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Rising lower- and middle-class Victorians benefited from affordable opportunities for travel, with the hospitality industry newly opened to travelers of all socioeconomic backgrounds. Travel destinations, domestic and international, became spaces of contention, shared by the wealthy-accustomed to privilege-and the lower classes-who aimed to share in that privilege. Popular periodicals satirized these developments, as iii the Punch character'Arry, a Coekney man known for following the latest trends, including travel. Symbolizing the generic lower-class tourist, 'Arry also appears in newspapers and other periodicals, and in works of fiction by Mary Elizabeth Braddon, Marie Corelli, and Florence Marryat. Arry and his companion 'Arriet highlight class and race tensions, at home and abroad, in unique and unprecedented ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Intermediality / Revue Intermédialités is the property of La Revue Intermedialites / Centre de recherche sur l'intermedialite and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article focuses on Tsitsi Dangarembga's novel This Mournable Body (2018), which completes her trilogy on Tambudzai Sigauke's life story in relation to the neoliberal political order in contemporary Zimbabwe. The country has been recently referred to as cultivating ultra-neoliberal policies, and, in such a framework, state repression becomes replaced by state negligence towards citizens' economic survival. In This Mournable Body, neoliberalism and the uneven accumulation of wealth are portrayed through the tourism industry. The novel shows deepening forms of injustice and economic discrepancies in neoliberal Zimbabwe, where impoverished groups of people, living in the cities as well as outside them, are compelled to commodify their lives for the needs of the tourism industry in order to get by. In the novel, Tambudzai emerges as an egoistic character, as she epitomises a new type of neoliberal citizen–subject who is ready to maximise her own benefits at the expense of others and whose ambitions remain only in her own career. I analyse her character with regard to the so-called sell-out mentality; however, Dangarembga depicts Tambudzai's unpatriotic behaviour as a defence mechanism, which finally gives way to full mourning at the end of the novel. Dangarembga's critical characterisation of the neoliberal forms of capitalism is juxtaposed with her representation of an alternative unhu/ubuntu business model at the end of the novel. However, even if Dangarembga proposes unhu/ubuntu business as a Zimbabwean form of balanced capitalist enterprise, I argue that neoliberal markets are taking advantage of these African forms of capitalism as well. The romanticised ending of the novel slightly undermines its otherwise astute illustration of uneven development in neoliberal Zimbabwe, which contributes to rural and urban poverty, communal rupture and drastic forms of citizen competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A literary criticism of the historical novel "The Pearl of Orr's Island" by Harriet Beecher Stowe is presented. Topics discussed include the advent of summer tourism at Casco Bay, Maryland which coincided with the book's popularity, the novel's portrayal of a small fishing village in the state, and Stowe's emphasis on romantic scenery in the novel.

A literary criticism of the novel "Giovanni's Room" by James Baldwin is presented. It compares how Baldwin represents intersections between underground queer culture and the culture of the American Express. The author highlights Baldwin's interest in the mobility of both groups. Baldwin's essays "Notes on a House of Bondage" and "The Male Prison" are also referenced.

The 'critical turn' is defined as a research perspective that explores social transformation in and through tourism by facing the negative impact of strategic-instrumental rationality on this activity. This work explores the features of discourse ethics that may normatively support tourism transformation, a gap that has not been thoroughly discussed in tourism research. For this purpose, the study combines the use of critical and ethical theory with an analysis of discourse ethics in tourism literature to demonstrate that the use of Habermasian discourse ethics needs to be complemented with the Apelian approach. Through these steps the work reveals the theoretical bases of discourse ethics to discuss whether understandings between stakeholders guided by strategic-instrumental rationality can be reached not only in the political sphere --Habermas--, but also in the ethical field --Apel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines three contemporary Danish novels, written by Kirsten Thorup, Katrine Marie Guldager, and Kirsten Hammann, with respect to their depictions of tourism, happiness, guilt, and gender. Topics discussed include the correlations between happiness and touristic travel, the authors' concepts of femininity, and a 2014 film by Swedish filmmaker Ruben Östlund, entitled "Turist," about a Swedish family on a skiing holiday.

This paper examines the effects of meeting in a relevant empirical setting with the purpose of co-writing an academic book. A writing seminar is used to explore how such encounters impact scholars’ motivations and actions regarding writing. Data were collected through participant observation, discussions, and in-depth interviews. Based on experiential and learning theories, the study led to the identification of four categories of academic co-writing, reflected through data from formal and informal meeting contexts: writing to process information; to develop knowledge; to play, socialize, and have fun; and to present oneself. The study findings suggest that academic institutions should arrange and support scholarly meetings to fulfill goals such as knowledge building, publication, and networking. At the individual level, being together and discussing and clarifying topics, constructs, and ideas motivate scholars to write and to publish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Miscelánea: A Journal of English & American Studies is the property of Miscelanea: A Journal of English & American Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Travel, long recognised as arite of passage, is often also touted as a transformative experience which facilitates cross-cultural understanding, fosters an embrace of diversity and promotes global awareness. This process is aligned with youth development and has a rich history in the tourism literature. The importance of transformational travel, however, has now spread to programmes across the higher education landscape, with the recognition that travel has the potential to nurture a global citizenry. Additionally, for many young people, the motivation for studying abroad is to assist in the transition to adulthood. In this way, educational travel is similar to an ‘overseas experience’ or a ‘gap year’. It is often taken at an important time of transition in emerging adulthood, for example, from school to work. We argue that this period of identity formation for youth can be likened to a rite of passage much like the Grand Tour of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries was for young European men and women. Our paper examines the role of the study abroad experience in promoting youth transformation and global citizenry. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Literary literature and tourism are closely connected, but the research on that connection is limited. Literary tourism spots are no longer just the places where historical accidents happened or were sites of a writer's birth or death, they can be any other places which have actual or even imaged linkages with the authors or their works. Based on Bourdieu's 1992 field theory and the ‘Artworld’ described by Danto [1964. The artworld. The Journal of Philosophy, 61, 571–584] and Dickie [1974. Art and the aesthetic: An institutional analysis. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press; 1984. The art circle: A theory of art. New York, NY: Haven], this study proposes an analytical framework comprising the atmosphere, activities and agents of art field development in order to understand the formation of a literary tourism product. San Mao teahouse in Zhouzhuang, China is used as an example. On-site observations, interviews and secondary data were collected for this study. The study finds that San Mao Teahouse as a literary venue is the result of the interaction of the literary field of San Mao and the tourism field of the historical town of Zhouzhuang. In the early stage of development, the owner and manager of San Mao Teahouse played the role of producer and marketer, and later on, tourists took more active roles by writing more literary works and promoting the site on websites based on their faith in San Mao, her work and the place. The research also finds that literary tourism is not a conventional art product, but a special experience of literature in the tourism world. Overall, the research contributes to the current knowledge by presenting a new case of formation of literary venues in tourist spots, introducing a new analytical framework and also facilitating the understanding of cultural change in tourist destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, which is based on interdisciplinary approach, examines the role of the Slovenian author Lovro Kuhar – Prežihov Voranc (1893 – 1950) in the development of literary tourism in Carinthia (Koroška) and the presentation of the writer at the writer's ethnographic memorial museum called The Prežihov Voranc Cottage ("Prežihova bajta" in Slovenian). This cottage is located in Preški Vrh above the Carinthian village called Kotlje, near Ravne na Koroškem, Slovenia. The article analyses how many tourists visit Prežih's cottage per year and aims to show that there is potential for further development of literary tourism in Carinthia by developing tourism products based on the personality of Prežihov Voranc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Literature and geography are closely related in the worlds of consumption and mobility, and literature is often used as a resource for the tourism industry. The reading and consumption of literature, therefore, are related to visitation of a real place, and the roles of readers and tourists merge. The case of one literary tourism site, the San Mao Teahouse in the ancient town of Zhouzhuang in China, is selected to explain the complexity of reading and geography consumption in literary tourism. Observations and in-depth interviews were used to collect the data, and then the thematic analysis method was used. The study finds that tourists can also actively participate in the construction of literary places at destinations where relevant texts do not exist. In this kind of literary place, consumption occurs in multiple spaces as a result of tourists’ reading combined with geographical consumption. This study proposes a conceptual framework to analyze the geography consumption of literature in tourist destinations. The results show that the main geography consumption is reflected in three aspects, namely text, reality, and imagination. Based on their previous reading experiences, readers explore both the literary text and the reality. In this process, their imaginations always have an effect. Two distinguishing features have been found: first, through actively reading and decoding literary geography, the readers recreate a new fictionalized reality based on their imaginations. Second, the readers pursue the imaginative process from the real Zhouzhuang back to an imagined place that San Mao wrote about. The study contributes to the current literary geography research field, especially from the perspective of consumption. The study also provides a new perspective on literature in the modern world and practical implications for the design of literary tourist products and literary heritage conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article talks about the 1962 novel "Another Country" by James Baldwin. Topics discussed include the novel's characters of Eric and Yves, the novel's depictions of tourism, tourism signifying gauche consumerism, and the language of mobility, space and geography in Baldwin scholarship by examining tourism as a cultural practice and a channel of foreign aid.

Copyright of Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization & Management / Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Slaskiej. Seria Organizacji i Zarzadzanie is the property of Silesian Technical University, Organisation & Management Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Encountering the Pacific in the Age of Enlightenment, John Gascoigne (2014) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 574 pp., ISBN 978 0 5218 7959 0 (hbk), £84.99 Pacific Worlds: A History of Seas, Peoples, and Cultures, Matt Matsuda (2012) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 450 pp., ISBN 978 0 5217 1566 9 (pbk), £19.99 The Great Ocean: Pacific Worlds from Cook to the Gold Rush, David Igler (2013) Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 272 pp., ISBN 978 0 1999 1495 1 (hbk), US$31.95 The Black Pacific: Anti-Colonial Struggles and Oceanic Connections, Robbie Shilliam (2015) London: Bloomsbury Academic, 264 pp., ISBN 978 1 4725 3554 2 (pbk), £19.99 Matters of the Heart: A History of Interracial Marriage in New Zealand, Angela Wanhalla (2013) Auckland: Auckland University Press, 316 pp., ISBN 978 1 8694 0731 5 (pbk), NZ$49.99 The Rise and Fall of National Women's Hospital: A History, Linda Bryder (2014) Auckland: Auckland University Press, 236 pp., ISBN 978 1 8694 0809 1 (pbk), NZ$49.99 A Rising Tide: Evangelical Christianity in New Zealand 1930-65, Stuart M. Lange (2013) Dunedin: Otago University Press, 300 pp., ISBN 978 1 8775 7855 7 (pbk), NZ$40 Maranga Mai! Te Reo and Marae in Crisis?, Merata Kawharu (ed.) (2014) Auckland: University of Auckland Press, 280 pp., ISBN 978 1 8694 0805 3 (pbk), NZ$45 Language Contact in the Early Colonial Pacific: Maritime Polynesian Pidgin Before Pidgin English, Emanuel J. Drechsel (2014) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 349 pp., ISBN 978 1 1070 1510 4 (hbk), £65 Climate Change, Forced Migration and International Law, Jane McAdam (2012) Oxford: Oxford University Press, 344 pp., ISBN 978 0 1996 8222 5 (pbk), £26.49 Securing Paradise: Tourism and Militarism in Hawai'i and the Philippines, Vernadette Vicuna Gonzalez (2013) Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 296 pp., ISBN 978 0 8223 5370 6 (pbk), US$24.95 Gender on the Edge: Transgender, Gay, and Other Pacific Islanders, Niko Besnier and Kalissa Alexeyeff (eds) (2014) Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 408 pp., ISBN 978 0 8248 3883 6 (pbk), US$35 Pacific Identities and Wellbeing: Cross Cultural Perspectives, Margaret Nelson Agee, Tracey McIntosh, Philip Culbertson and Cabrini 'Ofa Makasiale (eds) (2013) Dunedin: Otago University Press, 332 pp., ISBN 978 1 8775 7835 9 (pbk), NZ$45 Pacific Futures: Projects, Politics and Interests, Will Rollason (ed.) (2014) New York: Berghahn Books, 256 pp., ISBN 978 1 7823 8350 5 (hbk), US$95 Asians and the New Multiculturalism in Aotearoa New Zealand, Gautam Ghosh and Jacqueline Leckie (eds) (2015) Dunedin: Otago University Press, 312 pp., ISBN 978 1 8775 7823 6 (pbk), NZ$40 When the Farm Gates Opened: The Impact of Rogernomics on Rural New Zealand, Neal Wallace (2014) Dunedin: Otago University Press, 160 pp., ISBN 978 1 8775 7872 4 (pbk), NZ$40 Get Off the Grass: Kickstarting New Zealand's Innovation Economy, Shaun Hendy and Paul Callaghan (2013) Auckland: Auckland University Press, 248 pp., ISBN 978 1 8694 0762 9 (pbk), NZ$34.99 Inequality: A New Zealand Crisis, Max Rashbrooke (ed.) (2013) Wellington: Bridget Williams Books, 296 pp., ISBN 978 1 9271 3151 0 (pbk), NZ$39.99 A Search for Tradition & A Search for a Language, Douglas Lilburn (2011) Wellington: Lilburn Residence Trust, 112 pp., ISBN 978 0 4731 8379 0 (pbk), NZ$25 Kitchens: The New Zealand Kitchen in the 20th Century, Helen Leach (2014) Dunedin: Otago University Press, 320 pp., ISBN 978 1 8775 7837 3 (pbk), NZ$49.95 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China has experienced rapid urbanization over recent decades. The tourism literature, however, has rarely explored this issue. This article examines the historical process of urbanization and tourism development, using time-series data of Guangdong Province in China for the period 1994–2010. Research results are based on a systematic analysis studying the relationship between tourism development and urbanization. Tourism development is measured by the total income generated by tourism. Urbanization has been operationalized by population, economic, geographic landscape, and sociocultural dimensions. This study suggests that urbanization, though generally increasing tourism development, does not affect all types of tourism development uniformly. The results show that urbanization is an important factor for domestic tourism development, but not for foreign tourism development in China. Therefore, policy-makers, while assessing the effect of urbanization on tourism development, should be cautioned on the different policy goals the province would want to achieve. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper examines Robert Dessaix's tourist experiences in his fifth book-length publicationTwilight of Love: Travels with Turgenev(2004). Drawing on tourism theorists John Urry and John Frow, I suggest that Dessaix's travel experience shifts between the self-conscious coolness of the post-tourist and an unselfconscious, humanist quest for authenticity. I analyse these shifts in terms of Ning Wang's concept of “existential authenticity” which he differentiates from objectivist, constructivist and post-modernist approaches to authenticity. Dessaix essentially engages with, or moves playfully between, each of these modes. Ultimately, though, they dovetail at Courtavenel, France, when he visits one of Turgenev's former dwellings, revealing anessentialsense of absence at the centre of Dessaix's identity, one that speaks to his absent biological parents, his lack of a concrete genealogy, the silence that surrounded his homosexuality in the first part of his life, and the threat of mortality that permeates Dessaix's work and his efforts to engage with his “true self”. In this way, Dessaix's travel experience not only characterises his journey as a quest for existential authenticity, but it also confirms Judith Adler's notion of travel as an artform that is capable of articulating subjectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

An essay is presented on the representation of tourism and the remaking of place in the novel "England, England," by Julian Barnes, focusing on the work of Raymond Williams, "The Country and the City." It explores the context of literary place-production and tourism development in the neoliberal moment. It says that the work of Barnes reveals the complex revisions of domestic hinterlands as part of an effort to increase tourism profit and nationalist nostalgia.

This study follows the evolution of Chinese outbound tourism literature over a 30-year period, from 1983 to 2012. A systematic review is undertaken of articles published in the three leading tourism journals to identify research trends. The review uses an evolutionary metaphor to chronicle the main contributions over three distinct stages: crawling out (1983–1992), scurrying about (1993–2002), and walking erect (2003–2012). The article concludes with a discussion of the key findings and suggestions for future research. Walking erect is appropriate and suggests this body of knowledge is still developing and has a considerable way to go. It also denotes that Chinese outbound tourism is likely to impact on Western research and will increasingly make its own contributions to generating new theory within the broader international tourism domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper situates current knowledge on family tourism with pointers to the future by drawing on multidisciplinary contributions to a recent consolidative book Research in family tourism is limited, fragmented and individualized, thus not accounting or t ie diversity of family forms, sociality of family groups and multidimensionality of family experiences. Integration of thinking about and understanding the changing nature of families in tourism is needed. The key concepts of change are captured through a cognitive mapping perspective. This research process allows an exploration and systemic tool for constructivism interpretation. The cognitive model resulted in nine main themes that represent emerging and changing trends in family tourism. The key purpose here is the identification of the slow moving changes and trends that are occurring in family tourism based upon cognitive modelling of current research and their significance for pie icting the future. This demonstrates connectivity between concepts providing a more holistic and critical interpretation of the future of families and tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Tourism scholars tend to endorse the most pessimistic assessments regarding climate change, despite the fact that it is a highly controversial scientific topic. This research note provides the balance that is missing from the overly alarmist studies on climate change and tourism. Notwithstanding the common notion in the academic tourism literature, recent research provides evidence that the mainstream reports on anthropogenic global warming are vastly exaggerated, and that human-induced greenhouse gas concentrations do not play a substantial role in climate change. In any case, whatever small degree of global warming is likely to occur, its net effects will most likely be positive for humans, plants and wildlife. Consequently, the recommendation to tourism scholars and policymakers is to exercise extra caution in the face of the fashionable belief of dangerous man-made climate change. In light of the current scientific literature, advocating and implementing radical environmental policies are likely to be ineffective, ill-timed and harmful to the tourism industry. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]