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Plastics are one of the biggest waste in the world and are difficult to recycle. One of the methods used to recycle plastics is by a distillation machine. Condensor is one part of the distillation machine that is used to condense liquid vapor from the plastic burning process. There are three variables used to investigate the performance of the condenser, namely heat released, condensation rate, and condenser efficiency. Consideration in using temperature difference for analysis is developed in this study. The temperature difference is obtained based on the cooling water temperatur used. Extrapolation is used to get the outlet temperature of the cooling water. Five variations of cooling water temperature were used in this study to get the temperature difference, namely 10 oC, 15 oC, 23 oC, 27 oC, and 30 oC. The temperature difference obtained is based on the cooling water temperature, namely 20 oC, 26,6 oC, 35,4 oC, 53 oC, 64 oC. The result shows that from the temperature 20 oC to 64 oC, there is an increase in heat released from 83,72 kJ/s to 267,904 kJ/s, the condenssation rate and condenser efficiency are also increased from 0,468 kg/s to 1,499 kg/s and 12,369 % to 39,582 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aerodynamics are fundamental to the daily lives of us living primarily in a gaseous environment we call air. It can be observed in many daily things such as piping, vehicles, and buildings. Aerodynamics can play a crucial part in safety or efficiency of an object. Design engineers must include aerodynamic calculation into consideration, especially if it includes safety, such as buildings, bridges, and other important structures. Cylinder is one of many geometries profile that can represent specific flows which occurs on such applications. Design engineers now have the option of using a CFD software to aid them through the process of engineering. This software takes almost all parameters into account and calculate them according to the user choice of subject. This research is aimed to investigate the flow around cylinder model using CFD method of AF1300a. The simulation is done using ANSYS CFD software, at 5 different speeds (1,39 m/s, 2,78 m/s, 4,17 m/s, 5,56 m/s, and 12,5 m/s) with 3 different mesh smoothing options (low, medium, and high smoothing) which results in different number of nodes and elements of the mesh. The result shows medium and high smoothing mesh to have similar output in pressure area, and velocity area. So medium mesh smoothing is enough for the next research as the optimal mesh smoothing option. The results of this research will be used for future research on vehicles aerodynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study deals with the fabrication of polyvinyl alcohol composites reinforced with 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 wt% of date palm leaf fibers. Among these 60 wt% is providing good sound absorption because of the increase of porosity. Next to acoustic behaviour of composites analysed by varying thickness from 20-40mm by keeping density constant (60 wt %). An impedance tube setup is used for the measurement of the sound absorption coefficient. The sound absorption properties of composite samples increased significantly by increasing the thickness of materials with a constant density. Initially, sound absorption was measured without an air gap behind the samples and it was observed that date palm leaf fibers composite behaves like a good sound energy absorber in the frequency range of 1500-6300 Hz. Another experiment performed by introducing the air gap behind the samples varies from (10-30mm). This configuration dissipating more energy of sound waves as compared to without air gap because air is also absorbing some amount of energy. Air gap with this sample can be used as a new method for the fabrication of natural fiber-reinforced composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global outbreak of Covid-19 has caused countries all over the world, including Indonesia to take preventive measures, such as social and physical restrictions. Implementation of these restrictions on public facilities includes prohibiting people to sit on public chairs that are marked with a cross symbol. However, in reality, people often ignore this. In addition, existing public chairs do not have features that support health protocols. These things cause discomfort for most people, hence "Extendable Chair" is designed based on ergonomic aspects as a chair that can be extended and is equipped with several health protocols and user comfort supporting features. Authors also designed the company that will produce extendable chairs while considering and analyzing marketing aspects, technic and technological aspects, managerial and human resources aspects and financial aspects to determine the business feasibility of a company. The main target market for extendable chairs include parks, educational institutions, terminals and shopping centres in DKI Jakarta with a market share of 20%. Based on the analysis done, the company is estimated to earn total revenue of $419,637.32 in the first year by selling 1,621 units of extendable chairs and some of the production waste. With a Minimum Attractive Rate of Return (MARR) of 15%, the company has an Net Present Value (NPV) of $24,923.44; Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 21%; Break Even Point (BEP) at 4,653 units; Benefit/Cost (B/C) ratio of 1.09; and the payback period is 1.997, so it can be concluded that the business is feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

P.T. Prima Sanitary is a private company located in Marunda, Bekasi City, producing portable washbins for public facilities. Activities carried out by the community during the COVID-19 pandemic require handwashing facilities provided in public places. This research begins with a market survey and conceptualization based on community needs. Based on the demand forecast with the quadratic method, P.T. Prima Sanitary will produce 6 units of product in a day with a selling price of Rp 3,550,000. To support product manufacturing, P.T. Prima Sanitary requires 25 office employees and 25 factory workers. P.T. Prima Sanitary uses a systematic layout planning method in making the layout to ensure the most efficient possible material movement distance. After that, a business feasibility study was carried out, with an initial capital of Rp 2,383,189,000. Then P.T. Prima Sanitary took 3.21 years or sold 9798 units of products to achieve a return on investment. Based on sensitivity analysis, it is not appropriate to run a business when the price of raw material costs increases by 40%, the cost of goods sold increases by 12%, and total revenue decreases by 10%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some facilities had not become the main focus in the supermarket, that is a trolley. Therefore, Smart Hygiene Trolley C - 19 are designed. The smart trolley is an innovation that prevents the transmission of COVID - 19. This product allows people to use shopping trolleys without touching the trolley's handle. Also, some facilities like sterilizers will clean the trolley when the shoppers use it to keep the trolley clean. This product was created by doing market surveys at supermarkets during the pandemic era to find customer concerns and needs when shopping at supermarkets. After getting the customer's concerns and needs from the survey, three product concepts are created using Autodesk Fusion 360 and then narrowed to the final concept by concept screening and concept assessment. After getting the final product concept from concept screening and assessment, the final product concept is measured using anthropometry to make the product comfortable and safe. After that, the layout for the company was made using the SLP method. After that, cash flow was made to determine the payback period for selling the product based on the forecasting that has been done using software QM for Windows V5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The supermarket is a shopping centre that sells many kinds of products. In the current pandemic, supermarkets also swiftly follow the government's protocol by checking the temperature for every person who comes in. However, the protocol required in some facilities that had not become the main focus in the supermarkets is the trolley. Therefore, designed Smart Trolley. The smart trolley is an innovation that prevents the transmission of COVID - 19. This product allows people to use shopping trolleys without touching the trolley's handle. Also, some facilities like sterilizer will clean the trolley when the shoppers use it to keep the trolley clean. Created this product by doing market surveys at supermarkets during the pandemic era to find the customer's concern and needs when shopping at supermarkets. After getting the customer's concerns and needs from the survey, then creating six product concepts using Autodesk Fusion 360 and narrowed them to the final concept using concept screening and concept assessment. After getting the final product concept from concept screening and concept assessment, measuring the final product concept using anthropometry to make the product comfortable and safe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the people of Indonesia still need to go to public marketplaces to fulfil basic necessities. During this pandemic, hygiene became an important part of halting the spread of COVID - 19. Yet, there is little to no public facility designed to assist people in sterilizing their belongings. In creating a sterilization facility, the VDI 2221 design method is used, a method with a systematic approach to solving problems and optimizing the use of materials and technology. The research starts from literature studies, benchmarking, and product designs with new developments and innovations to answer consumer problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this research, some data was collected, including material data and data on assembly time and process. By carrying out this research, a product design was produced that could function as a sterilizing facility for carry-on goods in public places. This product is known as Multifunctional Hygiene Facility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PT. SKEAL Indonesia is a company located in Cakung, East Jakarta, producing Handisfirst, a hand sanitizer dispenser and first aid kit product on bus. Considering resident health and hand hygiene in public places, especially in public vehicles such as Jakarta transportation buses, the product was made to meet public transportation users' needs. This product design study begins with a survey of the need for market research and a collection of product design concepts included in the market to compare the product that is planned to be designed. Based on the forecast done using the linear regression method, PT SKEAL Indonesia will produce 22 units a day, with each price Rp. 1.900.000,00. It is essential to produce this quantity, and it is calculated that PT. SKEAL Indonesia will need 18 office workers and 32 factory workers. To ensure efficient production, PT. SKEAL Indonesia uses a plant layout strategy to make the layout. The financial planning result shows that the total fund needed to support the company is Rp 2.953.574.731,00. To reach the breakeven point, PT. SKEAL Indonesia has to reach 26982 units or in the 3,75th year since the company started. Based on the sensivity analysis, PT. SKEAL Indonesia's business won't be worth running if the raw material price increases more than 21,81% or the sales decreases more than 7,32%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motorcycle taxi drivers use their handphone to do their job. Motorcycle taxi drivers need handphone holders to put their handphone when driving. The Handphone holder itself is essential to protect from falling the handphone while driving, protecting the handphone from the sun and rain. Therefore, a mobile phone holder multifunction was made to answer the wants and needs of the community. We analyzed and designed the formation of PT Sumber Harapan to produce mobile phone multifunction holders. Based on the Forecast done using the linear regression method, we produced 17853 units in the first year. PT Sumber Harapan has a BEP of 41965 units, with NPV>0, B/C Ratio>1, IRR>MARR, and has a payback period of 3 years and 9 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PT. Multi-Vehicle Nusantara is a company located in Cikupa, Tangerang, specialized in producing an adjustable multifunctional back car seat organizer, a medium to provide a solution for messy and uncomfortable surroundings that may irritate the car owners. Based on the demand forecast done using the linear regression method, PT. Multi-Vehicle Nusantara will produce 275 units a day, with each unit priced at Rp450.000,00. It is essential to produce this quantity, and it is calculated that PT. Multi-Vehicle Nusantara will need 28 office workers, 32 plant workers, and 156 operational workers. To ensure efficient production, PT. Multi-Vehicle Nusantara uses a plant layout strategy to make its layout. The financial planning result shows the total fund needed to support this company is Rp 42.694.813.975,00. To reach the breakeven point, PT. Multi-Vehicle Nusantara has to reach its 339276 units or in the 4.76th year since the company started. Based on the sensitivity analysis, this business is no longer worth running when the material price increased by 93.1% or the sales drop by 10.32%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PT. Makmur Jaya Selalu is a company located in Kalideres, Jakarta Barat that producing multifunction car locker, a device that can save clothes, shoes, perfume, and other clothing accessories. There are 3 lockers that can be used, the big one on the right is designed to keep the clothes, the small locker on the left side is designed to keep accessories, and the medium one on the left is designed to keep footwear. Based on the forecast using the linear regression method, PT. Makmur Jaya Selalu will produce 5 units a day, with each price Rp. 2.000.000,00. It is essential to produce this quantity, and it is calculated that PT. Makmur Jaya Selalu will need 20 office workers, 19 plant workers, and 25 operational workers. To ensure efficient production, PT. Makmur Jaya Selalu uses a plant layout strategy to make its layout. The financial planning result shows the total fund needed to support this company is Rp 5.071.532.685,00. To reach the breakeven point, PT. Makmur Jaya Selalu has to reach 2558 units sales or in the 4.65th year since the company started. Based on the interpolation method to get an exact value, PT. Makmur Jaya Selalu's business is not worth running when the raw material price increase by more than 80.5% or the sales decrease by more than 13.3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The handgrip is a vehicle accessory that functions as a grip for bus passengers who do not get a seat to maintain their balance while the bus is driving. Currently, the handgrips available on these buses are comfortable for users who have the right height to hold the handgrips. However, the hand grip position is considered too high and makes it very difficult for people with short stature to find a grip on the bus. We created a product design to help people who have difficulty using existing hand grips based on these complaints. The handgrip of Multifunctional Bus designed ergonomically includes adjusting handgrip length according to the user's height. Multifunctional Bus Hand Grip products have been designed using several aspects without changing the Product's primary function. Besides, we also focus on the feasibility analysis and planning layout of PT Trans Sejahtera Tbk as the Multifunction Bus Hand Grip producer. After analyzing several aspects, then Multifunctional Bus Hand Grip products will be marketed in the DKI Jakarta area. The total of products produced in the first year will be 3422 units obtained by forecasting using the linear method. In normal conditions with a MARR of 15%, the NPV is Rp1,154,290,436.07, an IRR of 20%, a B / C ratio of 1.66, and a BEP 42091.8 units, and a payback period of 6.5 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PT. Salim Selamat Sempurna is a company engaged in furniture manufacturing. Problems occur in the complexity of work systems where there are many non-value-added activities and product defects during the painting process. The research identifies the waste that occurs, including overproduction waste, delay, transportation, motion waste and defective product. The first step in this research is making the current process flow map, current process flow diagram, and current state map. Data processing results show that the value of PCE based on CVSM amounted to 54.356%. In the next stage, waste is analyzed using the Fault Tree Analysis and 5W + 1H analysis. After obtaining the cause of waste, a discussion with the internal company is conducted to obtain a proposal according to the factory's current situation and condition. Given proposals include factory layout redesign by pairwise exchange approach, work order form design, material handling concept selection and drafting painting station concept. At the last stage, a final analysis is conducted to measure the factory efficiency level by making a futures process flow map, a futures flow diagram, and FVSM. Based on the final analysis obtained value of PCE calculation results increased by 8.34% to 62.70%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CV. Mega Abadi is a company in the manufacturing industry that produces paints. One of the superior products is epoxy paint. In fulfilling the customer's needs, the company is used to make to stock strategy, where the products that have been produced will be stored, and the customer's needs will be taken from the warehouse. The production pattern in this company is flowshop, where the jobs have the same production sequence. The marketing department has done the production schedule based on the product demand forecast, and then it will be sorted from the highest to the lowest demand forecast. The purpose of this research is to give a machine scheduling design to minimize makespan. The heuristic method used is Campbell, Dudek, and Smith (CDS) Algorithm, and the meta-heuristic methods used to obtain the most optimal result are Tabu Search Algorithm and Genetic Algorithm. After calculating the company's actual scheduling that begins with the forecast of the production amount with the decomposition method, its scheduling sequence is obtained. It can be known that the company's makespan is 334,68 minutes and flowtime 286,53 minutes. The results of data processing show that Tabu Search Algorithm produces the most optimal value with the production sequence 6018 Epoxy TC Yellow Green - 7001 Epoxy TC Light Grey - 1003 Epoxy TC Banana Yellow -9017 Epoxy TC Black - 9016 Epoxy TC Snow White with makespan 313,13 minutes and flowtime 288,61 minutes, and the result for the efficiency index is 1,068 and 7,61% of relative error. This research aims to create a production scheduling application/software that can help arrange the production schedule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]