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1. The French National Animal Health Surveillance Platform: an innovative, cross-sector collaboration to improve surveillance system efficiency in France and a tangible example of the One Health approach

Author: Céline Dupuy, Célia Locquet, Christophe Brard, Laure Dommergues, Eva Faure, Kristel Gache, Renaud Lancelot, Alexandra Mailles, Justine Marchand, Ariane Payne, Anne Touratier, Aurèle Valognes, and Sophie Carles
Subjects: animal health, surveillance, epidemiology, One Health, collaboration, consensus, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract: The French National Animal Health Surveillance Platform (NAHSP) was created in 2011. This network of animal health stakeholders was set up to improve surveillance efficiency for all health risks that threaten animal health, as well as zoonoses affecting human health. The NAHSP steering committee decides on the strategies and program of activities. It is composed of 11 institutions from both public and private sectors (policy-makers, scientific institutions, and representatives of farmers, veterinarians, hunters, and laboratories). A coordination team guarantees the implementation of the program and facilitates the activities of different working groups (WGs). Each WG is composed of technical experts with scientific, legal, and field knowledge from the sectors of animal health (livestock, companion animals, and wildlife), human health, and environmental health. Some WGs focus on a specific disease or health indicator, such as African swine fever or cattle mortality, while others cover cross-cutting topics, such as epidemic intelligence (EI), or specialize in aiding epidemiological investigations, such as the Q fever WG. The NAHSP stands out for its innovative approach because it is based on the concepts of consensus-building among participants, fostering collaboration, and embracing interdisciplinarity. Each proposal designed to improve surveillance is jointly developed by all the stakeholders involved, thereby ensuring its sustainability and acceptability among stakeholders. This process also has added value for decision-makers. As a pioneer platform, the NAHSP inspired the creation of two additional national surveillance platforms in 2018, one for plant health and the other for food chain safety. Both are organized in the same way as the NAHSP, which created a framework to place the emphasis on a One Health approach. For instance, four WGs are common to the three national surveillance platforms. This article aims to present this innovative approach to improve surveillance efficiency that could be of interest to other European countries or that could be rolled out at the European level.
Published: 2024
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2. Dynamic reciprocal relationships between cognitive and functional declines along the Alzheimer’s disease continuum in the prospective COGICARE study

Author: Sophie Carles, Bachirou O. Taddé, Claudine Berr, Catherine Helmer, Hélène Jacqmin-Gadda, Isabelle Carrière, and Cécile Proust-Lima
Subjects: Activities of daily living, Cognitive aging, Mini-Mental State Examination, Temporal association, Causality, Dementia, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract: Abstract Background Thoroughly understanding the temporal associations between cognitive and functional dimensions along the dementia process is fundamental to define preventive measures likely to delay the disease’s onset. This work aimed to finely describe the trajectories of cognitive and functional declines, and assess their dynamic bidirectional relationships among subjects at different stages of the dementia process. Methods We leveraged extensive repeated data of cognition and functional dependency from the French prospective COGICARE study, designed to better characterize the natural history of cognitive and functional declines around dementia diagnosis. Cognition was measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Isaacs Set Test for verbal fluency, the Benton Visual Retention Test for visuo-spatial memory, and Trail Making Test Part B for executive functioning. Functional dependency was measured by basic and instrumental activities of daily living. The study included 102 cognitively normal, 123 mildly cognitively impaired, and 72 dementia cases with a median of 5 repeated visits over up to 57 months. We used a dynamic causal model which addresses the two essential issues in temporal associations assessment: focusing on intra-individual change and accounting for time. Results Better cognitive abilities were associated with lower subsequent decline of the functional level among the three clinical stages with an intensification over time but no reciprocity of the association whatever the clinical status. Conclusion This work confirms that the progressive functional dependency could be induced by cognitive impairment. Subjects identified as early as possible with clinically significant cognitive impairments could benefit from preventive measures before the deterioration of activities of daily living and the appearance of dementia clinical signs.
Published: 2021
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3. Evaluation of an unconditional cash transfer program targeting children's first-1,000-days linear growth in rural Togo: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Author: Justine Briaux, Yves Martin-Prevel, Sophie Carles, Sonia Fortin, Yves Kameli, Laura Adubra, Andréa Renk, Yawavi Agboka, Magali Romedenne, Félicité Mukantambara, John Van Dyck, Joachim Boko, Renaud Becquet, and Mathilde Savy
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: BackgroundIn 2014, the government of Togo implemented a pilot unconditional cash transfer (UCT) program in rural villages that aimed at improving children's nutrition, health, and protection. It combined monthly UCTs (approximately US$8.40 /month) with a package of community activities (including behavior change communication [BCC] sessions, home visits, and integrated community case management of childhood illnesses and acute malnutrition [ICCM-Nut]) delivered to mother-child pairs during the first "1,000 days" of life. We primarily investigated program impact at population level on children's height-for-age z-scores (HAZs) and secondarily on stunting (HAZ < -2) and intermediary outcomes including household's food insecurity, mother-child pairs' diet and health, delivery in a health facility and low birth weight (LBW), women's knowledge, and physical intimate partner violence (IPV).Methods and findingsWe implemented a parallel-cluster-randomized controlled trial, in which 162 villages were randomized into either an intervention arm (UCTs + package of community activities, n = 82) or a control arm (package of community activities only, n = 80). Two different representative samples of children aged 6-29 months and their mothers were surveyed in each arm, one before the intervention in 2014 (control: n = 1,301, intervention: n = 1,357), the other 2 years afterwards in 2016 (control: n = 996, intervention: n = 1,035). Difference-in-differences (DD) estimates of impact were calculated, adjusting for clustering. Children's average age was 17.4 (± 0.24 SE) months in the control arm and 17.6 (± 0.19 SE) months in the intervention arm at baseline. UCTs had a protective effect on HAZ (DD = +0.25 z-scores, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01-0.50, p = 0.039), which deteriorated in the control arm while remaining stable in the intervention arm, but had no impact on stunting (DD = -6.2 percentage points [pp], relative odds ratio [ROR]: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.51-1.06, p = 0.097). UCTs positively impacted both mothers' and children's (18-23 months) consumption of animal source foods (ASFs) (respectively, DD = +4.5 pp, ROR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.09-4.61, p = 0.029 and DD = +9.1 pp, ROR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.01-6.98, p = 0.048) and household food insecurity (DD = -10.7 pp, ROR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.43-0.91, p = 0.016). UCTs did not impact on reported child morbidity 2 week's prior to report (DD = -3.5 pp, ROR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.56-1.14, p = 0.214) but reduced the financial barrier to seeking healthcare for sick children (DD = -26.4 pp, ROR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.08-0.66, p = 0.006). Women who received cash had higher odds of delivering in a health facility (DD = +10.6 pp, ROR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.10-2.13, p = 0.012) and lower odds of giving birth to babies with birth weights (BWs) ConclusionsUCTs targeting the first "1,000 days" had a protective effect on child's linear growth in rural areas of Togo. Their simultaneous positive effects on various immediate, underlying, and basic causes of malnutrition certainly contributed to this ultimate impact. The positive impacts observed on pregnancy- and birth-related outcomes call for further attention to the conception period in nutrition-sensitive programs.Trial registrationISRCTN Registry ISRCTN83330970.
Published: 2020
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4. A Novel Method to Describe Early Offspring Body Mass Index (BMI) Trajectories and to Study Its Determinants.

Author: Sophie Carles, Marie-Aline Charles, Anne Forhan, Rémy Slama, Barbara Heude, Jérémie Botton, and EDEN mother child study group
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: BACKGROUND:Accurately characterizing children's body mass index (BMI) trajectories and studying their determinants is a statistical challenge. There is a need to identify early public health measures for obesity prevention. We describe a method that allows studies of the determinants of height, weight and BMI growth up to five years of age. We illustrated this method using maternal smoking during pregnancy as one of the early-life factors that is potentially involved in prenatal programming of obesity. METHODS:Individual height and weight trajectories were fitted using the Jenss-Bayley model on 28,381 and 30,515 measurements, respectively, from 1,666 children to deduce BMI trajectories. We assessed global associations between smoking and growth trajectories and cross-sectional associations at specific ages. RESULTS:Children exposed in late pregnancy had a 0.24 kg/m2 (95% confidence interval: 0.07, 0.41) higher BMI at 5 years of age compared with non-exposed children. Although the BMIs of children exposed during late pregnancy became significantly higher compared with those of non-exposed children from 2 years onwards, the trajectories began to diverge during the first weeks of life. CONCLUSION:Our method is relevant for studies on the relationships between individual-level exposures and the dynamics and shapes of BMI growth during childhood, including key features such as instantaneous growth velocities and the age or BMI value at the BMI infancy peak that benefit from the monotonic pattern of height and weight growth.
Published: 2016
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5. Kinetics and Branching for the Reactions of N2+ with C3H4 Isomers at Low Temperatures and Implications for Titan’s Atmosphere

Author: Ahmad Mortada, Sophie Carles, Sándor Demes, Baptiste Joalland, François Lique, Abdessamad Benidar, Panayotis Lavvas, Ludovic Biennier, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-14-CE33-0013, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat ? l'énergie Atomique et aux énergies Alternatives, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, and ANR-14-CE33-0013,Anion Cos Chem,Explorer la Chimie et Spectroscopie des Anions Cosmiques(2014)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, temperature-dependent reactivity, reactive collisions, Atmospheric Science, uniform supersonic flows, astrochemistry, [PHYS.ASTR.EP]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, planetary sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Molecular physics
Abstract: International audience; The photoionization of N2 plays a key role in initiating the formation of complex organic molecules in the nitrogen-rich atmosphere of Saturn’s largest moon, Titan. To date, only a handful of laboratory studies have explored the reactivity of N2+ ions with hydrocarbons─limited to methane, acetylene, and ethylene─at the low temperatures relevant to Titan. Here, the rate coefficients, product identity, and branching ratios of the ion–molecule reactions of N2+ with C3H4 isomers, namely, propyne CH3CCH and allene CH2CCH2, were measured between 24 and 72 K in uniform supersonic flows. The rate coefficients are collisional and their temperature dependence is in remarkable agreement with capture models. The outcomes of both reactions are similar: they proceed primarily via dissociative charge transfer, leading to the formation of C3H3+ (main product, >70%) and C3H2+ (between 9 and 17%), whereas a second, nondissociative charge-transfer mechanism leading to C3H4+ becomes slightly more prominent as the temperature decreases (from 3 to 12%). C3H3+ is plausibly formed predominantly as the smallest aromatic cation, cyclopropenyl c-C3H3+, by following the lowest-energy pathway for the decomposition of allene and propyne cations. The measured rate coefficients and branching ratios were included in a photochemical model of Titan’s atmosphere. The results point toward a secondary role of N2+ + C3H4 reactive pathways in the production of c-C3H3+.
Published: 2022
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6. APOE ε4 and the influence of sex, age, vascular risk factors, and ethnicity on cognitive decline

Author: Allison E. Aiello, Mary Ganguli, Sophie Carles, Jessica W. Lo, Jorge J. Llibre-Guerra, Ma Shwe Zin Nyunt, Linda Lam, Blossom C. M. Stephan, Mindy J. Katz, Wai Chi Chan, Ki Woong Kim, Yvonne Leung, Steve R. Makkar, Kaarin J. Anstey, CuilingWang, Seung Wan Suh, John D. Crawford, Mary N. Haan, Fiona E. Matthews, Adolfo J. Valhuerdi-Cepero, Henry Brodaty, Qi Gao, Alexander Pabst, Breno S. Diniz, Susanne Roehr, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller, Karen Ritchie, Mary Yannakoulia, Ada Fung, Mary H. Kosmidis, Ji Won Han, Julian N. Trollor, Simon Easteal, Annalisa Davin, Tze Pin Ng, Beth E. Snitz, Roberta Vaccaro, Darren M. Lipnicki, Juan J. Llibre-Rodriguez, Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa, Perminder S. Sachdev, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Richard B. Lipton, Nicole A. Kochan, Erico Castro-Costa, Tiffany F. Hughes, Nicolas Cherbuin, Carol Brayne, Isabelle Carrière, Kristina Dang, Antonio Guaita, University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), University of Toronto, Center For Addiction and Mental Health, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Newcastle University [Newcastle], University of Havana (Universidad de la Habana) (UH), University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, Universidad de Matanzas, Yeshiva University, NY, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital de la Colombière, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Columbia University [New York], Harokopio University of Athens, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], The Hong Kong Polytechnic University [Hong Kong] (POLYU), Golgi Cenci Foundation, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Seoul National University Hospital, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Youngstown State University (YSU), Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Australian National University (ANU), University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), National University of Singapore (NUS), University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Le Couteur, David
Subjects: Apolipoprotein E, Male, Aging, APOE genotype, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Apolipoprotein E4, Ethnic group, Cognitive decline, Vascular risk, Neurodegenerative, Alzheimer's Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, 80 and over, Ethnicity, Medicine, Longitudinal Studies, Aetiology, 10. No inequality, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Age Factors, Cognition, Middle Aged, Moderation, Female, Sex, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Clinical Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Genetics, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, Alleles, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, business.industry, Prevention, Neurosciences, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Brain Disorders, Carriage, THE JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY: Translational Section: Apoe: Biological and Clinical Insights on the Longevity Associated Gene, Dementia, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, Gerontology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography, 2.4 Surveillance and distribution
Abstract: We aimed to examine the relationship between Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE*4) carriage on cognitive decline, and whether these associations were moderated by sex, baseline age, ethnicity, and vascular risk factors. Participants were 19,225 individuals aged 54–103 years from 15 longitudinal cohort studies with a mean follow-up duration ranging between 1.2 and 10.7 years. Two-step individual participant data meta-analysis was used to pool results of study-wise analyses predicting memory and general cognitive decline from carriage of one or two APOE*4 alleles, and moderation of these associations by age, sex, vascular risk factors, and ethnicity. Separate pooled estimates were calculated in both men and women who were younger (ie, 62 years) and older (ie, 80 years) at baseline. Results showed that APOE*4 carriage was related to faster general cognitive decline in women, and faster memory decline in men. A stronger dose-dependent effect was observed in older men, with faster general cognitive and memory decline in those carrying two versus one APOE*4 allele. Vascular risk factors were related to an increased effect of APOE*4 on memory decline in younger women, but a weaker effect of APOE*4 on general cognitive decline in older men. The relationship between APOE*4 carriage and memory decline was larger in older-aged Asians than Whites. In sum, APOE*4 is related to cognitive decline in men and women, although these effects are enhanced by age and carriage of two APOE*4 alleles in men, a higher numbers of vascular risk factors during the early stages of late adulthood in women, and Asian ethnicity.
Published: 2020
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7. A cross‐national study of depression in preclinical dementia: A COSMIC collaboration study

Author: Nicole A. Kochan, Elena Lobo, Julian N. Trollor, Simone Reppermund, Erin Jacobsen, Karen Ritchie, Annalisa Davin, Darren M. Lipnicki, Perminder S. Sachdev, Marie-Laure Ancelin, Isabelle Carrière, Ki Woong Kim, Mary N. Haan, Susanne Roehr, Henry Brodaty, Alexander Pabst, Ji Won Han, Concepción de la Cámara, Antonio Lobo, Roberta Vaccaro, Antonio Guaita, Steffi G. Riedel-Heller, Mary Ganguli, Seung Wan Suh, Sophie Carles, Joanne C. Beer, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Golgi Cenci Foundation, Department of Psychiatry [Pittsburgh], University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Department of Neurology [Pittsburgh], Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh (PITT), and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Gerontology, Male, Epidemiology, health care facilities, manpower, and services, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, education, Prodromal Symptoms, Disease, Logistic regression, Article, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Developmental Neuroscience, Forest plot, Medicine, Dementia, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Longitudinal Studies, Depression (differential diagnoses), health care economics and organizations, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Health Policy, Incidence (epidemiology), medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Preclinical dementia, depression, incidence, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, dementia
Abstract: Introduction Depression commonly accompanies Alzheimer's disease, but the nature of this association remains uncertain. Methods Longitudinal data from the COSMIC consortium were harmonized for eight population-based cohorts from four continents. Incident dementia was diagnosed in 646 participants, with a median follow-up time of 5.6 years to diagnosis. The association between years to dementia diagnosis and successive depressive states was assessed using a mixed effect logistic regression model. A generic inverse variance method was used to group study results, construct forest plots, and generate heterogeneity statistics. Results A common trajectory was observed showing an increase in the incidence of depression as the time to dementia diagnosis decreased despite cross-national variability in depression rates. Discussion The results support the hypothesis that depression occurring in the preclinical phases of dementia is more likely to be attributable to dementia-related brain changes than environment or reverse causality.
Published: 2020
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8. A mass-selective ion transfer line coupled with a uniform supersonic flow for studying ion-molecule reactions at low temperatures

Author: Alexander Lekkas, Nour Jamal-Eddine, Sophie Carles, Baptiste Joalland, Ludovic Biennier, Dimitris Papanastasiou, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos' (NCSR), Agence Nationale de la Recherche through the AnionCosChem Project [ANR-14-CE33-0013], Physique et Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire (PCMI) of CNRS/INSU, Programme National de Planetologie (PNP) of CNRS/INSU, INC/INP, CEA, CNES, ANR-14-CE33-0013,Anion Cos Chem,Explorer la Chimie et Spectroscopie des Anions Cosmiques(2014), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, 010304 chemical physics, Polyatomic ion, Transfer line, General Physics and Astronomy, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Ion, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Physics::Plasma Physics, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Molecule, Supersonic speed, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Quadrupole mass analyzer, Choked flow
Abstract: International audience; A new approach based on the uniform supersonic flow technique-a cold, thermalized de Laval expansion offering the advantage of performing experiments with condensable species-has been developed to study ion-molecule reactions at low temperatures. It employs a mass-selective radio frequency transfer line to capture and select ions from an adaptable ionization source and to inject the selected ions in the core of the supersonic expansion where rate coefficients and product branching can be measured from room temperature down to similar to 15 K. The transfer line incorporates segmented ion guides combining quadrupolar and octapolar field orders to maximize transmission through the differential apertures and the large pressure gradients encountered between the ionization source (similar to mbar), the quadrupole mass filter (similar to 10(-5) mbar), and the de Laval expansion (similar to mbar). All components were designed to enable the injection of cations and anions of virtually any m/z ratio up to 200 at near ground potential, allowing for a precise control over the momentum and thermalization of the ions in the flow. The kinetics and branching ratios of a selection of reactions have been examined to validate the approach. The technique will be instrumental in providing new insight on the reactivity of polyatomic ions and molecular cluster ions in astrophysical and planetary environments.
Published: 2019
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9. High enthalpy source dedicated to quantitative infrared emission spectroscopy of gas flows at elevated temperatures

Author: Abdessamad Benidar, Vincent Boudon, J. Vander Auwera, Robert Georges, M. Louviot, Badr Amyay, Jonathan Thiévin, Sophie Carles, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne [Dijon] (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRSAgence Nationale de la Recherche, Not AvailableAgence Nationale de la Recherche, Not Available, Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), and Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Infrared, Enthalpy, Analytical chemistry, Physique atomique et moléculaire, Infrared spectroscopy, Computational fluid dynamics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Methane, Dissociation (chemistry), Spectral line, 010305 fluids & plasmas, chemistry.chemical_compound, Absolute line intensities, Thermal dissociation, Computational fluid dynamics simulations, 0103 physical sciences, Flow of gases, Radiative transfer, Chimie, Infrared emission spectroscopy, Emission spectrum, Instrumentation, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Spectrometers, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, CRESU, Emission spectroscopy, Absorption cross sections, Spectroscopie [électromagnétisme, optique, acoustique], chemistry, Temperature uniformity, 13. Climate action, Dissociation products, Fourier transform spectrometers, Molecular physics, Dissociation
Abstract: The High Enthalpy Source (HES) is a novel high temperature source developed to measure infrared line-by-line integrated absorption cross sections of flowing gases up to 2000 K. The HES relies on a porous graphite furnace designed to uniformly heat a constant flow of gas. The flow compensates thermal dissociation by renewing continuously the gas sample and eliminating dissociation products. The flowing characteristics have been investigated using computational fluid dynamics simulation confirming good temperature uniformity. The HES has been coupled to a high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer to record emission spectra of methane at temperatures ranging between 700 and 1400 K. A radiative model has been developed to extract absolute line intensities from the recorded spectra., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2019
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10. Demonstration of the branching ratio inversion for the electron attachment to phosphoryl chloride POCl3 in the gas phase between 300 and 200 K

Author: Sophie Carles, Nicholas S. Shuman, Ngary Guen, Jean-Luc Le Garrec, Albert A. Viggiano, James Mitchell, Ghassen Saidani, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), United States Air Force (USAF), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Exothermic reaction, Phosphoryl chloride, Kinetic model, Chemistry, Branching fraction, 010401 analytical chemistry, Analytical chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, Branching ratio, CRESU, Atmospheric temperature range, 010402 general chemistry, Mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Gas phase, chemistry.chemical_compound, Electron attachment, Organic chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Electron attachment to phosphoryl chloride (phosphorus oxychloride) POCl 3 has been studied in the gas phase by mass spectrometry at several low temperatures (47.7, 74.5, 169.7 and 199.5 K) with the CRESU method. By measuring over this temperature range and data from [8] , we have demonstrated the inversion of the branching ratio between the exothermic non-dissociative exit channel POCl 3 − and the thermo-neutral dissociative exit channel POCl 2 − + Cl. A kinetic model in terms of statistical theory is used to fit the experimental data.
Published: 2016
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11. Socioeconomic inequalities in weight, height and body mass index from birth to 5 years

Author: Adrian J. Cameron, Marie-Aline Charles, M. Ballon, Sophie Carles, Barbara Heude, B. de Lauzon-Guillain, Sandrine Lioret, A. Forhan, Jérémie Botton, Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), School of Health and Social Development [Deakin University], Deakin University [Burwood], Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale, Ministry of Research, France, Institut Federatif de Recherche, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), French Ministry of Health Perinatal Program, French National Research Agency (ANR), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (INVS), Paris-Sud University, Nestle, Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale, French Speaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism (Alfediam), National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP TGIR Cohorte Sante 2008 Program), and Cohort Program
Subjects: Male, Low education, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mothers, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Overweight, Body size, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Child Development, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Socioeconomic status, Socioeconomic inequalities, 2. Zero hunger, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Body Weight, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Child development, Body Height, Socioeconomic Factors, Child, Preschool, Cohort, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract: International audience; Background/Objectives: Studies in high income countries show that despite the positive association of weight with socioeconomic position at birth, an inverse socioeconomic gradient in overweight (OW) appears later in childhood. The objectives were to understand the natural history of socioeconomic inequalities in weight, height and body mass index (BMI), by investigating their associations with maternal educational level between birth and five years, separately in boys and girls.Subjects/Methods: A published work of growth modelling between birth and 5 years allowed us to calculate predicted weight, height and BMI at 1 month, 6 months, 1, 3 and 5 years for 1735 children from the French EDEN mother-child cohort. Associations between maternal education and predicted measures of body size were analysed with marginal linear and logistic models, stratified by sex. Results: In girls, despite a positive association between maternal education and birthweight, an inverse socioeconomic gradient was observed as early as 1 month for BMI. Girls whose mothers had low education levels were shorter on the whole than their counterparts with better-educated mothers, despite their similar weights. In boys, no socioeconomic gradient in BMI was observed at any age, including birth, but positive associations were found as early as 1 month for both weight and height. Conclusion: The emergence of an inverse socioeconomic gradient in BMI and OW apparently results from a complex pattern of socioeconomic inequalities in weight and height from 1 month onwards. The very start of life thus appears to be an important window of opportunity for addressing socioeconomic inequalities in growth.
Published: 2018
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12. Joint Bayesian weight and height postnatal growth model to study the effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy

Author: Jérémie Botton, Barbara Heude, Marie-Aline Charles, Sophie Carles, Ismaïl Ahmed, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Biostatistique, Biomathématique, Pharmacoépidémiologie et Maladies Infectieuses (B2PHI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Saclay, Martel, Anne-Sophie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Multivariate statistics, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Tobacco Smoking, 01 natural sciences, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, 010104 statistics & probability, 0302 clinical medicine, Child Development, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, MESH: Obesity, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Maternal Exposure, MESH: Cohort Studies, 2. Zero hunger, postnatal growth trajectories, Smoking, Random effects model, MESH: Infant, Markov Chains, MESH: Mothers, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Maternal Exposure, Child, Preschool, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Trait, Female, France, Algorithms, nonlinear modeling, Cohort study, Statistics and Probability, Mixed model, MESH: Smoking, MESH: Bayes Theorem, Mothers, MESH: Algorithms, MESH: Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, MESH: Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, multivariate, MESH: Computer Simulation, MESH: Markov Chains, MESH: Body Height, medicine, Tobacco Smoking, Humans, Computer Simulation, Obesity, 0101 mathematics, joint model, MESH: Child Development, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Body Weight, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Bayes Theorem, medicine.disease, Body Height, Bayesian modeling, MESH: Male, MESH: Body Weight, MESH: France, business, Body mass index, MESH: Female, Demography
Abstract: International audience; Growth models used for describing the dynamics of body weight and height generally consider each trait independently. We proposed modeling height and weight trajectories jointly with a nonlinear heteroscedastic mixed model based on the Jenss-Bayley growth function with correlated individual random effects and using Bayesian inference techniques. Simulations showed that our model provides good estimates of the growth parameters. We illustrated how it can be used to assess the associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy, an early-life factor potentially involved in prenatal programming of obesity, and children's growth from birth to 5 years of age. We used real data from the EDEN study, a large French mother-child cohort study with a high number of height and weight measurements (a total of approximately 30 000 measurements for each of the 2 traits across the 1666 children). Our results supported the existence of a relationship between maternal smoking during pregnancy and growth from birth to 5 years of age. Children from mothers who smoked throughout pregnancy were shown to display a higher body mass index from the first few months of life onwards compared to children from nonsmokers. At 5 years of age, their mean body mass index was 0.21 kg/m2 higher than unexposed children. It was mainly explained by the fact that these children tended to be smaller at birth but rapidly exceeded the weight of children from nonsmokers postnatally.
Published: 2017
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13. Influence of infant feeding patterns over the first year of life on growth from birth to 5 years: Feeding patterns and growth in early childhood

Author: M.-A. Charles, Barbara Heude, Sophie Carles, Aisha Betoko, B. de Lauzon-Guillain, Régis Hankard, Sandrine Lioret, Jérémie Botton, A. Forhan, N. Regnault, Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nutrition, croissance et cancer (U 1069) (N2C), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Francois Rabelais [Tours], Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), We acknowledge all funding sources for the EDEN study: Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), French Ministry of Research: Federative Research Institutes and Cohort Program, INSERM Human Nutrition National Research Program, and Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD)), French Ministry of Health, French Agency for Environment Security (AFSSET), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), Paris–Sud University, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Nestlé, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale (MGEN), French speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM), National Agency for Research (ANR non thematic program), National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte santé 2008 program). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/ 2007-2013) under the grant agreement n°FP7-245012- HabEat and from the National Agency for Research (ANR Social determinants of health program) under the grant agreement n°ANR-12-DSSA-0001 (SOFI project). Aisha Betoko was supported by a research grant from the French Ministry for Higher Education and Research., The EDEN mother-child cohort study group, ANR-12-DSSA-0001,SOFI,Déterminants socio-culturel des pratiques alimentaires dans l'enfance(2012), European Project: 245012,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2009-3,HABEAT(2010), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Tours, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: preschool children, growth, Breastfeeding, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Infant feeding, 2. Zero hunger, Meal, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Health Policy, Confounding, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Anthropometry, medicine.disease, Obesity, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cohort, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Body mass index, feeding patterns, Birth cohort, Demography
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVES: As early-life feeding experiences may influence later health, we aimed to examine relations between feeding patterns over the first year of life and child's growth in the first 5 years of life. METHODS: Our analysis included 1022 children from the EDEN mother-child cohort. Three feeding patterns were previously identified, i.e. 'Later dairy products introduction and use of ready-prepared baby foods' (pattern-1), 'Long breastfeeding, later main meal food introduction and use of home-made foods' (pattern-2) and 'Use of ready-prepared adult foods' (pattern-3). Associations between the feeding patterns and growth [weight, height and body mass index {BMI}] were analysed by multivariable linear regressions. Anthropometric changes were assessed by the final value adjusted for the initial value. RESULTS: Even though infant feeding patterns were not related to anthropometric measurements at 1, 3 and 5 years, high scores on pattern-1 were associated with higher 1-3 years weight and height changes. High scores on pattern-2 were related to lower 0-1 year weight and height changes, higher 1-5 years weight and height changes but not to BMI changes, after controlling for a wide range of potential confounding variables including parental BMI. Scores on pattern-3 were not significantly related to growth. Additional adjustment for breastfeeding duration reduced the strength of the associations between pattern-2 and growth but not those between pattern-1 and height growth. CONCLUSION: Our findings emphasize the relevance of considering infant feeding patterns including breastfeeding duration, age of complementary foods introduction as well as type of foods used when examining effects of early infant feeding practices on later health. (c) 2017 World Obesity Federation.
Published: 2017
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14. Prospective associations between energy balance-related behaviors at 2 years of age and subsequent adiposity: the EDEN mother–child cohort

Author: Barbara Heude, B. de Lauzon-Guillain, Sandrine Lioret, A. Forhan, C Saldanha-Gomes, Sophie Carles, Jérémie Botton, Patricia Dargent-Molina, M.-A. Charles, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), UFR Pharmacie - Université Paris-Sud, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Pediatric Obesity, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Energy balance, Mothers, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Lifestyle modification, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Exercise, Adiposity, 2. Zero hunger, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Overweight, medicine.disease, Health Surveys, Obesity, Diet, Child, Preschool, Cohort, Female, Television, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Sedentary Behavior, Energy Intake, Energy Metabolism, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Demography
Abstract: Sedentary behavior, physical activity and dietary behavior are formed early during childhood and tend to remain relatively stable into later life. No longitudinal studies have assessed the independent influence of these three energy balance-related behaviors during toddlerhood on later adiposity. We aimed to analyze the associations between TV/DVD watching time, outdoor play time and dietary patterns at the age of 2 years and child adiposity at the age of 5 years, in boys and girls separately.This study included 883 children from the French EDEN mother-child cohort. TV/DVD watching time, outdoor play time and dietary intakes were reported by parents in questionnaires when the child was aged 2 years. Two dietary patterns, labeled 'Guidelines' and 'Processed, fast foods', were identified in a previous study. The percentage of body fat (%BF) based on bioelectrical impedance analysis and body mass index were measured at the age of 5 years.In boys, TV/DVD watching time at the age of 2 years was positively associated with %BF at the age of 5 years (β=0.50 (95% confidence interval: 0.001, 1.00) for those boys with ⩾60 min per day of TV/DVD watching time vs those with ⩽15 min per day, P-value for trend 0.05). In girls, outdoor play was inversely associated with %BF (β=-0.96 (95% confidence interval: -1.60, -0.32) for those in the highest tertile of outdoor play time vs those in the lowest tertile, P=0.001). Overall, at the age of 2 years, dietary patterns were associated with both TV/DVD watching time and outdoor play time, but no significant and independent association was observed between dietary patterns and later adiposity.This study shows longitudinal and gender-differentiated relations between both TV/DVD watching time and outdoor play time in toddlerhood and later adiposity, whereas evidence for a relation between dietary patterns and subsequent fat development was less conclusive. Early childhood-by the age of 2 years-should be targeted as a critical time for promoting healthy energy balance-related behaviors.
Published: 2017
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15. Étude de facteurs médiateurs modifiables de la relation entre le niveau d’études de la mère et le poids et la taille de l’enfant à la naissance

Author: M.-A. Charles, Barbara Heude, B. de Lauzon-Guillain, Sandrine Lioret, Sophie Carles, M. Ballon, A. Forhan, and Jérémie Botton
Subjects: Epidemiology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Abstract: Contexte et objectifs Alors que plusieurs etudes ont montre une association positive entre le statut socio-economique et le poids et la taille a la naissance, les facteurs de risques modifiables impliques ne sont pas bien connus. Notre etude a pour but de determiner quels facteurs prenataux expliquent ces associations. Methodes Sur une population de 1500 enfants issue de la cohorte mere-enfant EDEN, nous avons utilise la methode proposee et validee par Lange et al. (Am J Epidemiol., 2014) pour mener des analyses de mediation dans le cadre contrefactuel. L’IMC, le tabagisme, la depression maternelle et les profils alimentaires maternels ont ete etudies comme mediateurs potentiels du lien entre le niveau d’education maternelle et les z-scores de poids et de taille de naissance, a l’aide de modeles marginaux structuraux multiples. Nous avons utilise une approche par bootstrap pour obtenir des estimations robustes des ecarts-types des parametres du modele. Resultats La difference de z-score de poids de naissance (effet total) entre les enfants issus de meres ayant un faible niveau d’etudes (inferieur au bac) ou de meres ayant un niveau d’etudes intermediaire (bac, bac + 2), etait expliquee a 52 % par le tabagisme maternel pendant la grossesse. La faible difference de z-score de poids de naissance entre les enfants nes de meres ayant un niveau d’etudes eleve (superieur a bac + 2) et ceux nes de meres ayant un niveau d’etudes intermediaire, masquait l’existence de deux effets indirects opposes passant par l’IMC maternel (negatif) et le tabagisme pendant la grossesse (positif). Des resultats similaires ont ete trouves avec les z-scores de taille de naissance. Conclusion Les roles mediateurs opposes de l’IMC pre-gestationnel et du tabagisme pendant la grossesse entre le niveau d’education maternel et la croissance fœtale contribuent a sous-estimer les inegalites sociales de sante perinatale. Cibler ces facteurs de risque modifiables chez les femmes enceintes avec un faible niveau d’etudes pourrait aider a prevenir la mise en place d’inegalites sociales precoces de croissance, qui est un determinant important de la sante et du developpement ulterieurs.
Published: 2019
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16. Association between genetic obesity susceptibility and mother‐reported eating behaviour in children up to 5 years

Author: Sophie Carles, Yves Akoli Koudou, Karine Clément, Ken K. Ong, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Barbara Heude, Marie-Aline Charles, A. Forhan, Jérémie Botton, and Véronique Pelloux
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatric Obesity, Genotyping Techniques, Appetite, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, Eating, Child Development, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Longitudinal Studies, Prospective Studies, Early childhood, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Nutrition and Dietetics, Health Policy, Child, Preschool, Female, France, Adult, Mediation (statistics), media_common.quotation_subject, Mothers, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Childhood obesity, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Genetic predisposition, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Alleles, Genetic association, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Feeding Behavior, medicine.disease, Obesity, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Energy Intake, business, Body mass index, Genome-Wide Association Study, Demography
Abstract: Background Many genetic polymorphisms identified by genome-wide association studies for adult body mass index (BMI) have been suggested to regulate food intake. Objective The objective was to study the associations between a genetic obesity risk score, appetitive traits, and growth of children up to age 5 years, with a longitudinal design. Methods In 1142 children from the Etude des Determinants pre et post natals de la sante de l'ENfant (EDEN) birth cohort, a combined obesity risk-allele score (BMI genetic risk score [GRS]) was related to appetitive traits (energy intake up to 12 mo, a single item on appetite from 4 mo to 3 y, a validated appetite score at 5 y) using Poisson regressions with robust standard errors. The potential mediation of appetitive traits on the association between BMI-GRS and growth was assessed by the Sobel test. Results Children with a high BMI-GRS were more likely to have high energy intake at 1 year and high appetite at 2 and 5 years. High energy intake in infancy and high appetite from 1 year were related to higher subsequent BMI. High 2-year appetite seemed to partially mediate the associations between BMI-GRS and BMI from 2 to 5 years (all P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions Genetic susceptibility to childhood obesity seems to be partially explained by appetitive traits in infancy, followed by an early childhood rise in BMI.
Published: 2019
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17. Phthalate pregnancy exposure and male offspring growth from the intra-uterine period to five years of age

Author: Antonia M. Calafat, Rémy Slama, Sophie Carles, Marie-Aline Charles, Claire Philippat, Jérémie Botton, Pharmaco-épidémiologie des produits de santé et sécurité sanitaire [Site de Saint Denis] (GIS EPIPHARE - ANSM), Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament et des produits de santé [Saint-Denis] (ANSM), Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Atlanta] (CDC), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Unité Mixte de Recherche d'Épidémiologie des maladies Animales et zoonotiques (UMR EPIA), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Martel, Anne-Sophie, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Male, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Physiology, Fetal growth, 010501 environmental sciences, Endocrine Disruptors, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Child Development, Phthalates, Pregnancy, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Femur, MESH: Maternal Exposure, MESH: Cohort Studies, General Environmental Science, 2. Zero hunger, Infant growth, MESH: Molecular Weight, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Phthalate, MESH: Ultrasonography, Prenatal, MESH: Infant, MESH: Endocrine Disruptors, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], MESH: Femur, Fetal Weight, Maternal Exposure, Child, Preschool, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Cohort, Gestation, Female, medicine.medical_specialty, Offspring, Phthalic Acids, Article, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, MESH: Body Mass Index, MESH: Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Humans, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, MESH: Child Development, Fetus, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Repeated measures design, Infant, MESH: Phthalic Acids, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Molecular Weight, MESH: Fetal Weight, Endocrinology, chemistry, business, Body mass index, MESH: Female
Abstract: Objective To study associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and fetal and postnatal growth up to age 5 years in male offspring. Methods Eleven phthalate metabolites were quantified in spot maternal urine samples collected during gestation among 520 women of the EDEN mother-child cohort who gave birth to a boy. Fetal growth was assessed from repeated ultrasound measurements and measurements at birth. We used repeated measures of weight and height in the first 5 years of life to model individual postnatal growth trajectories. We estimated adjusted variations in pre and postnatal growth parameters associated with an interquartile range increase in ln-transformed phthalate metabolite concentrations. Results Monocarboxyisononyl phthalate (MCNP) was positively associated with femoral length during gestation and length at birth. High molecular weight phthalate metabolites were negatively associated with estimated fetal weight throughout pregnancy. Monoethyl phthalate (MEP) showed positive association with weight growth velocity from two to five years and with body mass index at five years (β=0.17 kg/m2, 95% confidence interval, 0.04, 0.30). Conclusions We highlighted associations between gestational exposure to some phthalates and growth in boys. The positive association between MEP and postnatal growth in boys was also reported in several previous human studies.
Published: 2016
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18. Maternal Exposure to Mixtures of Food Chemicals in Relation with Offspring Birthweight and Postnatal Growth

Author: Barbara Heude, Marion Hulin, Manik Kadawathagedara, Thiema Traore, Sophie Carles, Amelie Crepet, Marie-Aline Charles, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Véronique Sirot, and Jérémie Botton
Subjects: Offspring, Environmental health, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Postnatal growth, Biology, Population exposure, General Environmental Science, Food contaminant
Abstract: Introduction: Total diet studies (TDS) are conducted worldwide to provide concentrations and population exposure levels to many food contaminants. To our knowledge, no epidemiological study has lin...
Published: 2016
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19. Low-Temperature Reactivity of C2n+1N(-) Anions with Polar Molecules

Author: Baptiste Joalland, Nour Jamal-Eddine, Jean-Claude Guillemin, Sophie Carles, Jacek Kłos, François Lique, Ludovic Biennier, Yann Trolez, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ondes et Milieux Complexes (LOMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-14-CE33-0013, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-14-CE33-0013,Anion Cos Chem,Explorer la Chimie et Spectroscopie des Anions Cosmiques(2014)
Subjects: Proton, Formic acid, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Proton transfer, Ion, Reaction rate, chemistry.chemical_compound, Computational chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Molecule, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, Reactivity (chemistry), Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Proton transfer reactions, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Reaction probability, Molecular anions, Ions, Interstellar mediums, Chemical polarity, Reduced-dimensional, Temperature, Molecules, 0104 chemical sciences, Temperature distribution, chemistry, Chemical physics, Uniform supersonic flow, Temperature dependence, Polar, Dipole dipole interactions
Abstract: International audience; Following the recent discovery of molecular anions in the interstellar medium, we report on the kinetics of proton transfer reactions between cyanopolyynide anions C2n+1N- (n = 0, 1, 2) and formic acid HCOOH. The results, obtained from room temperature down to 36 K by means of uniform supersonic flows, show a surprisingly weak temperature dependence of the CN- reaction rate, in contrast with longer chain anions. The CN- + HCOOH reaction is further studied theoretically via a reduced dimensional quantum model that highlights a tendency of the reaction probability to decrease with temperature, in agreement with experimental data but at the opposite of conventional long-range capture theories. In return, comparing HCOOH to HC3N as target molecules suggests that dipole-dipole interactions must play an active role in overcoming this limiting effect at low temperatures. This work provides new fundamental insights on prototypical reactions between polar anions and polar molecules along with critical data for astrochemical modeling. © 2016 American Chemical Society.
Published: 2016
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20. Elusive anion growth in Titan’s atmosphere: low temperature kinetics of the C3N−− + HC3N reaction

Author: Ludovic Biennier, Baptiste Joalland, Muthiah Balaganesh, Sébastien D. Le Picard, Jérémy Bourgalais, Nour Jamal-Eddine, Michael Capron, Jean-Claude Guillemin, Alexandre Faure, Sophie Carles, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This research was supported by the French National Research Agency (ANR) through a grant to the Anion Cos Chem project (ANR-14-CE33-0013), the CNRS-INSU Programme National de Physique et Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire and the CNRS-INSU Programme National de Planétologie. We thank Daniel Cordier for his help concerning the kinetics analysis. This work also benefited from discussions with our colleagues Ján Z̆abka, Christian Alcaraz, Claire Romanzin, Véronique Vuitton and Roland Thissen. J.-C. G. thanks the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) for financial support. S. L. P. thanks the Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) for financial support., ANR-14-CE33-0013,Anion Cos Chem,Explorer la Chimie et Spectroscopie des Anions Cosmiques(2014), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Analytical chemistry, Chemistry – Ionospheres, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Ion, Atmosphere, symbols.namesake, Mass transfer, 0103 physical sciences, Elementary reaction, Physique moléculaire, Atmosphere of Titan, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Chemistry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Atmospheric temperature range, CRESU, 0104 chemical sciences, Atmosphere – Atmospheres, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, Atomic physics, Titan (rocket family), Molecular physics, Titan, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Ion chemistry appears to be deeply involved in the formation of heavy molecules in the upper atmosphere of Titan. These large species form the seeds of the organic aerosols responsible for the opaque haze surrounding the biggest satellite of Saturn. The chemical pathways involving individual anions remain however mostly unknown. The determination of the rates of the elementary reactions with ions and the identification of the products are essential to the progress in our understanding of Titan’s upper atmosphere. We have taken steps in that direction through the investigation of the low temperature reactivity of C3N−,−, which was tentatively identified in the spectra measured by the CAPS-ELS instrument of the Cassini spacecraft during its high altitude flybys. The reaction of this anion with HC3N, one of the most abundant trace organics in the atmosphere, has been studied over the 49–294 K temperature range in uniform supersonic flows using the CRESU technique. The proton transfer is found to be the main exit channel ( > 91%) of the CView the MathML source315N−− + HC3N reaction. It remains however indistinguishable with the non-isotopically labeled CView the MathML source314N−− reactant. The T−1/2T−1/2 temperature dependence of this proton transfer reaction and its global rate are reasonably well reproduced theoretically using an average dipole orientation model. A minor exit channel, reactive detachment ( < 9%), has also been uncovered, although the nature of the neutral products has not been determined. It is concluded that the CView the MathML source314N−− + HC3N reaction cannot contribute to the growth of molecular anions in the upper atmosphere of Titan. Due to the low branching into the neutral exit channel, it cannot contribute either to the growth of neutrals even assuming a complete mass transfer.
Published: 2016
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21. Rapid Early Growth May Modulate the Association Between Birth Weight and Blood Pressure at 5 Years in the EDEN Cohort Study

Author: Anne Forhan, Marie-Aline Charles, Bénédicte Stengel, Marion Taine, Jérémie Botton, Sophie Carles, Barbara Heude, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Martel, Anne-Sophie
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, Physiology, [MATH] Mathematics [math], 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, MESH: Linear Models, Cohort Studies, Child Development, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Pregnancy, Pregnancy, MESH: Gestational Age, Medicine, risk factors, 030212 general & internal medicine, [MATH]Mathematics [math], gestational age, MESH: Cohort Studies, 2. Zero hunger, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Age Factors, Gestational age, blood pressure, MESH: Blood Pressure, MESH: Infant, Child, Preschool, Female, France, MESH: Blood Pressure Determination, Cohort study, Birth weight, Standard score, MESH: Multivariate Analysis, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, children, MESH: Sex Factors, MESH: Body Height, Internal Medicine, Humans, MESH: Birth Weight, MESH: Age Factors, MESH: Child Development, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Body Weight, MESH: Time Factors, MESH: Child, Preschool, Infant, Newborn, Infant, birth weight, Blood Pressure Determination, medicine.disease, Body Height, MESH: Male, MESH: Body Weight, MESH: France, Blood pressure, Multivariate Analysis, Linear Models, Small for gestational age, business, body size, Body mass index, MESH: Female
Abstract: Physiological evidence suggests that birth weight (BW) and postnatal growth affect blood pressure (BP) level, independently or in interaction. Their respective roles are difficult to disentangle in epidemiological studies, however, especially when adjusting for final weight. We assessed the portion of the effect of BW on BP at 5 years that was not attributable to postnatal growth and investigated potential interactions between BW and postnatal growth velocity at different time points in the EDEN mother–child study. Collecting a median of 19 weight measurements for each of the 1119 children who completed follow-up enabled us to model instantaneous growth velocity at any age. After computing a BP SD-score at 5 years, adjusted for age, sex, current body mass index, and height, we used multiple linear regression to study its association with age- and sex-specific BW z score, adjusting for several maternal and pregnancy risk factors. We tested interactions between BW categories (small-, appropriate-, and large-for-gestational-age) and weight growth velocities at different ages. The BW z score was negatively and significantly correlated with the systolic BP SD-score at the age of 5 years ( r =−0.07, P =0.02). Interactions were found between BW categories and weight growth velocities from 1 to 4 months ( P from 0.002 to 0.08) but not at older ages; specifically, children born small for gestational age with a fast weight growth velocity in their first few months of life had the highest absolute systolic BP and SD score values at 5 years. They may need monitoring for cardiovascular risks.
Published: 2016
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22. Oxidation-Induced Surface Roughening of Aluminum Nanoparticles Formed in an Ablation Plume

Author: Jean-Marie Jouvard, Georg Daniel Förster, Valérie Potin, Jin Yu, Marie Girault, L. Lavisse, Sophie Carles, Erwann Carvou, Moussa Kerkar, Jean-Luc Le Garrec, Florent Calvo, Franck Rabilloud, M.C. Marco de Lucas, François-Xavier Ouf, James Mitchell, Jérôme Menneveux, Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] ( ILM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire ( IRSN ), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Matériaux et Energétique [Béjaïa] ( L2ME ), Université Abderrahmane Mira [Béjaïa], Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) ( Lab-STICC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique [Saint Martin d’Hères] ( LIPhy ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Shanghai], Shanghai Jiao Tong University [Shanghai], Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Matériaux et Energétique [Béjaïa] (L2ME), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique [Saint Martin d’Hères] (LIPhy), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synchrotron SOLEIL, Pôle Scientifique de Modélisation Numérique, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [ PHYS ] Physics [physics], Laser ablation, Materials science, Atmospheric pressure, Plasma plume, Scattering, General Physics and Astronomy, Nanoparticle, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Plume, Molecular dynamics, Volume (thermodynamics), Chemical physics, 0103 physical sciences, Particle, Molecular physics, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: International audience; Nanoparticles formed within an ablation plume produced by the impact of a nanosecond laser pulse on the surface of an aluminum target have been directly measured using small-angle x-ray scattering. The target was immersed in an oxygen-nitrogen gas mixture at atmospheric pressure with the O_{2}/N_{2} ratio being precisely controlled. The results for an increasing oxygen content reveal remarkable effects on the morphology of the generated particles, which include a decrease in the particle volume but a marked increase in its surface ruggedness. Molecular dynamics simulations using a reactive potential and performed under similar conditions as the experiment reproduce the experimental trends and show in detail how the shape and surface structure of the nanoparticles evolve with increasing oxygen content. This good agreement between in situ observations in the plume and atomistic simulations emphasizes the key role of chemical reactivity together with thermodynamic conditions on the morphology of the particles thus produced.
Published: 2015
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23. Rotational Spectrum, Conformational Composition, and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Cyanomethyl Formate (HC(O)OCH 2 C≡N), a Compound of Potential Astrochemical Interest

Author: Svein Samdal, Harald Møllendal, Sophie Carles, Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry [Oslo] (CTCC), Department of Chemistry [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 179568/V30, Norges Forskningsr?d, and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Range (particle radiation), Hydrogen, Chemistry, Methyl formate, chemistry.chemical_element, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, 0104 chemical sciences, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], chemistry.chemical_compound, Crystallography, Computational chemistry, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Moiety, Formate, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Conformational isomerism, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: The rotational spectrum of cyanomethyl formate (HC(O)OCH2C≡N) has been recorded in the 12–123 GHz spectral range. The spectra of two conformers were assigned. The rotamer denoted I has a symmetry plane and two out-of plane hydrogen atoms belonging to the cyanomethyl (CH2CN) moiety. In the conformer called II, the cyanomethyl group is rotated 80.3° out of this plane. Conformer I has an energy that is 1.4(6) kJ/mol lower than the energy of II according to relative intensity measurements. A large number of rotational transitions have been assigned for the ground and vibrationally excited states of the two conformers and accurate spectroscopic constants have been obtained. These constants should predict frequencies of transitions outside the investigated spectral range with a very high degree of precision. It is suggested that cyanomethyl formate is a potential interstellar compound. This suggestion is based on the fact that its congener methyl formate (HC(O)OCH3) exists across a large variety of interstellar environments and the fact that cyanides are very prevalent in the Universe. The experimental work has been augmented by high-level quantum chemical calculations. The CCSD/cc-pVQZ calculations are found to predict structures of the two forms that are very close to the Born–Oppenheimer equilibrium structures. MP2/cc-pVTZ predictions of several vibration–rotation interaction constants were generally found to be rather inaccurate. A gas-phase reaction between methyl formate and the cyanomethyl radical CH2CN to produce a hydrogen atom and cyanomethyl formate was mimicked using MP2/cc-pVTZ calculations. It was found that this reaction is not favored thermodynamically. It is also conjectured that the possible formation of cyanomethyl formate might be catalyzed and take place on interstellar particles.
Published: 2015
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24. Chemistry of nitrile anions in the interstellar medium

Author: J.-L. Le Garrec, Jean-Claude Guillemin, Ludovic Biennier, Sophie Carles, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Nitrile, Chemistry, Molecular cloud, Inorganic chemistry, CRESU, 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Chemical reaction, Charged particle, 0104 chemical sciences, Ion, Interstellar medium, chemistry.chemical_compound, 13. Climate action, Chemical physics, 0103 physical sciences, Molecule, Reactivity (chemistry), Molecular physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Despite the extreme conditions of temperature (down to 10K) and density (down to 100 molecules/cm3), the giant molecular clouds and the circumstellar envelopes present a rich and complex chemistry. To date, more than 180 molecules have been detected in the InterStellar Medium (ISM) with a large abundance of nitriles (RC≡N). In addition, several anions have been recently observed in this medium: C4H¯, C6H¯, C8H¯, CN¯, C3N¯ and C5N¯. These last species should play a key role in the molecular growth towards complexity. To explore this hypothesis, their reactivity must be studied in the laboratory. The FALP-MS and the CRESU experimental apparatuses of the Rennes University are able to measure absolute rate coefficient of various chemical reactions, including the ion – molecule reactions, in gas phase at low temperature (from 300K for the FALP-MS down to 15K for the CRESU). Therefore, these experimental tools are particularly adapted to the kinetic studies of reactions potentially involved in the Interstellar ...
Published: 2015
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25. Low temperature reaction kinetics of CN‑ + HC3N and implications for the growth of anions in Titan's atmosphere

Author: Daniel Cordier, Sébastien D. Le Picard, Alexandre Faure, Jean-Claude Guillemin, Sophie Carles, Ludovic Biennier, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG ), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Atmospheres, Materials science, Analytical chemistry, Kinetic energy, chemistry, 7. Clean energy, Astrobiology, Ion, Atmosphere, Chemical kinetics, symbols.namesake, Atmosphere of Titan, Negative temperature, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Atmospheric temperature range, CRESU, Ionospheres, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], atmosphere, symbols, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Titan (rocket family), [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Titan, Molecular physics
Abstract: International audience; The Cassini-Huygens probe has uncovered the existence of a profusion of negatively charged molecular species in the upper atmosphere of Titan (˜950 km). The presence of large amounts of anions was unexpected and the chemical pathways leading to their formation mostly unknown. The investigation of the negative ion chemistry appears therefore to be a key factor for modeling Titan's upper atmosphere. We present here the first low temperature experimental kinetic study involving CN‑, proposed by Vuitton et al. (2009) to be one of the negative ions detected by the CAPS-ELS instrument onboard the Cassini spacecraft. The temperature dependence of the rate coefficient of the reaction CN‑ + HC3N, was explored over the 49-294 K temperature range in uniform supersonic flows using the CRESU technique. We find that the kinetics of this reaction is fast (k ≳ 4 × 10‑9 cm3 molecule‑1 s‑1) and presents a weak negative temperature dependence which, considering the experimental error bars, agrees with long-range based capture theory. We also observe that C3N‑ + HCN represents the main exit channel demonstrating that the studied reaction participates efficiently to the chemical growth of negative ions in the atmosphere of Titan.
Published: 2014
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26. Rotational spectrum of ethyl cyanoacetylene (C2H5C≡C-C≡N), a compound of potential astrochemical interest

Author: Jean-Claude Guillemin, Sophie Carles, Harald Møllendal, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry [Oslo] (CTCC), Department of Chemistry [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: molecular data, Context (language use), 010402 general chemistry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, methods: analytical, chemistry.chemical_compound, surveys, 0103 physical sciences, Cyanoacetylene, Physics::Chemical Physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Spectrometer, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astronomy and Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], methods: data analysis, 0104 chemical sciences, Interstellar medium, Dipole, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Atomic physics, Ground state, Molecular physics, Derivative (chemistry), techniques: spectroscopic
Abstract: International audience; Context. New radiotelescopes, such as the very sensitive ALMA, will enable the detection of interstellar molecules in much lower concentrations than previously possible. A successful identification of an interstellar molecule requires that laboratory microwave and millimeter-wave spectra are investigated. Several cyanopolyynes and alkynylcarbonitriles have already been detected in the interstellar medium (ISM). Cyanoacetylene (HC≡C-C≡N) is abundant in the ISM and its methyl derivative, 2-butynenitrile (CH3C≡C-C≡N), is also present. The next derivative, ethyl cyanoacetylene, (2-pentynenitrile C2H5C≡C-C≡N) may also be present in interstellar space. Aims. We report the rotational spectrum of the ethyl cyanoacetylene (C2H5C≡C-C≡N). This is hoped to facilitate identifying gaseous ethyl cyanoacetylene in the ISM. Methods. We studied the rotational spectrum of C2H5C≡C-C≡N between 13 and 116 GHz with the microwave spectrometer of the University of Oslo. The spectroscopic study was augmented by high-level quantum-chemical calculations at B3LYP/cc-pVTZ and CCSD/cc-pVTZ levels of theory. Results. We present for the first time the rotational spectrum of the ethyl cyanoacetylene (C2H5C≡C-C≡N). We assigned 342 transitions of the vibrational ground state, accurate values were obtained for rotational and centrifugal distortion constants, and the dipole moment was determined as well.
Published: 2013
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27. In-situ small-angle x-ray scattering study of nanoparticles in the plasma plume induced by pulsed laser irradiation of metallic targets

Author: James Mitchell, Sylvie Bourgeois, Valérie Potin, Javier Pérez, Jean-Marie Jouvard, M. Girault, L. Lavisse, J. Decloux, Sophie Carles, L. Hallo, J.L. Le Garrec, M.C. Marco de Lucas, H. Andrzejewski, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'études scientifiques et techniques d'Aquitaine ( CESTA ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Synchrotron SOLEIL ( SSOLEIL ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'études thermiques ( LET ), Université de Poitiers-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et d'Aérotechnique-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'études scientifiques et techniques d'Aquitaine (CESTA), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), SURFACE, Analytical chemistry, Nanoparticle, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Microscopy, 010302 applied physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS ] Physics [physics], Scattering, Small-angle X-ray scattering, Plasma plume, Plasma, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Transmission electron microscopy, TITANIUM, Small-angle scattering, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Import JabRef; International audience; Small angle x-ray scattering was used to probe in-situ the formation of nanoparticles in the plasma plume generated by pulsed laser irradiation of a titanium metal surface under atmospheric conditions. The size and morphology of the nanoparticles were characterized as function of laser irradiance. Two families of nanoparticles were identified with sizes on the order of 10 and 70 nm, respectively. These results were confirmed by ex-situ transmission electron microscopy experiments.
Published: 2012
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28. High-temperature emission spectroscopy of methane

Author: Robert Georges, Jean-Paul Champion, Jonathan Thiévin, Abdessamad Benidar, Sophie Carles, Bertrand R. Rowe, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DGA | Programme national Physico-Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire et Physique Stellaire, Institut de Physique de Rennes ( IPR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (ICB)
Subjects: Materials science, Thermodynamic equilibrium, Infrared, Infrared spectroscopy, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, [ SDU.ASTR ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Spectroscopy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Radiation, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Anharmonicity, Rotational–vibrational spectroscopy, CRESU, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Atomic physics, 0210 nano-technology, Molecular physics
Abstract: International audience; A high-enthalpy source (HES) has been developed in Rennes either to heat gases up to 2000K in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) or to generate hypersonic expansions. The HES prototype has been associated with a high-resolution Bruker IFS 120 HR Fourier transform spectrometer to record emission spectra of hot gases, in LTE conditions. A series of emission spectra of methane has been obtained at 1005, 1365, 1485, 1625 and 1820K in the pentad spectral region located around 3000 cm1, at Doppler-limited resolution (0.02 cm1). Spectra have been corrected for the transmission function that strongly affects the infrared radiation emitted by the hot gas. Line-integrated absorption cross sections have been extracted from the corrected spectra using an improved procedure for the calculation of the total partition function Q of methane at high temperature. This calculation included anharmonicity and rovibrational interaction effects, and was based on a multi-resolution fully converged direct partition sum. It has been shown that, as the temperature increases above 1000 K, the commonly used harmonic and rigid rotor double approximation to estimate Q leads to underestimated values.
Published: 2008
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29. Electron and ion reactions with hexamethyldisiloxane and pentamethyldisiloxane

Author: Sophie Carles, J. B. A. Mitchell, J.L. Le Garrec, Physique des atomes, lasers, molécules et surfaces (PALMS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Astrochimie expérimentale, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Hexamethyldisiloxane, Argon, Chemistry, Analytical chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Dissociation (chemistry), Ion, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Reaction rate constant, 0103 physical sciences, Mass spectrum, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, Chemical decomposition, Dissociative recombination
Abstract: International audience; The dissociative recombination of electrons with the hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) cation ((CH(3))(3)Si-O-Si(CH(3))(3))(+) and the pentamethyldisiloxane cation ((CH(3))(3)Si-O-Si(CH(2))(2))(+) as well as the ion-molecule reaction between Ar(+) and HMDSO have been studied at 300 K using a flowing afterglow Langmuir probe-mass spectrometer apparatus. The rate constants for these reactions, measured directly for the first time, are, respectively, alpha(1)=1.8 x 10(-6), alpha(2)=3.6 x 10(-6) cm(3)s, and k=2.0 x 10(-9) cm(3)s with uncertainties of +/-30%. In addition, the electronic attachment to neutral HMDSO was also studied and an upper limit value of the rate constant was determined to be beta=3.3 x 10(-11) cm(3)s.
Published: 2007
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30. Effet du faible poids de naissance, de la prématurité et de la croissance postnatale sur la pression artérielle et l’excrétion urinaire d’albumine chez l’enfant à 5ans

Author: Sophie Carles, Bénédicte Stengel, Anne Forhan, Jérémie Botton, Marion Taine, Barbara Heude, and M.-A. Charles
Subjects: Nephrology
Abstract: Introduction La prematurite et l’hypotrophie augmentent le risque d’hypertension arterielle et d’insuffisance renale chronique a l’âge adulte [1] , mais leur effet sur la pression arterielle et le rein chez l’enfant est mal connu. Nous avons etudie les relations de l’âge gestationnel (AG), du poids de naissance (PN) et de la croissance postnatale avec la pression arterielle systolique (PAS) et le ratio albumine/creatinine urinaire (RAC) a l’âge de 5 ans. Patients et methodes Dans une etude de cohorte mere–enfant initiee en 2003, 1120 enfants (54 % de garcons) ont ete suivis du 2e trimestre de la grossesse jusqu’a 5 ans. En moyenne, 17 mesures de poids ont ete recueillies par enfant permettant de predire les poids et les vitesses de croissance ponderale a tout âge. Trois mesures standardisees de PA et un dosage de RAC ont ete realisees a 5 ans. Afin d’eviter l’effet de confusion de la corpulence a 5 ans et le phenomene de reverse paradox qui en resulte dans l’analyse des relations avec le PN, nous avons transforme la PAS en un Z-score preajuste sur l’âge, le sexe, l’IMC et la taille a 5 ans. Le PN etait egalement considere en Z-score ajuste sur l’AG et le sexe. Resultats Le PN moyen etait de 3285 ± 510 g. A 5 ans, la PAS moyenne des garcons etait de 101,5 ± 0,3 mmHg, et des filles, 102,7 ± 0,3. Apres ajustement sur l’IMC et le statut d’hypertension de la mere avant la grossesse, un Z-score plus faible de PN etait associe a un Z-score plus eleve de PAS (beta = −0,06 ± 0,03, p = 0,03), sans interaction significative avec le sexe. Chez les enfants nes avec une hypotrophie, une croissance ponderale plus rapide entre 2 et 4 mois etait associee a un Z-score de PAS plus eleve (p = 0,009 a 0,09), mais pas apres 4 mois. Seuls les garcons nes prematurement avaient un risque accru d’albuminurie (> 1 mg/mmol) a 5 ans (OR = 2,5 [1,2 ; 5,5], p = 0,02). Discussion La PA et le RAC n’ont ete mesures qu’a un seul point dans le temps ce qui est une limite de l’etude. Conclusion Les enfants nes petits pour l’AG ont une PAS plus elevee des l’âge de 5 ans, ce d’autant que la croissance ponderale a ete plus rapide dans les premiers mois de vie. Ils meriteraient un suivi cardiorenal.
Published: 2015
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31. The ion–molecule reaction of O+ with N2 measured down to 23 K

Author: T. Speck, Bertrand R. Rowe, J-L. Le Garrec, James Mitchell, Sophie Carles, Eldon E. Ferguson, Physique des atomes, lasers, molécules et surfaces (PALMS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], 010304 chemical physics, Chemistry, Kinetics, Analytical chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Ion, Reaction rate constant, 0103 physical sciences, Physical chemistry, Molecule, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Order of magnitude, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: The rate constant of the O + +N 2 ion–molecule reaction has been measured from 225 down to 23 K with the CRESU technique. It has been found that the rate slightly increases when temperature decreases down to 23 K but remains two orders of magnitude below the Langevin rate. This indicates that the reaction does not occur via a long lived complex.
Published: 2003
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32. Rotational spectrum of 4-methylcyanoallene (CH3CH=C=CH-CN), a chiral molecule of potential astrochemical interest

Author: Yann Trolez, Sophie Carles, Jean-Claude Guillemin, Harald Møllendal, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry [Oslo] (CTCC), Department of Chemistry [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, molecular data, 010304 chemical physics, Spectrometer, Molecular cloud, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Context (language use), Astrophysics, methods: data analysis, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph], Spectral line, methods: analytical, Interstellar medium, surveys, Space and Planetary Science, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Molecule, Chirality (chemistry), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, techniques: spectroscopic
Abstract: International audience; Context. A successful identification of an interstellar compound requires that its spectrum has first been assigned in the laboratory. New and sensitive radiotelescopes, such as ALMA, will make it possible to detect interstellar molecules in much smaller concentrations than before. Cyanoallene (CH2=C=CH-CN) has recently been observed in the dense molecular cloud TMC-1 by means of its rotational spectrum. Its methyl congener, 4-methylcyanoallene (CH3CH=C=CH-CN), may also be present in the interstellar medium (ISM). This chiral compound exists in two forms, which are mirror images. Chirality is an essential feature of life. So far, no chiral compounds have been detected in the ISM. Aims. The synthesis and assignment of the rotational spectrum of CH3CH=C=CH-CN, will facilitate the potential detection of this compound in the ISM. Methods. The spectrum of 4-methylcyanoallene has been recorded between 13 and 116 GHz using the microwave spectrometer at the University of Oslo. The spectroscopic study has been augmented with high-level quantum chemical calculations at the B3LYP/cc-pVTZ and CCSD/cc-pVTZ levels of theory. Results. The rotational spectra of CH3CH=C=CH-CN in the ground vibrational state and in the first vibrationally excited state are reported for the first time and accurate spectroscopic constants have been obtained from a large number of transitions.
Published: 2014
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33. Laboratory measurements of the recombination of PAH ions with electrons: implications for the PAH charge state in interstellar clouds

Author: Bertrand R. Rowe, Oldrich Novotny, Anne Foutel-Richard, C. Rebrion-Rowe, Sophie Carles, Ludovic Biennier, Mohamed Alsayed-Ali, Physique des atomes, lasers, molécules et surfaces (PALMS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Department of Neurology, Faculty Hospital and Masaryk University Brno
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010304 chemical physics, Chemistry, Interstellar cloud, Acenaphthene, Electron, CRESU, Azulene, 01 natural sciences, Afterglow, Ion, Interstellar medium, chemistry.chemical_compound, 13. Climate action, Chemical physics, 0103 physical sciences, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Atomic physics, Molecular physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Recombination
Abstract: International audience; Laboratory measurements of the recombination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) ions with electrons are presented. Experimental data have been obtained at room temperature for azulene (C10H8) and acenaphthene (C12H10) cations by the Flowing Afterglow with PhotoIons method. The results confirm that the recombination of PAH ions is fast although well below the geometrical limit. The set of our recent and present measurements reveal a definite trend of increasing rate with the number of carbon atoms of the PAH. This behaviour that needs further characterization is potentially of great interest for charge state models as recombination is a dominant mechanism of PAH ion destruction in the interstellar medium. The design of experiments to measure the recombination of larger PAHs and their temperature dependence is discussed.
Published: 2006
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34. Réactions ion-molécule à basse température avec des écoulements supersoniques uniformes et investigations sur la chimie des environnements astrophysiques

Author: Mortada, Ahmad, Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Rennes 1, Ludovic Biennier, Sophie Carles, and STAR, ABES
Subjects: Laboratory astrophysics, Ionic processes, Collisions réactives, Chimie du milieu interstellaire, Atmosphère de Titan, Titan’s atmosphere, CRESU, [PHYS] Physics [physics], Chemistry of theinterstellar medium, Processusioniques, [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Reactive collisions, Astrophysique de laboratoire
Abstract: Understanding the mechanisms governing the formation of complex organic molecules in the interstellar medium and cold planetary atmospheres relies in particular on the exploration of ionic processes under extreme conditions. The CRESU-SIS experimental setup, developed to study ion-neutral reactions in the gas phase at low temperatures, is able to meet this challenge. This unique instrument, which combines a selective ion source (SIS) with the CRESU reactor which generates a uniform supersonic flow at very low temperature, makes it possible to measure the rate coefficients of the reactions between ions and neutral molecules and to determine the branching ratios between the different exit channels. The reactivity of N2+, Ar+, and H2CN+ ions with hydrocarbons (e.g CH4, C2H4 ...) has been studied experimentally and analyzed using quantum calculations. The reaction between N2+ and the linear isomers of C3H4 (allene and propyne) has been included into a photochemical model for the atmosphere of Titan., La compréhension des mécanismes régissant la formation des molécules organiques complexes dans le milieu interstellaire et les atmosphères planétaires froides repose notamment sur l’exploration de processus ioniques en conditions extrêmes. Le dispositif expérimental CRESU-SIS, développé pour étudier les réactions ion-neutres en phase gazeuse à basse températures, est en mesure de répondre à ce défi. Cet instrument unique, qui combine une source d’ions sélective (SIS) au réacteur CRESU qui génère un écoulement supersonique uniforme de très basse température, permet de mesurer les coefficients de vitesse de réactions entre des ions et des molécules neutres et de déterminer les rapports de branchement entre les différentes voies de sortie. La réactivité des ions N2+, Ar+, et CH2CN+ avec des hydrocarbures (e.g CH4, C2H4…) a été étudiée expérimentalement et analysée à l’aide de calculs quantiques. La réaction entre N2+ et les isomères linéaires de C3H4 (allene et propyne) a été incluse dans un modèle photochimique pour l’atmosphère de Titan.
Published: 2022

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34 results on '"Sophie Carles"'

1. The French National Animal Health Surveillance Platform: an innovative, cross-sector collaboration to improve surveillance system efficiency in France and a tangible example of the One Health approach

2. Dynamic reciprocal relationships between cognitive and functional declines along the Alzheimer’s disease continuum in the prospective COGICARE study

3. Evaluation of an unconditional cash transfer program targeting children's first-1,000-days linear growth in rural Togo: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

4. A Novel Method to Describe Early Offspring Body Mass Index (BMI) Trajectories and to Study Its Determinants.

5. Kinetics and Branching for the Reactions of N2+ with C3H4 Isomers at Low Temperatures and Implications for Titan’s Atmosphere

6. APOE ε4 and the influence of sex, age, vascular risk factors, and ethnicity on cognitive decline

7. A cross‐national study of depression in preclinical dementia: A COSMIC collaboration study

8. A mass-selective ion transfer line coupled with a uniform supersonic flow for studying ion-molecule reactions at low temperatures

9. High enthalpy source dedicated to quantitative infrared emission spectroscopy of gas flows at elevated temperatures

10. Demonstration of the branching ratio inversion for the electron attachment to phosphoryl chloride POCl3 in the gas phase between 300 and 200 K

11. Socioeconomic inequalities in weight, height and body mass index from birth to 5 years

12. Joint Bayesian weight and height postnatal growth model to study the effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy

13. Influence of infant feeding patterns over the first year of life on growth from birth to 5 years: Feeding patterns and growth in early childhood

14. Prospective associations between energy balance-related behaviors at 2 years of age and subsequent adiposity: the EDEN mother–child cohort

15. Étude de facteurs médiateurs modifiables de la relation entre le niveau d’études de la mère et le poids et la taille de l’enfant à la naissance

16. Association between genetic obesity susceptibility and mother‐reported eating behaviour in children up to 5 years

17. Phthalate pregnancy exposure and male offspring growth from the intra-uterine period to five years of age

18. Maternal Exposure to Mixtures of Food Chemicals in Relation with Offspring Birthweight and Postnatal Growth

19. Low-Temperature Reactivity of C2n+1N(-) Anions with Polar Molecules

20. Elusive anion growth in Titan’s atmosphere: low temperature kinetics of the C3N−− + HC3N reaction

21. Rapid Early Growth May Modulate the Association Between Birth Weight and Blood Pressure at 5 Years in the EDEN Cohort Study

22. Oxidation-Induced Surface Roughening of Aluminum Nanoparticles Formed in an Ablation Plume

23. Rotational Spectrum, Conformational Composition, and Quantum Chemical Calculations of Cyanomethyl Formate (HC(O)OCH 2 C≡N), a Compound of Potential Astrochemical Interest

24. Chemistry of nitrile anions in the interstellar medium

25. Low temperature reaction kinetics of CN‑ + HC3N and implications for the growth of anions in Titan's atmosphere

26. Rotational spectrum of ethyl cyanoacetylene (C2H5C≡C-C≡N), a compound of potential astrochemical interest

27. In-situ small-angle x-ray scattering study of nanoparticles in the plasma plume induced by pulsed laser irradiation of metallic targets

28. High-temperature emission spectroscopy of methane

29. Electron and ion reactions with hexamethyldisiloxane and pentamethyldisiloxane

30. Effet du faible poids de naissance, de la prématurité et de la croissance postnatale sur la pression artérielle et l’excrétion urinaire d’albumine chez l’enfant à 5ans

31. The ion–molecule reaction of O+ with N2 measured down to 23 K

32. Rotational spectrum of 4-methylcyanoallene (CH3CH=C=CH-CN), a chiral molecule of potential astrochemical interest

33. Laboratory measurements of the recombination of PAH ions with electrons: implications for the PAH charge state in interstellar clouds

34. Réactions ion-molécule à basse température avec des écoulements supersoniques uniformes et investigations sur la chimie des environnements astrophysiques

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34 results on '"Sophie Carles"'

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