predicting open-water thermal regimes of temperate North American lakes
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Gillis, Daniel P., Minns, Charles K., and Shuter, Brian J.
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Lakes -- Environmental aspects -- Models ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Temperature profoundly affects the physical, chemical, and biological attributes of lakes and is influenced by several abiotic factors. Lake temperature modelling permits regional estimates of seasonal fish thermal habitat availability; however, this requires models that are accurate across large spatial scales. To address this, we fit a semi-mechanistic seasonal temperature-profile model (STM) to 369 morphometrically diverse North American lakes with data spanning 1971-2016. STM with a fixed-depth thermocline formula accurately modelled lake temperature (median pseudo-[R.sup.2]: 0.95, median lake-year-specific root mean square error (RMSE): 1.13 [degrees]C). We used random forests to select candidate predictors, then used linear mixed-effects modelling, based on these predictors, to create empirical equations to predict STM parameters from lake-specific morphometric and climate measures. We tested the accuracy of our equations by predicting thermal profiles in 776 Ontario lakes, finding good agreement between predicted and observed temperatures (median lake-year-specific RMSE: 2.38 [degrees]C) and stratification occurrence (91.7%). These findings enhance our understanding of the factors that influence lake temperatures and can be used to identify lake types and regions that may be especially susceptible to climate change. La temperature a une profonde incidence sur les attributs physiques, chimiques et biologiques des lacs et est en retour influencee par plusieurs facteurs abiotiques. Si la modelisation de la temperature des lacs permet d'obtenir des estimations regionales de la disponibilite d'habitats thermiques saisonniers pour les poissons, elle necessite des modeles exacts a de grandes echelles spatiales. Pour examiner cette question, nous avons cale un modele de profils de temperatures saisonnieres (MTS) semi-mecaniste sur des donnees pour 369 lacs nord-americains tres varies sur le plan morphometrique pour la periode de 1971 a 2016. Un MTS integrant une formule de thermocline a profondeur fixe modelise avec exactitude la temperature des lacs (valeur mediane du pseudo-[R.sup.2] : 0,95; valeur mediane de I'Et propre au lac et a l'annee : 1,13 [degrees]C). Nous avons utilise des forets aleatoires pour selectionner des variables predictives possibles, puis utilise la modelisation d'effets mixtes lineaires, basee sur ces variables, pour etablir des equations empiriques pour predire des parametres de MTS a partir de mesures climatiques et morphometriques propres au lac. Nous avons verifie l'exactitude de nos equations en predisant les profils de temperatures dans 776 lacs en Ontario et avons constate une bonne concordance entre les temperatures predites et observees (valeur mediane de I'Et propre au lac et a l'annee : 2,38 [degrees]C) et la presence d'une stratification (91,7 %). Ces constatations ameliorent la comprehension des facteurs qui influent sur les temperatures des lacs et peuvent etre utilisees pour etablir quels types de lacs et quelles regions pourraient etre particulierement vulnerables aux changements climatiques. [Traduit par la Redaction], 1. Introduction Temperature exerts fundamentally important effects on the structure and function of lake ecosystems. Fish behaviour, metabolic processes, and survival are all influenced by temperature (Fry 1947; Magnuson et [...]
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- 2021
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10. Blinded by the light? Nearshore energy pathway coupling and relative predator biomass increase with reduced water transparency across lakes
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Tunney, Tyler D., McCann, Kevin S., Jarvis, Lauren, Lester, Nigel P., and Shuter, Brian J.
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- 2018
11. The problem of estimating recent genetic connectivity in a changing world
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Samarasin, Pasan, Shuter, Brian J., Wright, Stephen I., and Rodd, F. Helen
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- 2017
12. Tree Regression Analysis on the Nesting Habitat of Smallmouth Bass
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Rejwan, Cynthia, Collins, Nicholas C., Brunner, L. Jerry, Shuter, Brian J., and Ridgway, Mark S.
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- 1999
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13. Estimating thermal response metrics for North American freshwater fish using Bayesian phylogenetic regression
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Hasnain, Sarah S., Escobar, Michael D., and Shuter, Brian J.
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Fishery research ,Freshwater fishes -- Research ,Heat tolerance (Biology) -- Research ,Temperature effects -- Research ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Physiological performance in fish peaks within a well-defined range of temperatures, which is distinct for each species. Species-specific thermal responses for growth, survival, and reproduction are most commonly quantified directly through laboratory experiment or field observation, with a focus on six specific metrics: optimum growth temperature and final temperature preferendum (growth), upper incipient lethal temperature and critical thermal maximum (survival), and optimum spawning temperature and optimum egg development temperature (reproduction). These values remain unknown for many North American freshwater fish species. In this paper, we present a new statistical method (Bayesian phylogenetic regression) that uses relationships between these metrics and phenetic relatedness to estimate unknown metric values. The reliability of these estimates was compared with those derived from models incorporating taxonomic family and models without any taxonomic information. Overall, incorporating taxonomic family relatedness improved estimation accuracy across all metrics. For Salmonidae and Cyprinidae, estimates derived from Bayesian phylogenetic regression typically had the highest expected reliability. We used our methods to generate 274 estimates of unknown metric values for over 100 North American freshwater fish species. La performance physiologique chez les poissons atteint un maximum dans une fourchette bien definie de temperatures, qui varie selon l'espece. Les reactions thermiques propres a l'espece en matiere de croissance, de survie et de reproduction sont le plus souvent quantifiees directement par des experiences en laboratoire ou des observations de terrain, en mettant l'accent sur six parametres, a savoir : la temperature de croissance optimale et le preferendum de la temperature finale (croissance), la temperature superieure du debut de la letalite et la temperature critique maximum (survie) et la temperature de frai optimale et la temperature de developpement des reufs optimale (reproduction). Ces valeurs demeurent inconnues pour de nombreuses especes de poissons d'eau douce nord-americaines. Nous presentons une nouvelle methode statistique (regression phylogenetique bayesienne) qui fait appel aux relations entre ces parametres et l'affinite phenetique pour estimer des valeurs de parametre inconnues. La fiabilite de ces estimations est comparee a celles d'estimations obtenues de modeles integrant la famille taxonomique et de modeles n'integrant aucune information taxonomique. Globalement, l'integration de l'affinite taxonomique familiale ameliore l'exactitude des estimations pour tous les parametres. Pour les salmonides et les cyprinides, les estimations obtenues par regression phylogenetique bayesienne presentent typiquement la plus grande fiabilite attendue. Nous avons utilise nos methodes pour produire 274 estimations de valeurs de parametre inconnues pour plus de 100 especes de poissons d'eau douce nord-americaines. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Temperature affects all biochemical, physiological, and life history processes in fish. The external thermal environment regulates almost all internal processes, from protein synthesis and active metabolic rate to swimming [...]
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- 2018
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14. Factors influencing peak summer surface water temperature in Canada's large lakes
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Minns, Charles K., Shuter, Brian J., Davidson, Andrew, and Wang, Shusen
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Water temperature -- Environmental aspects ,Lakes -- Environmental aspects ,Summer -- Environmental aspects ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Seasonal water temperature data from 388 large Canadian lakes (area [greater than or equal to] 100 [km.sup.2]) were used to develop improved empirical tools for forecasting the impacts of climate change on the magnitude ([T.sub.P]) and time of occurrence ([J.sub.P]) of annual peak surface water temperatures. Analyses of remotely sensed open-water temperatures with sinusoidal models produced estimates of [T.sub.P] and [J.sub.P] predominately better than other models. Those estimates were analyzed for lake and climate patterns. Linear mixed effects regression produced a significant model of [T.sub.P] with fixed positive effects for mean July and annual air temperatures and lake perimeter, but negative effects with mean July and annual percent cloud cover, mean annual precipitation, range of monthly mean global clear sky radiation, area, and elevation. Subsets of the estimates with mean, maximum, or Secchi depth values produced similarly significant models with negative depth coefficients. [J.sub.P] was relatively invariant but small, significant lake and climate effects were detected. The best models identified in our analyses will be useful tools for forecasting how climate change will alter aspects of the limnetic seasonal water temperature cycle that strongly influences the species composition and productivity of their fisheries. Des donnees sur les temperatures saisonnieres de l'eau de 388 grands lacs (area [greater than or equal to] 100 [km.sup.2]) canadiens ont ete utilisees pour mettre au point des outils empiriques ameliores pour predire les impacts des changements climatiques sur la magnitude ([T.sub.P]) et la date d'occurrence ([J.sub.P]) des temperatures annuelles maximums de la surface de l'eau. Des analyses des temperatures des eaux libres mesurees a distance a l'aide de modeles sinusoidaux ont produit des estimations de [T.sub.P] et de [J.sub.P] generalement meilleures que celles d'autres modeles. Ces estimations ont ete analysees pour deceler des motifs associes aux lacs et au climat. La regression lineaire a effets mixtes a produit un modele significatif de [T.sub.P] avec des effets positifs fixes pour les temperatures atmospheriques moyennes annuelles et pour juillet et pour le perimetre des lacs, mais des effets negatifs pour le pourcentage de couverture nuageuse moyen annuel et en juillet, les precipitations annuelles moyennes, l'intervalle de variation du rayonnement par ciel clair global moyen, la superficie et l'altitude. Des sous-ensembles des estimations avec des valeurs de profondeur moyenne, maximum ou de Secchi ont produit des modeles similairement significatifs avec des coefficients de profondeur negatifs. Les valeurs de [J.sub.P] etaient relativement invariables, bien que des effets faibles, mais significatifs du lac et du climat aient ete deceles. Les meilleurs modeles a la lumiere de nos analyses constitueront des outils utiles pour predire comment les changements climatiques modifieront des aspects du cycle limnetique de temperatures saisonnieres de l'eau qui exercent une forte influence sur la composition des especes et la productivite de leurs peches. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Canada's fresh waters are threatened by a wide range of human activities (Chu et al. 2015; Schindler 2001). The greatest threat, climate change (IPCC 2013), is likely to exacerbate [...]
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- 2018
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15. Characterizing patterns of nearshore water temperature variation in the North American Great Lakes and assessing sensitivities to climate change
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Trumpickas, Justin, Shuter, Brian J., Minns, Charles K., and Cyr, Hélène
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- 2015
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16. After 100 years: hydroelectric dam-induced life-history divergence and population genetic changes in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)
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Samarasin, Pasan, Shuter, Brian J., and Rodd, F. Helen
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- 2017
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17. Effects of differential habitat warming on complex communities
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Tunney, Tyler D., McCann, Kevin S., Lester, Nigel P., and Shuter, Brian J.
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- 2014
18. Life-history plasticity and sustainable exploitation: a theory of growth compensation applied to walleye management
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Lester, Nigel P., Shuter, Brian J., Venturelli, Paul, and Nadeau, Daniel
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- 2014
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19. Energetic costs of activity in wild lake trout: a calibration study using acceleration transmitters and positional telemetry
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Cruz-Font, Liset, Shuter, Brian J., and Blanchfield, Paul J.
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Metabolism -- Measurement ,Trout -- Physiological aspects ,Telemetry -- Usage ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Acceleration telemetry transmitters offer the opportunity to estimate the cost of behaviours in free-ranging fishes, but a methodology to translate acceleration data into metabolic equivalents is still needed. This study extends previous calibration studies, explores how well tail-beat frequency transmitters fulfill their role, and presents a procedure to convert acceleration data into metabolic cost within a framework consistent with traditional fish bioenergetics models and thus facilitates comparisons of energetic costs between natural fish populations. These objectives were achieved by comparing data from lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in a laboratory setting with data from three natural populations. In the laboratory, tail-beat frequency, acceleration values, and oxygen consumption increased progressively with swimming speed. In the wild, individual swimming speeds estimated from positional telemetry were consistently underestimated by, but positively related to, transmitter-based acceleration values. The proposed rationale to estimate metabolic rate from acceleration data accounts for variation in fish mass and environmental temperature. We demonstrated how this novel method permits comparison of metabolic costs associated with the levels of activity typical of lake trout living in two different lakes. Les transmetteurs de telemesure de l'acceleration offrent la possibility d'estimer le cout de comportements chez les poissons en liberte, mais la methodologie permettant de traduire les donnees deceleration en equivalents metaboliques n'est pas encore etablie. L'etude elargit des etudes d'etalonnage anterieures, explore dans quelle mesure les transmetteurs de frequence des battements de queue jouent leur role et presente une procedure pour convertir les donnees deceleration en cout metabolique dans un cadre s'alignant avec les modeles bioenergetiques traditionnels pour les poissons, facilitant ainsi la comparaison des couts energetiques entre populations naturelles de poissons. Ces objectifs ont ete atteints en comparent des donnees pour des touladis (Salvelinus namaycush) obtenues en laboratoire a des donnees pour trois populations naturelles. En laboratoire, la frequence des battements de queue, les valeurs deceleration et la consommation d'oxygene augmentaient progressivement parallelement a la vitesse de nage. A l'etat sauvage, les vitesses de nage individuelles estimees a partir des donnees de telemesure positionnelle etaient uniformement sous-estimees par les valeurs d'acceleration provenant des transmetteurs, bien qu'elles fussent positivement correlees a ces dernieres. La justification proposee pour estimer le metabolisme a partir de donnees deceleration tient compte des variations du poids des poissons et de la temperature ambiante. Nous avons demontre que cette methode novatrice permet de comparer les couts metaboliques associes aux degres d'activite typiques de touladis vivant dans deux lacs differents. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction The study of animal movements is critical to understanding various ecological processes (Nathan et al. 2008). Individuals move in response to the environment--abiotic and biotic--and as a result of [...]
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- 2016
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20. Size-based approaches to aquatic ecosystems and fisheries science: a symposium in honour of Rob Peters
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Giacomini, Henrique C., Shuter, Brian J., and Baum, Julia K.
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Ecologists -- Reports ,Fish populations -- Research ,Fishery management -- Methods ,Earth sciences - Abstract
This special issue honours Rob Peters' outstanding contributions to the field of aquatic ecology. It focuses on the size spectrum approach--in which individual organisms, rather than species, are the most basic biological unit--and highlights applications of this approach to fisheries management. The 21 papers in this issue cover three subject areas: (i) the use of size spectra to characterize variation in community structure, (ii) the development of size-based models of ecosystem dynamics to address fisheries questions, and (iii) applications of size-based theory to examine the consequences of variation in predator-prey size relationships, body size--trophic level relationships, and body size--life history relationships. The empirical studies herein demonstrate the utility of size spectra as indicators of population or community structure and for detecting impacts associated with environmental change. Future research focused on refining size-based sampling methods, standardizing metrics and analytical methods, understanding model sensitivity to the underlying assumptions, and comparative studies across ecosystems will enhance our ability to reliably interpret changes in size spectrum characteristics, thus facilitating their use as indicators of ecological change. Le present numero special souligne la contribution exceptionnelle de Rob Peters au domaine de l'ecologie aquatique. Il se penche sur l'approche axee sur les spectres de tailles, selon laquelle l'individu, plutot que l'espece, constitue l'unite biologique la plus fondamentale, et il presente des applications de cette approche de gestion des peches. Les vingt et un articles qu'il renferme couvrent trois grands secteurs d'etude, a savoir (i) l'utilisation des spectres de tailles pour caracteriser les variations de la structure de communautes, (ii) le developpement de modeles bases sur la taille de la dynamique des ecosystemes pour examiner des questions touchant aux ressources halieutiques, et (iii) des applications de la theorie basee sur la taille pour examiner les consequences des variations des relations de la taille des predateurs et proies, des relations entre la taille du corps et le niveau trophique et des relations entre la taille du corps et le cycle biologique. Les etudes empiriques presentees demontrent l'utilite des spectres de tailles comme indicateurs de la structure des populations ou des communautes et pour detecter les impacts associes aux modifications de l'environnement. Des travaux de recherche futurs visant le raffinement des methodes d'echantillonnage basees sur la taille, la normalisation des parametres et methodes analytiques, la comprehension de la sensibilite des modeles aux hypotheses sous-jacentes et des etudes comparatives de differents ecosystemes accroitront la capacite d'interpreter de maniere fiable les variations des caracteristiques des spectres de tailles, en facilitant ainsi l'utilisation comme indicateurs de changements ecologiques. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction '... size has a remarkably great influence on the organization of animal communities' (Elton 1927) Body size is the most conspicuous trait of living organisms, varying over 20 orders [...]
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- 2016
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21. Fish life history dynamics: shifts in prey size structure evoke shifts in predator maturation traits
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Shuter, Brian J., Giacomini, Henrique C., de Kerckhove, Derrick, and Vascotto, Kris
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Lake trout -- Growth ,Predation (Biology) -- Research ,Company growth ,Earth sciences - Abstract
A bioenergetic framework is developed to predict optimal life history responses to environmentally driven changes in the rate of energy production by a predator. This framework is used to predict the responses of age at maturation, size at maturation, and asymptotic size to changes in the predator-prey size ratio. Predators feeding on relatively smaller prey (i.e., having larger predator-prey size ratios) have lower growth efficiency and are predicted as a consequence to mature earlier, at smaller sizes, and reach smaller asymptotic sizes. This prediction was tested using a 78-year time series (1936-2013) of data from a natural population of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Lake Opeongo, Algonquin Park, Ontario, Canada. A large decrease in the predator-prey size ratio for this population occurred over the period 1950-1965 when a preferred prey (cisco, Coregonus artedii) was introduced to the lake. This decrease was followed by ~20 years of constancy in the size ratio and then 25 years of progressive increase. Lake trout life history responded plastically during both periods and consistently with our predictions. Extensive analysis of available data provided little empirical support for alternative explanations for the observed changes in lake trout size and maturity (e.g., changes in cisco and (or) lake trout density and harvest rates). The framework developed here derives plastic life history changes from fixed developmental thresholds that are based on the scaling of net production with body size and can be used to predict the shape of maturation reaction norms for the major shifts in community structure that are compactly summarized by changes in size spectrum parameters. Un cadre bioenergetique est elabore pour predire les reactions optimales du cycle biologique a des variations du taux de production energetique de predateurs causees par le milieu ambiant. Ce cadre est utilise pour predire les reactions de l'age a la maturite, de la taille a la maturite et de la taille asymptotique a des changements du rapport taille du predateur-taille des proies. Les predateurs se nourrissant de proies relativement petites (c.-a-d. des rapports taille du predateur-taille des proies plus grands) presentent une efficacite de croissance plus faible et devraient, par consequent, arriver a maturite plus tot, a des tailles plus petites, et atteindre des tailles asymptotiques plus faibles. Cette prediction a ete verifiee a l'aide d'une serie chronologique de 78 ans (1936-2013) de donnees sur une population naturelle de touladis (Salvelinus namaycush) dans le lac Opeongo, dans le parc Algonquin (Ontario, Canada). Une forte baisse du rapport taille du predateur-taille des proies pour cette population s'est produite durant la periode de 1950 a 1965 quand une proie preferee (le cisco de lac, Coregonus artedii) a ete introduite dans le lac. Cette baisse a ete suivie d'une periode de constance d'environ 20 ans du rapport des tailles, puis de 25 annees d'augmentation graduelle. Le cycle biologique des touladis a reagi de maniere plastique durant les deux periodes et conformement a nos predictions. L'analyse approfondie des donnees disponibles offre peu de soutien empirique pour d'autres explications possibles des changements observes de la taille et de l'age a la maturite des touladis (p. ex. variations de la densite des ciscos et (ou) des touladis ou des taux de prises). Le cadre elabore predit des changements plastiques du cycle biologique a partir de seuils de developpement fixes qui reposent sur la mise a l'echelle de la production nette selon la taille du corps et il peut etre utilise pour predire la forme des normes de reaction de la maturation pour des changements importants de la structure de la communaute qui sont resumes de maniere compacte par des changements de parametres du spectre de taille. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Life history (LH) traits (e.g., age or size at maturation, [A.sub.mat] or [L.sub.mat], respectively) directly influence survivorship and reproduction, and therefore much of their variation in nature is expected [...]
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- 2016
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22. Catch-per-unit-effort and size spectra of lake fish assemblages reflect underlying patterns in ecological conditions and anthropogenic activities across regional and local scales
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Chu, Cindy, Lester, Nigel P., Giacomini, Henrique C., Shuter, Brian J., and Jackson, Donald A.
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Fishes, Fresh-water -- Research ,Fish populations -- Research ,Indicators (Biology) -- Research ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Across broad geographic scales, ecological indicators for fish assemblages should represent causal ecological processes, be sensitive enough to show patterns across the landscape, and reflect underlying biotic or abiotic conditions that influence those patterns. We assessed the responses of commonly applied ecological indicators for lake fish assemblages (mean body size, catch-perunit-effort (CPUE), and normalized length size spectrum (NLSS) slope) to regional (climate, water chemistry, and watershed stress due to human activities) and local (lake morphometry, water quality, and angling pressure) ecological and anthropogenic variables. The indicators were estimated using fish assemblage catch data acquired via a standardized gillnetting protocol implemented within 693 lakes in Ontario, Canada. To our knowledge, our study is the first size-based or catch-based indicator evaluation to include detailed observations of angling pressure on hundreds of inland lakes. Boosted regression tree models showed that CPUE of large-bodied organisms and NLSS slope best described underlying patterns in the regional and local variables. Models developed with a mix of regional and local variables performed better than models developed with regional or local variables alone. The relative influences of the variables and responses varied among indicators, but in general, ecological variables had greater influence on the indicators than anthropogenic variables. These results emphasize the complex and multiscaled nature of factors and ecological processes affecting body size, habitat-community production, and trophic dynamics in lake fish assemblages. Sur un vaste eventail d'echelles geographiques, les indicateurs ecologiques pour les assemblages de poissons devraient representer des processus ecologiques causaux, etre assez sensibles pour reveler des motifs a l'echelle du paysage et refleter les conditions biotiques et abiotiques sous-jacentes qui influencent ces motifs. Nous avons evalue les reactions d'indicateurs ecologiques couramment utilises pour les assemblages de poissons de lac, dont la taille moyenne du corps, la capture par unite d'effort (CPUE) et la pente du spectre longueur-taille normalise (NLSS), a des variables ecologiques et anthropiques regionales (climat, chimie de l'eau, stress sur le bassin versant du a l'activite humaine) et locales (morphometrie du lac, qualite de l'eau et pression de la peche sportive). Les indicateurs ont ete estimes a l'aide de donnees sur les prises pour des assemblages de poissons acquises en appliquant un protocole normalise de peche au filet maillant dans 693 lacs en Ontario (Canada). A notre connaissance, il s'agit de la premiere evaluation d'indicateurs bases sur la taille ou sur les prises qui integre des observations detaillees sur la pression de la peche sportive dans des centaines de lacs interieurs. Des modeles d'arbre de regression a niveau eleve demontrent que la CPUE de grands organismes et la pente du NLSS decrivent le mieux les motifs sous-jacents definis par les variables regionales et locales. Les modeles elabores a l'aide d'une combinaison de variables regionales et locales donnent de meilleurs resultats que les modeles elabores seulement avec l'un ou l'autre de ces types de variables. Les influences relatives des variables et les reactions variaient selon les indicateurs, mais les variables ecologiques exercaient generalement une plus grande influence sur les indicateurs que les variables anthropiques. Ces resultats soulignent le caractere complexe et multi-echelle des facteurs et processus ecologiques qui influent sur la taille du corps, la production des habitats de la communaute et la dynamique trophique dans les assemblages de poissons de lac. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction The composition and production of fish assemblages in lakes of the northern hemisphere are shaped by large-scale processes and factors such as postglacial recolonization, geomorphology, and climate. They are [...]
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- 2016
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23. Predation on schooling fish is shaped by encounters between prey during school formation using an Ideal Gas Model of animal movement
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de Kerckhove, Derrick T., primary and Shuter, Brian J., additional
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- 2022
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24. Fish diversity and biomass in northern Canadian lakes: northern lakes are more diverse and have greater biomass than expected based on species-energy theory
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Samarasin, Pasan, Minns, Charles K., Shuter, Brian J., Tonn, William M., and Rennie, Michael D.
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Biological diversity -- Research ,Zoological research ,Fish populations -- Environmental aspects ,Biomass -- Environmental aspects ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Biodiversity in northern Canada (north of 60°N latitude) is threatened, primarily by increasing resource exploitation and by climate change. Unfortunately, we have relatively limited knowledge of aquatic biodiversity for this region, making it difficult to develop suitable policies to manage these threats. Here we describe, quantify, and test hypotheses related to fish biodiversity and biomass in 37 lakes in a diamond mining district (the Barrenlands) in the Northwest Territories, Canada (64°N, 110°W). To estimate species richness and biomass of fish, we took advantage of exhaustive sampling and monitoring surveys conducted in the region and compared our northern estimates against estimates from southern Canadian lakes. We found that most of the 37 northern lakes contained two to four species, with the largest lake containing eight species. Salmonids dominated this system, with lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) being the dominant species in abundance and biomass. Comparative analysis with similar-sized southern Canadian lakes showed no significant difference in the slopes of species richness versus lake area curves. Surprisingly, total fish biomass distributions for northern, Barrenlands lakes were also similar to southern, Ontario lakes. Overall, our results suggest that Barrenlands lakes are important natural resources of Canada that should be conserved for the future. Under anticipated scenarios of climate change, these lakes may represent important refugia for coldwater fishes (e.g., lake trout) as habitats at the southern edges of their ranges become more limiting. La biodiversite dans le Nord canadien (au nord de 60°N) est menacee, principalement par l'exploitation croissante des ressources et les changements climatiques. Malheureusement, les connaissances sur la biodiversite aquatique de cette region sont assez limitees, ce qui rend difficile l'elaboration de politiques adaptees pour gerer ces menaces. Nous decrivons, quantifions et testons des hypotheses relatives a la diversite et a la biomasse de poissons dans 37 lacs dans un district minier diamantifere (les Barrenlands) des Territoires-du-Nord-Ouest (Canada, 64°N, 110°O). Afin d'estimer la richesse specifique et la biomasse de poissons, nous avons tire parti d'etudes d'echantillonnage et de surveillance exhaustives menees dans la region et compare nos estimations pour le Nord a des estimations pour des lacs du sud du Canada. Nous avons constate que la plupart des 37 lacs septentrionaux contenaient de deux a quatre especes, le plus grand lac en contenant huit. Les salmonides etaient dominants dans ce systeme, le touladi (Salvelinus namaycush) etant l'espece dominante en ce qui concerne l'abondance et la biomasse. La comparaison avec des lacs du Canada meridional de dimensions semblables n'a revele aucune difference significative des pentes des courbes de richesse specifique en fonction de la superficie des lacs. Etonnamment, les distributions de biomasse totale de poissons dans les lacs septentrionaux des Barrenlands etaient egalement semblables a celles des lacs meridionaux de l'Ontario. Globalement, nos resultats portent a croire que les lacs des Barrenlands sont d'importantes ressources naturelles du Canada qui devraient etre conservees pour l'avenir. Dans les scenarios de changements climatiques anticipes, ces lacs pourraient constituer d'importants refuges pour les poissons d'eau froide (p. ex. le touladi) alors que les habitats aux limites meridionales de leurs aires de repartition deviendront de plus en plus limitants. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Species richness (number of species in a given area) is a fundamental measure of diversity (MacArthur and Wilson 1967), and explaining patterns of diversity is a long-standing goal of [...]
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- 2015
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25. Harvesting creates ecological traps: consequences of invisible mortality risks in predator—prey metacommunities
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Abrams, Peter A., Ruokolainen, Lasse, Shuter, Brian J., and McCann, Kevin S.
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- 2012
26. A multi-scale comparison of trait linkages to environmental and spatial variables in fish communities across a large freshwater lake
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Strecker, Angela L., Casselman, John M., Fortin, Marie-Josée, Jackson, Donald A., Ridgway, Mark S., Abrams, Peter A., and Shuter, Brian J.
- Published
- 2011
27. Maternal influences on population dynamics: evidence from an exploited freshwater fish
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Venturelli, Paul A., Murphy, Cheryl A., Shuter, Brian J., Johnston, Thomas A., van Coeverden de Groot, Peter J., Boag, Peter T., Casselman, John M., Montgomerie, Robert, Wiegand, Murray D., and Leggett, William C.
- Published
- 2010
28. Evidence for Harvest-Induced Maternal Influences on the Reproductive Rates of Fish Populations
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Venturelli, Paul A., Shuter, Brian J., and Murphy, Cheryl A.
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- 2009
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29. Regulation of energy acquisition and allocation to respiration, growth and reproduction: simulation model and example using rainbow trout
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Van Winkle, Webster, Shuter, Brian J., Holcomb, Brady D., Jager, Henriette I., Tyler, Jeffrey A., Whitaker, Shree Y., Chambers, R. Christopher, editor, and Trippel, Edward A., editor
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- 1997
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30. Lazy Males? Bioenergetic Differences in Energy Acquisition and Metabolism Help to Explain Sexual Size Dimorphism in Percids
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Rennie, Michael D., Purchase, Craig F., Lester, Nigel, Collins, Nicholas C., Shuter, Brian J., and Abrams, Peter A.
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- 2008
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31. Species compositions mediate biomass conservation: The case of lake fish communities
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Arranz, Ignasi, primary, Fournier, Bertrand, additional, Lester, Nigel P., additional, Shuter, Brian J., additional, and Peres‐Neto, Pedro R., additional
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- 2022
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32. The timing of spring warming shapes reproductive effort in a warm-water fish: the role of mismatches between hepatic and gonadal processes
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Fernandes, Timothy J., primary, Shuter, Brian J., additional, Ihssen, Peter E, additional, and McMeans, Bailey C., additional
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- 2021
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33. Patterns of Food Chain Length in Lakes: A Stable Isotope Study
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Vander Zanden, M. Jake, Shuter, Brian J., Lester, Nigel, and Rasmussen, Joseph B.
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- 1999
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34. Ideal gas model adequately describes movement and school formation in a pelagic freshwater fish
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de Kerckhove, Derrick T., Milne, Scott, Shuter, Brian J., and Abrams, Peter A.
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- 2015
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35. Forecasting impacts of climate change on Great Lakes surface water temperatures
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Trumpickas, Justin, Shuter, Brian J., and Minns, Charles K.
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- 2009
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36. Body Size, Genome Size, and Intrinsic Rate of Increase in Ciliated Protozoa
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Taylor, William D. and Shuter, Brian J.
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- 1981
37. Phylogeny influences the relationships linking key ecological thermal metrics for north American freshwater fish species
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Hasnain, Sarah S., Shuter, Brian J., and Minns, Charles K.
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Animal behavior -- Environmental aspects ,Fishes -- Environmental aspects -- Identification and classification ,Phylogeny -- Research ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Habitat temperature is a major determinant of performance and activity in fish. We summarize published studies of 173 North American freshwater fish species to examine the interrelationships among thermal response metrics associated with three types of individual performance: growth (optimal growth temperature (OGT), final temperature preferendum (FTP)), survival (upper incipient lethal temperature (UILT), critical thermal maximum (CTMax)), and reproduction (optimum spawning temperature (OS), optimum egg development temperature (OE)). We found that all metrics were highly correlated, especially those associated with a specific performance type. Differences in thermal metrics were also significantly linked to traditional thermal guild classifications, spawning season, and strategy. We found an overall decline in correlation strength when we used phylogenetically independent contrasts to control for the effect of phylogeny. This decline was much greater for growth and survival metrics than for reproduction. This suggests that the role of evolutionary history in determining thermal sensitivity at the species level varies greatly across the range of performance types that can be used to characterize the behaviour of an individual. La temperature de l'habitat est un important determinant de la performance et de l'activite chez les poissons. Nous avons compile des etudes publiees sur 173 especes nord-americaines de poissons d'eau douce afin d'examiner les interrelations entre des parametres relatifs a la reponse thermique associes a trois types de performance individuelle : la croissance (temperature de croissance optimale (OGT), preferendum de temperature finale (FTP)), la survie (temperature superieure du debut de la letalite (UILT), temperature critique maximum (CTMax)) et la reproduction (temperature optimum de frai (OS), temperature optimum de developpement des ceufs (OE)). Nous avons constate que tous ces parametres etaient etroitement correles, particulierement ceux associes au meme type de performance. Des differences sur le plan des parametres thermiques etaient egalement significativement reliees aux schemas traditionnels de classification selon la guilde thermique et a la periode et la strategie de frai. Nous avons note une baisse globale de la force des correlations quand des contrastes independants sur le plan phylogenetique etaient utilises pour tenir compte de l'effet de la phylogenie. Cette baisse etait beaucoup plus grande pour les parametres de croissance et de survie que pour ceux de reproduction. Ces resultats suggerent que le role de l'histoire evolutionnaire dans la determination de la sensibilite thermique au niveau de l'espece varie beaucoup selon les types de performance pouvant etre utilises pour caracteriser le comportement de l'individu. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Temperature is one of the most important abiotic factors influencing fish performance in the laboratory and in the wild (Fry et al. 1947; Magnuson et al. 1979; Christie and [...]
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- 2013
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38. A semi-mechanistic seasonal temperature-profile model (STM) for the period of stratification in dimictic lakes
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Minns, Charles K. and Shuter, Brian J.
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Thermoclines (Oceanography) -- Research ,Lake stratification -- Research ,Earth sciences - Abstract
A semi-mechanistic seasonal temperature-profile model (STM) for stratified lakes was successfully tested with six Ontario data sets. The STM has eight parameters: the days of year for the start and end of stratification and the midsummer surface temperature peak ([T.sup.*.sub.x]); the temperature at the onset and end of stratification and [T.sup.*.sub.x]; the seasonal development of the thermocline depth (two parameters); and the steepness of the depth transition from epilimnion to hypolimnion. The STM was fitted using nonlinear least squares with [R.sup.2] ranging from 0.91 to 0.99 and root mean square errors of 0.80 to 1.42°C. Residuals were evenly distributed with respect to date and depth with 69.4% to 95.9% ± 1.0°C. On average, observed-estimated temperature differences range from -0.24 to -0.03°C and +0.16 to +0.37°C for estimated temperatures of 5 and 25°C, respectively. Simulations with daily data sets showed the STM fit was insensitive to reductions in the length of sampling duration and sampling frequency. Several STM parameters were well-estimated by published equations based on morphometric, climatic, and location variables. Un modele semi-mecaniste des profils de temperature saisonniers (STM) pour les lacs stratifies a ete valide a l'aide de six ensembles de donnees de l'Ontario. Le STM comprend huit parametres dont les jours de l'annee du debut et de la fin de la stratification et de la temperature maximum de la surface au milieu de l'ete ([T.sup.*.sub.x]), les temperatures au debut et a la fin de la stratification et [T.sup.*.sub.x], le developpement saisonnier de la profondeur de la thermocline (deux parametres) et la nettete de la transition entre l'epilimnion et l'hypolimnion en fonction de la profondeur. Le STM a ete cale par la methode des moindres carres non lineaire, les valeurs de [R.sup.2] oscillant entre 0,91 et 0,99 et les ecarts types allant de 0,80 a 1,42[degre]C. Les variations residuelles etaient distribuees uniformement selon la date et la profondeur, de 69,4 % a 95,9 % des valeurs etant de ±1,0[degre]C. En moyenne, les differences entre les temperatures observees et estimees se situaient dans des fourchettes de -0,24 a -0,03[degre]C et de +0,16 a +0,37[degre]C pour des temperatures estimees de 5 et 25[degre]C, respectivement. Des simulations avec des ensembles de donnees journalieres montrent que le calage du STM n'est pas sensible aux diminutions de la longueur de la periode d'echantillonnage et de la frequence d'echantillonnage. Plusieurs parametres du STM etaient estimes adequatement par des equations publiees basees sur des variables morphometriques, climatiques et geographiques., Introduction Open-water thermal regimes in dimictic lakes have several key features, e.g., the dates of the onset and end of stratification (Nurnberg 1988; Demers and Kalff 1993), peak epilimnetic and [...]
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- 2013
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39. Projecting impacts of climate change on surface water temperatures of a large subalpine lake: Lake Tahoe, USA
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Ngai, Ka Lai Christine, Shuter, Brian J., Jackson, Donald A., and Chandra, Sudeep
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- 2013
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40. Consistent patterns of maturity and density-dependent growth among populations of walleye (Sander vitreus): application of the growing degree-day metric
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Venturelli, Paul A., Lester, Nigel P., Marshall, Terry R., and Shuter, Brian J.
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Walleye (Fish) -- Research ,Growth -- Research - Abstract
Growing degree-days (GDD, °C*days) are an index of ambient thermal energy that relates directly to an ectotherm's cumulative metabolism but is rarely used to describe growth and development in fish. We applied GDD to length and maturity data from 416 populations of walleye (Sander vitreus) from Ontario and Quebec, Canada (mean annual GDD = 1200 to 2300 °C*days). On average, males matured after they had experienced 6900 °C*days and reached 350 mm total length (L) (n = 77 populations), and females matured after 10 000 °C*days and at 450 mm L (n = 70). Across 143 populations, GDD accounted for up to 96% of the variation in the length of immature walleye but also revealed a twofold difference in growth rate that was indicative of variation in food availability. When applied to data from eight populations in which walleye abundances have changed dramatically over time, GDD revealed a 1.3-fold increase in immature growth rate when abundance was low compared with when it was high. Our results both demonstrate the explanatory power of GDD with respect to fish growth and maturity and inform the development of regional management strategies for walleye. Resume: Bien que les degres-jours de croissance (GDD, °C*jours) soient un indice d' energie thermale directement relie au cumulatif metabolisme chez les ectothermes, cet indicateur a rarement ete conside re pour decrire la croissance et le developpement des poissons. Nous avons utilise l'indice GDD dans l'analyse de donnees de taille et de maturite provenant de 416 populations de dores jaunes (Sander vitreus) de l'Ontario et du Quebec, Canada (moyenne annuelle GDD = 1200 a 2300 °C*jours). En moyenne, les males ont atteint la maturite a 6900 °C*jours, correspondant a une longueur totale de 350 mm (n = 77 populations), et les femelles a 10 000 °C*jours, correspondant a une longueur totale de 450 mm (n = 70). Dans une analyse comprenant 143 populations, l'indicateur GDD a permis d'expliquer jusqu'a 96 % de la variabilite dans la taille des individus immatures, en plus de reveler que la variabilite dans l'abondance des proies peut conduire a des differences du taux de croissance allant jusqu'au double. En utilisant les donnees de huit populations au sein desquelles une grande variation de l'abondance des dores avait vraisemblablement cause de grands changements dans l'abondance des proies, l'indice GDD a montre que le taux de croissance des individus immatures beneficiant d'une forte disponibilite de proies etait de 1,3 fois superieur a celui d'individus subissant une faible disponibilite de proies. Nos resultats demontrent le pouvoir de l'indicateur GDD pour expliquer la variabilite dans la croissance et la maturite et seront utiles au developpement de strategies regionales de gestion des populations de dores jaunes., Introduction Fish growth and development are primarily functions of food and temperature (Fry 1971; Kitchell et al. 1977; Paloheimo and Dickie 1966). Recently, Neuheimer and Taggart (2007) showed that growing [...]
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- 2010
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41. Life history differences parallel environmental differences among North American lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) populations
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McDermid, Jenni L., Shuter, Brian J., and Lester, Nigel P.
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Lake trout -- Natural history ,Fish populations -- Comparative analysis -- Natural history ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) exhibit substantial life history variation range-wide and at a local scale. This study addresses two hypotheses that have been proposed to account for this: (i) over the zoogeographic range, climatic conditions are associated with life history differences; and (ii) within smaller geographic regions, physical lake attributes are associated with life history differences. Multivariate statistics (Procrustean analysis and canonical correlation analysis) identified a strong, range-wide association between climate and life history variables. Colder climates were associated with slower prematuration growth, older age at maturity, and increased longevity. Winter conditions were also important; longer, warmer winters were associated with slower prematuration growth, smaller maximum sizes, and increased weight at a standard length of 425 mm. In southern populations, these general trends were further modified by physical lake attributes. High productivity lakes had lake trout with faster prematuration growth and larger maximum sizes; deeper lakes were associated with larger maximum sizes and later ages at maturity; and larger lakes were associated with slower prematuration growth, greater longevity, and larger maximum sizes. This study identifies abiotic variables that should be incorporated into existing lake trout management models, thus extending their applicability range-wide and permitting them to deal with possible impacts of climate change. Resume: Le touladi (Salvelinus namaycush) connait une importante variation de son cycle biologique a l'echelle de son aire de repartition et au niveau local. Nos examinons deux hypotheses proposees pour expliquer le phenomene, soit (i) qu'a l'echelle zoogeographique, ce sont les conditions climatiques qui sont associees avec les differences de cycle biologique et (ii) que dans les regions geographiques plus restreintes, ce sont les caracteristiques physiques des lacs qui expliquent les differences de cycle. Des analyses statistiques multidimensionnelles (analyse Procruste et analyse des correlations canoniques) revelent une forte association, a l'echelle de l'aire de repartition, entre le climat et les variables du cycle biologique. Les climats plus froids sont associes a une croissance plus lente avant la maturation, un age plus avance a la maturation et une longevite accrue. Les conditions hivernales sont aussi importantes: les hivers plus longs et plus chauds sont associes a une croissance plus lente avant la maturation, des tailles maximales inferieures et une masse plus elevee a la taille standard de 425 mm. Dans les populations plus au sud, ces tendances generales sont modifiees en plus par les caracteristiques physiques des lacs. Les touladis des lacs de forte productivite ont une croissance plus rapide avant la maturation et des tailles maximales plus fortes; les lacs plus profonds sont associes a des tailles maximales plus elevees et une maturite a un age plus avance, alors que les lacs de plus grande taille le sont a une croissance plus lente avant la maturation, une longevite plus grande et des tailles maximales plus importantes. Notre etude identifie les variables abiotiques qui devraient etre incorporees dans les modeles existants de gestion du touladi, pour etendre ainsi leur applicabilite a toute l'aire de repartition et leur permettre de traiter des impacts possibles du changement climatique [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Intraspecific life history variation at the population level is common among fish species (Roff 1992) and has been associated with differences in both abiotic and biotic factors. Temperature (e.g., [...]
- Published
- 2010
42. A biophysical model of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus) explains interannual variations in recruitment
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Zhao, Yingming, Jones, Michael L., Shuter, Brian J., and Roseman, Edward F.
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Lake Erie -- Environmental aspects ,Walleye (Fish) -- Environmental aspects ,Walleye (Fish) -- Physiological aspects ,Walleye (Fish) -- Distribution ,Company distribution practices ,Earth sciences - Abstract
We used a three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamic-ecological model to investigate how lake currents can affect walleye (Sander vitreus) recruitment in western Lake Erie. Four years were selected based on a fall recruitment index: two high recruitment years (i.e., 1996 and 1999) and two low recruitment years (i.e., 1995 and 1998). During the low recruitment years, the model predicted that (i) walleye spawning grounds experienced destructive bottom currents capable of dislodging eggs from suitable habitats (reefs) to unsuitable habitats (i.e., muddy bottom), and (ii) the majority of newly hatched larvae were transported away from the known suitable nursery grounds at the start of their first feeding. Conversely, during two high recruitment years, predicted bottom currents at the spawning grounds were relatively weak, and the predicted movement of newly hatched larvae was toward suitable nursery grounds. Thus, low disturbance-based egg mortality and a temporal and spatial match between walleye first feeding larvae and their food resources were predicted for the two high recruitment years, and high egg mortality plus a mismatch of larvae with their food resources was predicted for the two low recruitment years. In general, mild westerly or southwesterly winds during the spawning-nursery period should favour walleye recruitment in the lake. Nous utilisons un modele tridimensionnel hydrodynamique et ecologique couple pour etudier comment les courants lacustres peuvent affecter le recrutement du dore (Sander vitreus) dans la region occidentale du lac Erie. Nous avons retenu quatre annees d'apres un coefficient de recrutement automnal, deux annees de fort recrutement (1996 et 1999) et deux annees de dores ont connu des courants de fond destructeurs capables de deloger les neufs des habitats favorables (recifs) et de les releguer dans des habitats inadequats (fonds boueux) et (ii) la majorite des larves nouveau-nees ont ete delogees des nourriceries favorables connues au debut de leur premiere alimentation. A l'inverse, les deux annees de recrutement important, les courants de fond predits sur les frayeres etaient relativement faibles et les deplacements predits des larves nouvellement ecloses se faisaient vers les nourriceries favorables. Ainsi, le modele predit une faible mortalite des neufs due A la perturbation et une coincidence temporelle et spatiale entre les larves de dores et leurs resources alimentaires lors de leur premiere alimentation pour les deux annees de fort recrutement, alors qu'il predit une forte mortalite des neufs et une separation des larves de leurs ressources alimentaires lors des deux annees de recrutement faible. En general, des vents doux de l'ouest ou du sud-ouest durant les periodes de fraye et de nourricerie devraient favoriser le recrutement des dores dans le lac. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Walleye (Sander vitreus) populations in Lake Erie have supported substantial fisheries for nearly 200 years, and for much of this period, these populations have exhibited large fluctuations in abundance [...]
- Published
- 2009
43. Overcompensatory response of a smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) population to harvest: release from competition?
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Zipkin, Elise F., Sullivan, Patrick J., Cooch, Evan G., Kraft, Clifford E., Shuter, Brian J., and Weidel, Brian C.
- Subjects
Smallmouth bass -- Research ,Fish populations -- Research ,Fishery management -- Research ,Fishes -- Control ,Fishes -- Research ,Earth sciences - Abstract
An intensive seven-year removal of adult, juvenile, and young-of-the-year smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) from a north temperate lake (Little Moose Lake, New York, USA) resulted in an increase in overall population abundance, primarily due to increased abundance of immature individuals. We developed a density-dependent, stage-structured model to examine conditions under which population control through harvest could result in the increase of a targeted species. Parameter values were derived from a 54-year data set collected from another north temperate lake (Lake Opeongo, Ontario, Canada) smallmouth bass population. Sensitivity analyses identified the demographic conditions that could lead to increased abundance in response to harvest. An increase in population abundance with harvest was most likely to occur when either (i) per capita recruitment at low levels of spawner abundance was large, juvenile survivorship was high, and maturation of age-4 and older juveniles was moderately high or (ii) per capita recruitment at low levels of spawner abundance was slightly lower, yet the maturation rate of age-3 juveniles and adult survivorship were high. Our modeling results together with empirical evidence further demonstrate the importance of overcompensation as a substantial factor to consider in efforts to regulate population abundance through harvest. Des captures intensives pendant sept ans des adultes, des juveniles et des jeunes de l'annee d'achigans a petite bouche (Micropterus dolomieu) dans un lac de la region temperee nord (lac Little Moose, New York, E .-U.) ont eu pour effet un accroissement dans l'abondance globale de la population, principalement a cause d'une augmentation de l'abondance des individus immatures. Nous avons elabore un modele dependant de la densite et structure en fonction des stades afin d'evaluer les conditions sous lesquelles un controle de la population par la recolte peut entrainer une augmentation de l'espece ciblee. Les valeurs des parametres ont ete tirees d'une banque de donnees couvrant 54 annees et provenant d'une population d'achigans a petite bouche d'un autre lac de la region temperee nord (lac Opeongo, Ontario, Canada). Des analyses de sensibilite ont permis d'identifier les conditions demographiques qui pourraient mener a une abundance accrue en reaction a la recolte. Une augmentation de l'abondance de la population en reaction a la recolte va plus vraisemblablement se produire quand ou bien (i) le recrutement par individu aux faibles densites de reproducteurs est important, la survie des juveniles est elevee et la maturation des juveniles d'age 4 ou plus est moderement elevee ou alors (ii) le recrutement par individu aux faibles densites de reproducteurs est un peu plus faible, mais malgre tout le taux de maturation des juveniles d'age 3 et la survie des adultes sont eleves. Les resultats de notre modelisation combines a des donnees empiriques demontrent de plus l'importance de la surcompensation comme facteur important a considerer lorsqu'on tente de controler l'abondance d'une population par des recoltes. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Optimizing resource use and maximizing productivity are common management objectives of harvest, but reducing abundance levels of undesirable species is another objective less frequently considered. Although harvest can be [...]
- Published
- 2008
44. A preliminary national analysis of some key characteristics of Canadian lakes
- Author
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Minns, Charles K., Moore, James E., Shuter, Brian J., and Mandrak, Nicholas E.
- Subjects
Environmental impact analysis -- Management ,Lake ecology -- Management ,Lake ecology -- Models ,Company business management ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Abstract: Knowledge of Canada's lakes is needed to manage environmental stresses. Lake inventory and lake feature databases were used to build a national impact assessment template and assess regional typology. [...]
- Published
- 2008
45. Life history variation parallels phylogeographical patterns in North American walleye (Sander vitreus) populations
- Author
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Zhao, Yingming, Shuter, Brian J., and Jackson, Donald A.
- Subjects
Animal development -- Research ,Animal development -- Environmental aspects ,Fish populations -- Research ,Walleye (Fish) -- Growth ,Company growth ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Abstract: Walleye (Sander vitreus) is a native fish species in North America, and its zoogeographic range covers several climatic zones. Using multivariate statistical approaches and published growth data, we explored [...]
- Published
- 2008
46. Effects of Wind-induced Spatial Variation in Water Temperature and Zooplankton Concentration on the Growth of Young-of-the-year Smallmouth Bass, Micropterus dolomieu
- Author
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Kaevats, Lea, Sprules, W. Gary, and Shuter, Brian J.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Forecasting effects of climate change on Great Lakes fisheries: models that link habitat supply to population dynamics can help (1)
- Author
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Jones, Michael L., Shuter, Brian J., Zhao, Yingming, and Stockwell, Jason D.
- Subjects
Great Lakes (North America) -- Environmental aspects ,Climatic changes ,Fish industry ,Fisheries ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Abstract: Future changes to climate in the Great Lakes may have important consequences for fisheries. Evidence suggests that Great Lakes air and water temperatures have risen and the duration of [...]
- Published
- 2006
48. Does consumption rate scale superlinearly?
- Author
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Giacomini, Henrique C., Shuter, Brian J., de Kerckhove, Derrick T., and Abrams, Peter A.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Winter in water: differential responses and the maintenance of biodiversity
- Author
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McMeans, Bailey C., primary, McCann, Kevin S., additional, Guzzo, Matthew M., additional, Bartley, Timothy J., additional, Bieg, Carling, additional, Blanchfield, Paul J., additional, Fernandes, Timothy, additional, Giacomini, Henrique C., additional, Middel, Trevor, additional, Rennie, Michael D., additional, Ridgway, Mark S., additional, and Shuter, Brian J., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. The effects of supplemental food on reproduction in parental male smallmouth bass
- Author
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Ridgway, Mark S. and Shuter, Brian J.
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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