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Mental disorders are major problems and influence the thought of suicide, so it needs to be diagnosed and treated earlier. Detecting the symptoms of mental disorders is highly significant as they are considered a life-threatening task. Hence, this paper plans to implement new mental depression recognition by analyzing the tweet media text to secure the lives of the affected individuals. In the standard dataset, the text tweet data is collected. The gathered text data are used in the bags of n-grams and glove embedding for extracting the text features. Here, the extracted features are considered for the weighted feature selection, where the weight optimization takes place using the Awareness Probability-based Crow Black Widow Search algorithm. Finally, the weighted features are used for the recognition phase using the Convolutional Neural Network-Ensemble learning, where the final layer of CNN is replaced by the "Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN)" for classification. Here, parameter optimization occurs in the classifiers to improve the evaluation of the designed method. The experimental outcomes show the efficient performance of the developed method when compared with the other baseline approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water and energy crisis, rising temperature and subsequent changes in climate result in calamitous loss of wheat productivity due to adverse effect on plant growth and development. Plateauing yield trends and declining total factor productivity compel for alternative water and energy-efficient conservation practices supporting sustainable wheat productivity in humid tropics. Present investigation tested the hypothesis stating that the alternate wheat establishment methods and inter-culture practices would economize energy and water requirement with enhanced productivity. Different wheat establishment methods viz., conventional tillage, reduced tillage, zero tillage and raised bed landforms of 40/20 and 60/20 cm and two inter-culture practices, i.e. conoweeding and alternate ridging on spring wheat were evaluated for two years at Pantnagar in Uttarakhand, India. Zero and reduced tillage depicted better economic viability with benefit cost ratio of 2.86 and 2.84, respectively, which was statistically at par with conventional tillage. Alternate ridging and raised bed (60/20 cm) recorded 13.3 and 41.7% saving of irrigation water, respectively. Highest energy use efficiency was observed in raised bed 60/20 cm with 22.4% less energy consumption compared to conventional method. Thus, adoption of conservation practices with improved inter-culture operations holds potential for sustainable, water and energy-efficient and profitable wheat productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Increased healthcare charges remain a prime subject worldwide, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries like India, where economic conditions are on the lower side. To control this, the Government of India (GoI) launched Jan Aushadhi scheme in April 2008 for providing low-cost generic medicines, however, the scheme has not been able to reach an extent. Moreover, the patients rely on branded prescribed medicines due to a lack of awareness. India is the world's largest maker of generic medicines since its pharmaceutical sector fulfils over 50% of the global demand, still, Indians are spending their 10–20% of total income as health expenses. Aim and Objective: This cross-sectional study was designed to have insight into the awareness of generic and ethical medicines among youth studying in different institutes. The main objective was to collect the responses from the students studying in various undergraduate and post-graduate professional programs. We aimed to collect 300 responses from students enrolled in various institutes located in Doaba region of Punjab. Materials and Methods: A self-made questionnaire comprising basic questions based on generic and ethical medicines and Jan Aushadhi Kendra was randomly distributed amongst respondents through Google form. Conclusion: According to the study's findings, respondents had average understanding of the Jan Aushadhi Kendra. The study's findings revealed a modest relationship between knowledge and attitude towards the Jan Aushadhi initiative. Despite the fact that the Jan Aushadhi plan was started many years ago, it has yet to gain limelight in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An editorial is presented on the implementation and effects of music playing as a psychosocial intervention in a tertiary care institution in India. Topics include the impact of music on stress levels among healthcare workers, the feasibility and benefits of music playing in psychiatric units, and suggestions for improving the music intervention for stress management. It emphasizes the need for understanding healthcare professionals' experiences to improve patient care.

Microorganism-caused diseases are one of the greatest predicaments faced by the world. The disease conditions are worsened due to the development of microbial resistance against numerous antimicrobial agents like quinolones, vancomycin, macrolides, tetracyclines, β-lactam antibiotics, etc. There will always be a vital need to discover new chemotherapeutic agents to avert the emergence of resistance and ideally shorten the duration of therapy. There are various ways to overcome these problems, one of which is to properly utilize the marketed anti-microbials and the other is the synthesis of new antimicrobial compounds. In medicinal chemistry, one of the most potent and biologically active classes to be considered includes the Benzimidazoles. Different benzimidazoles analogues were synthesized by structure modifications. As a result, numerous types of benzimidazole analogues have been synthesized so far and for their chemotherapeutic importance, screened. The aforementioned review summarizes the chemistry of different benzimidazole derivatives formed by substitution at 1st and 2nd position and their applications as antimicrobial agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The objective of this review was to identify and synthesize the findings of the existing literature that highlighted the psychosocial and mental health issues of the migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. Materials and Methods: An exploration of the PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Google search, and some other manual searches was undertaken so that no relevant study was missed. A search on Indian scientific literature and cross-references retrieved was also conducted to get further information. The period of the search has been one year from March 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021. The database was searched with the terms "migrants," "migrant workers," "COVID-19 pandemic," "lockdown," "migrant population," "mental health issues," "psychosocial issues" to retrieve the published literature. Results: Initially, 48 research articles were retrieved and 10 of them were excluded as they had no sufficient information about mental and psychosocial challenges faced by the migrants. In the remaining 38 articles, 9 articles were original research work (n = 9) published from India related to the impact of COVID-19 on migrants. The second category consisted of editorials or commentary or letters to the editor or policy paper on psychosocial and mental health aspects of migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 17). The third category was 11 articles on perspectives or opinions or viewpoints (n = 11) related to various psychosocial and mental health issues among migrants in India during the COVID-19 pandemic. Predominantly psychosocial issues found among migrants were living conditions, basic needs, family concerns, and joblessness. The mental health issues found among migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic included psychological distress, depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders. Conclusion: Existing literature from India has shown that the COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted the psychosocial and mental health status of the migrants in India. This review suggests the need for more research work from the affected states of India and the development of psychosocial and mental health intervention strategies to minimize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on migrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The direct anterior approach (DAA) is an established approach for total hip arthroplasty (THA) but has been sparingly tried for revisions. The purpose of this study was to examine the available literature in order to consolidate information available on revision THA using the DAA. A PubMed, Embase, and Scopus search was performed using relevant keywords. Studies reporting on patients undergoing revision THA using DAA were included for analysis. In a review of the literature, nine studies matched the preecided inclusion criteria with 319 hip joints undergoing revision THA. Mean follow-up of all included studies was 34 months. The indications of revision after primary THA in decreasing order were aseptic loosening (53%), prosthetic joint infection (20.7%), peri-prosthetic fracture (16.9%), dislocation (7.2%), psoas impingement (1.9%), polyethylene wear (1.2%), pain (0.6%), and instability (0.3%). Of the 319 revisions evaluated, 107 underwent a stem revision, 142 underwent cup revision, 49 underwent a combined revision, and 21 underwent isolated liner/head change. A statistically significant improvement in functional score (P<0.05) was observed for all studies reporting on functional outcomes. A low complication rate (51/319, 16.0%), which includes dislocation (12), infection (12), loosening of the acetabular shell (5), peri-prosthetic fractures (6), haematoma (4), and transient nerve palsy (6), was reported. Based on available level III-IV evidence, DAA appears to be a reliable alternative for revision of the failed hip arthroplasty with acceptable complication rates. Evidence of a higher quality is needed to further characterize its role in revision scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid increase in the use of cloud computing systems, an efficient task scheduling policy, which deals with the assignment of tasks to resources, is required to obtain maximum performance. Cloud task scheduling (CTS) is an established NP-Hard optimization problem that can be effectively tackled with meta-heuristic algorithms. The cuckoo search (CS) algorithm is a powerful swarm-intelligence meta-heuristic that has been successfully applied over a wide-range of real-life optimization problems, including task scheduling problems. Besides its strong exploration ability, the CS algorithm suffers from insufficient local search, lack of solution diversity towards the end, and slow convergence problem. These drawbacks produce inefficient cloud task schedules resulting in sub-optimal performance. In this manuscript, an improved CS-based scheduling algorithm called CSDEO is introduced, which combines the features of the Opposition-based learning (OBL) method, Cuckoo search, and Differential evolution (DE) algorithms to optimize workload makespan and energy consumption of the cloud resources. Our CSDEO algorithm firstly uses the OBL method to produce an optimal initial population by providing solutions across the entire solution space. Then, the CSDEO uses an effective way of switching between the CS exploration phase and the DE exploitation phase, depending on each solution's fitness. Experiments are conducted on the CloudSim simulator by using the CEA-Curie and HPC2N supercomputing workloads. The observations show that in the case of CEA-Curie workloads, the proposed CSDEO algorithm achieves makespan improvement in the range of 6.29–29.76% and energy consumption improvement in the range of 3.76–201.98% over well-known scheduling algorithms. In the case of HPC2N workloads, the improvement ranges of the CSDEO approach for the makespan and energy consumption metrics are 9.86–281.69% and 6.12–233.3%, respectively compared to the tested scheduling algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhancement of mechanical properties in self‐assembled superstructures of magnetic nanoparticles is a new emerging aspect of their remarkable collective behavior. However, how magnetic interactions modulate mechanical properties is, to date, not fully understood. Through a comprehensive Monte Carlo investigation, this study demonstrates how the mechanical properties of self‐assembled magnetic nanocubes can be controlled intrinsically by the nanoparticle magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MA), as well as by the superstructure shape anisotropy, without any need for changes in structural design (i.e., nanoparticle size, shape, and packing arrangement). A low MA‐to‐dipolar energy ratio, as found in iron oxide and permalloy systems, favors isotropic mechanical superstructure stabilization, whereas a high ratio yields magnetically blocked nanoparticle macrospins which can give rise to metastable superferromagnetism, as expected in cobalt ferrite simple cubic supercrystals. Such full parallel alignment of the particle moments is shown to induce mechanical anisotropy, where the superior high‐strength axis can be remotely reconfigured by means of an applied magnetic field. The new concepts developed here pave the way for the experimental realization of smart magneto‐micromechanical systems (based, e.g., on the permanent super‐magnetostriction effect illustrated here) and inspire new design rules for applied functional materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we report geomorphic signatures of neotectonic activity identified from the area around Nahan Salient along Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), using remote sensing and field investigations. We document two newly discovered exposures of HFT fault zone and active fault traces along the mountain front at Khetpurali, Nahan Salient, NW Himalaya, India. We demonstrate that HFT fault zone at Khetpurali is not blind, instead it is exposed at the surface along with highly deformed, folded strata in the hanging wall and its geometry is quite variable with the possibility of along strike-segmentation. The geometry of fold and various deformational features preserved in the hanging wall indicate a process of fault-propagation-fold. This is in contrast to the previous observation of fault-bent-folding within the Nahan Salient. Two-three levels of river terraces are preserved and truncated in the hanging wall, along with the active fault scarps which are linked to uplift along HFT fault zone. The Khetpurali Anticline (KA), is a fault-propagating-fold formed due to displacement and shortening along HFT which dips 30° towards north and strike WNW-ESE. The uplift (U) along the KA is calculated to be ~73 m and accommodated 7.3% shortening of the original length, before the fault tip truncated the fold. Various deformational structures have been identified within the hanging wall around-tip damage zone of ~80 m perpendicular to HFT fault zone and in the core of KA. Northwest of Khetpurali, a south-facing hogback structure ~100 m high is formed due to erosion of forelimb of the anticline. At Khetpurali, tectonic control due to folding of strata and uplift of river terraces is evident as the Dudhgarh River forms V-shaped profile near the thrust, compared to the wide floodplain before and after crossing the HFT fault zone. Along strike segmentation of HFT and associated anticlines is observed as the surface trace of HFT is offset at Khetpurali, Trilokpur, and Sabilpur due to the strike-slip faults. The study reveals that HFT has been truncated by tear faults and has different subsurface geometries in study area which may have implication on seismic hazard in the Nahan Salient where three thrusts; Himalayan Frrontal Thrust (HFT), Nahan Thrust (NT) and Main Boundary Fault (MBF) are located at relatively shorter distance of ~6 km as compared to the surrounding recesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on India's National Tele-Mental Health Programme, which aims to provide mental health assistance through telemedicine across the country, addressing the treatment gap and improving access to psychiatric care with need for balanced and standardized mental health care delivery.

Despite a significant work that has been done on thiophene, continuous efforts are still being made by the researchers to identify novel heterocyclic compounds with potential bioactivities. Thiophene nucleus has been extensively utilized by the researchers across the globe for the development of diverse bioactive heterocycles for hitting a wide range of biological targets. This review throws light on synthetic approaches that have been used for the synthesis of potential thiophene derivatives followed by the depth analysis of them with respect to their pharmacological significance. This review can help the medicinal chemists and researchers to develop novel leads having thiophene nucleus with high efficacy and reduced side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We systematically reviewed empirical studies of psychotherapy with Indian clients. We defined psychotherapy as an intervention aimed at treating mental disorders using "talk," which, in a professional medical setting, along with the therapeutic relationship, acquires medicinal value. Besides manual searches in three leading Indian psychiatry journals, we conducted digital searches in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. We found that the commonly practiced evidence-based psychotherapy in India follows the cognitive-behavioral model. Our findings suggest several replication studies which claimed to have used the well-established western models of cognitive behavioural paradigm but have mostly focused on basic behavioural techniques in their protocol. A few innovations were observed, and several essential errors were noted. Innovations include contextual modifications to address the difficulties and challenges faced in service delivery, while errors include deviations from protocol without adequate rationale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract We have carried out a systematic first principles study of thermal and thermoelectric transport properties of different noble metal (viz. Ag, Cu, Au, and Pt) atomic wires modelled in different topologies by using the Landauer-Büttiker approach in the linear response regime. Both electronic and phononic contributions are considered, with the respective transmission functions determined using the non-equilibrium Green's function approach, based upon the density functional theory and the general utility lattice program, respectively. To explore the role of topology, we have considered the linear, ladder, zigzag (ZZ), and double zigzag (DZZ) topologies for each of the four wires. Numerical results are presented for the electronic κ el and phononic κ ph thermal conductance, thermopower S , and total figure of merit ZT. In addition, the validity of the Wiedemann-Franz law in these atomic wires has been studied. Quite generally, we find a significant dependence of these properties on the wire topology. Under ambient conditions, the valence electrons are found to be the dominant carriers of heat energy in all the wires, except for the Ag, Cu, and Au wires in the DZZ topology due to their semi-metallic nature. In relative terms, the phononic contribution is minimum (∼ 4 %) for the Pt wire in linear topology, while maximum (∼ 15 %) for the Cu wire in ZZ topology. However, the phonon contribution increases steadily with decreasing temperature to become as large as about 30 % at T = 100 K (for Cu wire in ZZ topology). In overall, the Pt wire is found to have the maximum total thermal conductance in all topologies. S and ZT , apart from depending on topology and type of metal wire, exhibit an oscillatory behaviour as a function of chemical potential μ of electrodes. S has been found to change even its sign at characteristic μ , with a maximum value of ∼±1.5 mV/K for the Au wire in DZZ topology at μ = ∓0.15 eV. Also, ZT is found to be maximum (∼ 3) for this wire, with the presence of two pronounced peaks at μ ∼±0.6 eV, apparently located at somewhat higher μ as compared to S. An analysis of our results reveals that the change in thermoelectric properties with topology stems primarily from a change in electronic band structure and phonon spectra. Highlights • Thermoelectric properties exhibit a significant dependence on the wire topology. • Under ambient conditions, valence electrons are dominant heat carriers in all wires, except Ag, Cu, and Au in DZZ topology. • The relative phonon contribution to thermal conductance increases steadily with decreasing temperature. • The total thermal conductance is found to be quantized only for the Au and Cu wires in linear topology. • Besides topology, thermopower and total figure of merit can be tuned via chemical potential μ of electrodes. • Wires having energy gap in the DOS exhibit pronounced thermopower and total figure of merit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • The obtained samples show relatively high values of M S and H C without any thermal treatment. • Magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticle were strongly affected when there are doped with nickel. • The higher value of magnetization saturation was found for the Ni 0.25 Co 0.75 Fe 2 O 4 sample. Abstract The nanostructured spinel ferrites with complex stoichiometry are an important family of the materials in a number of applications, especially in electronics through their good electrical and magnetic properties. In the framework of this study, a set of mixed cobalt and nickel ferrites was prepared with the sol–gel self-combustion route. The structural and morphological features of particles were studied with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) techniques. The prepared particles show a crystalline nature with a monotonic distribution of the elements and particles size distribution in the range of 17–29 nm. The obtained particles demonstrate good magnetic properties with tunable saturation magnetization and magnetic anisotropy, i.e., coercivity depending on chemical composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co(OH)2@MnO2 nanosheet arrays were directly grown on nickel foam via two-step electrodeposition method with subsequent heat treatment at 170 °C. The hybrid electrode, where the electrodeposited Co(OH)2 and MnO2 nanosheets were inlayed with each other, was formed and employed as a binder-free anode material for a lithium-ion battery (LIB) and as an electrode for a supercapacitor (SC). For both applications, LIB and SC, the Co(OH)2@MnO2 nanosheet electrode exhibited appreciable cycling stability with high specific capacity as well as specific capacitance and rate capability. The excellent electrochemical performances of this hybrid nanosheet electrode were probably ascribed to their unique 3D architecture, which provides large active sites for efficient electrochemical reactions and the synergistic effects of the two active materials. The electrodeposition method appears to be suitable for the fabrication of binder-free, nanostructured, hybrid arrays, and as demonstrated here, the Co(OH)2@MnO2 nanosheet could potentially be used as a high-performance LIB and SC electrode material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We systematically reviewed empirical studies of psychotherapy with Indian clients. We defined psychotherapy as an intervention aimed at treating mental disorders using "talk," which, in a professional medical setting, along with the therapeutic relationship, acquires medicinal value. Besides manual searches in three leading Indian psychiatry journals, we conducted digital searches in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. We found that the commonly practiced evidence-based psychotherapy in India follows the cognitive-behavioral model. Our findings suggest several replication studies which claimed to have used the well-established western models of cognitive behavioural paradigm but have mostly focused on basic behavioural techniques in their protocol. A few innovations were observed, and several essential errors were noted. Innovations include contextual modifications to address the difficulties and challenges faced in service delivery, while errors include deviations from protocol without adequate rationale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Decision-making (DM) is simply choosing among alternatives or defining one's course of action. A depressed individual does not perceive himself as a decision-maker as ruminations reinforce dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs and poor executive functioning. The aim was to study and compare the relationship among DM, metacognition, and executive functioning in those with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD) and in healthy controls (HCs). Methods: A cross-sectional comparative group study design was used with a sample size of 40, with 20 participants in each group. The tools used were Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, General Health Questionnaire, Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, Metacognitive Questionnaire, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Controlled Oral Word Association Test. Results: The RDD group had significantly higher scores on buck-passing (BP), procrastination (PR), hypervigilance, and dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs, and poor performance on executive functioning than HC. PR was inversely correlated with executive functioning and dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs in the RDD group, whereas in the HC group, BP was positively correlated with executive functioning and dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs. Conclusion: DM has a significant relationship with executive functions and dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs; therefore, changes in any one variable contribute to changes in the other two. The altered attentional and executive control due to dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs leads to poor DM, resulting in psychosocial dysfunction. The underlying metacognitive beliefs and executive functioning play a crucial role in DM, the process determining psychosocial functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate primordial nucleosynthesis in a universe in which the scale factor evolves linearly with cosmic time and which has an inhomogeneous baryon density. We report that in principle one can close the bounds on dynamic estimates of matter by baryons alone - with no need of any exotic dark matter. We address to some concerns on the overall viability of such an evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the development of a new optical technique to reveal invisible defects and contaminants in advanced packaging applications. It mentions that the technique can reveal contaminants that escape inspection technologies in many advanced packaging applications like wafer level packaging (WLP). It mentions challenges in advanced packaging applications like redistribution layer (RDL) line widths, use of metal and organic polymers.

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder that leads to accelerated skeletal muscle atrophy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of salbutamol (SLB) on skeletal muscle atrophy in high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n = 6): control, SLB, HFD/STZ, and HFD/STZ + SLB (6 mg/kg orally for four weeks). After the last dose of SLB, rats were assessed for muscle grip strength and muscle coordination (wire-hanging, rotarod, footprint, and actophotometer tests). Body composition was analyzed in live rats. After that, animals were sacrificed, and serum and gastrocnemius (GN) muscles were collected. Endpoints include myofibrillar protein content, muscle oxidative stress and antioxidants, serum pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, and interleukin-6), serum muscle markers (myostatin, creatine kinase, and testosterone), histopathology, and muscle 1H NMR metabolomics. Findings showed that SLB treatment significantly improved muscle strength and muscle coordination, as well as increased lean muscle mass in diabetic rats. Increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and muscle markers (myostatin, creatine kinase) indicate muscle deterioration in diabetic rats, while SLB intervention restored the same. Also, Feret's diameter and cross-sectional area of GN muscle were increased by SLB treatment, indicating the amelioration in diabetic rat muscle. Results of muscle metabolomics exhibit that SLB treatment resulted in the restoration of perturbed metabolites, including histidine-to-tyrosine, phenylalanine-to-tyrosine, and glutamate-to-glutamine ratios and succinate, sarcosine, and 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) in diabetic rats. These metabolites showed a pertinent role in muscle inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats. In conclusion, findings showed that salbutamol could be explored as an intervention in diabetic-associated skeletal muscle atrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycrystalline ZnO thin films having preferential growth along the polar (002) plane are prepared on Si (111) substrate using RF sputtering technique. A gradual build-up of the semipolar (103) plane with the dominant (002) polar plane of 400–700 °C annealed films is revealed by the Glancing incidence angle X-Ray diffraction (GXRD) pattern. However, a change in preferred orientation from polar (002) to semi-polar (103) and non-polar (100) planes is observed with further annealing in the temperature range 800–1200 °C. This occurs due to an increase in the mobility of adatoms due to annealing which encourages diffusion across grain boundaries and competitive growth among planes leading to the growth of (103) plane. This structural deviation of film from (002) plane to (103) plane leads to the change in surface morphology of annealed films around 800 °C as depicted in Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) images. The observed changes in surface morphology of films are further correlated with the variation in optical band gap values and diffuse reflectance spectra. The low reflectance values of the samples represent their anti-reflection property which makes ZnO/Si thin film a conceivable applicant in optoelectronics. • Preferential growth of as-grown ZnO film along the polar plane. • The transition from polar to semi-polar and non-polar with annealing temperature. • Surface morphology varied with structural deviation in annealed films. • Alteration in band gap attributed to change in polarity of planes with annealing. • Non-polar ZnO/Si thin films, a conceivable candidate in heterostructure devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of tillage practices and planting methods on the performance of summer planted sugarcane at GBPUA&T, Pantnagar. Ten treatments comprising two tillage practices (conventional and no pre-planting tillage) and five planting methods (flat, ridge & furrow, trench, dual row trench and pit planting) were laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications. No pre-planting tillage significantly increased the emergence percentage over conventional tillage besides attaining the more plant height, leaf area index and number of green leaves. Among different planting methods, maximum emergence (36.48 %) was noticed in trench method. In terms of growth, viz; plant height, number of green leaves and LAI, dual row trench method showed superiority over the remaining methods of the planting . Trench planting gave the maximum number of shoots which in turn also reflected in the maximum number of millable canes (108448 ha-1). In spite of non significant differences, no pre-planting tillage produced 1.4 t ha-1 higher cane yield than conventional tillage. No pre planting tillage gave Rs. 10586 ha-1 and Rs. 13311 ha-1, higher gross and net return, respectively than conventional tillage and also had 12.1 per cent higher benefit cost ratio than conventional tillage. Trench method produced the maximum cane yield (90.8 t ha-1) which was significantly higher than flat and dual row trench planting. It also gave the maximum gross (Rs. 272989 ha-1), net return (Rs. 189278 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.26). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fe@Au core–shell nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit multiple functionalities enabling their effective use in applications such as medical imaging and drug delivery. In this work, a novel synthetic method was developed and optimized for the synthesis of highly stable, monodisperse Fe@Au NPs of average diameter ∼24 nm exhibiting magneto-plasmonic characteristics. Fe@Au NPs were characterized by a wide range of experimental techniques, including scanning (transmission) electron microscopy (S(T)EM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and UV–vis spectroscopy. The formed particles comprise an amorphous iron core with a crystalline Au shell of tunable thickness, and retain the superparamagnetic properties at room temperature after formation of a crystalline Au shell. After surface modification, PEGylated Fe@Au NPs were used for in vitro studies on olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and human neural stem cells (hNSCs). No adverse effects of the Fe@Au particles were observed post-labeling, both cell types retaining normal morphology, viability, proliferation, and motility. It can be concluded that no appreciable toxic effects on both cell types, coupled with multifunctionality and chemical stability make them ideal candidates for therapeutic as well as diagnostic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monodisperse iron nanoparticles of size range 5–19 nm with controlled crystallinity and magnetic properties are synthesized via thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl in the presence of an appropriate ligand. Crystalline body‐centered cubic iron nanoparticles synthesized in the presence of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide exhibit a high saturation magnetization and room temperature ferromagnetic behavior with a remarkable increased stability in the aqueous phase in comparison to amorphous nanoparticles synthesized in the presence of other ligands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses research by the authors into the self-assembly of cubic magnetite nanocrystals into helical superstructures. Topics include the method's independence from templates typically used in complex nanoarchitecture, the symmetry breaking and chirality amplification of helices, and the role of forces such as van der Waals interactions and Zeeman coupling in the process.

Highlights: [•] Synthesis of metal nanowires. [•] Control over structural and morphological characteristics via seed type nanoparticle. [•] Growth via surfactant or surface diffusion process. [•] Structural and surface characterization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Design and development of novel pH-sensitive two-photon ratiometric carbon dot-based probe was presented. • Probe possessed remarkable thermal stability, photostability, two-photon NIR excitation capability, and biocompatibility. • Probe demonstrated superb reversibility and ratiometric response to pH changes (4–10), upon single wavelength excitation. • Precise real-time monitoring and quantification of the intracellular pH values in 2D and 3D environments was performed. Designing a two-photon ratiometric pH-sensitive nanoprobe for real time monitoring of intracellular pH in biological environment is of great importance for better understanding the pathogenesis of diseases and the design of intracellular drug delivery-based system. However, the development of such probe remains a challenge. Here, we report for the first time the design and development of the two-photon ratiometric carbon dot-based nanoprobe and demonstrate its capability to monitor and quantify the intracellular cytoplasmic pH value, in real time. The nanoprobe comprised of a fluorescent carbon dot functionalized with a pH-responsive fluorescein dye (FACD). With increasing pH, FACD exhibits a clear ratiometric change in the emission intensity ratio, with sensitivity across a wide pH range in both extracellular and intracellular compartments. FACD is non-toxic to adipose stem cells in cell imaging experimental conditions and exhibits remarkable thermal stability, photostability, and two-photon near-infrared excitation capability. Using real-time dual-channel two-photon confocal microscopy we demonstrate the great potential of FACD as an efficient nanoprobe with high accuracy for the intracellular sensing of pH in living adipose stem cells seeded on either cell-culture dishes or on a 3D printed bioactive scaffold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stress and well being are the two important key aspects of the mental health. Objective: impact of mindfulness meditation on perceived stress levels and subjective well- being Methods: The quasi-experimental research design was used for the present study without randomization. Participants in the first phase had undertaken baseline pre-test evaluation by using two standardized scales, perceived stress scale (PSS) and subjective well -being inventory (SUBI). The experimental group learnt about mindfulness meditation for a month (20 minutes each day), while the control group received no interventions. After a one-month intervention, a post-test was conducted by using similar standardized tools. Results: In correlation results, post- stress and post- wellbeing, the r-value was found to be -.457** and the (p=<0.001) which was significant at 0.05 level of significance, and hence, negative moderate correlation exist between perceived stress and subjective well-being in experimental group. Perceived stress and subjective well-being are inversely proportional to each other. Conclusion: Mindfulness meditation reduced the perceived stress score and improved the subjective well- being score among participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We herein present a patient with a history of heavy alcohol abuse who developed pseudocyst Pancreas and delirium, who came to our hospital for treatment. The patient recovered well with treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Leprosy affected people are having high psychological distress and it in turn leads to psychiatric disorders. There is a paucity of literature from our country in this significant health problem. Aims: The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and its association with sociodemographic and clinical factors among the inmates of leprosy homes. Settings and Design: Study sample was obtained from individuals residing in two leprosy homes of malwa belt of Punjab. Materials and Methods: In screening stage, the study subjects were administered sociodemographic proforma and general health questionnaire (GHQ-12). In the confirmation stage, the study subjects were interviewed in detail and disability assessment was done using World Health Organization disability scale. Final psychiatric diagnosis was made as per ICD-10 criteria's. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using the descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, analysis of variance, and correlation analysis. Results: Majority of the subjects was in the age group 41-50 years, female, married, illiterate, Hindu and were from nuclear families. Nearly, 50.38% of subjects were having GHQ-12 score more than twelve. Nearly, 55.6% subjects were having psychiatric disorders out of which a large number of patients was diagnosed as having dysthymia. The other psychiatric disorders found in the study population were moderate depressive episode, generalized anxiety disorder, mixed anxiety and depressive disorder and schizophrenia unspecified. Psychiatric morbidity was found to be significantly related to age, family status, and duration of leprosy illness and presence of deformities among inmates. Conclusions: This study highlighted that psychiatric disorders were found in a large number among inmates of leprosy homes. Leprosy eradication program must place specific emphasis on psychiatric care of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field experiment was conducted during spring 2010 and 2011 on silty clay loam soil to assess the impact of irrigation schedules (IW: CPE 0.40, 0.60, 0.80 and stages based) and planting methods (flat, pit and trench) on yield attributes, cane and water productivity and economics of sugarcane in plant-ratoon system. The cane yield increased with the increasing number of irrigations but the response was not significant beyond 7 and 3 irrigations, applied at IW: CPE 0.60 in plant and ratoon crop, respectively. Though, irrigation scheduled at IW: CPE 0.80 produced the maximum cane yield of 116.7 and 71.6 tha-1 in plant and ratoon crop, respectively resulting in maximum water productivity and returns, but was not superior to IW:CPE 0.60 ratio. Among the planting methods, both pit and trench were comparable and produced significantly higher cane yield and water productivity than flat planting in both plant and ratoon crops. Trench planting was economically sound as it gave Rs. 43271 and Rs.10748 ha-1 higher net income in plant and Rs. 2092 and Rs. 20447 ha-1 in ratoon crop, respectively than pit and flat planting. The irrigation water use efficiency in pit and trench was higher by 51.2 and 48.8 per cent over flat planting, respectively in plant crop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]