Author: "Stéphane Bertagnoli" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Stéphane Bertagnoli"' showing total 76 results

Start Over Author "Stéphane Bertagnoli"

76 results on '"Stéphane Bertagnoli"'

1. Comment on Shah et al. Genetic Characteristics and Phylogeographic Dynamics of Lagoviruses, 1988–2021. Viruses 2023, 15, 815

Author: Joana Abrantes, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Patrizia Cavadini, Pedro J. Esteves, Dolores Gavier-Widén, Robyn N. Hall, Antonio Lavazza, Ghislaine Le Gall-Reculé, Jackie E. Mahar, Stéphane Marchandeau, and Ana M. Lopes
Subjects: Lagovirus europaeus, phylogeny, recombination, evolutionary analysis, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract: Shah and colleagues [...]
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Author Correction: A novel and sensitive real-time PCR system for universal detection of poxviruses

Author: Léa Luciani, Lucia Inchauste, Olivier Ferraris, Rémi Charrel, Antoine Nougairède, Géraldine Piorkowski, Christophe Peyrefitte, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Xavier de Lamballerie, and Stéphane Priet
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. A novel and sensitive real-time PCR system for universal detection of poxviruses

Author: Léa Luciani, Lucia Inchauste, Olivier Ferraris, Rémi Charrel, Antoine Nougairède, Géraldine Piorkowski, Christophe Peyrefitte, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Xavier de Lamballerie, and Stéphane Priet
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Success in smallpox eradication was enabled by the absence of non-human reservoir for smallpox virus. However, other poxviruses with a wider host spectrum can infect humans and represent a potential health threat to humans, highlighted by a progressively increasing number of infections by (re)emerging poxviruses, requiring new improved diagnostic and epidemiological tools. We describe here a real-time PCR assay targeting a highly conserved region of the poxvirus genome, thus allowing a pan-Poxvirus detection (Chordopoxvirinae and Entomopoxvirinae). This system is specific (99.8% for vertebrate samples and 99.7% for arthropods samples), sensitive (100% for vertebrate samples and 86.3% for arthropods samples) and presents low limit of detection (
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. An Update of Evidence for Pathogen Transmission by Ticks of the Genus Hyalomma

Author: Sarah I. Bonnet, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Alessandra Falchi, Julie Figoni, Johanna Fite, Thierry Hoch, Elsa Quillery, Sara Moutailler, Alice Raffetin, Magalie René-Martellet, Gwenaël Vourc’h, and Laurence Vial
Subjects: ticks, Hyalomma sp., tick-borne pathogens, vectorial competence, Medicine
Abstract: Current and likely future changes in the geographic distribution of ticks belonging to the genus Hyalomma are of concern, as these ticks are believed to be vectors of many pathogens responsible for human and animal diseases. However, we have observed that for many pathogens there are no vector competence experiments, and that the level of evidence provided by the scientific literature is often not sufficient to validate the transmission of a specific pathogen by a specific Hyalomma species. We therefore carried out a bibliographical study to collate the validation evidence for the transmission of parasitic, viral, or bacterial pathogens by Hyalomma spp. ticks. Our results show that there are very few validated cases of pathogen transmission by Hyalomma tick species.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Development and Optimization of Indirect ELISAs for the Detection of Anti-Capripoxvirus Antibodies in Cattle, Sheep, and Goat Sera

Author: Francisco J. Berguido, Esayas Gelaye, Yang Liu, Batdorj Davaasuren, Kiril Krstevski, Igor Djadjovski, Emiliya Ivanova, Gabriela Goujgoulova, Angelika Loitsch, Eeva Tuppurainen, Tesfaye Rufael Chibssa, Philippe Caufour, Milena Samojlović, Sava Lazić, Tamaš Petrović, Dejan Vidanović, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Reingard Grabherr, Adama Diallo, Giovanni Cattoli, and Charles Euloge Lamien
Subjects: capripoxvirus, iELISA, A34, A36, LSDV, SPPV, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Sheeppox (SPP), goatpox (GTP), and lumpy skin disease (LSD) are economically significant pox diseases of ruminants, caused by sheeppox virus (SPPV), goatpox virus (GTPV), and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), respectively. SPPV and GTPV can infect both sheep and goats, while LSDV mainly affects cattle. The recent emergence of LSD in Asia and Europe and the repeated incursions of SPP in Greece, Bulgaria, and Russia highlight how these diseases can spread outside their endemic regions, stressing the urgent need to develop high-throughput serological surveillance tools. We expressed and tested two recombinant truncated proteins, the capripoxvirus homologs of the vaccinia virus C-type lectin-like protein A34 and the EEV glycoprotein A36, as antigens for an indirect ELISA (iELISA) to detect anti-capripoxvirus antibodies. Since A34 outperformed A36 by showing no cross-reactivity to anti-parapoxvirus antibodies, we optimized an A34 iELISA using two different working conditions, one for LSD in cattle and one for SPP/GTP in sheep and goats. Both displayed sound sensitivities and specificities: 98.81% and 98.72%, respectively, for the LSD iELISA, and 97.68% and 95.35%, respectively, for the SPP/GTP iELISA, and did not cross-react with anti-parapoxvirus antibodies of cattle, sheep, and goats. These assays could facilitate the implementation of capripox control programs through serosurveillance and the screening of animals for trade.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

6. Cowpox Virus: A New and Armed Oncolytic Poxvirus

Author: Marine Ricordel, Johann Foloppe, Christelle Pichon, Nathalie Sfrontato, Delphine Antoine, Caroline Tosch, Sandrine Cochin, Pascale Cordier, Eric Quemeneur, Christelle Camus-Bouclainville, Stéphane Bertagnoli, and Philippe Erbs
Subjects: Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Oncolytic virus therapy has recently been recognized as a promising new therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. In this study, we are proposing for the first time to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo oncolytic capacities of the Cowpox virus (CPXV). To improve the tumor selectivity and oncolytic activity, we developed a thymidine kinase (TK)-deleted CPXV expressing the suicide gene FCU1, which converts the non-toxic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) into cytotoxic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 5-fluorouridine-5′-monophosphate (5-FUMP). This TK-deleted virus replicated efficiently in human tumor cell lines; however, it was notably attenuated in normal primary cells, thus displaying a good therapeutic index. Furthermore, this new recombinant poxvirus rendered cells sensitive to 5-FC. In vivo, after systemic injection in mice, the TK-deleted variant caused significantly less mortality than the wild-type strain. A biodistribution study demonstrated high tumor selectivity and low accumulation in normal tissues. In human xenograft models of solid tumors, the recombinant CPXV also displayed high replication, inducing relevant tumor growth inhibition. This anti-tumor effect was improved by 5-FC co-administration. These results demonstrated that CPXV is a promising oncolytic vector capable of expressing functional therapeutic transgenes. Keywords: cowpox, oncolytic, armed
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

7. Large-scale lagovirus disease outbreaks in European brown hares (Lepus europaeus) in France caused by RHDV2 strains spatially shared with rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Author: Ghislaine Le Gall-Reculé, Evelyne Lemaitre, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Céline Hubert, Sokunthea Top, Anouk Decors, Stéphane Marchandeau, and Jean-Sébastien Guitton
Subjects: Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract: Abstract Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is a lagovirus that causes rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). In 2010, a new genotype called RHDV2 emerged in France. It exhibits a larger host range than classical RHDV strains by sporadically infecting different hare species, including the European hare (Lepus europaeus). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that closely related RHDV2 strains circulate locally in both hares and rabbits, and therefore that RHDV2 strains infecting hares do not belong to a lineage that has evolved only in this species. We showed that RHDV2 is widely distributed in France and that it was responsible for more than a third of cases of lagovirus disease in European hare populations in 2015. The oldest RHDV2 positive hare was sampled in November 2013 and we reported two hares co-infected by EBHSV and RHDV2. All together, our results raise important epidemiological and evolutionary issues. In particular, along with the potential emergence of recombinant EBHSV/RHDV2 strains in hares, the enlargement of the host range changes the host population structure of RHDV2 and may alter the impact of the virus on rabbit and hare populations.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Fluorescent Tagged Vaccinia Virus Genome Allows Rapid and Efficient Measurement of Oncolytic Potential and Discovery of Oncolytic Modulators

Author: Franck Gallardo, Doris Schmitt, Renée Brandely, Catherine Brua, Nathalie Silvestre, Annie Findeli, Johann Foloppe, Sokunthea Top, Sandrine Kappler-Gratias, Charlotte Quentin-Froignant, Renaud Morin, Jean-Michel Lagarde, Kerstin Bystricky, Stéphane Bertagnoli, and Philippe Erbs
Subjects: oncolytic vaccinia virus, poxvirus modulators, fluorescence labeling, live cell imaging, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: As a live biologic agent, oncolytic vaccinia virus has the ability to target and selectively amplify at tumor sites. We have previously reported that deletion of thymidine kinase and ribonucleotide reductase genes in vaccinia virus can increase the safety and efficacy of the virus. Here, to allow direct visualization of the viral genome in living cells, we incorporated the ANCH target sequence and the OR3-Santaka gene in the double-deleted vaccinia virus. Infection of human tumor cells with ANCHOR3-tagged vaccinia virus enables visualization and quantification of viral genome dynamics in living cells. The results show that the ANCHOR technology permits the measurement of the oncolytic potential of the double deleted vaccinia virus. Quantitative analysis of infection kinetics and of viral DNA replication allow rapid and efficient identification of inhibitors and activators of oncolytic activity. Our results highlight the potential application of the ANCHOR technology to track vaccinia virus and virtually any kind of poxvirus in living cells.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Evaluation of the Antiviral Activity of Sephin1 Treatment and Its Consequences on eIF2α Phosphorylation in Response to Viral Infections

Author: Maxime Fusade-Boyer, Gabriel Dupré, Pierre Bessière, Samira Khiar, Charlotte Quentin-Froignant, Cécile Beck, Sylvie Lecollinet, Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti, Jean-François Eléouët, Frédéric Tangy, Barbora Lajoie, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Pierre-Olivier Vidalain, Franck Gallardo, and Romain Volmer
Subjects: PKR, GADD34, PPP1R15A, virus, antiviral, eIF2α, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract: The guanabenz derivative Sephin1 has recently been proposed to increase the levels of translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) phosphorylation by inhibiting dephosphorylation by the protein phosphatase 1—GADD34 (PPP1R15A) complex. As phosphorylation of eIF2α by protein kinase R (PKR) is a prominent cellular antiviral pathway, we evaluated the consequences of Sephin1 treatment on virus replication. Our results provide evidence that Sephin1 downregulates replication of human respiratory syncytial virus, measles virus, human adenovirus 5 virus, human enterovirus D68, human cytomegalovirus, and rabbit myxoma virus. However, Sephin1 proved to be inactive against influenza virus, as well as against Japanese encephalitis virus. Sephin1 increased the levels of phosphorylated eIF2α in cells exposed to a PKR agonist. By contrast, in virus-infected cells, the levels of phosphorylated eIF2α did not always correlate with the inhibition of virus replication by Sephin1. This work identifies Sephin1 as an antiviral molecule in cell culture against RNA, as well as DNA viruses belonging to phylogenetically distant families.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

10. A simple method to estimate the number of doses to include in a bank of vaccines. The case of Lumpy Skin Disease in France.

Author: Jordi Casal, Claude Saegerman, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Gilles Meyer, Jean Pierre Ganière, Philippe Caufour, Kris De Clercq, Philippe Jacquiet, Claire Hautefeuille, Florence Etore, and Sebastián Napp
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: A simple method to estimate the size of the vaccine bank needed to control an epidemic of an exotic infectious disease in case of introduction into a country is presented. The method was applied to the case of a Lumpy Skin disease (LSD) epidemic in France. The size of the stock of vaccines needed was calculated based on a series of simple equations that use some trigonometric functions and take into account the spread of the disease, the time required to obtain good vaccination coverage and the cattle density in the affected region. Assuming a 7-weeks period to vaccinate all the animals and a spread of the disease of 7.3 km/week, the vaccination of 740 716 cattle would be enough to control an epidemic of LSD in France in 90% of the simulations (608 196 cattle would cover 75% of the simulations). The results of this simple method were then validated using a dynamic simulation model, which served as reference for the calculation of the vaccine stock required. The differences between both models in different scenarios, related with the time needed to vaccinate the animals, ranged from 7% to 10.5% more vaccines using the simple method to cover 90% of the simulations, and from 9.0% to 13.8% for 75% of the simulations. The model is easy to use and may be adapted for the control of different diseases in different countries, just by using some simple formulas and few input data.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

11. Benefit–Cost Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccination at the Farm-Level in South Vietnam

Author: Dinh Bao Truong, Flavie Luce Goutard, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Alexis Delabouglise, Vladimir Grosbois, and Marisa Peyre
Subjects: animal health economics, benefit-cost analysis, evaluation, financial analysis, foot-and-mouth disease, vaccination, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the financial impact of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks in cattle at the farm-level and the benefit–cost ratio (BCR) of biannual vaccination strategy to prevent and eradicate FMD for cattle in South Vietnam. Production data were collected from 49 small-scale dairy farms, 15 large-scale dairy farms, and 249 beef farms of Long An and Tay Ninh province using a questionaire. Financial data of FMD impacts were collected using participatory tools in 37 villages of Long An province. The net present value, i.e., the difference between the benefits (additional revenue and saved costs) and costs (additional costs and revenue foregone), of FMD vaccination in large-scale dairy farms was 2.8 times higher than in small-scale dairy farms and 20 times higher than in beef farms. The BCR of FMD vaccination over 1 year in large-scale dairy farms, small-scale dairy farms, and beef farms were 11.6 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 6.42–16.45], 9.93 (95% CI 3.45–16.47), and 3.02 (95% CI 0.76–7.19), respectively. The sensitivity analysis showed that varying the vaccination cost had more effect on the BCR of cattle vaccination than varying the market price. This benefit-cost analysis of biannual vaccination strategy showed that investment in FMD prevention can be financially profitable, and therefore sustainable, for dairy farmers. For beef cattle, it is less certain that vaccination is profitable. Additional benefit-cost analysis study of vaccination strategies at the national-level would be required to evaluate and adapt the national strategy to achieve eradication of this disease in Vietnam.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

12. Risk of introduction of lumpy skin disease in France by the import of vectors in animal trucks.

Author: Claude Saegerman, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Gilles Meyer, Jean-Pierre Ganière, Philippe Caufour, Kris De Clercq, Philippe Jacquiet, Guillaume Fournié, Claire Hautefeuille, Florence Etore, and Jordi Casal
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: BACKGROUND:The lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a dsDNA virus belonging to the Poxviridae family and the Capripoxvirus genus. Lumpy skin diseases (LSD) is a highly contagious transboundary disease in cattle producing major economic losses. In 2014, the disease was first reported in the European Union (in Cyprus); it was then reported in 2015 (in Greece) and has spread through different Balkan countries in 2016. Indirect vector transmission is predominant at small distances, but transmission between distant herds and between countries usually occurs through movements of infected cattle or through vectors found mainly in animal trucks. METHODS AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:In order to estimate the threat for France due to the introduction of vectors found in animal trucks (cattle or horses) from at-risk countries (Balkans and neighbours), a quantitative import risk analysis (QIRA) model was developed according to the international standard. Using stochastic QIRA modelling and combining experimental/field data and expert opinion, the yearly risk of LSDV being introduced by stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans), that travel in trucks transporting animals was between 6 x 10-5 and 5.93 x 10-3 with a median value of 89.9 x 10-5; it was mainly due to the risk related to insects entering farms in France from vehicles transporting cattle from the at-risk area. The risk related to the transport of cattle going to slaughterhouses or the transport of horses was much lower (between 2 x 10-7 and 3.73 x 10-5 and between 5 x 10-10 and 3.95 x 10-8 for cattle and horses, respectively). The disinsectisation of trucks transporting live animals was important to reduce this risk. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE:The development of a stochastic QIRA made it possible to quantify the risk of LSD being introduced in France through the import of vectors that travel in trucks transporting animals. This tool is of prime importance because the LSD situation in the Balkans is continuously changing. Indeed, this model can be updated to process new information on vectors and the changing health situation, in addition to new data from the TRAde Control and Expert System (TRACES, EU database). This model is easy to adapt to different countries and to other vectors and diseases.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. A Q Method Approach to Evaluating Farmers’ Perceptions of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccination in Vietnam

Author: Dinh Bao Truong, Aurélie Binot, Marisa Peyre, Ngoc Hai Nguyen, Stéphane Bertagnoli, and Flavie Luce Goutard
Subjects: vaccination, farmers’ perceptions, foot-and-mouth disease, participatory methods, Q methodology, discourse, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract: This study aims to explore the farmers’ perceptions of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination using a reflexive research method called Q methodology. A structured sample was composed of 46 farmers selected according to gender, farming experience, level of education, and production type. Statements relevant to the farmers’ perceptions of and attitudes toward FMD vaccination, related to confidence, logistics, costs, and impacts of vaccination were developed. Results were analyzed by principal component analysis and factor analysis. The influence of demographics and characterized variables on the respondent’s contribution to each factor was also tested. Regarding the different beliefs and behavior toward FMD vaccination, the common perceptions held by Vietnamese cattle and pig farmers were divided into three discourses named Confidence (24 subjects), Belief (12 subjects), and Challenge (6 subjects). The identified discourses represented 57.3% of the variances. Consensus points were found, such as the feeling of being more secure after FMD vaccination campaigns; the fact that farmers take vaccination decisions themselves without being influenced by other stakeholders; the opinion that FMD vaccination is cheaper than the costs of treating a sick animal; and that vaccines provided by governmental authorities are of high quality. Part of the studied population did not consider vaccination to be the first choice strategy in prevention. This raises the question of how to improve the active participation of farmers in the FMD vaccine strategy. Taking into consideration farmers’ perceptions can help to implement feasible vaccination strategies at the local level.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

14. Hepatitis E Virus Strains in Rabbits and Evidence of a Closely Related Strain in Humans, France

Author: Jacques Izopet, Martine Dubois, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Sébastien Lhomme, Stéphane Marchandeau, Samuel Boucher, Nassim Kamar, Florence Abravanel, and Jean-Luc Guérin
Subjects: Hepatitis E virus, rabbit, zoonosis, virus, zoonoses, viruses, Europe, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) strains from rabbits indicate that these mammals may be a reservoir for HEVs that cause infection in humans. To determine HEV prevalence in rabbits and the strains’ genetic characteristics, we tested bile, liver, and additional samples from farmed and wild rabbits in France. We detected HEV RNA in 7% (14/200) of bile samples from farmed rabbits (in 2009) and in 23% (47/205) of liver samples from wild rabbits (in 2007–2010). Full-length genomic sequences indicated that all rabbit strains belonged to the same clade (nucleotide sequences 72.2%–78.2% identical to HEV genotypes 1–4). Comparison with HEV sequences of human strains and reference sequences identified a human strain closely related to rabbit strain HEV. We found a 93-nt insertion in the X domain of open reading frame 1 of the human strain and all rabbit HEV strains. These findings indicate that the host range of HEV in Europe is expanding and that zoonotic transmission of HEV from rabbits is possible.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Genome Sequence of SG33 Strain and Recombination between Wild-Type and Vaccine Myxoma Viruses

Author: Christelle Camus-Bouclainville, Magalie Gretillat, Robert Py, Jacqueline Gelfi, Jean-Luc Guérin, and Stéphane Bertagnoli
Subjects: Viruses, myxoma virus, Poxviridae, vaccines, rabbits, genetic recombination, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Myxomatosis in Europe is the result of the release of a South America strain of myxoma virus in 1952. Several attenuated strains with origins in South America or California have since been used as vaccines in the rabbit industry. We sequenced the genome of the SG33 myxoma virus vaccine strain and compared it with those of other myxoma virus strains. We show that SG33 genome carries a large deletion in its right end. Furthermore, our data strongly suggest that the virus isolate from which SG33 is derived results from an in vivo recombination between a wild-type South America (Lausanne) strain and a California MSD-derived strain. These findings raise questions about the use of insufficiently attenuated virus in vaccination.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

16. Emergence of Pathogenicity in Lagoviruses: Evolution from Pre-existing Nonpathogenic Strains or through a Species Jump?

Author: Pedro José Esteves, Joana Abrantes, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Patrizia Cavadini, Dolores Gavier-Widén, Jean-Sébastien Guitton, Antonio Lavazza, Evelyne Lemaitre, Jérôme Letty, Ana Margarida Lopes, Aleksija S Neimanis, Nathalie Ruvoën-Clouet, Jacques Le Pendu, Stéphane Marchandeau, and Ghislaine Le Gall-Reculé
Subjects: Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Risk of Monkeypox virus (MPXV) transmission through the handling and consumption of food

Author: Estelle Chaix, Mickaël Boni, Laurent Guillier, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Alexandra Mailles, Catherine Collignon, Pauline Kooh, Olivier Ferraris, Sandra Martin-Latil, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, Nadia Haddad, Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Laboratoire de sécurité des aliments de Maisons-Alfort (LSAl), Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence (Centre National de Référence) - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (National Reference Center) (CIBU), Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques (BIPAR), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, and Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Infectious Diseases, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, Epidemiology, Food, Poxvirus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Transmission, Monkeypox, Monkeypox virus, Recommendations
Abstract: This paper was prepared thanks to the collective expertise carried out by the ANSES emergency collective expert appraisal group (GECU) “Monkeypox – Food” (ANSES opinion no 2022-SA-0110), chaired by Nadia Haddad, and whose members are cited in the authors.; International audience; Monkeypox (MPX) is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Monkeypox virus (MPXV), an enveloped DNA virus belonging to the Poxviridae family and the Orthopoxvirus genus. Since early May 2022, a growing number of human cases of Monkeypox have been reported in non-endemic countries, with no history of contact with animals imported from endemic and enzootic areas, or travel to an area where the virus usually circulated before May 2022. This qualitative risk assessment aimed to investigate the probability that MPXV transmission occurs through food during its handling and consumption. The risk assessment used “top-down” (based on epidemiological data) and “bottom-up” (following the agent through the food chain to assess the risk of foodborne transmission to human) approaches, which were combined. The “top-down” approach first concluded that bushmeat was the only food suspected as a source of contamination in recorded cases of MPXV, by contact or ingestion. The “bottom-up” approach then evaluated the chain of events required for a human to become ill after handling or consuming food. This approach involves several conditions: (i) the food must be contaminated with MPXV (naturally, by an infected handler or after contact with a contaminated surface); (ii) the food must contain viable virus when it reaches the handler or consumer; (iii) the person must be exposed to the virus and; (iv) the person must be infected after exposure. Throughout the risk assessment, some data gaps were identified and highlighted. The conclusions of the top-down and bottom-up approaches are consistent and suggest that the risk of transmission of MPXV through food is hypothetical and that such an occurrence was never reported. In case of contamination, cooking (e.g., 12 min at 70°C) could be considered effective in inactivating Poxviridae in foods. Recommendations for risk management are proposed. To our knowledge, this is the first risk assessment performed on foodborne transmission of MPXV.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Phylodynamic Study of the Conserved RNA Structure Encompassing the Hemagglutinin Cleavage Site Encoding Region of H5 and H7 Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses

Author: Romain Volmer, Claire Hoede, Gabriel Dupré, Pierre Bessière, Thomas Figueroa, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Christine Gaspin, Mariette F. Ducatez, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), This work was funded by a grant from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-16-CE35-0005) to Romain Volmer. Pierre Bessière was supported by a Ph.D. scholarship funded by the Region Occitanie (France) and by the 'Chaire de Biosécurité' at the 'École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse' (French Ministry of Agriculture). Gabriel Dupré is supported by Ph.D. scholarship fundedby the French Ministry of Research and Education., ANR-16-CE35-0005,RuleOfThree,Emergence de virus Influenza aviaires hautement pathogènes dans le contexte de la triade hôte-microbiote-virus(2016), Hoede, Claire, Emergence de virus Influenza aviaires hautement pathogènes dans le contexte de la triade hôte-microbiote-virus - - RuleOfThree2016 - ANR-16-CE35-0005 - AAPG2016 - VALID, Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRAE), and Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)
Subjects: Hemagglutinin (influenza), Cleavage (embryo), medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, evolution, medicine, [SDV.BID.EVO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Nucleic acid structure, RNA structure, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, virus diseases, Low pathogenic, Influenza A virus subtype H5N1, 3. Good health, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, biology.protein, influenza
Abstract: Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) evolve from low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) of the H5 and H7 subtypes. This evolution is characterized by the acquisition of a multi-basic cleavage site (MBCS) motif in the hemagglutinin (HA) that leads to an extended viral tropism and severe disease in poultry. One key unanswered question is whether the risk of transition to HPAIVs is similar for all LPAIVs H5 or H7 strains, or whether specific determinants in the HA sequence of some H5 or H7 LPAIV strains correlate with a higher risk of transition to HPAIVs. Here, we determined if specific features of the conserved RNA stem-loop located at the HA cleavage site-encoding region could be detected along the LPAIV to HPAIV evolutionary pathway. Analysis of the thermodynamic stability of the predicted RNA structures showed no specific patterns common to HA sequences leading to HPAIVs and distinct from those remaining LPAIVs. However, RNA structure clustering analysis revealed that most of the American lineage ancestors leading to H7 emergences via recombination shared the same viral RNA (vRNA) structure topology at the HA1/HA2 boundary region. Our study thus identified predicted secondary RNA structures present in the HA of H7 viruses, which could promote genetic recombination and acquisition of a multibasic cleavage site motif (MBCS).
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

19. A Novel Imaging Approach for Single-Cell Real-Time Analysis of Oncolytic Virus Replication and Efficacy in Cancer Cells

Author: Agathe Redouté, Louis Buscail, Charlotte Quentin-Froignant, Pierre Cordelier, Sokunthea Top, Sandrine Kappler-Gratias, Nelson Dusetti, Lorraine Quillien, Christelle Camus-Bouclainville, Franck Gallardo, Hubert Lulka, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NeoVirTech SAS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], This study was supported by grants from CHU Toulouse (L.Q.) and Fonroga Fondation (A.R.). This study was supported from a BPI France funding (I-Lab) (S.T., SK-G) and TheradPox (EU)., European Project: 32586,THERADPOX, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, pancreatic cancer, Myxoma virus, Adenocarcinoma, Biology, Virus Replication, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Live cell imaging, Pancreatic cancer, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Protein oligomerization, ANCHOR system, education, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, oncolytic virus, Oncolytic Virotherapy, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, live imaging, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Fusion protein, 3. Good health, Oncolytic virus, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Oncolytic Viruses, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer cell, Cancer research, Molecular Medicine
Abstract: International audience; Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are novel cancer gene therapies that are moving toward the forefront of modern medicines. However, their full therapeutic potential is hindered by the lack of convenient and reliable strategies to visualize and quantify OV growth kinetics and therapeutic efficacy in live cells. In this study, we present an innovative imaging approach for single-cell real-time analysis of OV replication and efficacy in cancer cells. We selected SG33 as a prototypic new OV that derives from wild-type Myxoma virus (MYXV). Lausanne Toulouse 1 (T1) was used as control. We equipped SG33 and T1 genomes with the ANCHOR system and infected a panel of cell lines. The ANCHOR system is composed of a fusion protein (OR-GFP) that specifically binds to a short nonrepetitive DNA target sequence (ANCH) and spreads onto neighboring sequences by protein oligomerization. Its accumulation on the tagged viral DNA results in the creation of fluorescent foci. We found that (1) SG33 and T1-ANCHOR DNA can be readily detected and quantified by live imaging, (2) both OVs generate perinuclear replication foci after infection clustering into horse-shoe shape replication centers, and (3) SG33 replicates to higher levels as compared with T1. Lastly, as a translational proof of concept, we benchmarked SG33 replication and oncolytic efficacy in primary cancer cells derived from pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) both at the population and at the single-cell levels. In vivo, SG33 significantly replicates in experimental tumors to inhibit tumor growth. Collectively, we provide herein for the first time a novel strategy to quantify each step of OV infection in live cells and in real time by tracking viral DNA and provide first evidence of theranostic strategies for PDAC patients. Thus, this approach has the potential to rationalize the use of OVs for the benefit of patients with incurable diseases.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. Fluorescent Tagged Vaccinia Virus Genome Allows Rapid and Efficient Measurement of Oncolytic Potential and Discovery of Oncolytic Modulators

Author: Johann Foloppe, Charlotte Quentin-Froignant, Sokunthea Top, J. M. Lagarde, Nathalie Silvestre, Philippe Erbs, Renée Brandely, Doris Schmitt, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Annie Findeli, Franck Gallardo, Sandrine Kappler-Gratias, Kerstin Bystricky, Renaud Morin, Catherine Brua, Institut des Technologies Avancées en sciences du Vivant (ITAV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NeoVirTech SAS, Transgene SA [Illkirch], Imactiv-3D, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Laboratoire de biologie moléculaire eucaryote (LBME), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and This work was supported by BPI France through the ILab program. C.Q.F. is recipient of an Industrial Training Convention for Research (CIFRE) doctoral fellowship.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medicine (miscellaneous), Biology, fluorescence labeling, Genome, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Virus, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Live cell imaging, Gene, lcsh:QH301-705.5, poxvirus modulators, Virology, 3. Good health, Oncolytic virus, live cell imaging, 030104 developmental biology, Ribonucleotide reductase, chemistry, lcsh:Biology (General), Thymidine kinase, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Vaccinia, oncolytic vaccinia virus
Abstract: International audience; As a live biologic agent, oncolytic vaccinia virus has the ability to target and selectively amplify at tumor sites. We have previously reported that deletion of thymidine kinase and ribonucleotide reductase genes in vaccinia virus can increase the safety and efficacy of the virus. Here, to allow direct visualization of the viral genome in living cells, we incorporated the ANCH target sequence and the OR3-Santaka gene in the double-deleted vaccinia virus. Infection of human tumor cells with ANCHOR3-tagged vaccinia virus enables visualization and quantification of viral genome dynamics in living cells. The results show that the ANCHOR technology permits the measurement of the oncolytic potential of the double deleted vaccinia virus. Quantitative analysis of infection kinetics and of viral DNA replication allow rapid and efficient identification of inhibitors and activators of oncolytic activity. Our results highlight the potential application of the ANCHOR technology to track vaccinia virus and virtually any kind of poxvirus in living cells.
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

21. Risk of introduction of Lumpy Skin Disease into France through imports of cattle

Author: Claire Hautefeuille, Philippe Jacquiet, Claude Saegerman, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Jean-Pierre Ganiere, Kris De Clercq, Gilles Meyer, Philippe Caufour, Jordi Casal, Florence Etore, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire [Liège], Members of the Expert Committee for Animal Health and Welfare, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Sciensano [Bruxelles], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal [UAB, Spain] (CReSA), and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)-Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA)
Subjects: Lumpy Skin Disease, Cattle Diseases, L73 - Maladies des animaux, Capripoxvirus, Disease Outbreaks, law.invention, 0403 veterinary science, Communicable Diseases, Imported, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, law, Risk analysis (business), Socioeconomics, Chèvre, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Virus, 3. Good health, Lumpy skin disease virus, Transmission (mechanics), Geography, France, Risk assessment, 040301 veterinary sciences, Spread, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, Lumpy skin disease, medicine, Animals, Transmission, Surveillance épidémiologique, Transmission des maladies, Probability, 030304 developmental biology, Stochastic Processes, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, Méthode statistique, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, Outbreak, Modèle de simulation, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Vector (epidemiology), Cattle
Abstract: International audience; The lumpy skin disease (LSD) virus belongs to the genus Capripoxvirus and causes a disease in cattle with economic impacts. In November 2014, the disease was first reported in Europe (in Cyprus); it was then reported in Greece (in August 2015) and has spread through different Balkan countries since 2016. Although vector transmission is predominant in at-risk areas, long-distance transmission usually occurs through movements of infected cattle. In order to estimate the threat for France, a quantitative import risk analysis (QIRA) model was developed to assess the risk of LSD being introduced into France by imports of cattle. Based on available information and using a stochastic model, the probability of a first outbreak of LSD in France following the import of batches of infected live cattle for breeding or fattening was estimated to be 5.4 x 10(-4) (95% probability interval [PI]: 0.4 x 10(-4); 28.7 x 10(-4)) in summer months (during high vector activity) and 1.8 x 10(-4) (95% PI: 0.14 x 10(-4); 15 x 10(-4)) in winter months. The development of a stochastic QIRA made it possible to quantify the risk of LSD being introduced into France through imports of live cattle. This tool is of prime importance because the LSD situation in the Balkans is continuously changing. Indeed, this model can be updated to process new information on the changing health situation in addition to new data from the TRAde Control and Expert System (TRACES, EU database). This model is easy to adapt to different countries and to other diseases.
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

22. Proposal for a unified classification system and nomenclature of lagoviruses

Author: Stéphane Marchandeau, Sara Marques, Ana M. Lopes, John Kovaliski, Beata Hukowska-Szematowicz, Aleksija Neimanis, Greg Mutze, Pedro J. Esteves, Francisco Parra, Paula G. Ferreira, Carlos Rouco, John-Sebastian Eden, Dolores Gavier-Widén, Sacramento Moreno, Nathalie Ruvoën-Clouet, Fernando Alda, Tanja Strive, Peter J. Kerr, Fang Wang, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Juan Bárcena, David Peacock, Brian Cooke, Miguel Delibes Mateos, Alves Paulo Célio, Joana Abrantes, Ghislaine Le Gall-Reculé, Galina Burmakina, Tereza Almeida, Eliane Silva, Jacques Le Pendu, Gertrudes Thompson, Aarón Martin-Alonso, Diogo Silvério, Raquel M. Marques, Jackie E. Mahar, Pedro Monterroso, Esther Blanco, Kevin P. Dalton, Beata Tokarz-Deptuła, Catarina Ferreira, David Gonçalves, Wiesław Deptuła, Mara Rocchi, Patrizia Cavadini, Robin Hall, Alexander Malogolovkin, Pilar Foronda, Jean Sébastien Guitton, Paulina Niedzwiedzka-Rystwej, Antonio Lavazza, Carlos Calvete, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Région des Pays de la Loire, European Commission, Ministero della Salute, Swedish Research Council, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Centre de recherche de Cancérologie et d'Immunologie / Nantes - Angers (CRCINA), Université d'Angers (UA) - Université de Nantes (UN) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes (IRS-UN) - Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes [CHU Nantes], Centro de Investigacao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), Universidade do Porto [Porto], ENVT, Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, Department of Studies and Research, National Hunting and Wildlife Agency (ONCFS), Unité de virologie, Immunologie, Parasitologie, Aviaires et Cunicoles, Université européenne de Bretagne (UEB) - Anses - Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail, Faculty of Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Imperial College London, Louisiana State University [Baton Rouge], Departamento de Biologia [Porto, Portugal], Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Centro de Investigacion en Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal, National Research Institute of Veterinary Virology and Microbiology, Animal Production and Health Division, Food and Agriculture Organization, Proteomic and Virology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Invasive Animals CRC and Institute of Applied Ecology, Room 3C44, University of Canberra, Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal y Ecologia, Department of Microbiology [Szczecin, Poland], University of Szczecin - Faculty of Biology [Poland], Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney [Sydney], Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences, University Institute of Tropical Diseases 65 and Public Health of the Canary Islands., Department of Pathology and Wildlife Diseases, National Veterinary Institute (Sweden) (SVA), Health and Biosecurity [Canberra, ACT, Australia] (CSIRO), University of Szczecin, Primary Industries and Regions SA [Adelaide, SA, Australia], Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre [Bruce, ACT, Australia], Department of Anatomy [Porto, Portugal] (Unit for Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research), Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute - University of Porto, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO-UP), Universidade do Porto [Porto] - CESPU, Dpt. Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pediatrics, Preventive Medicine & Public Health, Toxicology, Forensic Medicine and Parasitology., Universidad de La Laguna - ULL [Canary Islands, Spain], Ethology and Biodiversity Conservation Department [Seville, Spain], Doñana biological station - CSIC (SPAIN), Department of Immunology [Szczecin, Poland], Moredun Research Institute [Midlothian, UK], Pentlands Science Park, Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Universidade do Porto [Porto] - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde [Gandra, Portugal], Cespu-cooperativa De Ensino Superior Politécnico Universitário Crl (CESPU), This work was supported in part by a grant from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), CALILAGO and by a grant from the Région des Pays de la Loire (France) ARMINA to JLP. It was performed within the framework of the ECALEP project selected during the 2nd joint call of the Animal Health and Welfare ERA-Net (Anihwa) initiative, a Coordination Action funded under the European Commission’s ERA-Net scheme within the Seventh Framework Programme (Contract No. 291815). The ECALEP project is funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), the Ministry of Health, Dept. for Veterinary Public Health, Nutrition & Food Safety (Italy) and the Research council FORMAS (Sweden). FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology, Portugal, supported the FCT Investigator grant of JA (ref. IF/01396/2013) and the Post-doc grant of AML (SFRH/BPD/115211/2016)., ANR-12-ISV7-0003, CALILAGO, Evaluation de la virulence du RHDV et mécanismes de résistance de l'hôte(2012), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Universidade do Porto, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage (ONCFS), ONCFS, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Swedish Defence Research Agency [Stockholm] (FOI), Louisiana State University (LSU), Centro de Investigacion en Sanidad Animal (INIA-CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria = National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 'Bruno Ubertini' (IZSLER), Departamento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Biologia, Universidad de Sevilla, The University of Sydney, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biology, Trent university, Ontario, Canada, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Universidade do Porto-Universidade do Porto, National Veterinary Institute [Uppsala] (SVA), Universidade do Porto-CESPU, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Moredun Research Institute [Penicuik, UK] (MRI), Departamento de Zoología, Universidad de Córdoba [Cordoba], Universidade do Porto-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), ANR-12-ISV7-0003,CALILAGO,Evaluation de la virulence du RHDV et mécanismes de résistance de l'hôte(2012), Bernardo, Elizabeth, Blanc International II - Evaluation de la virulence du RHDV et mécanismes de résistance de l'hôte - - CALILAGO2012 - ANR-12-ISV7-0003 - Blanc International II - VALID, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos [Vairao] (CIBIO), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Universidad de Oviedo [Oviedo], Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto-Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto-CESPU, Universidad de La Laguna [Tenerife - SP] (ULL), Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba], and Universidade do Porto = University of Porto-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, RNA virus, Genotype, Brown hare, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Clasificación, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Phylogenetics, Terminology as Topic, Virology, Calicivirus, biology.domesticated_animal, Animals, Nomenclatura, Nomenclature, Phylogeny, Caliciviridae Infections, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Hares, Classification, biology.organism_classification, Caliciviridae, Virus, 3. Good health, Lagovirus, 030104 developmental biology, lagovirus, RNA, Viral, nomenclature, Rabbits, European rabbit
Abstract: Lagoviruses belong to the Caliciviridae family. They were first recognized as highly pathogenic viruses of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and European brown hare (Lepus europaeus) that emerged in the 1970–1980s, namely, rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) and European brown hare syndrome virus (EBHSV), according to the host species from which they had been first detected. However, the diversity of lagoviruses has recently expanded to include new related viruses with varying pathogenicity, geographic distribution and host ranges. Together with the frequent recombination observed amongst circulating viruses, there is a clear need to establish precise guidelines for classifying and naming lagovirus strains. Therefore, here we propose a new nomenclature based on phylogenetic relationships. In this new nomenclature, a single species of lagovirus would be recognized and called Lagovirus europaeus. The species would be divided into two genogroups that correspond to RHDV- and EBHSV-related viruses, respectively. Genogroups could be subdivided into genotypes, which could themselves be subdivided into phylogenetically well-supported variants. Based on available sequences, pairwise distance cutoffs have been defined, but with the accumulation of new sequences these cutoffs may need to be revised. We propose that an international working group could coordinate the nomenclature of lagoviruses and any proposals for revision., This work was supported in part by a grant from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Calilago and by a grant from the Région des Pays de la Loire (France) Armina to JLP. It was performed within the framework of the ECALEP project selected during the 2nd joint call of the Animal Health and Welfare ERA-Net (Anihwa) initiative, a Coordination Action funded under the European Commission’s ERA-Net scheme within the Seventh Framework Programme (Contract No. 291815). The ECALEP project is funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), the Ministry of Health, Depa for Veterinary Public Health, Nutrition and Food Safety (Italy) and the Research council FORMAS (Sweden). FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology, Portugal, supported the FCT Investigator grant of JA (ref. IF/01396/2013) and the Post-doc grant of AML (SFRH/BPD/115211/2016).
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Avis de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail relatif à « la mise à jour des connaissances sur les méthodes et procédés d’inactivation du virus de la peste porcine africaine (PPA) »

Author: Gilles Meyer, Catherine Belloc, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Alain Boissy, Henri-Jean Boulouis, Eric Collin, Jean-Claude Desfontis, Maria-Eleni Filippitzi, David Fretin, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, Etienne Giraud, Lionel Grisot, Nadia Haddad, Viviane Hénaux, Elsa Jourdain, Sophie Le Bouquin-Leneveu, Sophie Le Poder-Alcon, Elodie Monchatre-Leroy, Hostis, Monique L., François Meurens, Virginie Michel, Pierre Mormede, Herve Morvan, Carine Paraud, Ariane Payne, Michel Pépin, Carole Peroz-Sapede, Claire Ponsart, Claude Saegerman, Gaëlle Simon, Jean-Pierre Vaillancourt, Florence Etore, Charlotte Dunoyer, Isabelle Attig, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA), Clinique Vétérinaire, Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Sciensano [Brussels, Belgium], Infectiologie Santé Publique (ISP-311), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques (BIPAR), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Laboratoire de Lyon, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Épidémiologie des Maladies Animales et Zoonotiques - UMR 346 (EPIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Laboratoire de Ploufragan - Plouzané, Laboratoire de la rage et de la faune sauvage de Nancy (LRFSN), Retraité, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), LABOCEA Laboratoire [Plouzané, France], Laboratoire de Niort, Office Nationale de la chasse et faune sauvage (ONCFS), ONCFS, VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, Université de Liège, Université de Montréal [Montréal], Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), and Direction de l'évaluation des produits réglementés (DEPR)
Subjects: MESH: African swine fever, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, Biocide, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Inactivation virale, Decontamination method, Virus persistence, Disinfection, Virus resistance, Persistance virale, Virus inactivation, Peste porcine africaine, Désinfection, African swine fever, Résistance au virus
Abstract: Suite à la confirmation de plusieurs cas de PPA sur des sangliers en Belgique, à proximité de la frontière française, la DGAL a saisi plusieurs fois l’Anses en urgence pour répondre à des questions sur : les risques d’introduction du virus responsable de cette maladie enFrance, les mesures de gestion à la frontière Franco-Belge, tant dans la faune sauvage que dans les élevages de suidés.Lors des travaux du GECU PPA, les experts se sont également interrogés sur les méthodes et produits disponibles pour inactiver le virus de la PPA, que ce soit au niveau des laboratoires qui reçoivent des prélèvements ou des cadavres d’animaux, au niveau des camions qui sont/seront utilisés pour le transport des cadavres ou des animaux vivants potentiellement contaminés, au niveau des locaux et matériaux d’élevage ou des matériaux utilisés au clos d’équarrissage, etc.De plus, les laboratoires d’analyse vétérinaires et le Laboratoire National de Référence (LNR) pour la PPA, reçoivent des questions des parties prenantes sur les produits biocides pouvant être utilisés pour décontaminer des matériaux entrés en contact avec des matières potentiellement contaminées par le virus de la PPA. Des interrogations émanent également des entreprises spécialisées dans le développement et la commercialisation de produits biocides (confrontés entre-autres à la réglementation française concernant la manipulation du virus de la PPA).Les réponses à ces interrogations n’étant pas immédiatement et facilement disponibles, dans ce contexte, il apparait opportun d’agir par anticipation et de se saisir de la question de l’inactivation du virus de la PPA, des méthodes de décontamination pouvant être mises en oeuvre ainsi que des produits utilisables et efficaces dans l’éventualité de foyers de PPA en France dans la faune sauvage ou dans la faune domestique.Les questions de l’autosaisine sont les suivantes :« Effectuer une mise à jour des connaissances sur les méthodes et procédés d’inactivation du virus de la PPA et sur la résistance de ce virus dans les différentes matrices potentiellement contaminées.Cette mise à jour portera également sur les produits biocides utilisables pour la décontamination, tant au laboratoire que dans le cas de dépeuplement en élevage de suidés, ou au clos d’équarrissage (tant pour les porcs d’élevage que pour des cadavres de sangliers potentiellement contaminés si ceux-ci devaient y être amenés). »
Published: 2019

24. ANCHOR-tagged equine herpesvirus 1: A new tool for monitoring viral infection and discovering new antiviral compounds

Author: Sandrine Kappler-Gratias, Franck Gallardo, Charlotte Quentin-Froignant, Sokunthea Top, Stéphane Bertagnoli, NeoVirTech SAS, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and C.QF is financed by a CIFRE program (number 2017/1233) from ANRT.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Equine herpesvirus 1, Genome, Viral, Biology, Antiviral Agents, Genome, 03 medical and health sciences, ANCHOR, High content microscopy, Virology, Viral replication, Animals, Horses, Gene, Tropism, Bacterial artificial chromosome, Herpesviridae Infections, Antivirals, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Equine herpesvirus, 030104 developmental biology, Auto-fluorescent virus, Horse Diseases, Homologous recombination, Herpesvirus 1, Equid
Abstract: International audience; Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is a causative agent of respiratory disorders, abortion and myeloencephalopathy in horses and has an important impact on equine health and economy. Several bacterial artificial chromosomes have already been developed and enabled identification and functional characterization of EHV-1 genes. Unfortunately, little is known about its replication. Here, the ANCHOR system was inserted by targeted homologous recombination into the equine herpesvirus genome. This insertion led to the conversion of EHV-1 DNA to autofluorescent spots easily detectable by fluorescence microscopy, and enabled production of an auto-fluorescent EHV-1 ANCHORGFP with tropism and replication kinetic like the parental strain. High resolution imaging allowed first visualization of EHV-1 replication from apparition of first viral genome to large replicative centers, in single cells or inside syncytia. Combined with high content microscopy, EHV-1 ANCHORGFP leads to identification of auranofin and azacytidine-5 as new potential antivirals to treat EHV-1 infection.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

25. A simple method to estimate the number of doses to include in a bank of vaccines. The case of Lumpy Skin Disease in France

Author: Sebastian Napp, Claire Hautefeuille, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Florence Etore, Philippe Jacquiet, Philippe Caufour, Gilles Meyer, Kris De Clercq, Jordi Casal, Jean Pierre Ganière, Claude Saegerman, Producció Animal, Sanitat Animal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal [UAB, Spain] (CReSA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)-Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire [Liège], Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Unit Vesicular and Exotic Diseases, Centre d'Étude et de Recherches Vétérinaires et Agrochimiques (CODA-CERVA), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), and Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)
Subjects: Vaccination Coverage, Lumpy Skin Disease, L73 - Maladies des animaux, Geographical locations, 0403 veterinary science, Statistics, Medicine and Health Sciences, Public and Occupational Health, Mathematics, Mammals, Vaccines, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Simulation and Modeling, Vaccination, Eukaryota, Ruminants, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Vaccination and Immunization, Lumpy skin disease virus, 3. Good health, Europe, méthode, Infectious Diseases, Veterinary Diseases, Vaccination coverage, Vertebrates, Dynamic simulation model, Medicine, Veterinary medicine and animal Health, France, Autre (Sciences du Vivant), Research Article, Buffle domestique, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Infectious Disease Control, Vaccin, 040301 veterinary sciences, Science, Dose d'application, Immunology, Évaluation du risque, Research and Analysis Methods, Veterinary Epidemiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Besoin d'investissement, Bovines, Lumpy skin disease, Maladie nodulaire cutanée, Zébu, medicine, Animals, Computer Simulation, European Union, Epidemics, 030304 developmental biology, Bovin, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, Volume, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Viral Vaccines, medicine.disease, Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Amniotes, Veterinary Science, Cattle, Preventive Medicine, People and places
Abstract: A simple method to estimate the size of the vaccine bank needed to control an epidemic of an exotic infectious disease in case of introduction into a country is presented. The method was applied to the case of a Lumpy Skin disease (LSD) epidemic in France. The size of the stock of vaccines needed was calculated based on a series of simple equations that use some trigonometric functions and take into account the spread of the disease, the time required to obtain good vaccination coverage and the cattle density in the affected region. Assuming a 7-weeks period to vaccinate all the animals and a spread of the disease of 7.3 km/week, the vaccination of 740 716 cattle would be enough to control an epidemic of LSD in France in 90% of the simulations (608 196 cattle would cover 75% of the simulations). The results of this simple method were then validated using a dynamic simulation model, which served as reference for the calculation of the vaccine stock required. The differences between both models in different scenarios, related with the time needed to vaccinate the animals, ranged from 7% to 10.5% more vaccines using the simple method to cover 90% of the simulations, and from 9.0% to 13.8% for 75% of the simulations. The model is easy to use and may be adapted for the control of different diseases in different countries, just by using some simple formulas and few input data. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

26. Avis de l’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail relatif à « une évaluation du risque lié au dépeuplement d’élevages porcins, opérations mises en œuvre en cas de foyers de PPA en élevage »

Author: Claude Saegerman, Eric Baubet, Catherine Belloc, Eric Collin, Claude Fischer, Jean Hars, Marie-Frédérique Le Potier, Jorge Ramón López-Olvera, Nicolas Rose, Sophie Rossi, Jean-Pierre Vaillancourt, Gilles Meyer, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Alain Boissy, Henri-Jean Boulouis, Jean-Claude Desfontis, Maria-Eleni Filippitzi, David Fretin, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont, Etienne Giraud, Lionel Grisot, Nadia Haddad, Viviane Hénaux, Elsa Jourdain, Sophie Le Bouquin-Leneveu, Sophie Le Poder-Alcon, Elodie Monchatre-Leroy, Hostis, Monique L., François Meurens, Virginie Michel, Pierre Mormede, Herve Morvan, Carine Paraud, Ariane Payne, Michel Pépin, Carole Peroz-Sapede, Claire Ponsart, Gaëlle Simon, Catherine Collignon, Charlotte Dunoyer, Université de Liège, Office Nationale de la chasse et faune sauvage (ONCFS), ONCFS, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Clinique Vétérinaire, Haute Ecole du Paysage, d'Ingénierie et d'Architecture de Genève (HEPIA), Laboratoire de Ploufragan - Plouzané, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Université de Montréal [Montréal], Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Sciensano [Brussels, Belgium], Infectiologie Santé Publique (ISP-311), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Laboratoire de Lyon, Épidémiologie des Maladies Animales et Zoonotiques - UMR 346 (EPIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Laboratoire de la rage et de la faune sauvage de Nancy (LRFSN), Retraité, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), LABOCEA Laboratoire [Plouzané, France], Laboratoire de Niort, VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, and Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER)
Subjects: Pig, Porc, Diffusion de virus, MESH: African swine fever, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pig farming, Depopulation, Virus spread, Wild boar, Dépeuplement, Elevage, Peste porcine africaine, Sanglier, African swine fever, Abattoir
Abstract: « Dans le cadre de la planification, les services de la DGAL se préparent, aux différents échelons, à la mise en œuvre des mesures de lutte contre la peste porcine africaine (PPA) en identifiant les ressources humaines et matérielles nécessaires. Pour la question du dépeuplement en élevage, il est prévu un prestataire national pour la réalisation des chantiers de dépeuplement de gros effectifs porcins en élevage, le reste des chantiers étant et devant être piloté et organisé par les directions départementales en charge de la protection des populations DDecPP avec des moyens locaux. Pour autant, selon la dynamique de diffusion de la maladie, ces dispositifs pourraients’avérer insuffisants et une option pourrait être de transférer des animaux issus de cheptels infectés pour une mise à mort à l'abattoir. Par ailleurs, une stratégie de dépeuplement préemptive à l'image de ce qui a été mis en place lors de l’épisode influenza aviaire 2016-2017 pourrait être également mise en place et nécessiterait également une mobilisation importante des moyens de dépeuplement.Il s'agirait donc plus précisément d'évaluer le risque de diffusion de la PPA, à la fois par le transport et par la persistance du virus au sein des sites d’abattage, lors de la mobilisation d'abattoirs pour dépeupler des foyers. Cette même question est posée pour du dépeuplementpréemptif d'animaux a priori non suspects en périphérie de foyer. Ces cas de figure pourraient se présenter en cas de dépassement des capacités d'intervention sur site Des questions complémentaires liées aux opérations de dépeuplement d'animaux infectés sontégalement posées.- Parmi les méthodes d’euthanasie individuelle, un dispositif à tige perforante suivi d'un jonchage ou une injection létale peuvent être utilisés pour les porcs ainsi que le tir à balle pour les sangliers. Ces méthodes qui peuvent entraîner des effusions de sang sont-elles denature à engendrer un risque supplémentaire de diffusion du virus ?- Les intervenants dans un foyer sont équipés de protections individuelles (EPI) et passent par un sas sanitaire pour sortir de l'exploitation en vue de limiter les risques de diffusion de la maladie. La procédure recommandée pour l'entrée et la sortie d'un élevage infecté estjointe ; quel serait le délai de carence à respecter entre l'intervention dans un foyer et l'intervention dans un élevage sain afin de prévenir tout risque de diffusion de la maladie ? Le délai historiquement préconisé est de 72h et demande à être documenté. »
Published: 2018

27. Sélection génétique pour la résistance aux maladies : projets et avancées

Author: Mélanie Gunia, Merina Shrestha, Elodie Balmisse, Bertrand Bed'Hom, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Samuel Boucher, Sylvain Breton, Emilie Chambellon, Thierry Chaumeil, Fabien Coisne, Ingrid David, Jean-Jacques David, Edouard Guitton, Virginie Helies, Jacques Hurtaud, Florent Kempf, Isabelle Lantier, Sébastien Lavillate, Dominique Le Creu, Guillaume Lenoir, Bernadette Le Normand, Coralie Marais, Mickaël Maupin, Hervé Morin, Charles Poncet, Sébastien Pujol, Raphaël Robert, Christelle Rossignol, Julien Ruesche, Fanny Sarce, Colomba Thiebot, Emmanuelle Helloin, Frederic Lantier, Hervé Garreau, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Pôle d'Expérimentation Cunicole TOULousain (PECTOUL ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Labovet Conseil, Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), Hycole Sarl, Hypharm, Clinical Innovation Proteomic Platform, Partenaires INRAE, VeLVet, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Filavie SAS, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Eurolap, Institut Carnot, AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: sélection, génétique, résistance au maladie, bien être animal, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2018

28. Time scale evolution of avipoxviruses

Author: Guillaume Le Loc’h, Mariette F. Ducatez, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, RENECO Wildlife Consultants LLC, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Emirate Centre for the Conservation of the Houbara (ECCH), International Fund for Houbara Conservation (IFHC), ECCH, and French ministries of Agriculture, Research and Education
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Scale (anatomy), Evolution, Range (biology), viruses, DIVERSITY, DNA VIRUSES, SMALLPOX, Biology, Microbiology, Article, Avipoxvirus, Evolution, Molecular, Viral Proteins, Mutation Rate, DNA virus, Genetics, Clade, Molecular clock, Molecular Biology, Gene, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ORIGIN, biology.organism_classification, GENOME, POXVIRUSES, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, Amino Acid Substitution
Abstract: Highlights • Avipoxviruses evolution rate: 2–8 × 10−5 substitution/site/year. • Mean time of divergence from common ancestor: 10,000–30,000 years. • Purifying selection in avipoxviruses P4b, cnpv186 and DNA polymerase genes., Avipoxviruses are divided into three clades: canarypox-like viruses, fowlpox-like viruses, and psittacinepox-like viruses. Several molecular clock and demographic models available in the BEAST package were compared on three avipoxvirus genes (P4b, cnpv186 and DNA polymerase genes), which enabled to determine that avipoxviruses evolved at a rate of 2–8 × 10−5 substitution/site/year, in the range of poxviruses previously reported evolution rates. In addition, the date of mean time of divergence of avipoxviruses from a common ancestor was extrapolated to be about 10,000–30,000 years ago, at the same period as modern poxvirus species. Our findings will facilitate epidemiological investigations on avipoxviruses’ spread, origin and circulation.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

29. Risk of introduction of lumpy skin disease in France by the import of vectors in animal trucks

Author: Florence Etore, Philippe Caufour, Jordi Casal, Claire Hautefeuille, Claude Saegerman, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Gilles Meyer, Philippe Jacquiet, Guillaume Fournié, Jean-Pierre Ganiere, Kris De Clercq, Saegerman, Claude, Université de Liège, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Sciensano [Bruxelles], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Royal Veterinary College - University of London, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Producció Animal, and Sanitat Animal
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Lumpy Skin Disease, Virologie, lcsh:Medicine, Cattle Diseases, L73 - Maladies des animaux, Capripoxvirus, law.invention, 0403 veterinary science, Agricultural science, law, lcsh:Science, media_common, Animal biology, Transport d'animaux, Multidisciplinary, biology, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Muscidae, Microbiology and Parasitology, Maladie transfrontière, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 030108 mycology & parasitology, 619 - Veterinària, Lumpy skin disease virus, Microbiologie et Parasitologie, 3. Good health, Motor Vehicles, Transmission (mechanics), Geography, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Maladie des animaux, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Livestock, Veterinary medicine and animal Health, France, Risk analysis, Risk, 040301 veterinary sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Lumpy skin disease, Maladie nodulaire cutanée, Virology, Biologie animale, medicine, media_common.cataloged_instance, Animals, Horses, European union, Transmission des maladies, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, business.industry, lcsh:R, Models, Theoretical, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Maladie transmise par vecteur, Insect Vectors, Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal, lcsh:Q, Cattle, business
Abstract: International audience; Background The lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a dsDNA virus belonging to the Poxviridae family and the Capripoxvirus genus. Lumpy skin diseases (LSD) is a highly contagious transboundary disease in cattle producing major economic losses. In 2014, the disease was first reported in the European Union (in Cyprus); it was then reported in 2015 (in Greece) and has spread through different Balkan countries in 2016. Indirect vector transmission is predominant at small distances, but transmission between distant herds and between countries usually occurs through movements of infected cattle or through vectors found mainly in animal trucks. Methods and principal findings In order to estimate the threat for France due to the introduction of vectors found in animal trucks (cattle or horses) from at-risk countries (Balkans and neighbours), a quantitative import risk analysis (QIRA) model was developed according to the international standard. Using stochastic QIRA modelling and combining experimental/field data and expert opinion, the yearly risk of LSDV being introduced by stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans), that travel in trucks transporting animals was between 6 x 10−5 and 5.93 x 10−3 with a median value of 89.9 x 10−5 ; it was mainly due to the risk related to insects entering farms in France from vehicles transporting cattle from the at-risk area. The risk related to the transport of cattle going to slaughterhouses or the transport of horses was much lower (between 2 x 10−7 and 3.73 x 10−5 and between 5 x 10−10 and 3.95 x 10−8 for cattle and horses, respectively). The disinsectisation of trucks transporting live animals was important to reduce this risk. Conclusion and significance The development of a stochastic QIRA made it possible to quantify the risk of LSD being introduced in France through the import of vectors that travel in trucks transporting animals. This tool is of prime importance because the LSD situation in the Balkans is continuously changing. Indeed, this model can be updated to process new information on vectors and the changing health situation, in addition to new data from the TRAde Control and Expert System (TRACES, EU database). This model is easy to adapt to different countries and to other vectors and diseases.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Oncolytic properties of non-vaccinia poxviruses

Author: Philippe Erbs, Eric Quemeneur, Marine Ricordel, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Johann Foloppe, Christelle Pichon, Sandrine Cochin, Pascale Cordier, Caroline Tosch, Annie Findeli, Christelle Camus-Bouclainville, Transgene SA, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, oncolytic properties, viruses, Virologie, Médecine humaine et pathologie, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Virus, RCNtk-/gfp::fcu1, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, non-vaccinia poxviruses, 0302 clinical medicine, Virology, medicine, Poxviridae, Cancer, Cell growth, Suicide gene, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Oncolytic virus, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, chemistry, Thymidine kinase, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Raccoonpox virus, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Human health and pathology, Vaccinia, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Research Paper
Abstract: International audience; Vaccinia virus, a member of the Poxviridae family, has been extensively used as an oncolytic agent and has entered late stage clinical development. In this study, we evaluated the potential oncolytic properties of other members of the Poxviridae family. Numerous tumor cell lines were infected with ten non-vaccinia poxviruses to identify which virus displayed the most potential as an oncolytic agent. Cell viability indicated that tumor cell lines were differentially susceptible to each virus. Raccoonpox virus was the most potent of the tested poxviruses and was highly effective in controlling cell growth in all tumor cell lines. To investigate further the oncolytic capacity of the Raccoonpox virus, we have generated a thymidine kinase (TK)-deleted recombinant Raccoonpox virus expressing the suicide gene FCU1. This TK-deleted Raccoonpox virus was notably attenuated in normal primary cells but replicated efficiently in numerous tumor cell lines. In human colon cancer xenograft model, a single intratumoral inoculation of the recombinant Raccoonpox virus, in combination with 5-fluorocytosine administration, produced relevant tumor growth control. The results demonstrated significant antitumoral activity of this new modified Raccoonpox virus armed with FCU1 and this virus could be considered to be included into the growing armamentarium of oncolytic virotherapy for cancer.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Outbreaks of Pox Disease Due to Canarypox-Like and Fowlpox-Like Viruses in Large-Scale Houbara Bustard Captive-Breeding Programmes, in Morocco and the United Arab Emirates

Author: G. Le Loc'h, Mathilde Paul, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Christelle Camus-Bouclainville, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Conservation of Natural Resources, Veterinary medicine, Biosecurity, Endangered species, United Arab Emirates, Zoology, Poxviridae Infections, Breeding, Disease Outbreaks, Birds, 03 medical and health sciences, Chlamydotis macqueenii, Captive breeding, Animals, Chlamydotis undulata, Bustard, Bird conservation, Fowlpox, fowlpox virus, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, outbreak, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, Vaccination, conservation, Outbreak, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Morocco, 030104 developmental biology, Geography, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, epidemiology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, canarypox virus
Abstract: International audience; Infectious diseases can be serious threats for the success of reinforcement programmes of endangered species. Houbara Bustard species (Chlamydotis undulata and Chlamydotis macqueenii), whose populations declined in the last decades, have been captive-bred for conservation purposes for more than 15 years in North Africa and the Middle East. Field observations show that pox disease, caused by avipoxviruses (APV), regularly emerges in conservation projects of Houbara Bustard, despite a very strict implementation of both vaccination and biosecurity. Data collected from captive flocks of Houbara Bustard in Morocco from 2006 through 2013 and in the United Arab Emirates from 2011 through 2013 were analysed, and molecular investigations were carried out to define the virus strains involved. Pox cases (n = 2311) were observed during more than half of the year (88% of the months in Morocco, 54% in the United Arab Emirates). Monthly morbidity rates showed strong variations across the time periods considered, species and study sites: Four outbreaks were described during the study period on both sites. Molecular typing revealed that infections were mostly due to canarypox-like viruses in Morocco while fowlpox-like viruses were predominant in the United Arab Emirates. This study highlights that APV remain a major threat to consider in bird conservation initiatives.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

32. Premiers résultats du projet RELAPA : génomique pour la résistance génétique des lapins à la pasteurellose

Author: Mélanie Gunia, Frederic Lantier, Jean-Marc Babilliot, Elodie Balmisse, Bertrand Bed'Hom, Elodie Belmonte, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Samuel Boucher, Sylvain Breton, Emilie Chambellon, Thierry Chaumeil, Fabien Coisne, Rémi Delaunay, Alain Fadeau, Edouard Guitton, Virginie Helies, Jacques Hurtaud, Deborah Jardet, Florent Kempf, Isabelle Lantier, Sébastien Lavillatte, Dominique Le Cren, Guillaume Lenoir, Bernadette Le Normand, Coralie Marais, Mickaël Maupin, Hervé Morin, Charles Poncet, Sébastien Pujol, Raphaël Robert, Christelle Rossignol, Julien Ruesche, Fanny Sarce, Colomba Thiebot, Emmanuelle Helloin, Herve Garreau, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Pôle d'Expérimentation Cunicole TOULousain (PECTOUL ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), LABOVET Conseil, Réseau Cristal, Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE), Hycole Sarl, Laboratoire de Touraine, Hypharm, Comité Lapin Interprofessionnel pour la Promotion des Produits Français (CLIPP), VeLVet, Filavie SAS, Eurolap, Institut Technique de l'Aviculture et des Elevages de Petits Animaux (ITAVI). FRA., Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique - IASP (Nouzilly, France), UE 1322 Pôle d'Expérimentation Cunicole TOULousain, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique animale (G.A.)-Physiologie Animale et Systèmes d'Elevage (PHASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Pôle d'Expérimentation Cunicole TOULousain (PECTOUL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE - INRA UE 1277), and HYCOLE
Subjects: pasteurella multocida, pasteurellose, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], genetic variability, variabilité génétique, rabbit, résistance, lapin, résistance génétique, génétique, génomique
Abstract: Session : Génétique Participation à cette étude : Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE) UE 1277 - Nouzilly Centre Inra Val de LoireSession : GénétiqueParticipation à cette étude : Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE) UE 1277 - Nouzilly Centre Inra Val de Loire; La pasteurellose est la première cause de mortalité des femelles en élevage cunicole. Le projet RELAPA (Génomique pour la REsistance génétique des LApins à la PAsteurellose) a pour objectif de mettre en évidence des régions du génome associées à la réponse à la pasteurellose. Pour ce faire, 955 lapins ont été inoculés à 6 semaines d’âge avec une souche de Pasteurella multocida pyogène et suivis pendant 14 jours. La réponse des animaux était très variable, avec 7% de lapins résistants (sans aucun symptôme de pasteurellose et sans Pasteurella multocida détectée dans les organes) et 11% d’animaux très sensibles (morts ou euthanasiés pendant l’essai avec des Pasteurella multocida détectées). L’effet du père sur les caractères mesurés est très significatif, ce qui laisse présager l’existence d’une variabilité génétique importante dans la résistance à la pasteurellose.
Published: 2017

33. Low Impact of Avian Pox on Captive-Bred Houbara Bustard Breeding Performance

Author: Mathilde Paul, Guillaume Le Loc’h, Stéphane Bertagnoli, and Mam-Noury Amadou Souley
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Veterinary medicine, 040301 veterinary sciences, Endangered species, Captivity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 0403 veterinary science, Chlamydotis macqueenii, Seasonal breeder, conservation breeding, Chlamydotis undulata, Bustard, bird reintroduction, Original Research, General Veterinary, biology, Outbreak, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, egg production, biology.organism_classification, Avipoxvirus, display, Veterinary Science, avipoxvirus
Abstract: Avian pox, a disease caused by avipoxviruses, is a major cause of decline of some endangered bird species. While its impact has been assessed in several species in the wild, effects of the disease in conservation breeding have never been studied. Houbara Bustard species (Chlamydotis undulata and Chlamydotis macqueenii), whose populations declined in the last decades, have been captive-bred for conservation purposes for more than 20 years. While mortality and morbidity induced by avipoxviruses can be controlled by appropriate management, the disease might still affect bird breeding performance and jeopardize the production objectives of conservation programs. Impacts of the disease was studied during two outbreaks in captive-bred juvenile Houbara bustards in Morocco in 2009-2010 and 2010-2011, by modelling the effect of the disease on individual breeding performance (male display and female egg production) of 2797 birds during their first breeding season. Results showed that the impact of avian pox on the ability of birds to reproduce and on the count of displays or eggs is low, and mainly non-significant. The absence of strong impact compared to what could be observed in other species in the wild may be explained by the controlled conditions provided by captivity, especially the close veterinary monitoring of each bird. Those results emphasise the importance of individual management to prevent major disease emergence and their effects in captive-breeding of endangered species.
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

34. Actualités sur les vecteurs vaccinaux viraux

Author: Stéphane Bertagnoli
Subjects: General Veterinary, médecine vétérinaire, vaccination, Vecteur viraux, veterinary medecine, Viral vectors
Abstract: Virus vectors for veterinary vaccines : an update. Inactivated and attenuated vaccines are traditional vaccine technologies that have contributed to control of numerous animal pathogens. However, they could have limitations and some disadvantages, and recent advances in molecular genetics and immunology have allowed the development of novel approches in the rational design of vaccines. In particular, genetic modification of viruses by incorporation of sequences from other pathogens, leads to the development of a new generation of viral-vector based vaccines. The present article offers an update on the viral-vector based recombinant vaccines available for veterinary medicine., Les vaccins destinés aux animaux appartiennent en majorité à deux grandes catégories : les vaccins à agents vivants et ceux à agents inertes. Les plus classiques d’entre eux sont employés depuis longtemps, mais les innovations technologiques ont considérablement enrichi les schémas vaccinaux, les stratégies variant selon des contraintes liées à des préoccupations, tant d’innocuité que d’efficacité ou encore de nature économique. Les efforts de recherche se sont en particulier orientés vers l’élaboration de nouveaux vaccins s’appuyant sur la mise au point de vecteurs viraux adaptés à diverses espèces animales (domestiques ou sauvages) ou à des situations épidémiologiques et économiques variées. Cette revue vise à faire le point sur le développement des vaccins vétérinaires vectorisés, en s’appuyant sur des exemples remarquables de vecteurs viraux à ADN (Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, Adenoviridae) ou à ARN (Paramyxoviridae, Flaviviridae, Togaviridae)., Bertagnoli Stéphane. Actualités sur les vecteurs vaccinaux viraux. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 170 n°1, 2017. pp. 22-30.
Published: 2017

35. Cowpox Virus: A New and Armed Oncolytic Poxvirus

Author: Stéphane Bertagnoli, Johann Foloppe, Marine Ricordel, Delphine Antoine, Pascale Cordier, Sandrine Cochin, Christelle Camus-Bouclainville, Eric Quemeneur, Nathalie Sfrontato, Philippe Erbs, Christelle Pichon, Caroline Tosch, Transgene SA, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Virologie, Cowpox, Médecine humaine et pathologie, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Biology, lcsh:RC254-282, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, Pharmacology (medical), Cancer, Cowpox virus, armed, Suicide gene, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, medicine.disease, cowpox, 3. Good health, Oncolytic virus, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, oncolytic, Thymidine kinase, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Molecular Medicine, Oncolytic Virus Therapy, Original Article, Human health and pathology, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Oncolytic virus therapy has recently been recognized as a promising new therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. In this study, we are proposing for the first time to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo oncolytic capacities of the Cowpox virus (CPXV). To improve the tumor selectivity and oncolytic activity, we developed a thymidine kinase (TK)-deleted CPXV expressing the suicide gene FCU1, which converts the non-toxic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) into cytotoxic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 5-fluorouridine-5′-monophosphate (5-FUMP). This TK-deleted virus replicated efficiently in human tumor cell lines; however, it was notably attenuated in normal primary cells, thus displaying a good therapeutic index. Furthermore, this new recombinant poxvirus rendered cells sensitive to 5-FC. In vivo, after systemic injection in mice, the TK-deleted variant caused significantly less mortality than the wild-type strain. A biodistribution study demonstrated high tumor selectivity and low accumulation in normal tissues. In human xenograft models of solid tumors, the recombinant CPXV also displayed high replication, inducing relevant tumor growth inhibition. This anti-tumor effect was improved by 5-FC co-administration. These results demonstrated that CPXV is a promising oncolytic vector capable of expressing functional therapeutic transgenes. Keywords: cowpox, oncolytic, armed
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Hepatitis E Virus Strains in Rabbits and Evidence of a Closely Related Strain in Humans, France

Author: Nassim Kamar, Martine Dubois, Jacques Izopet, Sébastien Lhomme, Stéphane Marchandeau, Jean-Luc Guérin, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Florence Abravanel, Samuel Boucher, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Epidemiology, viruses, lcsh:Medicine, Orthohepevirus, medicine.disease_cause, Hepatitis E virus, Genotype, Bile, Animal Husbandry, Phylogeny, 0303 health sciences, biology, Strain (biology), transmission, virus diseases, Hepatitis E, 3. Good health, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Liver, zoonosis, virus, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RNA, Viral, France, Rabbits, Microbiology (medical), Sequence analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, rabbit, Animals, Wild, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Open Reading Frames, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, human, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, 030306 microbiology, Research, lcsh:R, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, digestive system diseases, zoonoses, Open reading frame, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract: The host range of HEV in Europe is expanding, and zoonotic transmission of HEV from rabbits is possible., Hepatitis E virus (HEV) strains from rabbits indicate that these mammals may be a reservoir for HEVs that cause infection in humans. To determine HEV prevalence in rabbits and the strains’ genetic characteristics, we tested bile, liver, and additional samples from farmed and wild rabbits in France. We detected HEV RNA in 7% (14/200) of bile samples from farmed rabbits (in 2009) and in 23% (47/205) of liver samples from wild rabbits (in 2007–2010). Full-length genomic sequences indicated that all rabbit strains belonged to the same clade (nucleotide sequences 72.2%–78.2% identical to HEV genotypes 1–4). Comparison with HEV sequences of human strains and reference sequences identified a human strain closely related to rabbit strain HEV. We found a 93-nt insertion in the X domain of open reading frame 1 of the human strain and all rabbit HEV strains. These findings indicate that the host range of HEV in Europe is expanding and that zoonotic transmission of HEV from rabbits is possible.
Published: 2012

37. Myxomavirus as a vector for the immunisation of sheep: Protection study against challenge with bluetongue virus

Author: Martine Deplanche, Loic Comtet, Germain Rives, Gilles Meyer, Sokunthea Top, Gilles Foucras, Jérôme Calvalido, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and IDvet [Grabels]
Subjects: Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], viruses, Virulence, Context (language use), Biology, Antibodies, Viral, Bluetongue, Virus, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Antigen, law, Animals, Vector (molecular biology), Antigens, Viral, Sheep, Domestic, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Sheep, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, 030306 microbiology, immunisation, Myxoma virus, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, virus diseases, Viral Vaccines, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Virology, 3. Good health, Vaccination, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Recombinant DNA, biology.protein, Molecular Medicine, Capsid Proteins, Antibody, myxomavirus, Bluetongue virus
Abstract: International audience; Recombinant poxviruses are well suited for the development of new vaccine vectors. Our previous data supported the idea that Myxomavirus (MYXV) is efficient at priming antibody responses in sheep. To provide definitive evidence on the potential of MYXV for vaccination against infectious diseases in ruminants, we investigated the immune protection provided by recombinant MYXV against bluetongue, a devastating disease in sheep. To test this concept, sheep were injected twice with an MYXV expressing the immunodominant VP2 protein (SG33-VP2). The SG33-VP2 vector promoted the production of neutralising antibodies and partially protected sheep against disease after challenge with a highly virulent strain of serotype-8 bluetongue virus (BTV-8). In contrast, an MYXV expressing both VP2 and VP5 proteins (SG33-VP2/5) elicited very little protection. The expression levels of the VP2 and VP5 proteins suggested that, greater than the co-expression of the VP5 protein which was previously thought to favour anti-VP2 antibody response, the high expression of VP2 may be critical in the MYXV context to stimulate a protective response in sheep. This highlights the requirement for a careful examination of antigen expression before any conclusion can be drawn on the respective role of the protective antigens. As a proof of principle, our study shows that an MYXV vaccine vector is possible in ruminants.
Published: 2012
Full Text: View/download PDF

38. Characterisation of a non-pathogenic and non-protective infectious rabbit lagovirus related to RHDV

Author: Jacqueline Gelfi, Giuliana Botti, Ghislaine Le Gall-Reculé, Alain Roobrouck, F. Zwingelstein, Marie-Philippe Fages, Antonio Lavazza, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Jacky Aubineau, Stéphane Marchandeau, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire - ANSES (FRANCE), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - ENVT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Instituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia et dell' Emilia Romagna - IZSLER (ITALY), Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage - ONCFS (FRANCE), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage (ONCFS), and Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 'Bruno Ubertini' (IZSLER)
Subjects: Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, Rabbit, 040301 veterinary sciences, Sequence analysis, Cross Protection, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Sequence Data, Sequence Homology, Cuniculus, Rabbit, Antibodies, Viral, Bunyaviridae Infections, Virus, 0403 veterinary science, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, RHVD, Virology, Calicivirus, Animals, Cluster Analysis, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Lagovirus, Non-pathogenic virus, RHDV, Sequence Analysis, DNA, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal, Capsid, Carrier State, Tissue tropism, RNA, Viral, RNA, Oryctolagus, Rabbits
Abstract: International audience; The existence of non-pathogenic RHDV strains was established when a non-lethal virus named rabbit calicivirus (RCV) was characterised in 1996 in Italy. Since then, different RNA sequences related to RHDV have been detected in apparently healthy domestic and wild rabbits, and recently a new lagovirus was identified in Australia. We have characterised from seropositive healthy domestic rabbits a non-lethal lagovirus that differs from RHDV in terms of pathogenicity, tissue tropism and capsid protein sequence. Phylogenetic analyses have revealed that it is close to the Ashington strain and to the RCV, but distinct. We proved experimentally that it is infectious but non-pathogenic and demonstrated that, contrary to the other described non-pathogenic lagoviruses, it induces antibodies that do not protect against RHDV. Our results indicate the existence of a gradient of cross-protection between circulating strains, from non-protective, partially protective to protective strains, and highlight the extent of diversity within the genus Lagovirus.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

39. Serological evidence for the presence of non-pathogenic rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus-like strains in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) of the Kerguelen archipelago

Author: Yves Léonard, Dominique Pontier, G. Le Gall-Reculé, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Stéphane Marchandeau, Brigitte Peralta, Hugues Santin-Janin, Inconnu, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage (ONCFS), Direction des Etudes et de la Recherche, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), Unité de virologie, Immunologie, Parasitologie, Aviaires et Cunicoles, Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), and We thank the French Polar Institute Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV) (programme 279), the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), programme Santé-Environnement et Santé-Travail (SEST): 'Pathocénose et émergence des maladies transmissibles: un concept unificateur mis à l’épreuve sur des pathologies exemplaires', and the Fédération Nationale des Chasseurs (FNC) for financial support.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Serological evidence, Oryctolagus cuniculus, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Antibodies, Virus, Serology, Rabbit haemorrhagic disease, 03 medical and health sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, geography, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus, Kerguelen archipelago, biology.organism_classification, Virology, 3. Good health, Lagovirus, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Archipelago, biology.protein, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Antibody, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Abstract: Antibodies raised against a Lagovirus were found in healthy rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus sampled in 2003 and 2004 in the Kerguelen archipelago. The serological test we used enabled the detection of antibodies due to both pathogenic and non-pathogenic viruses related to the rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV). The overall proportion of seropositive rabbits was 35% and differed between sites. Since previous studies have failed to detect antibodies raised against pathogenic RHDV strains, the antibodies detected in the present study were likely due to non-pathogenic strains. The interest of these strains circulating in the Kerguelen archipelago is that they have evolved independently of those detected in the other parts of the world and should derive from an ancestral RHDV precursor. Their characterization may help understanding the evolution of the virus and the emergence of the disease.
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

40. Safety and immunogenicity of myxoma virus as a new viral vector for small ruminants

Author: Pierre Russo, Béatrice Pignolet, Séverine Boullier, Eliane Foulon, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Jacqueline Gelfi, Gilles Meyer, Gilles Foucras, Marjorie Bozzetti, Maxence Delverdier, Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments - AFSSA (FRANCE), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - ENVT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Inconnu, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Injections, Intradermal, Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, Rabbit, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genetic Vectors, Myxoma virus, Antibodies, Viral, Virus Replication, Virus, Viral vector, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Species Specificity, Virology, Animals, Poxviridae, 030212 general & internal medicine, Vector (molecular biology), Antigens, Viral, Cells, Cultured, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Skin, 030304 developmental biology, Viral Structural Proteins, Vaccines, Synthetic, 0303 health sciences, Sheep, Virulence, biology, Immunogenicity, Vaccination, Viral Vaccines, Small ruminant, Fibroblasts, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal, Chordopoxvirinae, Viral replication, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Rabbits, Reassortant Viruses
Abstract: Myxoma virus (MYXV), a leporide-specific poxvirus, represents an attractive candidate for the generation of safe and non-replicative vaccine vectors for other species. With the aim of developing new recombinant vaccines for ruminants, we evaluated the safety and the immunogenicity of recombinant MYXV in sheep. In vitro studies indicated that ovine primary fibroblasts were not permissive for MYXV and that infection of ovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells occurred at a low rate. Although non-specific activation significantly improved the susceptibility of lymphocytes, MYXV infection remained abortive. Histological and immunohistochemical examination at the inoculation sites revealed the development of an inflammatory process and allowed the detection of sparse infected cells in the dermis. In addition, inoculated sheep developed an antibody response directed against MYXV and the product of the transgene. Overall, these results provide the first line of evidence on the potential of MYXV as a viral vector for ruminants.
Published: 2008
Full Text: View/download PDF

41. Ultrastructural study of myxoma virus morphogenesis

Author: Jacqueline Gelfi, Stéphane Bertagnoli, J.-L. Duteyrat, Inconnu, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], viruses, Morphogenesis, Myxoma virus, Kidney, Virus Replication, Virus, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Viral envelope, Virology, Animals, Poxviridae, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Microscopy, Confocal, biology, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, chemistry, Chordopoxvirinae, Rabbits, Vaccinia, Leporipoxvirus
Abstract: Poxviruses are among the largest and most complex viruses known. Vaccinia virus, the prototype of the family Poxviridae, has been studied much more than myxoma virus. The aim of this work was to have a better knowledge about myxoma virus morphogenesis. The characterization of the main stages of MV morphogenesis was achieved by ultrastructural and immunological analysis. Specific antibodies were raised against M022L and M071L, two envelope proteins of extracellular enveloped virus and intracellular mature virus, respectively. The main stages of assembly were similar to those seen with other poxviruses, and the duration of the whole replication cycle was estimated to be around 16 h, longer than what was described for vaccinia virus. Morphological changes of infected cells were associated with the development of long cellular projections and enlarged microvilli. Intracellular enveloped viruses are associated with the cytoskeleton to move through the cell. Unlike earlier studies, as many cell-associated enveloped viruses as intracellular enveloped viruses were observed in relation with specialized microvilli, although these structures were rarely noticed. Finally, an unusual spreading process was observed, which uses cytoplasmic corridors.
Published: 2006
Full Text: View/download PDF

42. Virologie humaine et zoonoses

Author: Christophe Pasquier, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Christophe Pasquier, and Stéphane Bertagnoli
Subjects: Virus diseases, Virology
Abstract: Cet ouvrage offre un panorama complet des virus qui infectent les humains et constitue un manuel de référence en virologie médicale. Les données fondamentales indispensables à la compréhension des virus et des infections virales sont présentées de manière synthétique. Les aspects cliniques sont regroupés par grands syndromes d'origines virales avec une présentation des circonstances cliniques et biologiques de recherche d'un virus, des étiologies virales et des éléments d'orientation vis-à-vis d'un virus donné. Un chapitre traite spécifiquement des virus responsables de zoonoses (infections transmissibles des animaux à l'Homme) de plus en plus fréquents parmi les agents infectieux émergents (virus grippaux, du Chikungunya, du Nil occidental…). Chaque virus ou famille virale d'intérêt médical est présenté sous forme de fiche illustrée en vue d'une acquisition rapide des informations incontournables ou d'une révision.
Published: 2013

43. Wildlife reservoir for Hepatitis E virus, Southwestern France

Author: Martine Dubois, Jacques Izopet, Sébastien Lhomme, Jean-Luc Guérin, Sokunthea Top, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Purpan (CHU Purpan), Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1043, and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: Disease reservoir, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], viruses, Sus scrofa, 14-1909 Dispatch, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Tables: 1, Hepatitis E virus, Tech App: 0, Prevalence, hepatitis, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Dispatch, food and beverages, virus diseases, Hepatitis E, hépatite e, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Liver, Submitted: 12/1/14, RNA, Viral, France, Rabbits, Microbiology (medical), reservoir, Figures: 0, wildlife, Wildlife, hepatitis E virus, Biology, Accepted: 3/9/15, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Animals, TOC title: Wildlife Reservoir for Hepatitis E Virus, Southwestern France, lcsh:RC109-216, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2107.141909, 030304 developmental biology, Disease Reservoirs, Hepatitis, 030306 microbiology, Deer, lcsh:R, medicine.disease, Virology, digestive system diseases, sud ouest france, human activities
Abstract: International audience; Pigs are a reservoir for hepatitis E virus (HEV). To determine the relative contribution of game to the risk for human HEV infection in southwestern France, we tested wildlife samples. HEV RNA was in 3.3% of wildlife livers, indicating that in this region, eating game meat is as risky as eating pork.
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Emergence of Pathogenicity in Lagoviruses: Evolution from Pre-existing Nonpathogenic Strains or through a Species Jump?

Author: Nathalie Ruvoën-Clouet, Jean-Sébastien Guitton, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Evelyne Lemaitre, Ghislaine Le Gall-Reculé, Ana M. Lopes, Aleksija Neimanis, Antonio Lavazza, Pedro J. Esteves, Stéphane Marchandeau, Joana Abrantes, Patrizia Cavadini, Jacques Le Pendu, Jérôme Letty, Dolores Gavier-Widén, InBIO — Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO)-Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto (FCUP), Universidade do Porto-Universidade do Porto, Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Ciências e Tecnologias Saúde, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Proteomic Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 'Bruno Ubertini' (IZSLER), Department of Pathology and Wildlife Diseases, National Veterinary Institute [Uppsala] (SVA), Département d'études et de recherches, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage (ONCFS), Virology Unit, Unité de virologie, Immunologie, Parasitologie, Aviaires et Cunicoles, Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie Nantes-Angers (CRCNA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-Hôtel-Dieu de Nantes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Laennec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Faculté de Médecine d'Angers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), The authors are grateful to the ERA-Net anihwa (Animal Health and Welfare), a Coordination Action funded under the European Commission’s ERA-Net scheme within the Seventh Framework Programme (Contract No. 291815), for having retained the project ECALEP to come as part of the 2nd join call involving 15 European countries for the next three years. The ECALEP project is funded by the ANR (France, contracts ANR-14-ANWA-0004-01, ANR-14-ANWA-0004-02, ANR-14-ANWA-0004-03, ANR-14-ANWA-0004-04), the Ministry of Health, Dep. for Veterinary Public Health, Nutrition & Food Safety (Italy) and the Research council FORMAS (Sweden, contract FORMAS 221-2014-1841)., ANR-14-ANWA-0004,ECALEP,Emergence of highly pathogenic CAliciviruses in LEporidae through species jumps involving reservoir host introduction.(2014), ANR-14-ANWA-0001,MICHIC,Understanding mucosal immunology and co-infections in the chicken to drive vaccine strategies.(2014), ANR-14-ANWA-0002,Culiome,Can we predict emergence and spread of Culicoides-borne arboviruses in Europe according to genetic drivers of vector competence and virome diversity?(2014), ANR-14-ANWA-0003,AntibioPhage,A bacteriophage-based approach to reducing infections caused by antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli(2014), Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO)-Universidade do Porto [Porto], Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e Dell'Emilia Romagna ' Bruno Ubertini ', National Veterinary Institute (Sweden) (SVA), ONCFS - Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie / Nantes - Angers (CRCNA), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto-Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto-Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Dupuis, Christine, ERA-NET sur la Santé et Bien être animal ANIHWA - Emergence of highly pathogenic CAliciviruses in LEporidae through species jumps involving reservoir host introduction. - - ECALEP2014 - ANR-14-ANWA-0004 - ANIHWA - VALID, ERA-NET sur la Santé et Bien être animal ANIHWA - Understanding mucosal immunology and co-infections in the chicken to drive vaccine strategies. - - MICHIC2014 - ANR-14-ANWA-0001 - ANIHWA - VALID, ERA-NET sur la Santé et Bien être animal ANIHWA - Can we predict emergence and spread of Culicoides-borne arboviruses in Europe according to genetic drivers of vector competence and virome diversity? - - Culiome2014 - ANR-14-ANWA-0002 - ANIHWA - VALID, and ERA-NET sur la Santé et Bien être animal ANIHWA - A bacteriophage-based approach to reducing infections caused by antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli - - AntibioPhage2014 - ANR-14-ANWA-0003 - ANIHWA - VALID
Subjects: Rhdv variant 2, Iberian peninsula, law.invention, 0403 veterinary science, Australian wild rabbits, law, Biology (General), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Polymerase chain reaction, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Virulence, biology, Lagovirus, Polymerase-chain-reaction, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Biological Evolution, Molecular epidemiology, Recombinant DNA, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Capsprotein gene, Opinion, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, 040301 veterinary sciences, QH301-705.5, Rabbit-hemorrhagic-disease, Immunology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Species Specificity, Virology, Animals, Humans, Virus rhdv, Oryctolagus-cuniculus, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Brown hare syndrome, Biological evolution, RC581-607, biology.organism_classification, Pathogenicity, Parasitology, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Genome, Bacterial
Abstract: International audience; no abstract
Published: 2015
Full Text: View/download PDF

45. Diversity of avipoxviruses in captive-bred Houbara bustard

Author: Jean-Luc Guérin, Mariette F. Ducatez, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Christelle Camus-Bouclainville, Guillaume Le Loc’h, French Ministry of Agriculture, French Ministry of Research, French Ministry of Education, and Le Loc'h, Guillaume
Subjects: Canarypox, 040301 veterinary sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Sequence Data, 030231 tropical medicine, Endangered species, Biodiversity, United Arab Emirates, Zoology, Captivity, Poxviridae Infections, Avipoxvirus, Birds, 0403 veterinary science, Viral Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Animals, Chlamydotis macqueenii, Bustard, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, General Veterinary, biology, Bird Diseases, Research, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Uzbekistan, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, veterinary(all), 3. Good health, Morocco, Chlamydotis undulata
Abstract: International audience; Implementation of conservation breeding programs is a key step to ensuring the sustainability of many endangered species. Infectious diseases can be serious threats for the success of such initiatives especially since knowledge on pathogens affecting those species is usually scarce. Houbara bustard species (Chlamydotis undulata and Chlamydotis macqueenii), whose populations have declined over the last decades, have been captive-bred for conservation purposes for more than 15 years. Avipoxviruses are of the highest concern for these species in captivity. Pox lesions were collected from breeding projects in North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia for 6 years in order to study the diversity of avipoxviruses responsible for clinical infections in Houbara bustard. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of 113 and 75 DNA sequences for P4b and fpv140 loci respectively, revealed an unexpected wide diversity of viruses affecting Houbara bustard even at a project scale: 17 genotypes equally distributed between fowlpox virus-like and canarypox virus-like have been identified in the present study. This suggests multiple and repeated introductions of virus and questions host specificity and control strategy of avipoxviruses. We also show that the observed high virus burden and co-evolution of diverse avipoxvirus strains at endemic levels may be responsible for the emergence of novel recombinant strains.
Published: 2014
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. Risk of zoonotic transmission of HEV from rabbits

Author: Martine Dubois, Jacques Izopet, Jean-Luc Guérin, Florence Abravanel, Sokunthea Top, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Sébastien Lhomme, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Purpan (CHU Purpan), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INSERM [U1043], and ProdInra, Migration
Subjects: LIVER, viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Rabbit, medicine.disease_cause, Virus Replication, Rodent Diseases, Zoonosis, Hepatitis E virus, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Zoonoses, Genotype, INFECTION, PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS, 0303 health sciences, biology, Transmission (medicine), virus diseases, Pig model, Human cell, 3. Good health, Hepatitis E, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Rabbits, Antibody, China, HEV, hepatitis E virus, UNITED-STATES, FRANCE, Risk Assessment, PATIENT, Article, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, HEPATITIS-E VIRUS, FAMILY HEPEVIRIDAE, Virology, medicine, Animals, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, Disease Reservoirs, 030306 microbiology, HIV, Serum samples, medicine.disease, United States, digestive system diseases, ORGAN-TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS, biology.protein
Abstract: International audience; Hepatitis E virus strains from rabbits indicate that these mammals may be a reservoir for HEVs that cause infection in humans. Further issues remain to be clarified, including whether the genotype of rabbit HEV differs from human and swine HEV genotype 3 and whether rabbit HEV can infect human and other animals. HEV was found in farmed rabbits in several geographic areas of China, in USA and more recently in France. The prevalence of antibodies against HEV was 36%, 57% and 55% in rabbits from Virginia (USA), Gansu Province and Beijing (China), respectively. HEV RNA was detected in 16.5% of serum samples from farmed rabbits in Virginia, 7.5% in Gansu Province and 7.0% in Beijing. HEV RNA was detected in 7% of bile samples from farmed rabbits and in 23% of liver samples from wild rabbits in France. The full-length genomic sequences analysis indicates that all the rabbit strains belong to the same clade. Nucleotide sequences were 72.2-78.2% identical to HEV genotypes 1-4. Comparison with HEV sequences of human strains circulating in France and reference sequences identified a human strain closely related to rabbit HEV. A 93-nucleotide insertion in the X domain of the ORF1 of the human strain and in all the rabbit HEV strains was found. Moreover, the ability of rabbit HEV to cause cross-species infection in a pig model has recently been demonstrated. Rabbit HEV can replicate efficiently in human cell lines. Collectively, these data support the possibility of zoonotic transmission of HEV from rabbits. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Published: 2013
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Genome sequence of SG33 strain and recombination between wild-type and vaccine myxoma viruses

Author: Jacqueline Gelfi, Jean-Luc Guérin, Magalie Gretillat, Robert Py, Christelle Camus-Bouclainville, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - ENVT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), rabbits, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Virologie, Molecular Sequence Data, lcsh:Medicine, Myxoma virus, Genome, Viral, Genome, Virus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Strain, 03 medical and health sciences, Wild-type, Myxomatosis, Infectious, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, medicine, Animals, Poxviridae, lcsh:RC109-216, Vaccine myxoma viruses, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, Recombination, Genetic, 0303 health sciences, genetic recombination, Attenuated vaccine, Myxomatosis, biology, 030306 microbiology, Strain (biology), Research, lcsh:R, Sequence Analysis, DNA, vaccines, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Recombination, 3. Good health, Vaccination, Infectious Diseases, Viruses, Genome sequence
Abstract: International audience; Myxomatosis in Europe is the result of the release of a South America strain of myxoma virus in 1952. Several attenuated strains with origins in South America or California have since been used as vaccines in the rabbit industry. We sequenced the genome of the SG33 myxoma virus vaccine strain and compared it with those of other myxoma virus strains. We show that SG33 genome carries a large deletion in its right end. Furthermore, our data strongly suggest that the virus isolate from which SG33 is derived results from an in vivo recombination between a wild-type South America (Lausanne) strain and a California MSDderived strain. These fi ndings raise questions about the use of insuffi ciently attenuated virus in vaccination.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Infection of nonhost species dendritic cells in vitro with an attenuated myxoma virus induces gene expression that predicts its efficacy as a vaccine vector

Author: Cécile Caubet, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Sokunthea Top, Gilles Meyer, Béatrice Pignolet, Christian Tasca, Eliane Foulon, Gilles Foucras, M. Deplanche, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and This work was funded by the VacGenDC ANR-06-GANI-015 project and by a grant from INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique) and CIRAD (Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement). E. Foulon was supported by grants from MENRT (Ministere de l'Education Nationale, de la Recherche et de la Technologie). B. Pignolet was supported by grants from INRA/AFSSA (Agence Francaise de Securite Sanitaire et Alimentaire). S. Top was supported by grants from INRA/CIRAD.
Subjects: vaccine vector, dendritic cell, Genetic Vectors, Immunology, Gene Expression, Myxoma virus, Vaccines, Attenuated, Microbiology, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, myxoma virus, Interferon, Vaccines and Antiviral Agents, medicine, Animals, Cells, Cultured, 030304 developmental biology, Infectivity, Drug Carriers, Vaccines, Synthetic, 0303 health sciences, Sheep, biology, Gene Expression Profiling, Viral Vaccine, Viral Vaccines, Dendritic Cells, Vaccine efficacy, biology.organism_classification, Virology, 3. Good health, virology, Gene expression profiling, Insect Science, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Drug Evaluation, Rabbits, 030215 immunology, medicine.drug
Abstract: Recombinant myxoma virus (MYXV) can be produced without a loss of infectivity, and its highly specific host range makes it an ideal vaccine vector candidate, although careful examination of its interaction with the immune system is necessary. Similar to rabbit bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs), ovine dendritic cells can be infected by SG33, a MYXV vaccine strain, and support recombinant antigen expression. The frequency of infected cells in the nonhost was lower and the virus cycle was abortive in these cell types. Among BM-DC subpopulations, Langerhans cell-like DCs were preferentially infected at low multiplicities of infection. Interestingly, ovine BM-DCs remained susceptible to MYXV after maturation, although apoptosis occurred shortly after infection as a function of the virus titer. When gene expression was assessed in infected BM-DC cultures, type I interferon (IFN)-related and inflammatory genes were strongly upregulated. DC gene expression profiles were compared with the profiles produced by other poxviruses in interaction with DCs, but very few commonalities were found, although genes that were previously shown to predict vaccine efficacy were present. Collectively, these data support the idea that MYXV permits efficient priming of adaptive immune responses and should be considered a promising vaccine vector along with other poxviruses.
Published: 2011
Full Text: View/download PDF

49. Technical Note: FIELD STUDY OF SAFETY AND ANTIBODY PRODUCTION FURTHER TO A COMBINED MYXOMATOSIS AND VIRAL HAEMORRHAGIC DISEASE (VHD) VACCINATION IN DWARF RABBITS BY INTRADERMAL ROUTE

Author: A. Alaphilippe, S. Lemière, Samuel Boucher, and Stéphane Bertagnoli
Subjects: Combined vaccine, Intradermal route, medicine.medical_treatment, Antibody production, Vhd, Immune system, medicine, Myxomatosis, biology, business.industry, medicine.disease, Rash, Virology, Syringe, Vaccination, Titer, Immunology, biology.protein, Animal Science and Zoology, Safety, medicine.symptom, Antibody, business, Adjuvant
Abstract: [EN] A study of safety of combined vaccination against myxomatosis and VHD was performed using a duly reconstituted vaccine made of a live homologous myxomatosis component SG33 strain and of an inactivated VHD component in adjuvant AG88 strain. The vaccine was administered intradermally to a representative sample of pet rabbits. A local reaction at the vaccine administration area was frequently observed from 2 to 3 days after vaccination in young animals. These local reactions were less frequently observed in adults. The reaction consisted of a local rash which usually disappeared 2 to 3 days after vaccination (maximum 1 week). The immune response following vaccination was monitored by antibody production against VHD and myxomatosis using, for the VHD vaccine component, an IHA titration method, and, for myxomatosis component, an ELISA titration method. Antibody production after vaccination was observed for both components. Maximum VHD IHA titre (192 ± 130) was obtained in vaccinated animals one month after vaccine administration. Antibodies were still detected in these animals one month later (94 ± 39). Mean titre obtained in unvaccinated controls was equal to 0. Maximum myxomatosis ELISA titre (10518 ± 2417) was obtained two months after vaccine administration. Mean titre obtained at the same time in unvaccinated controls was close to 0 (889 ± 744).
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. MNF, an ankyrin repeat protein of myxoma virus, is part of a native cellular SCF complex during viral infection

Author: Sophie Blanié, Jacqueline Gelfi, Stéphane Bertagnoli, Christelle Camus-Bouclainville, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - ENVT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Virulence Factors, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Short Report, Myxoma virus, Poxviridae Infections, Ankyrin, Recombinant virus, Virus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, Viral Proteins, Genes, Reporter, Virology, Native cellular, SCF - Viral, Chlorocebus aethiops, Animals, Immunoprecipitation, Poxviridae, lcsh:RC109-216, Nuclear protein, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases, biology, 030306 microbiology, Protein, biology.organism_classification, Fusion protein, 3. Good health, Ankyrin Repeat, Tumor Virus Infections, Infectious Diseases, Médecine vétérinaire et santé animal, Ankyrin repeat, Rabbits, Infection, Nuclear localization sequence, Protein Binding
Abstract: Myxoma virus (MYXV), a member of the Poxviridae family, is the agent responsible for myxomatosis, a fatal disease in the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Like all poxviruses, MYXV is known for encoding multiple proteins that regulate cellular signaling pathways. Among them, four proteins share the same ANK/PRANC structure: M148R, M149R, MNF (Myxoma Nuclear factor) and M-T5, all of them described as virulence factors. This family of poxvirus proteins, recently identified, has drawn considerable attention for its potential role in modulating the host ubiquitin-proteasome system during viral infection. To date, many members of this novel protein family have been shown to interact with SCF components, in vitro. Here, we focus on MNF gene, which has been shown to express a nuclear protein presenting nine ANK repeats, one of which has been identified as a nuclear localization signal. In transfection, MNF has been shown to colocalise with the transcription factor NF-κB in the nucleus of TNFα-stimulated cells. Functionally, MNF is a critical virulence factor since its deletion generates an almost apathogenic virus. In this study, to pursue the investigation of proteins interacting with MNF and of its mechanism of action, we engineered a recombinant MYXV expressing a GFP-linked MNF under the control of MNF native promoter. Infection of rabbits with MYXV-GFPMNF recombinant virus provided the evidence that the GFP fusion does not disturb the main function of MNF. Hence, cells were infected with MYXV-GFPMNF and immunoprecipitation of the GFPMNF fusion protein was performed to identify MNF's partners. For the first time, endogenous components of SCF (Cullin-1 and Skp1) were co-precipitated with an ANK myxoma virus protein, expressed in an infectious context, and without over-expression of any protein.
Published: 2010
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

76 results on '"Stéphane Bertagnoli"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources