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One of Perum Bulog's efforts to maintain price stability and food availability is distributing its products through the "Rumah Pangan Kita" (RPK) partnership. However, in 2022, it was recorded that most of RPK's partners would no longer run their businesses. It is suspected that this happened because the income obtained did not match the expectations of fundamental food traders. This research aims to analyze the influence of the RPK partnership factor on the income of fundamental food traders, which is calculated through Return on Asset analysis (ROA) in Malang. The sample used in this study consisted of 30 respondents and was analyzed using multiple linear regression methods. The results showed that the variables of cooperation and commitment had a significant influence on the ROA of grocery traders in Malang. Other variables do not have a significant influence. The implications of this research highlight the importance of strengthening cooperation and commitment within the RPK partnership program to improve the profitability of fundamental food traders. Moreover, the findings suggest that communication and openness, while not significantly impactful in this study, should not be overlooked but optimized as supporting factors to enhance the overall partnership effectiveness.

This research investigated how shrimp farmers perceive climate change and what factors influence their decision to implement adaptation strategies. Surveys were conducted with 150 households in Tambakan, Kalianyar, Raci 1, and Raci 2. Over the past five years, information about climate change has primarily reached farmers through radio and television (54%). The majority (96.21%) perceived climate change as manifested by altered rainfall patterns, rising pond water temperatures (98.71%), declining production yields (95.41%), and an increase in shrimp pests and diseases (96.23%). The researchers classified climate change adaptation strategies into four categories and used logit regression analysis to identify factors influencing their adoption. They found that the determinants of adoption varied across these categories. Based on these findings, the study concludes that raising awareness about the impact of climate change on shrimp farming is crucial for farmers to choose suitable adaptation strategies. Additionally, strengthening institutional support through improved access to association borrowing, markets, extension services, farm group activities, and use of climate-resistant shrimp varieties can contribute to increased farm production.

Many students find that swimming is a necessary skill, yet many struggle to learn the appropriate form due to inadequate teaching. Learning can happen faster with the right training media, and knowledge of swimming techniques can be improved. Innovative teaching methods and training media are needed to optimise students' mastery of swimming skills. This study is to assess how well proper workout regimens and media can enhance fundamental swimming skills. This study uses an action research design, where three action research cycles are (1) preparation, (2) action, (3) observation, and (4) reflection. If at least 75% of children can perform basic swim movements in a crawling style successfully, then this learning has been successful. This study used a percentage analysis methodology as its analytical method. While at least 75% of students who received a completeness score in swimming during the first cycle showed success in basic crawl style movements, the learning results of students' movements were not in accordance with the success indicators; only 55.55% of students achieved the overall target. The number of students who achieved the goal in the second cycle increased to 32 or 71.11%. At the end of the cycle, 40 students, or 88.89% of students, achieved the overall target. According to the study's findings, the basic swimming ability of adolescent students can be improved by using land exercises and training tools.

This study used the systematic literature review to explore the role of motor skills training on critical reading skills in elementary school students. Data were obtained from articles searched through Google Scholar. The search focused on those published in Scopus-indexed journals between 2019 and 2024. As a result, 17,400 articles were found. These articles were screened again in several stages. Some criteria were applied to determine whether the articles should be included or excluded. In addition, the study employed specific keywords, such as "Role and Practice AND Motor Skills AND Critical Reading Ability AND Elementary School Students". These stages then generated 20 articles that fit the theme and met the inclusion requirements. During the article selection, this study followed the PRISMA guidelines. The key findings of this study confirmed that the development of gross and fine motor skills has a significant role in supporting the development of cognitive and academic abilities, especially in improving critical reading skills in elementary school students. This study revealed the positive relationship between motor skills and academic achievement, supported by stimulating physical environments and play-based learning approaches. This finding emphasizes the importance of integrating physical activity into the primary education curriculum. In addition, the findings highlighted the roles of support from various parties, including teachers, parents, and communities. Such supports are needed to ensure a conducive environment for developing students' motor and cognitive skills. Despite these findings, challenges such as lack of sports facilities, gender differences, and an unbalanced curriculum must be overcome to achieve optimal results. These findings imply the need for a holistic approach to education, emphasizing not only focuses on academics but also motor development to support critical reading skills for students' future academic success. Keywords: Role, Practice, Motor Skills, Critical Reading Ability, Elementary School Students

Under climate change, maintaining technical efficiency in farming is crucial for smallholder farmers to enhance their yield and productivity; therefore, it is essential to implement climate change adaptation strategies to sustain this technical efficiency. This study investigates the impact of diversifying climate change adaptation strategies on the technical efficiency of 217 potato farmers in East Java, Indonesia. Stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) was employed to measure farming technical efficiency, while a two-stage residual inclusion approach (2SRIA) was used to estimate the impact of climate change adaptation on this efficiency. This research identifies six common adaptation strategies: adjusting planting dates, cultivating drought-tolerant varieties, intercropping, altering input usage, conserving land, and improving irrigation systems. The empirical findings reveal a significant positive correlation between diversifying climate change adaptation strategies and enhanced technical efficiency among potato farmers. This suggests that employing more adaptation strategies will significantly improve farmers’ technical efficiency. Analyzing each adaptation strategy, the research highlights the positive impact of adjusting planting dates, adopting drought-tolerant varieties, implementing land conservation, and improving irrigation systems on technical efficiency. By contrast, intercropping and altering input usage adversely affect technical efficiency. This finding implies the need to promote climate change adaptation based on farmers’ specific characteristics.

This research explores the commitment of Indonesian educators to Continuous Professional Growth (CPG) and lifelong learning. With the rapidly changing educational landscape, educators must adapt to emerging pedagogical trends, harness new technologies, and lead both inside and outside the classroom. This study utilized a qualitative case study approach, encompassing semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis, to deeply understand ten driving school educators' experiences, perceptions, and motivations regarding lifelong learning in Indonesia. Findings indicate educators' involvement in teacher selection, school development, and digital transformation. Their dedication to innovation, feedback, collaboration, and skill development, especially in technology and instructional approaches, underscores their commitment to continuous growth. The study emphasizes the multifaceted nature of educators' lifelong learning journeys and the importance of adaptability, collaboration, and technology in modern education.

The sand mining activities leave a wide area ex-sand mining land. In Bambang Village, farmers who live in that area try to get their land back to produce agricultural activities that were used previously for sand mining. However, there are several obstacles to the sustainability of farming in this area, especially the matter of critical land issues, pest and disease attacks, unpredictability of price, and technology used still not optimized suboptimal use of technology. To analyze the sustainability index and the attributes that influence continuity of corn farming on post-mine sand land, a quantitative study was conducted used a five-dimension sustainability approach. This approach included the consist of ecological, economic, social, institutional, and technological dimensions. Data collected by distributing questionnaires to the respondents which are divided into 72 of farmers and five key informants, so that, total of respondents are 77 people. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) and leverage analysis were used to determine the attributes that influence sustainability. The results of the research show corn farming continuity on post-sand mining land produce a sustainability index for about 54.86%. It is considered quite able to maintain in terms of the economic dimension (62.12%), social dimension (60.82%), and institutional dimension (60.27%). Though, the ecological dimension (46.88%) and technological dimension (44.23%) were classified as weak in terms of sustainability. Additionally, leverage analysis shows about 25 sensitive attributes which is influenced the sustainability of corn farming on post-sand mining land.

Background: Physical activity (PA) and physical fitness (PF) are essential for preschool children's development. However, rising childhood obesity and sedentary lifestyles are concerning. A comprehensive analysis of the research landscape is necessary to inform better interventions and policies. Research Objectives: This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of research on physical activity and physical fitness among preschool children in Asia from 2020 to 2024. Methods: The analysis was based on publications from Scopus and Web of Science, focussing on keyword co-occurrence, citation analysis, and co-authorship networks. We used tools like ScientoPy and VOSviewer to assess key metrics such as the number of publications, citations, and influential contributors. Findings/Results: The study reveals significant trends, with a peak in research productivity in 2022, reflecting heightened global attention on early physical health. China, Japan, and Iran led contributions, with China dominating in publication volume. Notable researchers included Saeed Ghorbani and emerging contributors Ahmad Chaeroni and Amir Dana. Leading journals, such as the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health and Frontiers in Public Health, were prominent sources. Conclusion: Despite a decline in productivity post-2022, PA and PF research for preschoolers remains important. These shifting trends provide opportunities for researchers to explore new areas or innovate approaches. Significant contributions from Asian researchers also indicate a geographic shift in the global research focus. This study also highlights the importance of physical activity in preschoolers and how trends in scientific publications can help policymakers formulate more effective interventions to improve children's fitness.

This study aims to determine the perception and implementation of the relationship between outdoor free-play activities to support students' motor development and teacher involvement during early childhood play. A phenomenological study with the participation of 12 early childhood education teachers who have different backgrounds in the history of teaching experience, age, and gender. The data were obtained through the results of structured interviews conducted for five consecutive days with each teacher. All data was processed using NVivo 11 for Windows which provides a structure for conducting qualitative investigations to uncover this phenomenon. A total of three themes were produced, namely (i) Perception of the importance of free-play for motor development; (ii) Involvement of teachers during free-play activities; and (iii) Time to do free-play activities. However, these findings reveal that not all teachers accompany and supervise every activity carried out by children in outdoor play and do not know how the overall picture of motor development is and the availability of fields and playgrounds is limited. Implications for education policymakers, teachers and families about outdoor free-play. Policy support, policymakers in Indonesia, especially the Ministry of Early Childhood Education to create a conducive environment for outdoor activities, especially when planning school standards and program competencies to support holistic early childhood development. Keyword : Free-play outdoor activities, Motor development, early childhood education, Phenomenological Study.

Improving the ability to kick mawashi geri in karate martial arts requires measured and planned training, namely through hurdle jump training, which is specific to karate martial arts. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of hurdle jump training on the ability to kick mawashi geri in karate martial arts. The research uses quantitative methods with a pre-experimental design through a one-group pre-test post-test design. The sample in this study consisted of 25 students who actively carried out extracurricular activities at Senior High Schools in Southeast Sulawesi Province. The instrument used to measure mawashi geri kick ability in karate martial arts is using mawashi geri kicks for 30 seconds. The training used to improve mawashi geri kicking ability in karate martial arts is using plyometric hurdle jump exercises with low and high jump sequences. The data analysis technique uses quantitative data analysis with probability statistics, using prerequisite data analysis tests with normality and homogeneity tests followed by the t-test at a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS version 26. From the results of the pre-test and post-test data analysis, Mawashi Geri's kicking ability through hurdle jump training has a significance of 0.000 < 0.05, meaning that there is a significant influence between the pre-test and post-test variables on the ability to kick Mawashi Geri in karate martial arts sports. Hurdle jump training can help athletes integrate the strength and control they gain from hurdle jump training in the context of the mawashi geri technique.

This study aims to determine the relationship between BMI, physical activity, and sleep quality with physical fitness and the correlation between these factors. The research method used is correlational research. The subjects of this study were adolescent students aged 16-19 years. It selected subjects using purposive sampling techniques with criteria of adolescents aged 16-19, healthy conditions, and willingness to participate in research activities. The total subjects involved were 251 teenagers. The research instruments used were BMI measurement, physical activity using the PAQ-A questionnaire, sleep quality measured using PSQI, and physical fitness measured using the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test for the age range of 16-19 years. The data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis and multiple regression tests. The results showed that BMI and physical fitness were significantly associated with an effective contribution of 4.29%, physical activity, and physical fitness had a significant relationship with an effective contribution of 46.34%, and sleep quality and physical fitness were significantly associated with an effective contribution of 2.27%. The BMI, physical activity, and sleep quality all had a significant relationship with physical fitness in adolescent students, with an effective contribution of 53.40%, meaning that it was concluded that there was a relationship between BMI, physical activity, sleep quality, and physical fitness. The results of this study answered that BMI, physical activity, and sleep quality contribute to the fitness of adolescent students.

This research aimed to determine differences in physical fitness levels based on Race and Gender in Indonesia. It used a comparative quantitative approach. The samples in this research were elementary school students in three provinces: Sumsel, DIY, and NTT. They were selected using cluster random sampling and yielded 254 people. Then, the samples were clustered to equalize numbers based on students’ gender and regional race (South Sumatra, DIY, & NTT). After this process, the remaining 132 people were taken. Students’ physical fitness data were collected using the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI). The data were then analyzed using the parametric Two-Way ANOVA statistics. The results of the Two-Way ANOVA test showed that the race factor variable had a value of Sig. 0.00 < 0.05. This value indicates a significant difference in the TKJI test scores between races in the three provinces: South Sumatra, DIY, and NTT. In the gender factor variable, the Sig. 0.001 < 0.05, meaning a significant difference was also found in the TKJI test scores between male and female students. Furthermore, for the combined race and gender factor variables, the Sig 0.485 > 0.05. Since the Sig value was greater, there is no influence or interaction between the race and gender factors in the three provinces in determining the results of the students' TKJI scores. Differences in physical fitness in terms of race can be caused by differences in physical activity, socioeconomic status, and social factors, such as racial discrimination and interpersonal racial discrimination. These differences can manifest as emotional stress due to increased psychological stress and increased risk of unhealthy behavior, including activities. In addition, the difference in physical fitness was also found between genders. The results show that men have a better level of physical fitness than women. One of the reasons is possibly due to increased fat mass associated with growth and puberty in girls. In addition, boys are often more active than girls. Keywords: Physical fitness, Student, Race, Gender

Concentration is needed for students to support successful learning achievement. Many students experience various concentration problems, especially in elementary schools. This disturbance can come from improper use of gadgets, including playing games excessively. The research was quantitative in nature. It employed a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The research sample involved 14 students who were taken using a purposive sampling method. The data about students’ concentration were collected from two tests, a GTC test before and after an intervention. They were then analyzed using paired sample t-test and n-gain score. The results of the paired samples statistics test showed that the pre-test value was 46.57 and the post-test value was 55.00. This result indicates an increase in students' concentration scores descriptively. Following that, a t-test was conducted on the paired sample, yielding a Sig value. 0.256 > 0.05. This means that there is no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test in students' concentration scores. An effectiveness test was also performed by calculating the n-gain score. The finding showed an average value of 0.10 and was classified as low. The conclusion is that the implementation of descriptive badminton material PE class management can increase the concentration of elementary school students, but there is no significant increase between pre-test and post-test scores in the groups or classes given the intervention. It is indicated that the increase in students’ concentration is caused by the PE intervention with badminton sports material. This finding is also confirmed by previous research, which stated that a significant relationship exists between sports intensity and students' ability to concentrate on learning. Keywords: Class Management, PE, Badminton, Concentration, Elementary School.

This research investigates the impact of STAD-type cooperative learning models and conventional learning models on the learning outcomes of basic volleyball passing techniques. The study was conducted among students of State Junior High School 1 Siak Hulu in the academic year 2023/2024, utilizing a random sampling technique to select a total of 72 students. The participants were divided into two groups: a control group and an experimental group, each consisting of 36 students. Analysis assisted by SPSS 26. The significance result of 0.000 < 0.05 is significant. The results indicate that the use of the STAD technique significantly improves learning and proficiency of specific volleyball skills, exceeding the results achieved through conventional strategies. The STAD type cooperative learning model allows students to collaborate, share ideas and assess answers collectively within the group, providing a simple and easy-to-understand approach. Proficiency in basic volleyball techniques is emphasized as a crucial factor for individual player performance. Factors affecting student engagement in learning the upper pass include internal aspects (limited understanding of the material, incorrect practice, and haphazard execution) and external factors (teachers' learning approach and constraints of space, class time, and class size). These findings underscore the importance of adopting effective teaching methods to optimize students' learning experiences and outcomes in volleyball passing techniques. Keywords: Learning Model, Cooperative, STAD, Conventional, Learning Outcomes, Basic Technique, Volleyball Passing.

Learning is essentially very related to how to attract students' interest in an active learning process. Interest is a major factor in developing student potential and has a very large influence on activity and success in learning. Students who have an interest in Islamic Religious Education subjects will study seriously, such as being happy in taking lessons and studying diligently both at school and at home because there is a special attraction to Islamic Religious Education subjects. If they do not have an interest in learning, students will not have enthusiasm in learning and may even find difficulties in learning Islamic Religious Education. In the learning process there are three main components that influence each other, namely (1) learning conditions, (2) learning methods, (3) learning outcomes. The research that the researchers carried out was a type of Classroom Action Research (PTK) or Classroom Action Research. PTK is a study that is relatively increasing, deepening, and improving and is carried out collaboratively. which is reflective by taking certain actions in order to improve and remember the quality of learning in the classroom aims to improve and improve the quality of lessons. .30%. Second, classically students who have completed learning from 35.30% pre-cycle and at the end of cycle II in this study students who obtained grades according to KKM reached 85.30%.

Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di Dusun Jambu, Jurangjero, Ngawen, Gunungkidul. Kegiatan ini berupa pelatihan diversifikasi produk olahan berbahan pisang. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada 20 anggota Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT). Pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan dengan beberapa tahap: (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) evaluasi dan pendampingan. Metode yang digunakan dengan pemberian ceramah, diskusi, dan praktik. Materi yang disampaikan mengenai diversifikasi produk, pengolahan produk dan pengemasan produk. Hasil kegiatan Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) sudah memiliki pemahamaan dan pengetahuan mengenai diversifikasi suatu produk. Mereka telah mampu mendiversifikasi produk keripik pisang yang semula hanya 2 rasa dapat menjadi 6 rasa (manis, gurih, balado, keju, cokelat, original). Produk juga sudah di kemas dengan plastik yang lebih elegan dan sudah diberi stiker yang lebih menarik.

This study tested the validity and reliability of the Futsal Skill Test (FST) for student actors. Twenty-four futsal players from the university's futsal team comprised men's (n=12) and women's (n=12) teams. The Futsal Skill Test (FST) is carried out on the futsal field and checks skills such as passing, controlling, dribbling, and shooting the ball as quickly as possible by making the minimum possible mistakes. The validity of the content is assessed using experienced futsal trainers and instructors. Data analysis in validity measurements was determined using known group differences between male and female university futsal players, then reliability was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and variation coefficient (CV) between experimental repeats. The results showed that the variance equivalence test on Performance Time (Time Taken and Penalty Time) showed that F had been 0.048 (0.013 and 0.375) with a significance of 0.829 (0.910 and 0.547). Performance Time for men is different from that of female university players. T-test results for the quality of the means for Performance Time (Time Required and Penalty Time) t=-5.506 p=0.000 (t=-5.5277 p=0.000 and t=-2.060 p=0.051). The CV Time Taken, Penalty Time and Performance Time scores for male students were 6.97%, 28.46%, and 6.88%, for female students, were 6.81%, 19.63%, and 6.38%, both for male and female students were 6.89%, 24.04%, and 6.63%. The FST assessment is an apt score to describe the performance time, that the player with the faster time achieved from the futsal skill Test is more skilled. The Performance Time score consists of Time Taken and Penalty Time.

Fluctuations in food prices can trigger vulnerability, disrupting people's access to food. This study aims to predict the prices of strategic food commodities: rice, corn, shallots, garlic, cayenne pepper, large chilies, chicken meat, chicken eggs, beef, cooking oil, and granulated sugar at the wholesaler level in the district. Poor. The research method used is the ARMA-GARCH forecasting method. Price forecasting carried out on all strategic food commodities in Malang Regency shows a fluctuating pattern with a tendency for price increases, with an average change increasing gradually in each period. The causality relationship in various markets about price changes in strategic food commodities in Malang Regency shows a unidirectional and two-way causality pattern.

The eruption of Mount Semeru on December 4, 2021, caused a fairly high death toll of up to 50 people. The high number of fatalities is caused by the lack of mitigation capacity and the absence of community involvement in mitigation efforts. Increased mitigation capacity can be done by presenting disaster education to the communities. Thus, we applied the concepts of school watching and town watching in Pronojiwo District, Lumajang Regency. School watching was implemented in eight schools located at Sidomulyo Village. We also carried out town watching in Sidomulyo Village and brought out ±33 residents to the Sidomulyo village hall. The implementation of school watching and town watching in Pronojiwo District can increase community involvement in disaster mitigation efforts and public awareness of mitigation efforts.

The purpose of this study is to determine the internalization of values, supporting and inhibiting factors as well as the contribution of internalization of religious culture through religious activities at MI Nur Riska Lubuklinggau. The approach in this study is qualitative with a type of case study research. Data collection techniques using observation, interview, and documentation methods. The results in the study suggest the internalization of religious cultural values in MI Nur Riska Lubuklingau through religious activities in accordance with expectations even though there are many cultural obstacles to globalization, the influence of friends and religious education from parents in addition to obstacles for supporters, namely support from parents and all teachers at MI Nur Riska Lubuklinggau, as well as the presence of students who are able to carry out Dhuha Prayers, Dzuhur and being a priest to his family and can be an example for other learners, and influence attitudes and traits can even increase emotional and spiritual intelligence.

Ecoprint merupakan batik yang memanfaatkan pewarna alam dari dedaunan. Pelatihan ini dilatarbelakangi karena banyaknya dedauanan di desa yang belum termanfaatkan. Selain itu, kurangnya pengetahuan dari manyarakat khususnya kelompok Wanita dalam memanfaatkan tanaman sekitar. Program ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan perempuan dalam membuat batik ecoprint dari tumbuhan local. Pelatihan ini diberikan kepada 20 perempuan di dusun jurang jero, Ngawen, Gunungkidul. Penyelenggaraan kegiatan ini melalui beberapa tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi dan tindak lanjut berupa pendampingan. Metode yang digunakan berupa ceramah, diskusi, dan praktik. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dengan pemberian materi, kegiatan praktik, evaluasi da refleksi. Hasil pelatihan ini diperoleh peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kelompok Wanita di dusun Jurangjero, Ngawen, Peserta yang semula belum mengetahui tentang ecoprint, sekarang sudah dapat terampil dalam membuat batik ecoprint mulai dari tekniik mordan, penataan daun, penggulungan kain, pengekusan dan pengatan warna.

This research is motivated by determining the best athlete in a competition not based on clear criteria. The purpose of this study was to select the best volleyball athletes in a district level competition event. Descriptive research method with survey technique. The research subjects were 14 athletes, consisting of 6 female athletes and 8 male athletes. The research sample used purposive random sampling. The research instrument uses an observation rubric by looking at several aspects, both skills and also psychological aspects, namely attitude and leadership or leadership in the team.Data collection techniques using observation sheets. Observations are made only during the peak match or grand final. The points (+) that are collected in each set are combined and added up with the most points, then the athlete is selected as the best athlete (MVP) in the competition. Data analysis used quantitative descriptive techniques. The results showed that: one of the male athletes from the Rajawali volleyball club with a total of 16 points consisting of (spike: 10 points, serve: 3 points, block: 1point, and recive: 2 points) became the best athlete (MVP). The men's average point per set is 5 points, and the Women's MVP from Baja 78 with a total of 15 points (spike: 8 points, serve: 3 points, block: 0 points, and recive: 4 points) is the best athlete ( MVP) women in the 2022 Bhayangkara Cup event with an average of 3 points per set. The best athlete (MVP) obtained from observation of skills and psychology is able to determine ideally the best player in a volleyball event. The conclusion of the studywas that the best athlete in an event was selected based on the number of points obtained from the athlete's skills during the grand final match and psychologically the attitude of the athlete in his team.

The research aims to develop short movies as a medium for learning micro counseling. The short movies developed illustrate the basic skills of counseling through scenes from the counselor and the counselee. The short film consists of three parts: a short movie entitled Pulih, a short movie review, and a short movie entitled 'Do's and Don'ts'. The research uses a quantitative research approach with research and development methods. The research was carried out in four stages: the preliminary stage, the planning stage, the implementation stage, and the result formulation stage. The data were obtained through the assessments given by experts and prospective users which were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the product developed was feasible to be used as a micro counseling learning medium.

In athlete coaching, mental factors often receive less attention than physical factors, such as technique, tactics, and strategy. This study explored the use of hypnosis as a mental exercise in coaching volleyball athletes. This study was conducted on 20 PBVSI volleyball athletes in Pidie Regency using an experimental one-group pretest-posttest design and then tested their abilities using the American Association for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance (AAHPERD) volleyball playing skills test. The collected data were analysed using inferential statistics (specifically the t-test) with SPSS 27 at the 0.05 level of significance. The results showed a significant improvement in volleyball playing skills after hypnosis training, indicating its potential application in athlete coaching. Hypnosis was found to significantly improve concentration, confidence, and emotional control among athletes—key elements that contributed to overall sports performance. However, limitations of this study include the small sample size and focus on one type of sport. Therefore, further research involving larger samples across different sports is recommended for wider generalisability. In addition, long-term studies are needed to assess the sustained effects of hypnosis over time. In conclusion, our preliminary findings underscore the potential benefits of integrating mental training techniques such as hypnosis into athletic training programmes to improve performance outcomes. These results highlight the importance of considering psychological aspects alongside physical aspects in athletic training.

Masyarakat Indonesia saat ini masih kurang menyadari akan pentingnya hidup sehat. Hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya animo/minat dan apresiasi masyarakat terhadap olahraga. Hambatan yang menyebabkan rendahnya pelaksanaan aktivitas fisik diantaranya adalah pengetahuan, motivasi dan ketersediaan sarana. Kesehatan merupakan hal pokok dalam kehidupan masyarakat, secara tidak langsung kesehatan masyarakat akan mempengaruhi tingkat kemajuan pada suatu wilayah. Kesehatan sangat penting bagi manusia, karena tanpa kesehatan yang baik, setiap manusia akan sulit dalam melaksanakan aktivitasnya sehari-hari. Cara termurah untuk memelihara kesehatan melalui olahraga. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dilaksanakan dengan memberikan sosialisasi tentang peran olahraga dan Kesehatan untuk masyarakat dalam melakukan aktifitas. Program Pelaksanaan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di Rt 018 Rw 004 Kelurahan Aren Jaya Kecamatan Bekasi Timur, Kota Bekasi, Provinsi Jawa Barat dengan proses 1 tahun. Hasil dari kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat diharapkan dapat bermanfaat masyarakat yang mengikuti kegiatan program ini yang kemudian dapat menjadi aktifitas sehari-hari dilingkungan masyarakat.

The imbalance between supply and demand of ornamental plants in the market cause fluctuations that lead to price volatility. This study aimed to analyze the price volatility of ornamental plants with high economic value, such as orchids, adenium, aglaonema, anthurium, and palm. This study also analyzed the long-term and short-term relationship between the production and prices of these ornamental plants. The data used were the productions and prices of orchid, adenium, aglaonema, anthurium, and palm at the producer level from 2012 to 2020 obtained from the Agriculture Office of Batu Municipality. Volatility analysis was carried out using the ARCH/GARCH method, the long-term relationship was analyzed using the Johansen cointegration test, and the short-term relationship was carried out using the Error Correction model. The results of volatility analysis showed that all the ornamental plants studied had low price volatility. In addition, the productions and prices of the ornamental plants were cointegrated in the long run, but only the orchid had a short-term relationship with an adjustment period of 2.6 months.

The COVID-19 pandemic has been increasing the demand for creative and innovative strategies for early childhood education in achieving adequate educational goals. The present study aimed to empirically find out the effect of the use of tutorial video and children worksheet on preschool children’s motivation and parents’ involvement in accompanying children during study from home period. This research is experimental with a one-group pre-test-post-test experimental design. The population of this study were parents of grade A kindergarten children consisting of 8 kindergarten schools through purposive. Each class consists of 12-20 parents. The research sample consisting of two classes was divided into class A as an experimental group and class B as control group. Data collection using parental involvement and motivation questionnaires, observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used used T-test and analysis of variance (ANAVA) paths. The results showed that there was a significant difference both in parents' motivation and involvement when using children's worksheets and tutorial videos obtained from the results of analysis with ANAVA by the sig. value of 0.01 0.05, which means the using children's worksheets and tutorial videos was enhancing parents' motivation and involvement in assisting children's learning process.

Red chilli (Capsicum annumm L.) is a commodity with high price fluctuations. Market participants use red chilli price fluctuations to manipulate price information and cause information asymmetry. So that, the price information is not transmitted properly and indicates the market is not integrated. This study aims to describe price developments and analyze the integration of the red chilli market in Malang Regency, Malang City, and Surabaya City. The analytical method used is descriptive statistics, Johansen cointegration, and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The results showed that the price of red chilli fluctuated. Red chilli price fluctuations occur because production is seasonal, causing the distribution of chillies to be uneven every month. Therefore, efforts are needed to regulate cropping patterns so that the supply of chilli is always available. The results of market integration show that all variables are cointegrated in the long run and not integrated into the short run. This indicates that price information is transmitted imperfectly. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the information system so that all market participants can access market information.

The utilization of natural resources in recent decades is not accompanied by proper and effective management. This has a major impact on environmental degradation in watershed scale and climate change. The study aimed to evaluate changes in soil characteristics at various ages of sand mining and the cost of reclamation of environmental degradation due to sand mining activities. The study was conducted in Sumberbulu Micro Watershed, which is located in Wajak Sub-District, Malang Regency. Soil sampling was collected from un-mined, 2 to 6 years old sand mining and post-mining lands. Natural resource equivalency analysis (REA) was applied for environmental damage assessment and reclamation cost calculation required to restore natural resource services to their original condition. The findings show that sand mining activities significantly decreased soil organic C in 0-40 cm soil depth, resulting in increased soil bulk density and decreased soil porosity at 20-40 cm depth of soil. Sand mining activities by using truck traffic carrying mining products, soil erosion, and the removal of topsoil during mining activities determined changes in soil properties. REA shows that the total area of land that must be reclaimed is 21,487 ha. The land will be reclaimed by revegetation (with maize) to restore the lost function of environmental services and income of local farmers, assuming a reclamation cost of 36,767,500 IDR/ha. Therefore, post-mining land reclamation should be encouraged by the government for mining business actors in Indonesia so that the land can be reused as before.

This paper addresses the challenges posed by Industry 4.0 and the COVID-19 pandemic, which necessitate digital transformation in educational institutions. It focuses on the specific issues of integrating enterprise information systems to facilitate this transformation. The solution proposed is the development of an integrated information system to manage operational processes within educational institutions. This system targets key domains including student admissions, academics, finance, and human resources, utilizing role-based access control (RBAC) and Single Sign-On (SSO) for efficiency and security. The methodology involves a collaborative effort under the Matching Fund program by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of Indonesia. This collaboration includes the Universitas Islam Indonesia and the Salman Alfarisi Yogyakarta educational institution. The approach includes defining the project, collecting, and reviewing lessons, creating a repository of these lessons, and disseminating the findings. The project successfully developed and implemented an integrated information system, addressing the initial challenges and improving organizational efficiency in the participating educational institution. The system’s deployment covered multiple key operational domains, significantly digitizing the institution’s processes. This paper contributes valuable insights and best practices from the integration project, serving as a model for other universities and educational institutions. It showcases the potential of collaborative efforts in accelerating digital transformation in education, especially in the context of Indonesia’s vast network of universities and educational institutions.

This study investigates the potential of flavonoid compounds from Sandoricum koetjape leaf extracts as tyrosinase inhibitors, using in vitro and in silico methodologies. Tyrosinase is crucial for melanin synthesis, and its excessive activity leads to hyperpigmentation disorders. The extracts underwent maceration, partitioning, and concentration, followed by tyrosinase inhibition assays and LC-MS/MS analysis. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest inhibitory activity, revealing key flavonoids like Kaempferol-3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside and Quercimeritrin. Molecular docking and dynamic simulations provided insights into their binding mechanisms. Kaempferol-3-Oβ-D-glucopyranoside exhibited a binding affinity of -8.4 kcal/mol, while Quercimeritrin had -7.7 kcal/mol. PreADME profiles indicated Quercimeritrin’s higher solubility, better skin permeability, and lower environmental toxicity. This comprehensive evaluation underscores the viability of S. koetjape as a natural source for tyrosinase inhibitors, highlighting the need for further optimization and in vivo studies to confirm efficacy and safety for dermatological applications.

This study aims to develop local content reading books for the history of Wajo in an effort to add insight for educators and students from aspects of local history in Wajo Regency. The development of reading books follows 3 (three) stages from 4 (four) stages of development in the Four D development model. The research subjects consisted of validators as media experts and material experts, two history teachers as practitioners, and 60 students as a test subject. Data collection techniques used questionnaires and interviews, which were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the study showed that: students needed interesting history learning and motivated students to learn more about history so there was a need for reading books that support learning the history of local content in the Wajo Region. Local history was seen as more interesting because it was more contextual than national history. The development of teaching material for the history of Wajo was realized into a digital book (e-book) through the stages of validation and testing to determine the level of practicality. The validity of reading books was carried out by validation by teaching material experts, media experts and Wajo historians. The practicality of this reading book reaches 75.22% in the good category so that it is suitable for use and does not need revision.

The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the order of learning that has been carried out by lecturers at universities. Learning shifted from traditional to online. Online learning is one of the main strategies that must be carried out by lecturers in order to ensure that the learning process continues. The study aims to determine students’ responses and feedbacks during online learning in English courses during Covid - 19. The research method used descriptive quantitative method. Data were taken using questionnaires and interviews. The questionnaire was prepared through Google Form and a link was sent to students, and lecturers via WhatsApp. The population and sample in this study were students of the DIII TLM study program, S1 Pharmacy, S1 PGSD and S1 ARS at Universitas Megarezky who took English courses. The instrument used is a response questionnaire and student feedback during online learning. Based on data processing and analysis that online learning carried out by lecturers in English courses has been effective, efficient, varied, helping students understand the material, forming independent learning, and increasing student active participation in learning. There are several important findings regarding online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Zoom, WhatsApp and Google Classroom are the most widely used applications as learning media. There are several obstacles experienced by teachers and students during the implementation of online learning related to internet access and quotas. Both students and teachers long for face-to-face learning activities directly in the classroom. Both students and teachers long for face-to-face learning activities directly in the classroom. Zoom, WhatsApp and Google Classroom are the most widely used as learning media. There are several obstacles experienced by teachers and students during the implementation of online learning related to internet access and quotas. Both students and teachers long for face-to-face learning activities directly in the classroom.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan atlet bola voli tentang salah satu bentuk latihan psikologis yaitu self talk untuk mengatasi tekanan dalam permainan bola voli. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik survei. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini 30 orang atlet. Pengambilan data menggunakan instrumen berbentuk tes butir soal dengan aplikasi google form. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan atlet tentang self talk sebagai salah satu solusi mengatasi tekanan dalam permainan bola voli, sebagai berikut: sejumlah 10 atlet atau 33.33% kategori Tinggi; 12 atlet atau 40% kategori sedang, 8 atlet atau 26.67% kategori Rendah. Tidak ada atlet yang pengetahuannya kurang. Atlet perlu meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang latihan mental khususnya self talk untuk mengatasi tekanan saat pertandingan.

The third goal of sustainable development is the well-being of society. Government actions to achieve this goal is by increasing built capital (e.g., infrastructure and housing) in urban and rural areas. Other forms of capital that can improve well-being include strengthening community bonds in the community (social capital). This study aims to explore the level of social capital (bonding, bridging, and linking) in rural and urban communities and the correlation between social capital and well-being. The data used is the Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 (IFLS5). The sample consists of 12,872 rural communities and 18,532 urban communities. T-test analysis was used to determine differences in levels of social capital, while a pairwise correlation was used to determine the correlation between social capital and well-being. The results showed that the majority of urban and rural communities had moderate levels of bonding and bridging, while linking is at a low level. In addition, there are significant differences in bonding, bridging, and linking social capital between urban and rural communities, in which rural communities have higher scores than urban communities. It was also found that there was a positive relationship between the bridging and bonding of urban and rural communities and well-being. Keywords: social; capital; well-being; urban; rural

This study aims to describe determine the factors that affect the household poverty of the Watu Ulo Sumberejo Village, Ambulu Sub District, Jember District. The research was conducted in watu ulo in Ambulu Sub District, Jember District. the selection of the research location was carried out deliberately (Purposive), with the consideration that the village is a coastal village with many fisherman household settlements, most of whom work as fishermen which own a fishing boat smaller or equal to five gross tonnages (GT). The population in this study were all the fisherman household of Watu Ulo in Ambulu Sub District, Jember district, namely 316 Household, with a total sample size of 38 respondents using the Yamane formula. To answer the objective, a binary probit model is used. The results showed that based on the binary probit test, the factors that significantly influenced household poverty of Watu Ulo in Ambulu Sub District, Jember District were the number of household members, education of the head of the household, the catch payment. It is necessary to improve distribution within the government, monitoring, counseling, and the support from the goverment so that the government is right on target. Keywords: household; small; fisherman; poverty; probit

This paper attempts to investigate the price volatility of fruits with higher economic values, which are avocado, apple, guava, banana, and jackfruit, and analyzes the long-term and short-term period relationship between production and prices of these fruits. The data used are the quarterly productions and prices of avocado, apple, guava, banana, and jackfruit on the producer level for 2012 to 2020 obtained from Agriculture office of Batu Municipality. The volatility evaluation was using the ARCH/GARCH. The long-term relationship was analyzed using the Johansen cointegration test, and the short-term relationship used the Error Corection Mechanism (ECM). The results of the volatility analysis confirmed that every fruit studied had a low volatility rate. In addition, the productions and prices of the commodities studied had been cointegrated in the long-run; however only avocado, guava, and apple have a short-run relationship. The government is suggested to provide price and production information systems to ensure farmers' market access. Keywords: price volatility, fruits, ARCH/GARCH, cointegration, ECM

This research is based on the validity and reliability of the confidence instrument against jump serve. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of validity and reliability of the confidence instrument against jump serve. The research method uses descriptive quantitative research. The instrument in this study was a questionnaire about athletes' self-confidence with a total of 68 statements about the confidence factor, namely: 1) optimistic; 2) independent; 3) likes the sport they do; 4) have no worries; 5) can adapt. The subjects of this study were 12 extracurricular volleyball athletes at SMA Negeri 1 Bambanglipuro, Bantul. Content validity using the Delpi technique with two experts in sports psychology and volleyball and reliability using Cronbach's Alfa. The results of the instrument validation to measure the volleyball athlete's confidence in performing the jump serve were validated in content and empirically the instrument to measure the volleyball athlete's confidence in performing the jump serve. The content validity of the Delphi results from the two experts obtained agreement and correction that this instrument needed to be improved in preparing negative statement instructions and technically when to fill out the questionnaire. Using the Pearson Product Moment, empirical validity obtained the results of the trials carried out; from the 68 initial questions, 12 items fell out. So that the remaining 56 questions are valid. The instrument's reliability with empirical calculations shows that this instrument has high reliability, namely: 0.979. Based on the validity and reliability test of the instrument, this instrument is suitable to be used to measure the confidence of volleyball athletes in performing jump services.

This research aims to produce, implement, and test the effectiveness of a mini-volleyball learning model, in particular, to habituate character values among elementary schools students. It was conducted using a research development (R&D) method. The research samples comprised 30 physical education teachers and 252 elementary school students. The data were collected using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The research instruments were interview, questionnaires, rubrics, and authentic assessment. The learning model’s content validity was tested by seven experts, and construct validity was tested using Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Furthermore, the model’s effectiveness instrument was developed based on a rubric and authentic assessment to assess character development. The validity was tested by three experts, and the reliability was tested with an interclass correlation (ICC) test. Four inter-rater or independent observers were involved in assessing the model’s effectiveness. The results of this study determined that the model of mini-volleyball learning materials successfully habituated the character values of discipline, cooperation, and hard work with a t-value of -11.700 and significant value is 0.000.

The success or failure of a lesson will be seen during the teaching and learning process because it will show how prepared the learner is with the suitable materials and strategies. This study aims to analyze the need for developing teaching materials, designing teaching materials, and validating the validity and practicality of the effectiveness of developing teaching materials in English courses. This research method is Research and Development. The development model refers to S. Thiagarajan et al., which consists of 4 stages: Define, design, develop, and Disseminate. The research subjects were 38 students and one lecturer. Data collection techniques using qualitative and quantitative methods (interviews, observations, documentation, and questionnaires). English teaching materials were developed and validated by material and media experts, with material and media validation being very valid. The small group trials obtained a very practical category. In contrast, the large group trials obtained a practical category and, as seen from the lecturer's response in assessing teaching materials, obtained a very practical category. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of teaching materials can be seen from the passing rate on tests given to students, with results > 80 in the very good category. Based on the results found, it can be concluded that practical and effective teaching materials are used in the learning process in English courses.

This study was aimed to analyze the factors affecting the cabbage production, the level of technical efficiency of cabbage farming, the factors affecting technical inefficiency, and the profits of cabbage farming. The location was determined purposively on the basis that it is the center of vegetable cultivation. The respondents were 67 farmers chosen using the Yamane formula sampling technique. This research used frontier software 4.1 data analysis method with Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) approach and Tobit regression. The results showed that land, labor, seeds, organic fertilizers, urea fertilizers, za fertilizers and npk fertilizers were real influential factors. Meanwhile, pesticides were insignificantly influenced. The mean technical efficiency in the research site was 0.903 for the distribution of technical efficiency, so that the cabbage production was rated as high efficiency. Age, education and credit access dummy contributed a major impact on technological inefficiency. The income from cabbage farming per planting season per hectare was Rp35,524,300 from cash costs and Rp31,051,800 from total costs.

Verbal interactions will occur when both the teacher/lecturer and learners could completely understand what each other means. It happens verbally among the teacher and learners during the teaching learning activity (Mardiana et al., 2019). This study was mainly conducted to examine the University students’ perception on verbal interaction through WhatsApp chat group. This study used qualitative descriptive method was used to achieve the objective of this study. Observation and a questionnaire were adopted as tools for data collection. A total number of samples was 14 English as a Foreign Language learners in university students. The analysis of the data revealed that university students’ perception on verbal interaction gave the positive feedback towards WhatsApp chat group. This proves that ordinarily learners selected agree with utilizing WhatsApp chat group in doing verbal interaction. Hence, utilizing of WhatsApp chat group can be recommended as an efficient technique in verbal interaction for teaching and learning process.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kontribusi recive servis, dig, cover dan toss pemain libero dalam pertandingan bola voli. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik observasi dan match analisis pada pertandingan final bola voli putra indoor SEA GAMES 2019. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi yang dinilai oleh dua orang ahli, yaitu ahli bola voli dan ahli tes dan pengukuran. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah dua orang libero tim nasional bola voli indoor Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada set pertama libero 1 berkontribusi dalam recive servis, dig, cover dan toss sebesar: 38.6%. Set kedua libero 1 berkontribusi: 26.2%. Pada set kedua libero 2 berkontribusi sebesar: 16.3%. Pada set ketiga libero 2 berkontribusi sebesar: 52.1%. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini bahwa kontribusi kemampuan libero sangat menentukan dalam keberhasilan tim dalam melakukan serangan maupun bertahan, baik kemampuan recive servis, dig, cover dan toss. Rekomendasi peneliti hendaknya pelatih melatih libero dengan kondisi sedekat mungkin dengan kondisi sebenarnya di lapangan. Kesalahan yang dilakukan libero di lapangan hendaknya diulang-ulang dibenahi dan diberikan solusi atau pembetulan baik konsep maupun teknik Purposed of this study was to determine the contribution of recive servis, dig and toss libero players in volleyball matches. The research method was used quantitative descriptive research with observation and match analysis techniques in the SEA GAMES 2019 indoor men's volleyball final match. The study’s instrument was the observation sheet assessed by two experts, namely, volleyball expert, test and measurement expert. Subjects in this study were two Indonesian national volleyball national team libero. Results showed that in the first set libero number 1 contributed to the recive service, dig and toss by: 38.6%. The second set of libero number 1 provided: 26.2%. In the second set of libero number 2 participated: 16.3%. In third set, libero number 2 contributed: 52.1%. The conclusion in this study is that the contribution of Libero's ability was crucial to the success of the team in attack and defense, both the ability to recive service, dig, cover and toss. Common researchers' recommendation should be that the trainer train libero with conditions as close as possible to the field’s actual requirements. A libero made mistakes in the area should be repeated addressed and given a solution or correction of both concepts and techniques.

This research aims to examine competency's influence on functional officials' performance through equalization pathways. Employing an applied causal quantitative approach, the study surveyed functional officials from various universities, with 100 respondents. A questionnaire served as the instrument, encompassing variables such as competency, work motivation, work culture, and the performance of functional officials. Data analysis comprised descriptive and inferential analyses alongside multiple regression analysis techniques aimed at determining variable X's partial and simultaneous influence on variable Y. The findings revealed a positive correlation between competency (X) and performance (Y), indicating that higher competency levels corresponded to higher performance levels. In comparison, lower competency levels were associated with diminished performance. Thus, it can be inferred that a significant relationship exists between competency and the performance of functional officials.

In preparing Malioboro as a 24-hour tourist area, garbage and waste can cause negative impacts. This study aims to identify the daily amount and factors of waste in the study area, namely the gate of Kepatihan sayap Malioboro area, using a phenomenological and rational approach. In this study, following the thoughts of B. Sommer (1980) about the person center map and place center map so that the movement of Malioboro visitors and the activities of visitors and street vendors in a certain period with a certain study area. The types of waste that most often appear are food and beverage packaging, plastic bags, plastic straws and cigarette butts. The maximum volume of waste that can be accommodated in the trash per day is 3 x 1.458 m3 = 4,374 m3 per day. Awareness of the importance of cleanliness is important through socialization in the form of a flash mob. The next suggestion is to maximize the function of the trash can by separating it according to its type.

This research aims to find out the feasibility of mobile learning product. This research refers to the development model by Alessi & Trollip. The procedure of mobile learning development consists of (1) planning, (2) designing, and (3) developing that was equipped with component attributes including standards, ongoing evaluation, and project management. The product testing consists of alpha test assessed by media experts, material experts, and instructional experts, while, the beta test involvs impairment students. The data collection techniques used questionnaire. The instrument of data collections used questionnaire. The data analysis techniques used descriptive analysis techniques. The research results showed the feasibility of the product was considered as highly-feasible based on the assessment of media experts, material experts, instructional experts, and the first students’ responses.

The current era of digitalization has big impact on education, the use of technology and information is not only for learning but as an evaluation tool. This development raises problems that require the completion of high-level thinking, therefore students need to prepare the ability to think and be able to develop skills. This study aims to measure the self-efficacy of computer skills on student learning outcomes and interactions in mathematics subjects. This research method used quantitative approach in Quasi Experiment Design. Total sample were 64 students. CBT was used in evaluating mathematics subjects and using a questionnaire to determine the level of self-efficacy of computer abilities towards students learning outcomes. Analysis of research data was carried out using ANOVA, to test the hypothesis using two-way ANOVA (two-way ANOVA) using the SPSS version 25.0 for windows software program. The results showed that there was CBT of mathematics subjects towards student learning outcomes with a mean score of 85 in and a mean score of 80 with a criterion of 3.03, having impact and the criteria value 2.78. The interaction between computer-based tests with self-efficacy computer capabilities had the most correlation with a positive relationship. It can be stated that there is an impact of computer-based tests and self-efficacy of computer ability and has an interaction between CBT and self-efficacy on learning outcomes.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi program 5 hari sekolah sebagai upaya mengembangkan pendidikan karakter pada siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan lima hari sekolah dilaksanakan dengan mengintegrasikan karakter pada kegiatan intrakurikuler, kokurikuler dan ekstrakurikuler. Kegiatan untuk mendukung pengembangan pendidikan karakter yaitu melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler yaitu keagamaan, pengamalan nilai-nilai Pancasila, budaya kemataraman, dan kepramukaan. Kegiatan lain yang mendukung pengembangan pendidikan karakter yaitu melalui kegiatan pembiasaan. Hambatan yang dialami dalam implementasi kebijakan lima hari sekolah yaitu pendanaan untuk kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, keadaan siswa, dan tenaga pendidik. Kata kunci: kebijakan lima hari sekolah, pendidikan karakter IMPLEMENTATION OF FIVE DAY SCHOOL POLICIES AS A MEANS OF CHARACTER EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN BASIC SCHOOL Abstract This study aims to determine the implementation of the program 5 days of school as an effort to develop character education in primary school students. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the five-day school policy is carried out by integrating the characters in the intracurricular, co-curricular and extracurricular activities. Activities to support the development of character education through extracurricular activities that are religious, practice the values of Pancasila, culture kemataraman, and scouting. Other activities that support the development of character education are through habituation activities. Obstacles experienced in the implementation of the five-day school policy are funding for extracurricular activities, the condition of students, and educators. Keywords: five days school policies, character education

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan: (1) menghasilkan bahan ajar interaktif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika pada siswa kelas X SMA PIRI 1 Yogyakarta, (2) menghasilkan bahan ajar interaktif yang layak untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa kelas X SMA PIRI 1 Yogyakarta, dan (3) menghasilkan bahan ajar interaktif yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa kelas X SMA PIRI 1 Yogyakarta. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengacu pada langkah-langkah desain pengembangan yang dikembangkan oleh Alessi & Trollip. Desain pengembangan tersebut dikelompokkan atas tiga prosedur pengembangan, yang meliputi: (a) tahap perencanaan (planning), (b) tahap desain (design), dan (c) tahap pengembangan (development). Penelitian ini (1) menghasilkan bahan ajar interaktif dalam bentuk digital yang dikemas menggunakan Compact Disk (CD) dan dilengkapi buku petunjuk yang dapat digunakan oleh siswa sebagai sumber belajar pendukung pembelajaran matematika, (2) produk yang dihasilkan dinilai sangat layak untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi, ahli media dan subyek uji coba, dan (3) produk yang dihasilkan efektif meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa kelas X SMA PIRI 1 Yogyakarta, terbukti dengan nilai rata-rata pretest sebesar 22,65 meningkat pada posttest sebesar 74,23 dengan nilai gain skor 0,71. Kata kunci: bahan ajar interaktif, pemahaman konsep, siswa SMA kelas X. INTERACTIVE LEARNING MATERIAL TO IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING OF MATHEMATICAL CONCEPTS IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF CLASS X Abstract This developmental research aims to: (1) produce an interactive learning material product for improving understanding of mathematical concepts of grade X students of SMA PIRI 1 Yogyakarta, (2) generate viable interactive learning materials for improving understanding of mathematical concepts of grade X students of SMA PIRI 1 Yogyakarta, and (3) generating interactive effective learning materials for improving understanding of mathematical concepts of grade X students of SMA PIRI 1 Yogyakarta. This research refers to the developmental phases developed by Alessi & Trollip. The developmental design was grouped into three development procedures, consisting of: (a) planning, (b) design, and (c) development. The research (1) produces interactive learning materials in digital form which are packed in Compact Disk (CD) and comes with manuals that can be used by students as learning resources supporting mathematics learning, (2) the product is considered highly feasible to improve the understanding of mathematical concepts based on the assessment of material experts, media experts, and subject trials, and (3) the product effectively improves the understanding of mathematical concepts of grade X students of SMA PIRI 1 Yogyakarta, as evidenced by the pretest average value of 22.65 increases in posttest to 74.23 with gain score value of 0.71. Keywords: interactive learning materials, conceptual understanding, high school students of class X

ABSTRAK Sarana prasarana merupakan aspek penting di dalam manajemen bencana, terutama wilayah yang memiliki potensi tsunami yang tinggi seperti kepulauan Mentawai. Salah satu kelompok yang rentan terhadap bencana tsunami adalah siswa sekolah. Kerentanan ini dikarenakan masih rendahnya kesiapsiagaan siswa SSB dalam pengurangan risiko bencana di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan sarana prasarana terhadap kesiapsiagaan siswa SSB dalam pengurangan risiko bencana tsunami. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan desain observational analitik korelatif dan pendekatan cross sectional dengan sampel sebanyak 109 siswa yang di ambil dari kelas 5 dan 6 di 3 SDN yaitu SDN 13, SDN 16 dan SDN 17 di Kecamatan Sipora Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara sarana prasarana dengan kesiapsiagaan siswa SSB dalam pengurangan risiko bencana tsunami, dengan nilai (p=0.000) dan nilai r =0.98. Sarana prasarana memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kesiapsiagaan siswa SSB sehingga dapat menghambat kesiapsiagaan siswa dalam pengurangan risiko bencana tsunami di Kecamatan Sipora Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai. Kata Kunci: Sarana Prasarana, Kesiapsiagaan, Pengurangan Risiko Bencana ABSTRACT Infrastructure and facilities is an important aspect of disaster management especially in areas with high Tsunami potential such as Mentawai Islands. One of the groups which are vulnerable to Tsunami is students. This vulnerability is due to the low preparedness of Sekolah Siaga Bencana (School-Based Disaster Preparedness, abbreviated as SBB) students in disaster risk reduction. This study aims to analyze the relationship of infrastructure and facilities to the preparedness of SSB students in disaster risk reduction especially tsunami. This study is a quantitative research conducted by using a correlative-analytic observational design and cross-sectional approach with a sample of 109 students taken from 5th and 6th grader in 3 Sekolah Dasar Negeri (Elementary School or SDN) namely SDN 13, SDN 16 and SDN 17 in Sipora District, Mentawai Islands. There is a significant relationship between infrastructure-facilities and the preparedness of SBB students towards the reduction of Tsunami risk with the value of (p = 0.000) and r = 0.98. Infrastructure and facilities have a significant relationship with the preparedness of SBB students so that it can inhibit the reduction of tsunami risk in Sipora District, Mentawai Islands. Keywords: Infrastructure and facilities, Preparedness, Disaster Risk Reduction