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437 results on '"Stahlberg, M"'

1. Neutrino flux sensitivity to the next galactic core-collapse supernova in COSINUS

Author: Angloher, G., Bharadwaj, M. R., Cababie, M., Colantoni, I., Dafinei, I., De Santis, A. L., Di Marco, N., Einfalt, L., Ferella, F., Ferroni, F., Fichtinger, S., Filipponi, A., Frank, T., Friedl, M., Ge, Z., Heikinheimo, M., Hughes, M. N., Huitu, K., Kellermann, M., Maji, R., Mancuso, M., Pagnanini, L., Petricca, F., Pirro, S., Pröbst, F., Profeta, G., Puiu, A., Reindl, F., Schaeffner, K., Schieck, J., Schreiner, P., Schwertner, C., Shera, K., Stahlberg, M., Stendhal, A., Stukel, M., Tresca, C., Wagner, F., Yue, S., Zema, V., Zhu, Y., and Pagliaroli, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: While neutrinos are often treated as a background for many dark matter experiments, these particles offer a new avenue for physics: the detection of core-collapse supernovae. Supernovae are extremely energetic, violent and complex events that mark the death of massive stars. During their collapse stars emit a large number of neutrinos in a short burst. These neutrinos carry 99\% of the emitted energy which makes their detection fundamental in understanding supernovae. This paper illustrates how COSINUS (Cryogenic Observatory for SIgnatures seen in Next-generation Underground Searches), a sodium iodide (NaI) based dark matter search, will be sensitive to the next galactic core-collapse supernova. The experiment is composed of two separate detectors which will be sensitive to far and nearby supernovae. The inner core of the experiment will consist of NaI crystals operating as scintillating calorimeters, mainly sensitive to the Coherent Elastic Scattering of Neutrinos (CE$\nu$NS) against the Na and I nuclei. The low mass of the cryogenic detectors gives the experiment a sensitivity to close supernovae below 1kpc without pileup. They will see up to hundreds of CE$\nu$NS events from a supernova happening at 200pc. The crystals reside at the center of a cylindrical 230T water tank, instrumented with 30 photomultipliers. This tank acts as a passive and active shield able to detect the Cherenkov radiation induced by impinging charged particles from ambient and cosmogenic radioactivity. A supernova near the Milky Way Center (10kpc) will be easily detected inducing $\sim$60 measurable events, and the water tank will have a 3$\sigma$ sensitivity to supernovae up to 22kpc, seeing $\sim$10 events. This paper shows how, even without dedicated optimization, modern dark matter experiments will also play their part in the multi-messenger effort to detect the next galactic core-collapse supernova.
Published: 2024

2. First observation of single photons in a CRESST detector and new dark matter exclusion limits

Author: CRESST Collaboration, Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Kuckuk, S., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mauri, B., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Wagner, V., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The main goal of the CRESST-III experiment is the direct detection of dark matter particles via their scattering off target nuclei in cryogenic detectors. In this work we present the results of a Silicon-On-Sapphire (SOS) detector with a mass of 0.6$\,$g and an energy threshold of (6.7$\, \pm \,$0.2)$\,$eV with a baseline energy resolution of (1.0$\, \pm \,$0.2)$\,$eV. This allowed for a calibration via the detection of single luminescence photons in the eV-range, which could be observed in CRESST for the first time. We present new exclusion limits on the spin-independent and spin-dependent dark matter-nucleon cross section that extend to dark matter particle masses of less than 100$\,$MeV/c$^{2}$., Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2024

3. Water Cherenkov muon veto for the COSINUS experiment: design and simulation optimization

Author: Angloher, G., Bharadwaj, M. R., Cababie, M., Dafinei, I., Di Marco, N., Einfalt, L., Ferroni, F., Fichtinger, S., Filipponi, A., Frank, T., Friedl, M., Ge, Z., Heikinheimo, M., Hughes, M. N., Huitu, K., Kellermann, M., Maji, R., Mancuso, M., Pagnanini, L., Petricca, F., Pirro, S., Pröbst, F., Profeta, G., Puiu, A., Reindl, F., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schreiner, P., Schwertner, C., Shera, K., Stahlberg, M., Stendhal, A., Stukel, M., Tresca, C., Wagner, F., Yue, S., Zema, V., and Zhu, Y.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: COSINUS is a dark matter (DM) direct search experiment that uses sodium iodide (NaI) crystals as cryogenic calorimeters. Thanks to the low nuclear recoil energy threshold and event-by-event discrimination capability, COSINUS will address the long-standing DM claim made by the DAMA/LIBRA collaboration. The experiment is currently under construction at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy, and employs a large cylindrical water tank as a passive shield to meet the required background rate. However, muon-induced neutrons can mimic a DM signal therefore requiring an active veto system, which is achieved by instrumenting the water tank with an array of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). This study optimizes the number, arrangement, and trigger conditions of the PMTs as well as the size of an optically invisible region. The objective was to maximize the muon veto efficiency while minimizing the accidental trigger rate due to the ambient and instrumental background. The final configuration predicts a veto efficiency of 99.63 $\pm$ 0.16 $\%$ and 44.4 $\pm$ $5.6\%$ in the tagging of muon events and showers of secondary particles, respectively. The active veto will reduce the cosmogenic neutron background rate to 0.11 $\pm$ 0.02 cts$\cdot$kg$^{-1}$$\cdot$year$^{-1}$, corresponding to less than one background event in the region of interest for the whole COSINUS-1$\pi$ exposure of 1000 kg$\cdot$days.
Published: 2024
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4. DoubleTES detectors to investigate the CRESST low energy background: results from above-ground prototypes

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Kuckuk, S., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mauri, B., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Wagner, V., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: In recent times, the sensitivity of low-mass direct dark matter searches has been limited by unknown low energy backgrounds close to the energy threshold of the experiments known as the low energy excess (LEE). The CRESST experiment utilises advanced cryogenic detectors constructed with different types of crystals equipped with Transition Edge Sensors (TESs) to measure signals of nuclear recoils induced by the scattering of dark matter particles in the detector. In CRESST, this low energy background manifests itself as a steeply rising population of events below 200 eV. A novel detector design named doubleTES using two identical TESs on the target crystal was studied to investigate the hypothesis that the events are sensor-related. We present the first results from two such modules, demonstrating their ability to differentiate between events originating from the crystal's bulk and those occurring in the sensor or in its close proximity., Comment: 10 pages, 13 figures
Published: 2024

5. A likelihood framework for cryogenic scintillating calorimeters used in the CRESST dark matter search

Author: CRESST Collaboration, Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Kuckuk, S., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mauri, B., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Wagner, V., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Cryogenic scintillating calorimeters are ultrasensitive particle detectors for rare event searches, particularly for the search for dark matter and the measurement of neutrino properties. These detectors are made from scintillating target crystals generating two signals for each particle interaction. The phonon (heat) signal precisely measures the deposited energy independent of the type of interacting particle. The scintillation light signal yields particle discrimination on an event-by-event basis. This paper presents a likelihood framework modeling backgrounds and a potential dark matter signal in the two-dimensional plane spanned by phonon and scintillation light energies. We apply the framework to data from CaWO$_4$-based detectors operated in the CRESST dark matter search. For the first time, a single likelihood framework is used in CRESST to model the data and extract results on dark matter in one step by using a profile likelihood ratio test. Our framework simultaneously fits (neutron) calibration data and physics (background) data and allows combining data from multiple detectors. Although tailored to CaWO$_4$-targets and the CRESST experiment, the framework can easily be expanded to other materials and experiments using scintillating cryogenic calorimeters for dark matter search and neutrino physics., Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, additional figures and data in ancillary files (on arXiv or at journal reference)
Published: 2024
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6. COSINUS:TES-instrumented NaI Crystals for Direct Dark Matter Search

Author: Stahlberg, M., Angloher, G., Bharadwaj, M. R., Cababie, M. R., Dafinei, I., Di Marco, N., Einfalt, L., Ferroni, F., Fichtinger, S., Filipponi, A., Frank, T., Friedl, M., Fuss, A., Ge, Z., Heikinheimo, M., Hughes, M. N., Huitu, K., Kellermann, M., Maji, R., Mancuso, M., Pagnanini, L., Petricca, F., Pirro, S., Pröbst, F., Profeta, G., Puiu, A., Reindl, F., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schreiner, P., Schwertner, C., Shera, K., Stendahl, A., Stukel, M., Tresca, C., Wagner, F., Yue, S., Zema, V., and Zhu, Y.
Published: 2024
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7. A Vibration Decoupling System for TES Operation in the COSINUS Dry Dilution Refrigerator

Author: Kellermann, M., Angloher, G., Bharadawj, M. R., Cababie, M., Dafinei, I., Di Marco, N., Einfalt, L., Ferroni, F., Fichtinger, S., Filipponi, A., Frank, T., Friedl, M., Ge, Z., Heikinheimo, M., Hughes, M. N., Huitu, K., Maji, R., Mancuso, M., Pagnanini, L., Petricca, F., Pirro, S., Pröbst, F., Profeta, G., Puiu, A., Reindl, F., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schreiner, P., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stendahl, A., Stukel, M. J., Tresca, C., Wagner, F., Yue, S., Zema, V., and Zhu, Y.
Published: 2024
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8. Description and Performance of the COSINUS remoTES Design

Author: Zema, V., Shera, K., Angloher, G., Bharadwaj, M. R., Cababie, M. R., Dafinei, I., Di Marco, N., Einfalt, L., Ferroni, F., Fichtinger, S., Filipponi, A., Frank, T., Friedl, M., Ge, Z., Heikinheimo, M., Hughes, M. N., Huitu, K., Kellermann, M., Maji, R., Mancuso, M., Pagnanini, L., Petricca, F., Pirro, S., Pröbst, F., Profeta, G., Puiu, A., Reindl, F., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schreiner, P. R., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stendahl, A., Stukel, M., Tresca, C., Wagner, F., Yue, S., and Zhu, Y.
Published: 2024
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9. Dark Matter-Electron Scattering Search Using Cryogenic Light Detectors

Author: Zema, V., Figueroa, P., Angloher, G., Bharadwaj, M. R., Frank, T., Hughes, M. N., Kellermann, M., Pröbst, F., Schäffner, K., Shera, K., and Stahlberg, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The CSC (cryogenic scintillating calorimeter) technology devoted to rare event searches is reaching the sensitivity level required for the hunt of dark matter-electron scatterings. Dark matter-electron interactions in scintillating targets are expected to stimulate the emission of single photons, each of energy equal to the target electronic band gap. The electronic band gap in scintillators like NaI/GaAs is of O(eV). The search for this signal can be done by an array of cryogenic light detectors with eV/sub-eV energy resolution. In this work, we describe the detection principle, the detector response and the envisioned detector design to search for dark matter interacting with electrons via the measurement of the scintillation light at millikelvin. First sensitivity projections are provided, which show the potential of this research.
Published: 2024

10. Detector Development for the CRESST Experiment

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D’Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. V., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Kuckuk, S., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mauri, B., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Published: 2024
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11. Detector development for the CRESST experiment

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Kuckuk, S., Langenkaemper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mauri, B., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Proebst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schaeffner, K., Schieck, J., Schoenert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Recently low-mass dark matter direct searches have been hindered by a low energy background, drastically reducing the physics reach of the experiments. In the CRESST-III experiment, this signal is characterised by a significant increase of events below 200 eV. As the origin of this background is still unknown, it became necessary to develop new detector designs to reach a better understanding of the observations. Within the CRESST collaboration, three new different detector layouts have been developed and they are presented in this contribution., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2023

12. Light Dark Matter Search Using a Diamond Cryogenic Detector

Author: CRESST Collaboration, Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Kuckuk, S., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mauri, B., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Diamond operated as a cryogenic calorimeter is an excellent target for direct detection of low-mass dark matter candidates. Following the realization of the first low-threshold cryogenic detector that uses diamond as absorber for astroparticle physics applications, we now present the resulting exclusion limits on the elastic spin-independent interaction cross-section of dark matter with diamond. We measured two 0.175 g CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) diamond samples, each instrumented with a W-TES. Thanks to the energy threshold of just 16.8 eV of one of the two detectors, we set exclusion limits on the elastic spin-independent interaction of dark matter particles with carbon nuclei down to dark matter masses as low as 0.122 GeV/c2. This work shows the scientific potential of cryogenic detectors made from diamond and lays the foundation for the use of this material as target for direct detection dark matter experiments., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2023

13. A likelihood framework for cryogenic scintillating calorimeters used in the CRESST dark matter search

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D’Addabbo, A., Lorenzo, S. Di, Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Kuckuk, S., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mauri, B., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Wagner, V., and Zema, V.
Published: 2024
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14. Deep-underground dark matter search with a COSINUS detector prototype

Author: The COSINUS Collaboration, Angloher, G., Bharadwaj, M. R., Dafinei, I., Di Marco, N., Einfalt, L., Ferroni, F., Fichtinger, S., Filipponi, A., Frank, T., Friedl, M., Fuss, A., Ge, Z., Heikinheimo, M., Hughes, M. N., Huitu, K., Kellermann, M., Maji, R., Mancuso, M., Pagnanini, L., Petricca, F., Pirro, S., Proebst, F., Profeta, G., Puiu, A., Reindl, F., Schaeffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schwertner, C., Shera, K., Stahlberg, M., Stendahl, A., Stukel, M., Tresca, C., Wagner, F., Yue, S., Zema, V., and Zhu, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Sodium iodide (NaI) based cryogenic scintillating calorimeters using quantum sensors for signal read out have shown promising first results towards a model-independent test of the annually modulating signal detected by the DAMA/LIBRA dark matter experiment. The COSINUS collaboration has previously reported on the first above-ground measurements using a dual channel readout of phonons and light based on transition edge sensors (TESs) that allows for particle discrimination on an event-by-event basis. In this letter, we outline the first underground measurement of a NaI cryogenic calorimeter read out via the novel remoTES scheme. A 3.67 g NaI absorber with an improved silicon light detector design was operated at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. A significant improvement in the discrimination power of $e^-$/$\gamma$-events to nuclear recoils was observed with a five-fold improvement in the nuclear recoil baseline resolution, achieving $\sigma$ = 441 eV. Furthermore, we present a limit on the spin-independent dark-matter nucleon elastic scattering cross-section achieving a sensitivity of $\mathcal{O}$(pb) with an exposure of only 11.6 g d., Comment: 11 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2023

15. Particle discrimination in a NaI crystal using the COSINUS remote TES design

Author: COSINUS Collaboration, Angloher, G., Bharadwaj, M. R., Dafinei, I., Di Marco, N., Einfalt, L., Ferroni, F., Fichtinger, S., Filipponi, A., Frank, T., Friedl, M., Fuss, A., Ge, Z., Heikinheimo, M., Hughes, M. N., Huitu, K., Kellermann, M., Maji, R., Mancuso, M., Pagnanini, L., Petricca, F., Pirro, S., Pröbst, F., Profeta, G., Puiu, A., Reindl, F., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stendhal, A., Stukel, M., Tresca, C., Wagner, F., Yue, S., Zema, V., Zhu, Y., Bento, A., Canonica, L., and Garai, A.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The COSINUS direct dark matter experiment situated at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy is set to investigate the nature of the annually modulating signal detected by the DAMA/LIBRA experiment. COSINUS has already demonstrated that sodium iodide crystals can be operated at mK temperature as cryogenic scintillating calorimeters using transition edge sensors, despite the complication of handling a hygroscopic and low melting point material. With results from a new COSINUS prototype, we show that particle discrimination on an event-by-event basis in NaI is feasible using the dual-channel readout of both phonons and scintillation light. The detector was mounted in the novel remoTES design and operated in an above-ground facility for 9.06 g$\cdot$d of exposure. With a 3.7 g NaI crystal, e$^-$/$\gamma$ events could be clearly distinguished from nuclear recoils down to the nuclear recoil energy threshold of 15 keV., Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2023
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16. High-Dimensional Bayesian Likelihood Normalisation for CRESST's Background Model

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Jeskovsky, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Kuckuk, S., Langenkaemper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Nilima, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Proebst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schaeffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schoenert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., Zema, V., Ferella, F., Laubenstein, M., and Nisi, S.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Using CaWO$_4$ crystals as cryogenic calorimeters, the CRESST experiment searches for nuclear recoils caused by the scattering of potential Dark Matter particles. A reliable identification of a potential signal crucially depends on an accurate background model. In this work we introduce an improved normalisation method for CRESST's model of the electromagnetic backgrounds. Spectral templates, based on Geant4 simulations, are normalised via a Bayesian likelihood fit to experimental background data. Contrary to our previous work, no assumption of partial secular equilibrium is required, which results in a more robust and versatile applicability. Furthermore, considering the correlation between all background components allows us to explain 82.7% of the experimental background within [1 keV, 40 keV], an improvement of 18.6% compared to our previous method., Comment: 24 pages, 14 figures, submitted to EPJC
Published: 2023

17. Optimal Operation of Cryogenic Calorimeters Through Deep Reinforcement Learning

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D’Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., v. Feilitzsch, F., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kuckuk, S., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mauri, B., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Niedermayer, K., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Wagner, V., Willers, M., Zema, V., Heitzinger, C., and Waltenberger, W.
Published: 2024
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18. Observation of a low energy nuclear recoil peak in the neutron calibration data of the CRESST-III Experiment

Author: CRESST Collaboration, Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gerster, S., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Nilima, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: New-generation direct searches for low mass dark matter feature detection thresholds at energies well below 100 eV, much lower than the energies of commonly used X-ray calibration sources. This requires new calibration sources with sub-keV energies. When searching for nuclear recoil signals, the calibration source should ideally cause mono-energetic nuclear recoils in the relevant energy range. Recently, a new calibration method based on the radiative neutron capture on $^{182}$W with subsequent de-excitation via single $\gamma$-emission leading to a nuclear recoil peak at 112 eV was proposed. The CRESST-III dark matter search operated several CaWO$_{4}$-based detector modules with detection thresholds below 100 eV in the past years. We report the observation of a peak around the expected energy of 112 eV in the data of three different detector modules recorded while irradiated with neutrons from different AmBe calibration sources. We compare the properties of the observed peaks with Geant-4 simulations and assess the prospects of using this for the energy calibration of CRESST-III detectors., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Published: 2023
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19. Results on sub-GeV Dark Matter from a 10 eV Threshold CRESST-III Silicon Detector

Author: CRESST Collaboration, Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gerster, S., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Nilima, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present limits on the spin-independent interaction cross section of dark matter particles with silicon nuclei, derived from data taken with a cryogenic calorimeter with 0.35 g target mass operated in the CRESST-III experiment. A baseline nuclear recoil energy resolution of $(1.36\pm 0.05)$ eV$_{\text{nr}}$, currently the lowest reported for macroscopic particle detectors, and a corresponding energy threshold of $(10.0\pm 0.2)$ eV$_{\text{nr}}$ have been achieved, improving the sensitivity to light dark matter particles with masses below 160 MeV/c$^2$ by a factor of up to 20 compared to previous results. We characterize the observed low energy excess, and we exclude noise triggers and radioactive contaminations on the crystal surfaces as dominant contributions., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures; precised the position of the calibration source in Fig. 1; extended the discussion about the observed energy spectrum; added the DM limit curve to ancillary files. Published in Phys. Rev. D
Published: 2022
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20. Towards an automated data cleaning with deep learning in CRESST

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Bartolot, D., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gerster, S., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Lackner, M., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Nilima, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rizvanovic, D., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., Zema, V., and Waltenberger, W.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The CRESST experiment employs cryogenic calorimeters for the sensitive measurement of nuclear recoils induced by dark matter particles. The recorded signals need to undergo a careful cleaning process to avoid wrongly reconstructed recoil energies caused by pile-up and read-out artefacts. We frame this process as a time series classification task and propose to automate it with neural networks. With a data set of over one million labeled records from 68 detectors, recorded between 2013 and 2019 by CRESST, we test the capability of four commonly used neural network architectures to learn the data cleaning task. Our best performing model achieves a balanced accuracy of 0.932 on our test set. We show on an exemplary detector that about half of the wrongly predicted events are in fact wrongly labeled events, and a large share of the remaining ones have a context-dependent ground truth. We furthermore evaluate the recall and selectivity of our classifiers with simulated data. The results confirm that the trained classifiers are well suited for the data cleaning task., Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
Published: 2022
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21. Secular Equilibrium Assessment in a $\mathrm{CaWO}_4$ Target Crystal from the Dark Matter Experiment CRESST using Bayesian Likelihood Normalisation

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mokina, V., Nilima, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., Zema, V., Ferella, F., Laubenstein, M., and Nisi, S.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: CRESST is a leading direct detection sub-$\mathrm{GeVc}^{-2}$ dark matter experiment. During its second phase, cryogenic bolometers were used to detect nuclear recoils off the $\mathrm{CaWO}_4$ target crystal nuclei. The previously established electromagnetic background model relies on secular equilibrium (SE) assumptions. In this work, a validation of SE is attempted by comparing two likelihood-based normalisation results using a recently developed spectral template normalisation method based on Bayesian likelihood. We find deviations from SE; further investigations are necessary to determine their origin., Comment: Part of special issue: ICRM-LLRMT22 8th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology - Low Level Radioactivity Measurement and Techniques, 6 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2022
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22. Latest observations on the low energy excess in CRESST-III

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gerster, S., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Nilima, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The CRESST experiment observes an unexplained excess of events at low energies. In the current CRESST-III data-taking campaign we are operating detector modules with different designs to narrow down the possible explanations. In this work, we show first observations of the ongoing measurement, focusing on the comparison of time, energy and temperature dependence of the excess in several detectors. These exclude dark matter, radioactive backgrounds and intrinsic sources related to the crystal bulk as a major contribution., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures; to be published in IDM2022 proceedings; corrected several minor typos
Published: 2022
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23. Testing spin-dependent dark matter interactions with lithium aluminate targets in CRESST-III

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gerster, S., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Nilima, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: In the past decades, numerous experiments have emerged to unveil the nature of dark matter, one of the most discussed open questions in modern particle physics. Among them, the CRESST experiment, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, operates scintillating crystals as cryogenic phonon detectors. In this work, we present first results from the operation of two detector modules which both have 10.46 g LiAlO$_2$ targets in CRESST-III. The lithium contents in the crystal are $^6$Li, with an odd number of protons and neutrons, and $^7$Li, with an odd number of protons. By considering both isotopes of lithium and $^{27}$Al, we set the currently strongest cross section upper limits on spin-dependent interaction of dark matter with protons and neutrons for the mass region between 0.25 and 1.5 GeV/c$^2$., Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2022
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24. Light dark matter search using a diamond cryogenic detector

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D’Addabbo, A., Lorenzo, S. Di, Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Jes̆kovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Kuckuk, S., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mauri, B., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Published: 2024
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25. EXCESS workshop: Descriptions of rising low-energy spectra

Author: Adari, P., Aguilar-Arevalo, A., Amidei, D., Angloher, G., Armengaud, E., Augier, C., Balogh, L., Banik, S., Baxter, D., Beaufort, C., Beaulieu, G., Belov, V., Gal, Y. Ben, Benato, G., Benoît, A., Bento, A., Bergé, L., Bertolini, A., Bhattacharyya, R., Billard, J., Bloch, I. M., Botti, A., Breier, R., Bres, G., Bret, J-. L., Broniatowski, A., Brossard, A., Bucci, C., Bunker, R., Cababie, M., Calvo, M., Camus, P., Cancelo, G., Canonica, L., Cappella, F., Cardani, L., Caron, J. -F., Casali, N., del Castello, G., Cazes, A., Cerulli, R., Vergara, B. A. Cervantes, Chaize, D., Chapellier, M., Chaplinsky, L., Charlieux, F., Chaudhuri, M., Chavarria, A. E., Chemin, G., Chen, R., Chen, H., Chierchie, F., Colantoni, I., Colas, J., Cooley, J., Coquillat, J. -M., Corcoran, E. C., Crawford, S., Crisler, M., Cruciani, A., Cushman, P., D'Addabbo, A., D'Olivo, J. C., Dastgheibi-Fard, A., De Jésus, M., Deng, Y., Dent, J. B., Depaoli, E. L., Dering, K., Dharani, S., Di Lorenzo, S., Drlica-Wagner, A., Dumoulin, L., Durnford, D., Dutta, B., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Erhart, A., Essig, R., Estrada, J., Etzion, E., Exshaw, O., Favela-Perez, F., Feilitzsch, F. v., Moroni, G. Fernandez, Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Ferriol, S., Fichtinger, S., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Filippini, J. -B., Filosofov, D., Formaggio, J. A., Friedl, M., Fuard, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Gaïor, R., Garai, A., Garrah, C., Gascon, J., Gerbier, G., Ghaith, M., Ghete, V. M., Gift, D., Giomataris, I., Giroux, G., Giuliani, A., Gorel, P., Gorla, P., Goupy, C., Goupy, J., Goy, C., Gros, M., Gros, P., Guardincerri, Y., Guerin, C., Guidi, V., Guillaudin, O., Gupta, S., Guy, E., Harrington, P., Hauff, D., Heine, S. T., Hertel, S. A., Holland, S. E., Hong, Z., Hoppe, E. W., Hossbach, T. W., Ianigro, J. -C., Iyer, V., Jastram, A., Ješkovský, M., Jin, Y., Jochum, J., Johnston, J. P., Juillard, A., Karaivanov, D., Kashyap, V., Katsioulas, I., Kazarcev, S., Kaznacheeva, M., Kelly, F., Kilminster, B., Kinast, A., Klinkenberg, L., Kluck, H., Knights, P., Korn, Y., Kraus, H., von Krosigk, B., Kubik, A., Kurinsky, N. A., Lamblin, J., Langenkämper, A., Langrock, S., Lasserre, T., Lattaud, H., Lautridou, P., Lawson, I., Lee, S. J., Lee, M., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhuillier, D., Li, M., Lin, Y. -T., Lubashevskiy, A., Mahapatra, R., Maludze, S., Mancuso, M., Manthos, I., Marini, L., Marnieros, S., Martin, R. D., Matalon, A., Matthews, J., Mauri, B., Mayer, D. W., Mazzolari, A., Mazzucato, E., Theenhausen, H. Meyer zu, Michielin, E., Minet, J., Mirabolfathi, N., Mirbach, K. v., Misiak, D., Mitra, P., Mocellin, J-. L., Mohanty, B., Mokina, V., Mols, J. -P., Monfardini, A., Mounier, F., Munagavalasa, S., Muraz, J. -F., Navick, X. -F., Neep, T., Neog, H., Neyrial, H., Nikolopoulos, K., Nilima, A., Nones, C., Novati, V., O'Brien, P., Oberauer, L., Olivieri, E., Olmi, M., Onillon, A., Oriol, C., Orly, A., Orrell, J. L., Ortmann, T., Overman, C. T., Pagliarone, C., Palušová, V., Pari, P., Patel, P. K., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Piers, A., Pinckney, H. D., Piro, M. -C., Platt, M., Poda, D., Ponomarev, D., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Privitera, P., Pucci, F., Ramanathan, K., Real, J. -S., Redon, T., Reindl, F., Ren, R., Robert, A., Da Rocha, J., Rodrigues, D., Rogly, R., Rothe, J., Rowe, N., Rozov, S., Rozova, I., Saab, T., Saffold, N., Salagnac, T., Sander, J., Sanglard, V., Santos, D., Sarkis, Y., Savu, V., Savvidis, G., Savvidis, I., Schönert, S., Schäffner, K., Schermer, N., Schieck, J., Schmidt, B., Schmiedmayer, D., Schwertner, C., Scola, L., Settimo, M., Shevchik, Ye., Sibille, V., Sidelnik, I., Singal, A., Smida, R., Haro, M. Sofo, Soldner, T., Stachurska, J., Stahlberg, M., Stefanazzi, L., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Stutz, A., Thomas, R., Thompson, A., Tiffenberg, J., Tomei, C., Traina, M., Uemura, S., Usherov, I., Vagneron, L., Van De Pontseele, W., Fernandez, F. A. Vazquez de Sola, Vidal, M., Vignati, M., Virto, A. L., Vivier, M., Volansky, T., Wagner, V., Wagner, F., Walker, J., Ward, R., Watkins, S. L., Wex, A., Willers, M., Wilson, M. J., Winslow, L., Yakushev, E., Yu, T. -T., Zampaolo, M., Zaytsev, A., Zema, V., Zinatulina, D., and Zolotarova, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Many low-threshold experiments observe sharply rising event rates of yet unknown origins below a few hundred eV, and larger than expected from known backgrounds. Due to the significant impact of this excess on the dark matter or neutrino sensitivity of these experiments, a collective effort has been started to share the knowledge about the individual observations. For this, the EXCESS Workshop was initiated. In its first iteration in June 2021, ten rare event search collaborations contributed to this initiative via talks and discussions. The contributing collaborations were CONNIE, CRESST, DAMIC, EDELWEISS, MINER, NEWS-G, NUCLEUS, RICOCHET, SENSEI and SuperCDMS. They presented data about their observed energy spectra and known backgrounds together with details about the respective measurements. In this paper, we summarize the presented information and give a comprehensive overview of the similarities and differences between the distinct measurements. The provided data is furthermore publicly available on the workshop's data repository together with a plotting tool for visualization., Comment: 44 pages, 20 figures; Editors: A. Fuss, M. Kaznacheeva, F. Reindl, F. Wagner; updated copyright statements and funding information
Published: 2022
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26. Probing spin-dependent dark matter interactions with $^6$Li

Author: Angloher, G., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertoldo, E., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gorla, P., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mokina, V., Nilima, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Palušová, V., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: CRESST is one of the most prominent direct detection experiments for dark matter particles with sub-GeV/c$^2$ mass. One of the advantages of the CRESST experiment is the possibility to include a large variety of nuclides in the target material used to probe dark matter interactions. In this work, we discuss in particular the interactions of dark matter particles with protons and neutrons of $^{6}$Li. This is now possible thanks to new calculations on nuclear matrix elements of this specific isotope of Li. To show the potential of using this particular nuclide for probing dark matter interactions, we used the data collected previously by a CRESST prototype based on LiAlO$_2$ and operated in an above ground test-facility at Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Physik in Munich, Germany. In particular, the inclusion of $^{6}$Li in the limit calculation drastically improves the result obtained for spin-dependent interactions with neutrons in the whole mass range. The improvement is significant, greater than two order of magnitude for dark matter masses below 1 GeV/c$^2$, compared to the limit previously published with the same data.
Published: 2022
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27. First measurements of remoTES cryogenic calorimeters: easy-to-fabricate particle detectors for a wide choice of target materials

Author: Angloher, G., Bharadwaj, M. R., Dafinei, I., Di Marco, N., Einfalt, L., Ferroni, F., Fichtinger, S., Filipponi, A., Frank, T., Friedl, M., Fuss, A., Ge, Z., Heikinheimo, M., Huitu, K., Kellermann, M., Maji, R., Mancuso, M., Pagnanini, L., Petricca, F., Pirro, S., Proebst, F., Profeta, G., Puiu, A., Reindl, F., Schaeffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stendahl, A., Wagner, F., Yue, S., Zema, V., Zhu, Y., Bento, A., Canonica, L., and Garai, A.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Low-temperature calorimeters based on a readout via Transition Edge Sensors (TESs) and operated below $100$ mK are well suited for rare event searches with outstanding resolution and low thresholds. We present first experimental results from two detector prototypes using a novel design of the thermometer coupling denoted remoTES, which further extends the applicability of the TES technology by including a wider class of potential absorber materials. In particular, this design facilitates the use of materials whose physical and chemical properties, as e.g. hygroscopicity, low hardness and low melting point, prevent the direct fabrication of the TES onto their surface. This is especially relevant in the context of the COSINUS experiment (Cryogenic Observatory for SIgnals seen in Next-Generation Underground Searches), where sodium iodide (NaI) is used as absorber material. With two remoTES prototype detectors operated in an above-ground R&D facility, we achieve energy resolutions of $\sigma=87.8$ eV for a $2.33$ g silicon absorber and $\sigma = 193.5$ eV for a $2.27$ g $\alpha$-TeO$_{2}$ absorber, respectively. RemoTES calorimeters offer - besides the wider choice of absorber materials - a simpler production process combined with a higher reproducibility for large detector arrays and an enhanced radiopurity standard.
Published: 2021
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28. Simulation-based design study for the passive shielding of the COSINUS dark matter experiment

Author: Angloher, G., Dafinei, I., Di Marco, N., Ferroni, F., Fichtinger, S., Filipponi, A., Friedl, M., Fuss, A., Ge, Z., Heikinheimo, M., Huitu, K., Maji, R., Mancuso, M., Pagnanini, L., Petricca, F., Pirro, S., Pröbst, F., Profeta, G., Puiu, A., Reindl, F., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stendahl, A., Wagner, F., Yue, S., Zema, V., Zhu, Y., and Pandola, L.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The COSINUS (Cryogenic Observatory for SIgnatures seen in Next-generation Underground Searches) experiment aims at the detection of dark matter-induced recoils in sodium iodide (NaI) crystals operated as scintillating cryogenic calorimeters. The detection of both scintillation light and phonons allows performing an event-by-event signal to background discrimination, thus enhancing the sensitivity of the experiment. The construction of the experimental facility is foreseen to start by 2021 at the INFN Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) in Italy. It consists of a cryostat housing the target crystals shielded from the external radioactivity by a water tank acting, at the same time, as an active veto against cosmic ray-induced events. Taking into account both environmental radioactivity and intrinsic contamination of materials used for cryostat, shielding and infrastructure, we performed a careful background budget estimation. The goal is to evaluate the number of events that could mimic or interfere with signal detection while optimising the geometry of the experimental setup. In this paper we present the results of the detailed Monte Carlo simulations we performed, together with the final design of the setup that minimises the residual amount of background particles reaching the detector volume., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2021
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29. Cryogenic characterization of a LiAlO$_{2}$ crystal and new results on spin-dependent dark matter interactions with ordinary matter

Author: Abdelhameed, A. H., Angloher, G., Bauer, P., Bento, A., Bertoldo, E., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Ghete, V. M., Garai, A., Gorla, P., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaizer, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Mokina, V., Mondragon, E., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Palušová, V., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schipperges, V., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., Zema, V., Zeman, J., Brützam, M., and Ganschow, S.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: In this work, a first cryogenic characterization of a scintillating LiAlO$_{2}$ single crystal is presented. The results achieved show that this material holds great potential as a target for direct dark matter search experiments. Three different detector modules obtained from one crystal grown at the Leibniz-Institut f\"ur Kristallz\"uchtung (IKZ) have been tested to study different properties at cryogenic temperatures. Firstly, two 2.8 g twin crystals were used to build different detector modules which were operated in an above-ground laboratory at the Max Planck Institute for Physics (MPP) in Munich, Germany. The first detector module was used to study the scintillation properties of LiAlO$_{2}$ at cryogenic temperatures. The second achieved an energy threshold of (213.02$\pm$1.48) eV which allows setting a competitive limit on the spin-dependent dark matter particle-proton scattering cross section for dark matter particle masses between 350 MeV/c$^{2}$ and 1.50 GeV/c$^{2}$. Secondly, a detector module with a 373 g LiAlO$_{2}$ crystal as the main absorber was tested in an underground facility at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS): from this measurement it was possible to determine the radiopurity of the crystal and study the feasibility of using this material as a neutron flux monitor for low-background experiments.
Published: 2020
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30. Improving the Quality of CaWO4 Target Crystals for CRESST

Author: Kinast, A., Angloher, G., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., D’Addabbo, A., Lorenzo, S. Di, Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. V., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Garai, A., Ghete, V.-M., Gorla, P., Gupta, S., Hamilton, F., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mokina, V., Nilima, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Palušová, V., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Published: 2022
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31. Geant4-based electromagnetic background model for the CRESST dark matter experiment

Author: CRESST Collaboration, Abdelhameed, A. H., Angloher, G., Bauer, P., Bento, A., Bertoldo, E., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fichtinger, S., Fuss, A., Gorla, P., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaizer, J., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Mokina, V., Mondragón, E., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Palušová, V., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schipperges, V., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Türkoğlu, C., Usherov, I., Willers, M., Zema, V., and Zeman, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The CRESST (Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers) dark matter search experiment aims for the detection of dark matter particles via elastic scattering off nuclei in $\mathrm{CaWO_4}$ crystals. To understand the CRESST electromagnetic background due to the bulk contamination in the employed materials, a model based on Monte Carlo simulations was developed using the Geant4 simulation toolkit. The results of the simulation are applied to the TUM40 detector module of CRESST-II phase 2. We are able to explain up to $(68 \pm 16)\,\mathrm{\%}$ of the electromagnetic background in the energy range between $1\,\mathrm{keV}$ and $40\,\mathrm{keV}$., Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2019
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32. Description of CRESST-III Data

Author: CRESST Collaboration, Abdelhameed, A. H., Angloher, G., Bauer, P., Bento, A., Bertoldo, E., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Defay, X., Di Lorenzo, S., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Fichtinger, S., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fuss, A., Gorla, P., Hauff, D., Jochum, J., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Mokina, V., Mondragon, E., Münster, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schipperges, V., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Türkoglu, C., Usherov, I., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: In CRESST-III, 10 cryogenic detector modules optimized for low energy thresholds were operated for almost two years (May 2016 - February 2018). Together with this document we are publishing data from the best performing detector module which has a nuclear recoil threshold of 30.1eV. With this data-set we were able to set limits on the cross-section for spin-dependent and spin-independent elastic scattering of dark matter particles off nuclei at dark matter masses down to 160MeV/c$^2$. We publish the energies of all events after data selection as well as of all events within the acceptance region for dark-matter searches. In this document we describe how to use these data sets., Comment: Added appendix with information for better reproducibility
Published: 2019

33. First results from the CRESST-III low-mass dark matter program

Author: CRESST Collaboration, Abdelhameed, A. H., Angloher, G., Bauer, P., Bento, A., Bertoldo, E., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Defay, X., Di Lorenzo, S., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Fichtinger, S., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fuss, A., Gorla, P., Hauff, D., Jochum, J., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Mokina, V., Mondragon, E., Münster, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schipperges, V., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Türkoglu, C., Usherov, I., Willers, M., and Zema, V.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The CRESST experiment is a direct dark matter search which aims to measure interactions of potential dark matter particles in an earth-bound detector. With the current stage, CRESST-III, we focus on a low energy threshold for increased sensitivity towards light dark matter particles. In this manuscript we describe the analysis of one detector operated in the first run of CRESST-III (05/2016-02/2018) achieving a nuclear recoil threshold of 30.1eV. This result was obtained with a 23.6g CaWO$_4$ crystal operated as a cryogenic scintillating calorimeter in the CRESST setup at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS). Both the primary phonon/heat signal and the simultaneously emitted scintillation light, which is absorbed in a separate silicon-on-sapphire light absorber, are measured with highly sensitive transition edge sensors operated at ~15mK. The unique combination of these sensors with the light element oxygen present in our target yields sensitivity to dark matter particle masses as low as 160MeV/c$^2$., Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2019
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34. First results on sub-GeV spin-dependent dark matter interactions with $^{7}$Li

Author: Abdelhameed, A. H., Angloher, G., Bauer, P., Bento, A., Bertoldo, E., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Defay, X., Di Lorenzo, S., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fichtinger, S., Fuss, A., Gorla, P., Hauff, D., Jochum, J., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Mokina, V., Mondragon, E., Münster, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schipperges, V., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Türkoglu, C., Usherov, I., Willers, M., Zema, V., Chapellier, M., Giuliani, A., Nones, C., Poda, D. V., Shlegel, V. N., Velázquez, M., and Zolotarova, A. S.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: In this work, we want to highlight the potential of lithium as a target for spin-dependent dark matter search in cryogenic experiments, with a special focus on the low-mass region of the parameter space. We operated a prototype detector module based on a Li$_2$MoO$_4$ target crystal in an above-ground laboratory. Despite the high background environment, the detector sets competitive limits on spin-dependent interactions of dark matter particles with protons and neutrons for masses between 0.8 GeV/c$^2$ and 1.5 GeV/c$^2$.
Published: 2019
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35. Secular equilibrium assessment in a CaWO4 target crystal from the dark matter experiment CRESST using Bayesian likelihood normalisation

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D’Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F.v., Ferreiro Iachellini, N., Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Garai, A., Ghete, V.M., Gorla, P., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Mokina, V., Nilima, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., Zema, V., Ferella, F., Laubenstein, M., and Nisi, S.
Published: 2023
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36. Optimal Operation of Cryogenic Calorimeters Through Deep Reinforcement Learning

Author: Angloher, G, Banik, S, Benato, G, Bento, A, Bertolini, A, Breier, R, Bucci, C, Burkhart, J, Canonica, L, D'Addabbo, A, Di Lorenzo, S, Einfalt, L, Erb, A, v. Feilitzsch, F, Fichtinger, S, Fuchs, D, Garai, A, Ghete, V, Gorla, P, Guillaumon, P, Gupta, S, Hauff, D, Jeskovsky, M, Jochum, J, Kaznacheeva, M, Kinast, A, Kuckuk, S, Kluck, H, Kraus, H, Langenkamper, A, Mancuso, M, Marini, L, Mauri, B, Meyer, L, Mokina, V, Niedermayer, K, Olmi, M, Ortmann, T, Pagliarone, C, Pattavina, L, Petricca, F, Potzel, W, Povinec, P, Probst, F, Pucci, F, Reindl, F, Rothe, J, Schaffner, K, Schieck, J, Schonert, S, Schwertner, C, Stahlberg, M, Stodolsky, L, Strandhagen, C, Strauss, R, Usherov, I, Wagner, F, Wagner, V, Willers, M, Zema, V, Heitzinger, C, Waltenberger, W, Angloher G., Banik S., Benato G., Bento A., Bertolini A., Breier R., Bucci C., Burkhart J., Canonica L., D'Addabbo A., Di Lorenzo S., Einfalt L., Erb A., v. Feilitzsch F., Fichtinger S., Fuchs D., Garai A., Ghete V. M., Gorla P., Guillaumon P. V., Gupta S., Hauff D., Jeskovsky M., Jochum J., Kaznacheeva M., Kinast A., Kuckuk S., Kluck H., Kraus H., Langenkamper A., Mancuso M., Marini L., Mauri B., Meyer L., Mokina V., Niedermayer K., Olmi M., Ortmann T., Pagliarone C., Pattavina L., Petricca F., Potzel W., Povinec P., Probst F., Pucci F., Reindl F., Rothe J., Schaffner K., Schieck J., Schonert S., Schwertner C., Stahlberg M., Stodolsky L., Strandhagen C., Strauss R., Usherov I., Wagner F., Wagner V., Willers M., Zema V., Heitzinger C., Waltenberger W., Angloher, G, Banik, S, Benato, G, Bento, A, Bertolini, A, Breier, R, Bucci, C, Burkhart, J, Canonica, L, D'Addabbo, A, Di Lorenzo, S, Einfalt, L, Erb, A, v. Feilitzsch, F, Fichtinger, S, Fuchs, D, Garai, A, Ghete, V, Gorla, P, Guillaumon, P, Gupta, S, Hauff, D, Jeskovsky, M, Jochum, J, Kaznacheeva, M, Kinast, A, Kuckuk, S, Kluck, H, Kraus, H, Langenkamper, A, Mancuso, M, Marini, L, Mauri, B, Meyer, L, Mokina, V, Niedermayer, K, Olmi, M, Ortmann, T, Pagliarone, C, Pattavina, L, Petricca, F, Potzel, W, Povinec, P, Probst, F, Pucci, F, Reindl, F, Rothe, J, Schaffner, K, Schieck, J, Schonert, S, Schwertner, C, Stahlberg, M, Stodolsky, L, Strandhagen, C, Strauss, R, Usherov, I, Wagner, F, Wagner, V, Willers, M, Zema, V, Heitzinger, C, Waltenberger, W, Angloher G., Banik S., Benato G., Bento A., Bertolini A., Breier R., Bucci C., Burkhart J., Canonica L., D'Addabbo A., Di Lorenzo S., Einfalt L., Erb A., v. Feilitzsch F., Fichtinger S., Fuchs D., Garai A., Ghete V. M., Gorla P., Guillaumon P. V., Gupta S., Hauff D., Jeskovsky M., Jochum J., Kaznacheeva M., Kinast A., Kuckuk S., Kluck H., Kraus H., Langenkamper A., Mancuso M., Marini L., Mauri B., Meyer L., Mokina V., Niedermayer K., Olmi M., Ortmann T., Pagliarone C., Pattavina L., Petricca F., Potzel W., Povinec P., Probst F., Pucci F., Reindl F., Rothe J., Schaffner K., Schieck J., Schonert S., Schwertner C., Stahlberg M., Stodolsky L., Strandhagen C., Strauss R., Usherov I., Wagner F., Wagner V., Willers M., Zema V., Heitzinger C., and Waltenberger W.
Abstract: Cryogenic phonon detectors with transition-edge sensors achieve the best sensitivity to sub-GeV/c2 dark matter interactions with nuclei in current direct detection experiments. In such devices, the temperature of the thermometer and the bias current in its readout circuit need careful optimization to achieve optimal detector performance. This task is not trivial and is typically done manually by an expert. In our work, we automated the procedure with reinforcement learning in two settings. First, we trained on a simulation of the response of three Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers (CRESST) detectors used as a virtual reinforcement learning environment. Second, we trained live on the same detectors operated in the CRESST underground setup. In both cases, we were able to optimize a standard detector as fast and with comparable results as human experts. Our method enables the tuning of large-scale cryogenic detector setups with minimal manual interventions.
Published: 2024

37. Light dark matter search using a diamond cryogenic detector

Author: Angloher, G, Banik, S, Benato, G, Bento, A, Bertolini, A, Breier, R, Bucci, C, Burkhart, J, Canonica, L, D'Addabbo, A, Lorenzo, S, Einfalt, L, Erb, A, Feilitzsch, F, Fichtinger, S, Fuchs, D, Garai, A, Ghete, V, Gorla, P, Guillaumon, P, Gupta, S, Hauff, D, Jeskovsky, M, Jochum, J, Kaznacheeva, M, Kinast, A, Kluck, H, Kraus, H, Kuckuk, S, Langenkamper, A, Mancuso, M, Marini, L, Mauri, B, Meyer, L, Mokina, V, Olmi, M, Ortmann, T, Pagliarone, C, Pattavina, L, Petricca, F, Potzel, W, Povinec, P, Probst, F, Pucci, F, Reindl, F, Rothe, J, Schaffner, K, Schieck, J, Schonert, S, Schwertner, C, Stahlberg, M, Stodolsky, L, Strandhagen, C, Strauss, R, Usherov, I, Wagner, F, Willers, M, Zema, V, Angloher G., Banik S., Benato G., Bento A., Bertolini A., Breier R., Bucci C., Burkhart J., Canonica L., D'Addabbo A., Lorenzo S. D., Einfalt L., Erb A., Feilitzsch F. V., Fichtinger S., Fuchs D., Garai A., Ghete V. M., Gorla P., Guillaumon P. V., Gupta S., Hauff D., Jeskovsky M., Jochum J., Kaznacheeva M., Kinast A., Kluck H., Kraus H., Kuckuk S., Langenkamper A., Mancuso M., Marini L., Mauri B., Meyer L., Mokina V., Olmi M., Ortmann T., Pagliarone C., Pattavina L., Petricca F., Potzel W., Povinec P., Probst F., Pucci F., Reindl F., Rothe J., Schaffner K., Schieck J., Schonert S., Schwertner C., Stahlberg M., Stodolsky L., Strandhagen C., Strauss R., Usherov I., Wagner F., Willers M., Zema V., Angloher, G, Banik, S, Benato, G, Bento, A, Bertolini, A, Breier, R, Bucci, C, Burkhart, J, Canonica, L, D'Addabbo, A, Lorenzo, S, Einfalt, L, Erb, A, Feilitzsch, F, Fichtinger, S, Fuchs, D, Garai, A, Ghete, V, Gorla, P, Guillaumon, P, Gupta, S, Hauff, D, Jeskovsky, M, Jochum, J, Kaznacheeva, M, Kinast, A, Kluck, H, Kraus, H, Kuckuk, S, Langenkamper, A, Mancuso, M, Marini, L, Mauri, B, Meyer, L, Mokina, V, Olmi, M, Ortmann, T, Pagliarone, C, Pattavina, L, Petricca, F, Potzel, W, Povinec, P, Probst, F, Pucci, F, Reindl, F, Rothe, J, Schaffner, K, Schieck, J, Schonert, S, Schwertner, C, Stahlberg, M, Stodolsky, L, Strandhagen, C, Strauss, R, Usherov, I, Wagner, F, Willers, M, Zema, V, Angloher G., Banik S., Benato G., Bento A., Bertolini A., Breier R., Bucci C., Burkhart J., Canonica L., D'Addabbo A., Lorenzo S. D., Einfalt L., Erb A., Feilitzsch F. V., Fichtinger S., Fuchs D., Garai A., Ghete V. M., Gorla P., Guillaumon P. V., Gupta S., Hauff D., Jeskovsky M., Jochum J., Kaznacheeva M., Kinast A., Kluck H., Kraus H., Kuckuk S., Langenkamper A., Mancuso M., Marini L., Mauri B., Meyer L., Mokina V., Olmi M., Ortmann T., Pagliarone C., Pattavina L., Petricca F., Potzel W., Povinec P., Probst F., Pucci F., Reindl F., Rothe J., Schaffner K., Schieck J., Schonert S., Schwertner C., Stahlberg M., Stodolsky L., Strandhagen C., Strauss R., Usherov I., Wagner F., Willers M., and Zema V.
Abstract: Diamond operated as a cryogenic calorimeter is an excellent target for direct detection of low-mass dark matter candidates. Following the realization of the first low-threshold cryogenic detector that uses diamond as absorber for astroparticle physics applications, we now present the resulting exclusion limits on the elastic spin-independent interaction cross-section of dark matter with diamond. We measured two 0.175 g CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) diamond samples, each instrumented with a Transition Edge Sensor made of Tungsten (W-TES). Thanks to the energy threshold of just 16.8 eV of one of the two detectors, we set exclusion limits on the elastic spin-independent interaction of dark matter particles with carbon nuclei down to dark matter masses as low as 0.122 GeV/c2. This work shows the scientific potential of cryogenic detectors made from diamond and lays the foundation for the use of this material as target for direct detection dark matter experiments.
Published: 2024

38. First measurements of remoTES cryogenic calorimeters: Easy-to-fabricate particle detectors for a wide choice of target materials

Author: Angloher, G., Bharadwaj, M.R., Dafinei, I., Di Marco, N., Einfalt, L., Ferroni, F., Fichtinger, S., Filipponi, A., Frank, T., Friedl, M., Fuss, A., Ge, Z., Heikinheimo, M., Huitu, K., Kellermann, M., Maji, R., Mancuso, M., Pagnanini, L., Petricca, F., Pirro, S., Pröbst, F., Profeta, G., Puiu, A., Reindl, F., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stendahl, A., Wagner, F., Yue, S., Zema, V., Zhu, Y., Bento, A., Canonica, L., and Garai, A.
Published: 2023
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39. Limits on Dark Matter Effective Field Theory Parameters with CRESST-II

Author: Angloher, G., Bauer, P., Bento, A., Bertoldo, E., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., D'Addabbo, A., Defay, X., Di Lorenzo, S., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Gorla, P., Hauff, D., Jochum, J., Kiefer, M., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Mokina, V., Mondragon, E., Morgalyuk, V., Münster, A., Olmi, M., Pagliarone, C., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schipperges, V., Schönert, S., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Türkoglu, C., Usherov, I., Willers, M., Wüstrich, M., Zema, V., and Catena, R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: CRESST is a direct dark matter search experiment, aiming for an observation of nuclear recoils induced by the interaction of dark matter particles with cryogenic scintillating calcium tungstate crystals. Instead of confining ourselves to standard spin-independent and spin-dependent searches, we re-analyze data from CRESST-II using a more general effective field theory (EFT) framework. On many of the EFT coupling constants, improved exclusion limits in the low-mass region (< 3-4 GeV) are presented., Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2018
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40. Towards an automated data cleaning with deep learning in CRESST

Author: Angloher, G., Banik, S., Bartolot, D., Benato, G., Bento, A., Bertolini, A., Breier, R., Bucci, C., Burkhart, J., Canonica, L., D’Addabbo, A., Di Lorenzo, S., Einfalt, L., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Fichtinger, S., Fuchs, D., Fuss, A., Garai, A., Ghete, V. M., Gerster, S., Gorla, P., Guillaumon, P. V., Gupta, S., Hauff, D., Ješkovský, M., Jochum, J., Kaznacheeva, M., Kinast, A., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Lackner, M., Langenkämper, A., Mancuso, M., Marini, L., Meyer, L., Mokina, V., Nilima, A., Olmi, M., Ortmann, T., Pagliarone, C., Pattavina, L., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Povinec, P., Pröbst, F., Pucci, F., Reindl, F., Rizvanovic, D., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schmiedmayer, D., Schönert, S., Schwertner, C., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Usherov, I., Wagner, F., Willers, M., Zema, V., and Waltenberger, W.
Published: 2023
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41. First results on low-mass dark matter from the CRESST-III experiment

Author: CRESST collaboration, Petricca, F., Angloher, G., Bauer, P., Bento, A., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., Defay, X., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Gorla, P., Gütlein, A., Hauff, D., Jochum, J., Kiefer, M., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Lanfranchi, J. C., Lagenkämper, A., Loebell, J., Mancuso, M., Mondragon, E., Münster, A., Pagliarone, C., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Puig, R., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Seidel, W., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Tanzke, A., Thi, H. H. Trinh, Türkoğlu, C., Ulrich, A., Usherov, I., Wawoczny, S., Willers, M., and Wüstrich, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: The CRESST experiment, located at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy, searches for dark matter particles via their elastic scattering off nuclei in a target material. The CRESST target consists of scintillating CaWO$_4$ crystals, which are operated as cryogenic calorimeters at millikelvin temperatures. Each interaction in the CaWO$_4$ target crystal produces a phonon signal and a light signal that is measured by a second cryogenic calorimeter. Since the CRESST-II result in 2015, the experiment is leading the field of direct dark matter search for dark matter masses below 1.7\,GeV/$c^2$, extending the reach of direct searches to the sub-GeV/$c^2$ mass region. For CRESST-III, whose Phase 1 started in July 2016, detectors have been optimized to reach the performance required to further probe the low-mass region with unprecedented sensitivity. In this contribution the achievements of the CRESST-III detectors will be discussed together with preliminary results and perspectives of Phase 1., Comment: XV International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics, TAUP2017, submitted to Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS)
Published: 2017

42. Search for low-mass Dark Matter with the CRESST Experiment

Author: Kluck, H., Angloher, G., Bauer, P., Bento, A., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., Defay, X., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Gorla, P., Gütlein, A., Hauff, D., Jochum, J., Kiefer, M., Kraus, H., Lanfranchi, J. -C., Langenkämper, A., Loebell, J., Mancuso, M., Mondragon, E., Münster, A., Pagliarone, C., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Puig, R., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Seidel, W., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Tanzke, A., Thi, H. H. Trinh, Türkoğlu, C., Ulrich, A., Usherov, I., Wawoczny, S., Willers, M., and Wüstrich, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: CRESST is a multi-stage experiment directly searching for dark matter (DM) using cryogenic $\mathrm{CaWO_4}$ crystals. Previous stages established leading limits for the spin-independent DM-nucleon cross section down to DM-particle masses $m_\mathrm{DM}$ below $1\,\mathrm{GeV/c^2}$. Furthermore, CRESST performed a dedicated search for dark photons (DP) which excludes new parameter space between DP masses $m_\mathrm{DP}$ of $300\,\mathrm{eV/c^2}$ to $700\,\mathrm{eV/c^2}$. In this contribution we will discuss the latest results based on the previous CRESST-II phase 2 and we will report on the status of the current CRESST-III phase 1: in this stage we have been operating 10 upgraded detectors with $24,\mathrm{g}$ target mass each and enhanced detector performance since summer 2016. The improved detector design in terms of background suppression and reduction of the detection threshold will be discussed with respect to the previous stage. We will conclude with an outlook on the potential of the next stage, CRESST-III phase 2., Comment: Contributed to the 13th Patras Workshop on Axions, WIMPs and WISPs, Thessaloniki, May 15 to 19, 2017
Published: 2017

43. Performance of a CRESST-II Detector Module with True $4\pi$-veto

Author: Angloher, G., Bauer, P., Bento, A., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., Defay, X., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Gorla, P., Gütlein, A., Hauff, D., Jochum, J., Kiefer, M., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Lanfranchi, J. C., Langenkämper, A., Loebell, J., Mancuso, M., Münster, A., Pagliarone, C., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schönert, V. Schipperges S., Seidel, W., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Tanzke, A., Thi, H. H. Trinh, Türkoğlu, C., Uffinger, M., Ulrich, A., Usherov, I., Wawoczny, S., Willers, M., Wüstrich, M., and Zöller, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Scintillating, cryogenic bolometers are widely used in the field of rare event searches. Their main advantages are an excellent energy resolution and particle identification on an event-by-event basis. The sensitivity of experiments applying this detector technique can be limited by the performance of the light channel and the presence of external backgrounds in the region of interest. In the framework of the CRESST-II experiment, we developed and successfully tested a novel detector design addressing both challenges. Using a large scale ($\approx$\unit[60]{cm$^2$}), beaker-shaped silicon light absorber, the signal height recorded in the light channel is improved by a factor 2.5 compared to conventional CRESTT-II detector modules. In combination with a large carrier crystal, a true $4\pi$ veto system is established which allows to tag external background sources., Comment: 7 pages, 5 fugures, submitted to EPJ-C
Published: 2017

44. Results on MeV-scale dark matter from a gram-scale cryogenic calorimeter operated above ground

Author: Angloher, G., Bauer, P., Bento, A., Bucci, C., Canonica, L., Defay, X., Erb, A., Feilitzsch, F. v., Iachellini, N. Ferreiro, Gorla, P., Gütlein, A., Hauff, D., Jochum, J., Kiefer, M., Kluck, H., Kraus, H., Lanfranchi, J. -C., Loebell, A. Langenkämper J., Mancuso, M., Mondragon, E., Münster, A., Oberauer, L., Pagliarone, C., Petricca, F., Potzel, W., Pröbst, F., Puig, R., Reindl, F., Rothe, J., Schäffner, K., Schieck, J., Schönert, S., Seidel, W., Stahlberg, M., Stodolsky, L., Strandhagen, C., Strauss, R., Tanzke, A., Thi, H. H. Trinh, Türkoglu, C., Uffinger, M., Ulrich, A., Usherov, I., Wawoczny, S., Willers, M., Wüstrich, M., and Zöller, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Models for light dark matter particles with masses below 1 GeV/c$^2$ are a natural and well-motivated alternative to so-far unobserved weakly interacting massive particles. Gram-scale cryogenic calorimeters provide the required detector performance to detect these particles and extend the direct dark matter search program of CRESST. A prototype 0.5 g sapphire detector developed for the $\nu$-cleus experiment has achieved an energy threshold of $E_{th}=(19.7\pm 0.9)$ eV, which is one order of magnitude lower than previous results and independent of the type of particle interaction. The result presented here is obtained in a setup above ground without significant shielding against ambient and cosmogenic radiation. Although operated in a high-background environment, the detector probes a new range of light-mass dark matter particles previously not accessible by direct searches. We report the first limit on the spin-independent dark matter particle-nucleon cross section for masses between 140 MeV/c$^2$ and 500 MeV/c$^2$., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, v3: ancillary files added, v4: high energy spectrum (0.6-12keV) added to ancillary files
Published: 2017
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45. The contribution of Fermi-2LAC blazars to the diffuse TeV-PeV neutrino flux

Author: IceCube Collaboration, Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Archinger, M., Arguelles, C., Argüelles, C., Arlen, T. C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K. -H., BenZvi, S., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Boersma, D. J., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P., Burgman, A., Casey, J., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Cowen, D. F., Silva, A. H. Cruz, Daughhetee, J., Davis, J. C., Day, M., de André, J. P. A. M., De Clercq, C., Rosendo, E. del Pino, Dembinski, H., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., di Lorenzo, V., Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Feintzeig, J., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Flis, S., Fösig, C. -C., Franckowiak, A., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gaior, R., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Gladstone, L., Glagla, M., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Golup, G., Gonzalez, J. G., Góra, D., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Ismail, A. Haj, Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hansen, E., Hansmann, B., Hansmann, T., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Holzapfel, K., Homeier, A., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Huelsnitz, W., Hultqvist, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jurkovic, M., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemp, J., Kheirandish, A., Kim, M., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Konietz, R., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Krückl, G., Krüger, C., Kunnen, J., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lennarz, D., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Leuner, J., Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mancina, S., Mandelartz, M., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Meli, A., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Middell, E., Mohrmann, L., Montaruli, T., Moulai, M., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., Omairat, A., O'Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Penek, Ö., Pepper, J. A., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pfendner, C., Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Posselt, J., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Quinnan, M., Raab, C., Rädel, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Reimann, R., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Sabbatini, L., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schimp, M., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schoenen, S., Schöneberg, S., Schönwald, A., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stahlberg, M., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Ström, R., Strotjohann, N. L., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tešić, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Turcati, A., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vallecorsa, S., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., van Rossem, M., van Santen, J., Veenkamp, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Weaver, Ch., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Wickmann, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wissing, H., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zoll, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The recent discovery of a diffuse cosmic neutrino flux extending up to PeV energies raises the question of which astrophysical sources generate this signal. One class of extragalactic sources which may produce such high-energy neutrinos are blazars. We present a likelihood analysis searching for cumulative neutrino emission from blazars in the 2nd Fermi-LAT AGN catalogue (2LAC) using an IceCube neutrino dataset 2009-12 which was optimised for the detection of individual sources. In contrast to previous searches with IceCube, the populations investigated contain up to hundreds of sources, the largest one being the entire blazar sample in the 2LAC catalogue. No significant excess is observed and upper limits for the cumulative flux from these populations are obtained. These constrain the maximum contribution of the 2LAC blazars to the observed astrophysical neutrino flux to be $27 \%$ or less between around 10 TeV and 2 PeV, assuming equipartition of flavours at Earth and a single power-law spectrum with a spectral index of $-2.5$. We can still exclude that the 2LAC blazars (and sub-populations) emit more than $50 \%$ of the observed neutrinos up to a spectral index as hard as $-2.2$ in the same energy range. Our result takes into account that the neutrino source count distribution is unknown, and it does not assume strict proportionality of the neutrino flux to the measured 2LAC $\gamma$-ray signal for each source. Additionally, we constrain recent models for neutrino emission by blazars., Comment: 18 pages, 22 figures
Published: 2016
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46. Direct Dark Matter Search with the CRESST II Experiment

Author: Schieck, J, Angloher, G, Bento, A, Bucci, C, Canonica, L, Defay, X, Erb, A, Feilitzsch, F v, Iachellini, N Ferreiro, Gorla, P, Guetlein, A, Hauff, D, Jochum, J, Kiefer, M, Kluck, H, Kraus, H, Lanfranchi, J-C, Loebell, J, Mancuso, M, Muenster, A, Pagliarone, C, Petricca, F, Potzel, W, Pröbst, F, Puig, R, Reindl, F, Schaeffner, K, Schoenert, S, Seidel, W, Stahlberg, M, Stodolsky, L, Strandhagen, C, Strauss, R, Tanzke, A, Thi, H H Trinh, Turkoglu, C, Uffinger, M, Ulrich, A, Usherov, I, Wawoczny, S, Willers, M, Wueustrich, M, and Zoeller, A
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The quest for the particle nature of dark matter is one of the big open questions of modern physics. A well motivated candidate for dark matter is the so-called WIMP - a weakly interacting massive particle. Recently several theoretically well-motivated models with dark matter candidates in a mass region below the WIMP mass-scale gained also a lot of interest, theoretically and experimentally. The CRESST II experiment located at the Gran Sasso laboratory in Italy is optimised for the detection of the elastic scattering of these low-mass dark matter particles with ordinary matter. We show the results obtained with an improved detector setup with increased radio purity and enhanced background rejection and the results obtained with a dedicated low-threshold analysis of a single conventional detector module. The limit achieved is the most stringent limit achieved for direct dark matter experiments in the mass region below 1.8 GeV/$c^{2}$. We will discuss the expected performance for new small CRESST-type detectors to be used during the next data taking phase. We conclude with an outlook of the future potential for direct dark matter detection using further improved CRESST CaWO$_{4}$ cryogenic detectors., Comment: Proceedings, contribution to ICHEP 2016, Chigaco
Published: 2016

47. First search for dark matter annihilations in the Earth with the IceCube Detector

Author: IceCube Collaboration, Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Archinger, M., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K. -H., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P., Bron, S., Burgman, A., Carver, T., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Day, M., de André, J. P. A. M., De Clercq, C., Rosendo, E. del Pino, Dembinski, H., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., di Lorenzo, V., Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Eller, P., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Feintzeig, J., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Flis, S., Fösig, C. -C., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Gladstone, L., Glagla, M., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Golup, G., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Ismail, A. Haj, Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hansen, E., Hansmann, B., Hansmann, T., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Holzapfel, K., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jurkovic, M., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemp, J., Kheirandish, A., Kim, M., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Konietz, R., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Krückl, G., Krüger, C., Kunnen, J., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lennarz, D., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Leuner, J., Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mancina, S., Mandelartz, M., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Meli, A., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Mohrmann, L., Montaruli, T., Moulai, M., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Penek, Ö., Pepper, J. A., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Quinnan, M., Raab, C., Rädel, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Sabbatini, L., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schimp, M., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schoenen, S., Schöneberg, S., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stahlberg, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Ström, R., Strotjohann, N. L., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tešić, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Turcati, A., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., van Rossem, M., van Santen, J., Veenkamp, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Vogel, E., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Weaver, Ch., Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Wickmann, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zoll, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present the results of the first IceCube search for dark matter annihilation in the center of the Earth. Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), candidates for dark matter, can scatter off nuclei inside the Earth and fall below its escape velocity. Over time the captured WIMPs will be accumulated and may eventually self-annihilate. Among the annihilation products only neutrinos can escape from the center of the Earth. Large-scale neutrino telescopes, such as the cubic kilometer IceCube Neutrino Observatory located at the South Pole, can be used to search for such neutrino fluxes. Data from 327 days of detector livetime during 2011/ 2012 were analyzed. No excess beyond the expected background from atmospheric neutrinos was detected. The derived upper limits on the annihilation rate of WIMPs in the Earth and the resulting muon flux are an order of magnitude stronger than the limits of the last analysis performed with data from IceCube's predecessor AMANDA. The limits can be translated in terms of a spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section. For a WIMP mass of 50 GeV this analysis results in the most restrictive limits achieved with IceCube data.
Published: 2016
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48. Observation and Characterization of a Cosmic Muon Neutrino Flux from the Northern Hemisphere using six years of IceCube data

Author: IceCube Collaboration, Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Archinger, M., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K. -H., BenZvi, S., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P., Burgman, A., Carver, T., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Day, M., de André, J. P. A. M., De Clercq, C., Rosendo, E. del Pino, Dembinski, H., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., di Lorenzo, V., Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Eller, P., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Feintzeig, J., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Flis, S., Fösig, C. -C., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Gladstone, L., Glagla, M., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Golup, G., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Ismail, A. Haj, Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hansen, E., Hansmann, B., Hansmann, T., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Holzapfel, K., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jurkovic, M., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemp, J., Kheirandish, A., Kim, M., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Konietz, R., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Krückl, G., Krüger, C., Kunnen, J., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lennarz, D., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Leuner, J., Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mancina, S., Mandelartz, M., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Meli, A., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Mohrmann, L., Montaruli, T., Moulai, M., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Penek, Ö., Pepper, J. A., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Quinnan, M., Raab, C., Rädel, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Sabbatini, L., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schimp, M., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schoenen, S., Schöneberg, S., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stahlberg, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Ström, R., Strotjohann, N. L., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tešić, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Turcati, A., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., van Rossem, M., van Santen, J., Veenkamp, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Weaver, Ch., Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Wickmann, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zoll, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The IceCube Collaboration has previously discovered a high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux using neutrino events with interaction vertices contained within the instrumented volume of the IceCube detector. We present a complementary measurement using charged current muon neutrino events where the interaction vertex can be outside this volume. As a consequence of the large muon range the effective area is significantly larger but the field of view is restricted to the Northern Hemisphere. IceCube data from 2009 through 2015 have been analyzed using a likelihood approach based on the reconstructed muon energy and zenith angle. At the highest neutrino energies between 191 TeV and 8.3 PeV a significant astrophysical contribution is observed, excluding a purely atmospheric origin of these events at $5.6\,\sigma$ significance. The data are well described by an isotropic, unbroken power law flux with a normalization at 100 TeV neutrino energy of $\left(0.90^{+0.30}_{-0.27}\right)\times10^{-18}\,\mathrm{GeV^{-1}\,cm^{-2}\,s^{-1}\,sr^{-1}}$ and a hard spectral index of $\gamma=2.13\pm0.13$. The observed spectrum is harder in comparison to previous IceCube analyses with lower energy thresholds which may indicate a break in the astrophysical neutrino spectrum of unknown origin. The highest energy event observed has a reconstructed muon energy of $(4.5\pm1.2)\,\mathrm{PeV}$ which implies a probability of less than 0.005% for this event to be of atmospheric origin. Analyzing the arrival directions of all events with reconstructed muon energies above 200 TeV no correlation with known $\gamma$-ray sources was found. Using the high statistics of atmospheric neutrinos we report the currently best constraints on a prompt atmospheric muon neutrino flux originating from charmed meson decays which is below $1.06$ in units of the flux normalization of the model in Enberg et al. (2008)., Comment: 20 pages, 21 figures
Published: 2016
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49. Constraints on ultra-high-energy cosmic ray sources from a search for neutrinos above 10 PeV with IceCube

Author: IceCube Collaboration, Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Archinger, M., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K. -H., BenZvi, S., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P., Burgman, A., Carver, T., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Day, M., de André, J. P. A. M., De Clercq, C., Rosendo, E. del Pino, Dembinski, H., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., di Lorenzo, V., Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Eller, P., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Feintzeig, J., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Flis, S., Fösig, C. -C., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Gladstone, L., Glagla, M., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Golup, G., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Ismail, A. Haj, Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hansen, E., Hansmann, B., Hansmann, T., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Holzapfel, K., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jurkovic, M., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemp, J., Kheirandish, A., Kim, M., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Konietz, R., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Krückl, G., Krüger, C., Kunnen, J., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lennarz, D., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Leuner, J., Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mancina, S., Mandelartz, M., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Meli, A., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Mohrmann, L., Montaruli, T., Moulai, M., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Penek, Ö., Pepper, J. A., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Quinnan, M., Raab, C., Rädel, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Sabbatini, L., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schimp, M., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schoenen, S., Schöneberg, S., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stahlberg, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Ström, R., Strotjohann, N. L., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tešić, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Turcati, A., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., van Rossem, M., van Santen, J., Veenkamp, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Weaver, Ch., Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Wickmann, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zoll, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We report constraints on the sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) above $10^{9}$ GeV, based on an analysis of seven years of IceCube data. This analysis efficiently selects very high energy neutrino-induced events which have deposited energies from $\sim 10^6$ GeV to above $10^{11}$ GeV. Two neutrino-induced events with an estimated deposited energy of $(2.6 \pm 0.3) \times 10^6$ GeV, the highest neutrino energies observed so far, and $(7.7 \pm 2.0) \times 10^5$ GeV were detected. The atmospheric background-only hypothesis of detecting these events is rejected at 3.6$\sigma$. The hypothesis that the observed events are of cosmogenic origin is also rejected at $>$99% CL because of the limited deposited energy and the non-observation of events at higher energy, while their observation is consistent with an astrophysical origin. Our limits on cosmogenic neutrino fluxes disfavor the UHECR sources having cosmological evolution stronger than the star formation rate, e.g., active galactic nuclei and $\gamma$-ray bursts, assuming proton-dominated UHECRs. Constraints on UHECR sources including mixed and heavy UHECR compositions are obtained for models of neutrino production within UHECR sources. Our limit disfavors a significant part of parameter space for active galactic nuclei and new-born pulsar models., Comment: The erratum is bundled with the original published version of the letter together with supplemental materials
Published: 2016
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50. Search for Sources of High Energy Neutrons with Four Years of Data from the IceTop Detector

Author: IceCube Collaboration, Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Archinger, M., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bai, X., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Becker, K. -H., BenZvi, S., Berghaus, P., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Bernhard, A., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Bissok, M., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Bretz, H. -P., Burgman, A., Carver, T., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Day, M., de André, J. P. A. M., De Clercq, C., Rosendo, E. del Pino, Dembinski, H., De Ridder, S., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., de With, M., DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., di Lorenzo, V., Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Eller, P., Euler, S., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Feintzeig, J., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Flis, S., Fösig, C. -C., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Gladstone, L., Glagla, M., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Golup, G., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Ismail, A. Haj, Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hansen, E., Hansmann, B., Hansmann, T., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Holzapfel, K., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Jurkovic, M., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kemp, J., Kheirandish, A., Kim, M., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Konietz, R., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Krückl, G., Krüger, C., Kunnen, J., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lennarz, D., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Leuner, J., Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mancina, S., Mandelartz, M., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Meli, A., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Mohrmann, L., Montaruli, T., Moulai, M., Nahnhauer, R., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., O'Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Penek, Ö., Pepper, J. A., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Quinnan, M., Raab, C., Rädel, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Riedel, B., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Sabbatini, L., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schimp, M., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schoenen, S., Schöneberg, S., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stahlberg, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stößl, A., Ström, R., Strotjohann, N. L., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taavola, H., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tešić, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Turcati, A., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vanheule, S., van Rossem, M., van Santen, J., Veenkamp, J., Vehring, M., Voge, M., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandkowsky, N., Weaver, Ch., Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Westerhoff, S., Whelan, B. J., Wickmann, S., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., and Zoll, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: IceTop is an air shower array located on the Antarctic ice sheet at the geographic South Pole. IceTop can detect an astrophysical flux of neutrons from Galactic sources as an excess of cosmic ray air showers arriving from the source direction. Neutrons are undeflected by the Galactic magnetic field and can typically travel 10 ($E$ / PeV) pc before decay. Two searches are performed using 4 years of the IceTop dataset to look for a statistically significant excess of events with energies above 10 PeV ($10^{16}$ eV) arriving within a small solid angle. The all-sky search method covers from -90$^{\circ}$ to approximately -50$^{\circ}$ in declination. No significant excess is found. A targeted search is also performed, looking for significant correlation with candidate sources in different target sets. This search uses a higher energy cut (100 PeV) since most target objects lie beyond 1 kpc. The target sets include pulsars with confirmed TeV energy photon fluxes and high-mass X-ray binaries. No significant correlation is found for any target set. Flux upper limits are determined for both searches, which can constrain Galactic neutron sources and production scenarios., Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, 9 tables
Published: 2016
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