10 results on '"Timonen, Anri"'
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2. Within-herd prevalence of intramammary infection caused by Mycoplasma bovis and associations between cow udder health, milk yield, and composition
- Author
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Timonen, Anri A.E., Katholm, Jørgen, Petersen, Anders, Mõtus, Kerli, and Kalmus, Piret
- Published
- 2017
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3. Antimicrobial Selection for the Treatment of Clinical Mastitis and the Efficacy of Penicillin Treatment Protocols in Large Estonian Dairy Herds
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Timonen, Anri, primary, Sammul, Marju, additional, Taponen, Suvi, additional, Kaart, Tanel, additional, Mõtus, Kerli, additional, and Kalmus, Piret, additional
- Published
- 2021
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4. Mycoplasma bovis’e põhjustatud udaranakkuse epidemioloogia piimaveisekarjades
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Timonen, Anri Aino Elisa, Kalmus, Piret, Mõtus, Kerli, and Frey, Joachim (opponent)
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dissertations ,fluids and secretions ,udder diseases ,animal diseases ,dissertatsioonid ,cattle diseases ,bovine ,dairy cattle ,food and beverages ,udarahaigused ,veis ,veiste haigused ,piimakari - Abstract
A Thesis for applying for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Science. The aim of the thesis was to identify the within-herd prevalence of M. bovis IMI in Estonian dairy herds and analyse the associations between M. bovis IMI and cow milk yield and milk quality. In addition, the aim was to evaluate the elimination of M. bovis IMI from infected udder quarters during the dry period and to compare the M. bovis strains isolated from clinical mastitis and calf respiratory samples. Cow composite milk samples (CMS) were collected from all lactating cows from one dairy herd in November 2014 (Study I). The within-herd prevalence of M. bovis IMI was 17.2%. The daily milk yield of M. bovis positive dairy cows was on average 3.0 kg lower and somatic cell count 0.8 units higher compared to M. bovis negative dairy cows. Milk fat percent was on average 0.05 units and urea content 15.6 mg/dl lower in M. bovis positive dairy cows. In Study II, all lactating dairy cow CMS were collected thrice during regular milk-testings from four herds. Colostrum samples were collected from all calving cows and udder quarter milk samples from all clinical mastitis cases. Respiratory tract swab samples were collected from calves with respiratory disease. The within-herd prevalence of M. bovis varied in four study herds between 0.4% and 12.3% during the study. The prevalence of M. bovis in cow colostrum (range 1.7% - 4.7%) and clinical mastitis cases (range 3.7% - 11.0%) was low. M. bovis strains isolated from clinical mastitis cases and calf respiratory samples clustered within herds. In Study III, the presence of M. bovis DNA was analysed on cow udder quarter level at dry-off and at the first milking post-partum for all dairy cows between November 2014 and May 2015 in one dairy herd. The elimination rate for M. bovis during dry period was 86.7%. There was no association between the presence of M. bovis and local inflammatory response measured via haptoglobin at dry off or post-partum. M. bovis IMI has negative impact on cow udder health and milk yield and should be effectively controlled in dairy operations. Väitekirja eesmärk oli hinnata Mycoplasma (M.) bovis’e põhjustatud udaranakkuse karjasisest levimust, nakkuse mõju lehma piimatoodangule ja koostisele, bakteri esinemist veiste udaraveerandites kinnijätmisel ja pärast poegimist, ning võrrelda vasikate hingamiselunditest ja kliinilise mastiidi proovidest isoleeritud patogeeni tüvesid. M. bovis’e udaranakkuse karjasisese levimuse hindamiseks koguti Eestis ühe piimaveisekarja lehmadelt üldpiimaproovid. PCR-i analüüsi tulemustest selgus, et uurimisaluses karjas oli M. bovis’e karjasisene levimus 17,2%. M. bovis’ega nakatunud lehmade päeva piimatoodang oli keskmiselt 3 kg võrra väiksem, somaatiliste rakkude arv piimas logaritmitud skaalal 0,8 ühikut kõrgem ning piima rasvasisaldus 0,05 ühikut ja karbamiidisisaldus 15,6 mg/dl väiksem võrreldes tervete lehmadega. M. bovis’e udaranakkuse karjasisese levimuse muutust ajas uuriti neljas piimaveisekarjas, kus üldpiimaproovid koguti kolmel korral. Samuti koguti kõigilt katseperioodi jooksul poeginud lehmadelt piimaproovid esimese poegimisjärgse lüpsi käigus ning kliinilise mastiidi korral. Hingamisteede haiguse korral võeti vasikatelt tampooniproovid. M. bovis’e karjasisene levimus varieerus karjade lõikes 0,4–12,3% vahel. M. bovis’e levimus lehmade ternespiimas ja kliinilise mastiidi proovides oli kõikides karjades väike (vahemik vastavalt 1,7–4,7% ja 3,7–11,0%). Vasikate hingamiselunditest ja kliinilise mastiidi proovidest isoleeritud M. bovis’e genotüübid olid karjasiseselt sarnased. M. bovis`e põhjustatud udaranakkuse esinemist lehmadel kinnijätmisel ja pärast poegimist ning udarakoes tekkinud paikset põletikureaktsiooni hinnati ühes Eesti piimaveisekarjas. Lehmadelt koguti kinnijäämisel ja esimesel poegimisjärgsel päeval udaraveerandi piimaproovid. Suurem osa udaraveeranditest (86,7%), mis olid kinnijätmisel M. bovis’e suhtes positiivsed, osutusid pärast poegimist selle patogeeni suhtes negatiivseks. M. bovis’e udaranakkus ei mõjutanud oluliselt piima haptoglobiini, kui udarapõletiku indikaatori, sisaldust. M. bovis’e udaranakkusel on negatiivne mõju lehma udaratervisele ja piimatoodangule, mistõttu tuleb nakkust karjades efektiivselt tõrjuda. The publication of this dissertation is granted by the Estonian University of Life Sciences more...
- Published
- 2020
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5. Dynamics of the within-herd prevalence of Mycoplasma bovis intramammary infection in endemically infected dairy herds
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Timonen, Anri A.E., primary, Autio, Tiina, additional, Pohjanvirta, Tarja, additional, Häkkinen, Liidia, additional, Katholm, Jørgen, additional, Petersen, Anders, additional, Mõtus, Kerli, additional, and Kalmus, Piret, additional more...
- Published
- 2020
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6. Mycoplasma bovis’e põhjustatud udaranakkuse karjasisene levimus, mõju lehma udaratervisele, piimatoodangule ja -koostisele
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Timonen, Anri Aino Elisa, Kalmus, Piret, and Mõtus, Kerli
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levimus (stat.) ,mükoplasmad ,udarapõletik ,magistritööd ,piimakvaliteet ,piimakari - Abstract
Subkliiniline mastiit põhjustab majanduslikku kahju alanenud piimatoodangu ning halvenenud piimakvaliteedi tõttu. Käesoleva uurimistöö eesmärkideks oli välja selgitada Mycoplasma bovis’e (M. bovis) põhjustatud subkliinilise mastiidi karjasisene levimus ning hinnata M. bovis’e põhjustatud subkliinilise mastiidi mõju lehma piimatoodangule ja piimakoostisele. Uurimistöö läbiviimiseks koguti 2014. aasta novembris ühes Eesti lüpsikarjas kõikidelt lüpsvatelt lehmadelt (n = 522) individuaalsed piimaproovid. Igast piimaproovist määrati somaatiliste rakkude arv, valgu-, rasva- ja karbamiidisisaldus ning registreeriti lehma päevane piimatoodang. Polümeraasi ahelreaktsiooniga määrati Mycoplasma bovis’e, Staphylococcus aureus’e, Streptococcus agalactiae ja Streptococcus uberis’e esinemine piimaproovides. M. bovis’e levimus oli uurimisaluses karjas 17,2% (95% UV 14,1 ; 20,8). M. bovis’e põhjustatud subkliinilise mastiidi esinemises ei olnud erinevust 1. ja 2. laktatsiooni ning enam kui 3. laktatsiooni lüpsnud lehmade vahel. Samuti ei tuvastatud uuringus erinevust subkliinilise M. bovis mastiidi esinemussageduses erinevates laktatsioonistaadiumites. Lehmadel, kelle piimaproovis tuvastati M. bovis, oli päeva piimatoodang keskmiselt 2,9 kg võrra väiksem võrreldes lehmadega, kelle piimaproovis M. bovis’t ei tuvastatud. M. bovis’e esinemine piimaproovis seostus oluliselt kõrgema piima somaatiliste rakkude arvuga (p < 0,05) ning väiksema rasva- ja karbamiidisisaldusega. Uurimistöö tulemuste põhjalt järeldati, et subkliinilisel M. bovis mastiidil on negatiivne mõju uurimisaluse karja udaratervisele, piimatoodangule ja - koostisele. Järeldust, et subkliinilise M. bovis mastiidi mõju udaratervisele ja piimatoodangule teistes Eesti piimafarmides oleks sarnane meie uuringu tulemustega, ei saa teha ühes karjas tehtud uuringu põhjal. Käesoleva uurimistöö tulemusi saab kasutada infoallikana edasiste M. bovis mastiiti käsitlevate uuringute planeerimisel. Et paremini mõista M. bovis’e olulisust nakkava mastiidipatogeenina, on vaja teostada täiendavaid epidemioloogilisi uuringuid selgitamaks, millised on antud haigustekitaja leviku- ja ülekandeteed loomade vahel nakatunud karjas ning millised riskifaktorid mõjutavad haiguse teket. Subclinical mastitis is one of the major health problems in dairy herds, primarily because of decreased milk production and lower quality. The aim of this study was to examine the within-herd prevalence of subclinical intramammary infection caused by Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) and to evaluate impact of this bacterium on milk yield and milk composition. To carry out this study, individual milk samples (n = 522) were collected from all lactating dairy cows in one Estonian dairy farm in November 2014. All milk samples were analyzed for somatic cell count as well as milk protein, fat and urea content. Daily milk production of cows was registered. Presence of Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus uberis in the milk samples was confirmed by using polymerase chain reaction. The within-herd prevalence of M. bovis was 17.2% (95% CI 14.1 ; 20.8) in the investigated farm. Cows infected with M. bovis were equally distributed between groups of first, second and three or more lactations. There was no association between days in milk and subclinical M. bovis mastitis. Daily milk production in cows positive to M. bovis was on average 2.9 kg lower compared to cows negative to M. bovis. In addition, the presence of M. bovis in milk samples was significantly associated with higher somatic cell count (p < 0.05) and lower fat and urea content in the milk sample. It can be stated, that subclinical M. bovis mastitis has a negative impact on cow udder health, milk production and composition. However, based on a study in one farm, it can not be concluded, that this pathogen is spread and affects the milk yield and milk composition the same way in other Estonian dairy farms as in this farm investigated. More studies should be made to identify different risk factors for intramammary M. bovis infection and possible routes of transmission of the pathogen between animals. more...
- Published
- 2016
7. Antimicrobial Selection for the Treatment of Clinical Mastitis and the Efficacy of Penicillin Treatment Protocols in Large Estonian Dairy Herds.
- Author
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Timonen, Anri, Sammul, Marju, Taponen, Suvi, Kaart, Tanel, Mõtus, Kerli, and Kalmus, Piret
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DAIRY cattle ,MEDICAL protocols ,MASTITIS ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,SOMATIC cells ,MILK allergy - Abstract
Clinical mastitis (CM) is the most common microbial disease treated in dairy cows. We analyzed the antimicrobial usage in cows with CM (n = 11,420) in large dairy herds (n = 43) in Estonia. CM treatment data were collected during a 12-month study period. The antimicrobial usage was observed during the 21 days from the initiation of treatment, and the incidence of antimicrobial-treated CM was calculated for each study herd. The effect of intramammary (IMM), systemic, and combined (systemic and IMM) penicillin treatment of CM on the post-treatment somatic cell count (SCC) was analyzed using the treatment records of 2222 cows from 24 herds with a mixed multivariable linear regression model. The median incidence of antimicrobial-treated CM was 35.8 per 100 cow-years. Procaine benzylpenicillin and marbofloxacin were used in 6103 (35.5%, 95% CI 34.8–36.2) and 2839 (16.5%, 95% CI 16.0–17.1) CM treatments, respectively. Post-treatment SCC was higher after IMM penicillin therapy compared to systemic or combination therapy. Treatment of CM usually included first-choice antimicrobials, but different antimicrobial combinations were also widely used. The effect of procaine benzylpenicillin to post-treatment SCC was dependent on the administration route, cow parity, and days in milk. Further studies should evaluate the factors affecting veterinarians' choice of antimicrobial used in the treatment of CM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2022
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8. Subclinical Mycoplasma bovis udder infection impairs udder health and decreases milk production.
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Timonen, Anri
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MYCOPLASMA bovis ,MILK yield ,DAIRY cattle ,RESPIRATORY diseases ,DISEASE prevalence ,MASTITIS - Abstract
Mycoplasma (M.) bovis belongs to the Mollicute genus bacteria, which lack a cell wall and are the smallest self-replicating bacteria with a parasitic way of life. M. bovis is categorised as contagious mastitis pathogen causing both clinical and subclinical mastitis. In addition to mastitis in dairy cows, M. bovis causes respiratory disease, otitis and arthritis in calves. Acute M. bovis udder infection causes decreased milk yield and udder health leading to economic losses in dairy herds. So far, there is a scant information about the epidemiology of M. bovis intramammary infection (IMI), including the within-herd prevalence of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2021
9. Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infection in automatic milking systems and association with cow udder health in Finnish dairy herds
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Erkheikki, Elisa Helena, Timonen, Anri, and Kalmus, Piret
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Staphylococcus aureus ,somatic cell count ,master thesis ,dairy cow ,magistritööd ,daily milk yield - Abstract
Final Thesis Curriculum in Veterinary Medicine Intramammary infection (IMI) is one of the major health problems in dairy herds worldwide causing economic losses and significantly decreasing milk production and quality. Staphylococcus aureus (Staph. aureus) is one of the most prevalent udder pathogens causing IMI. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Staph. aureus IMI and its association to cow somatic cell count (SCC), and daily milk yield (DMY). Data about cow composite milk SCC and DMY was recorded once from 253 dairy cows from two Finnish dairy herds. The data about mastitis causing bacteria in the cows’ udder quarter milk samples was collected from a three-month period before the SCC record. The within-herd prevalence of Staph. aureus IMI was 3.3% (95 % CI 1.3-7.4) and 5.5% (95 % CI 1.6-14.2) in the study herds 1 and 2 during the three-month period, respectively. There was no significant association between the presence of the Staph. aureus and cow SCC or DMY according to a linear regression model. In conclusion, the prevalence of Staph. aureus IMI was low in the study herds and no significant effect on DMY or milk SCC was identified in this study. Further studies should evaluate the prevalence of Staph. aureus in dairy herds with automatic milking systems for longer time period and with larger sample size. Veise udaranakkused on üheks peamiseks teguriks, mis halvendavad karjades piimakvaliteeti, vähendavad piimatoodangut ning põhjustavad majanduslikku kahju. Staphylococcus aureus (Staph. aureus) on peamistest udarapatogeenidest, mis põhjustab udaranakkuseid. Käesoleva uurimistöö eesmärgiks oli hinnata Staph.aureus põhjustatud udaranakkuse levimust ja selle mõju lehma üldpiima somaatiliste rakkude arvule (SRA) ja päevatoodangule. Lehma üldpiima SRA ja päevatoodang registreeriti kahes soome lüpsikarjas peetaval 253 lehmal. Mastiidipatogeenide esinemus määrati udaraveerandite piimast kolme kuu jooksul enne SRA analüüsi. Karjasisene Staph. aureus`e põhjustatud udaranakkuste levimus oli ühes karjas 3.3% (95 % CI 1.3-7.4) ja teises karjas 5.5 (95 % CI 1.6-14.2). Lehma piimatoodangu ja üldpiima SRA ning Staph. aureus esinemuse vahel ei leitud regresioonianalüüsiga statistiliselt olulist seost. Staph. aureus levimus oli uurimisalustes karjades madal ja sellel ei olnud mõju lehma päevatoodangule ega SRAle. Järgnevate uuringutega peab hindama robotlüpsikarjades Staph. aureus levimust pikema perioodi vältel ja suurema proovide arvu juures. more...
- Published
- 2022
10. Inflammatory indicators in the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis
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Vainonen, Miila Katarina, Timonen, Anri, Kalmus, Piret, and Veterinaarmeditsiin
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piim ,veised ,magistritööd ,mastiit ,haptoglobiin - Abstract
Final Thesis Curriculum in Veterinary Medicine Subclinical mastitis is caused by multiple udder pathogens and is the most prevalent and costly disease of the modern dairy industry. Early detection and proper identification methods for detection of subclinical mastitis are important in the disease management. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between milk dissolved oxygen concentration (DOC) and cow composite milk sample (CMS), somatic cell count (SCC) and haptoglobin (Hp) concentration to evaluate milk DOC as an inflammatory indicator to detect subclinical mastitis. Milk DOC was measured, and CMS collected from dairy cows (n = 1,179) in two dairy herds during regular milk recording. Information about SCC, milk yield (kg), milk fat and protein percent and urea concentration (mg/l) was recorded. Milk Hp concentration was measured. According to multivariable linear regression model, a statistically significant, negative relationship was identified between SCC ≥ 200 001 cells/ml and milk DOC. In mixed linear regression model, no significant association was identified between milk DOC and Hp concentration. Area under the curve in receiver operating characteristics analysis was 0.4654 using somatic cell count cut off 200 000 cells/ml and 0.5090 using somatic cell count cut off 100 000 cells/ml. Even though significant association was identified between cow CMS DOC and SCC ≥200 001 cells/ml, milk DOC cannot be used as an indicator for presence of subclinical mastitis identified by SCC. Further studies should evaluate the associations between milk DOC and other inflammatory Nisajuha kaudu udarasse sisenenud patogeenid põhjustavad veistel udarapõletikku, mis on piimakarjas kõige levinum ja majanduslikult enim kahju toov haigus. Udarapõletiku kulg võib olla kas kliiniline või subkliiniline. Udarapõletiku tõrje ja ravi seisukohalt on oluline see kiiresti ja tõhusalt avastada. Käesoleva uurimistöö eesmärk oli hinnata lehma üldpiimast määratud lahustuva hapniku konsentratsiooni, somaatiliste rakkude arvu ning haptoglobiini sisalduse oamvahelisi seoseid. Uurimistöö läbiviimiseks koguti kahest piimakarjast kokku 1179 lehma üldpiimaproovi, millest määrati lahustuva hapniku sisaldus, haptoglobiini sisaldus ning somaatiiliste rakkude arv. Lisaks registreeriti kontroll-päeva piimatoodang ja valgu-, rasvaning karbamiidisisaldus. Mitme muutujaga lineaarses regressioonanalüüsis leiti statistiliselt oluline negatiivne seos üldpiima lahustuva hapniku konsentratsiooni ja somaatiliste rakkude arvu ≥200 001 raku/ml vahel. Statistiliselt olulist seost ei leitud üldpiima lahustuva hapniku ja haptoglobiini sisalduse vahel lineaarses segamudelis. ROC-kõvera alune pindala oli 0.4654 kasutades somaatiliste rakkude arvu piirväärtust 200 000 raku/ml ja 0.5090 kasutades somaatiliste rakkude arvu piirväärtust 100 000 raku/ml. Kuigi statistiliselt oluline seos leiti üldpiima lahustuva hapniku konsentratsiooni ja somaatiliste rakkude arvu SCC ≥ 200 001 raku/ml vahel, ei ole võimalik tuvastada subkliinilise udarapõletikku põdevaid loomi üldlpiima lahustuva hapniku konsentratsiooni järgi. Et paremini mõista piimas lahustuva hapniku bioloogilist tähtsust ja seoseid udarapatogeenide ja teiste põletikumediaatorite vahel, tuleb teostada täiendavaid kliinilisi uuringuid. more...
- Published
- 2019
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