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2. The comparative responsiveness of Hospital Universitario Princesa Index and other composite indices for assessing rheumatoid arthritis activity

Author

Gonzalez-Alvaro, Isidoro, Castrejon, Isabel, Carmona, Loreto, Dougados, M., Huizinga, T., Abu Shakra, M., Alberts, A., Alperi Lopez, M., Amital, H., Aringer, M., Aslanidis, S., Berenbaum, F., Bijlsma, H., Blanco Garcia, F. J., Bliddal, H., Borofsky, M., Brocq, O., Buldakov, S., Cantini, F., Carreno Perez, L., Chahade, W., Ciconelli, R., Codreanu, C., Dahlqvist, S. R., Damjanov, N., Diamantopoulos, A., Dimdina, L., Dimic, A., Dorokhov, A., Dubikov, A., Fadienko, G., Fano, N., Ferreira, G., Gabrielli, A., Gaffney, K., Gaudin, P., Gerlag, D. M., Gerli, R., Goncalves, C. R., Hansen, M. S., Hanvivadhanakul, P., Hoili, C., Hou, A., Hunter, J., Ilic, T., Ionescu, R., Kaine, J., Kakurina, N., Kamalova, R., Kelly, T., Knyazeva, L., Krumina, L., Kurthen, R., Lagrone, R. P., Lapadula, G., Lavrentjevs, V, Lawson, J. G., Lazic, Z., Lejnieks, A., Levy, Y., Lexberg, A., Mader, R., Mariette, X., Markovits, D., Mola, Martin E., Maugars, Y., Guarch, Maymo J., Mazurov, V., I, Mikkelsen, K., Vergles, Morovic J., Nabizadeh, S., Nanagara, R., Nasonov, E. L., Sarabia, Navarro F., Neumann, T., Novak, S., Olech, E., Oza, M., Paran, D., Parsik, E., Pegram, S., Suarez, Pombo M., Popova, T., Puechal, X., Raja, N., Ridley, D., Rosner, I, Rubbert-Roth, A., Rudin, A., Saraux, A., Saulite-Kandevica, D., Settas, L., Sfikakis, P., Sheeran, T., Sizikov, A., Stamenkovic, D., Stefanovic, D., Stolow, J. B., Tan, A. L., Tebib, J., Tishler, M., Tony, H. P., Troum, O. M., Uaratanawong, S., Ucar Angulo, E., Valenzuela, G., van der Laken, K., Van Laar, J., van Riel, P. L. C. M., Vasilopoulos, D., Veldi, T., Vinogradova, I, Vosse, D., Wassenberg, S., Weidmann, C., Weitz, M., Wollenhaupt, J., Xavier, R., Yakupova, S., Zagar, I, Zavgorodnaja, T., Zemerova, E., Zisman, D., Zonova, E., Camona, Loreto, Abasolo Alcazar, L., Alegre de Miguel, C., Andreu Sanchez, J. L., Aragon Diez, A., Balsa Criado, A., Batlle Gualda, E., Belmonte Serrano, M. A., Beltran Audera, J., Beltran Fabregat, J., Bonilla Hernan, G., Caro Fernandez, N., Casado, E., Cebrian Mendez, L., Corteguera Coro, M., Cuadra Diaz, J. L., Cuesta, E., Fiter Areste, J., Freire Gonzalez, M., Galindo Izquierdo, M., Garcia Meijide, J. A., Garcia Gomez, M. C., Gimenez Ubeda, E., Gomez Centeno, E., Gomez Vaquero, C., Gonzalez Fernandez, M. J., Gonzalez Gomez, M. L., Gonzalez Hernandez, T., Gonzalez-Alvaro, I, Gonzalez-Montagut Gomez, C., Grandal Delgado, Y., Gratacos Masmitja, J., Hernandez del Rio, A., Instxaurbe, A. R., Irigoyen Oyarzabal, M., V, Jimenez Palop, M., Juan Mas, A., Judez Navarro, E., Larrosa Padro, M., Lopez Longo, F. J., Loza Santamaria, E., Maese Manzano, J., Manero Ruiz, F. J., Mateo Bernardo, I, Mayordomo Gonzalez, L., Mazzucheli, R., Medrano San Idelfonso, M., Naranjo Hernandez, A., Pecondon Espanol, A., Peiro Callizo, E., Quiros Donate, J., Ramos Lopez, P., Rivera Redondo, J., Rodriguez Gomez, M., Rodriguez Lopez, M., Rosello Pardo, R., Sampedro Alvarez, J., Sanmarti Sala, R., Rey Rey, Santos J., Tena Marsa, X., Tenorio Martin, M., Torres Martin, M. C., Urena Garnica, I, Valdazo de Diego, J. P., Valls, M., Villaverde Garcia, V., Zarco Montejo, P., Zubieta Tabernero, J., Balsa, Alejandro, Sanmarti, Raimon, Cabezas, J. A., Cantalejo, M., Chamizo, E., Ciruelo, E., Corrales, A., Cruz, A., Diaz, C., Fiter, J., Freire, M. M., Galindo, M., Garcia de Vicuna, M. R., Gelman, S. M., Gonzalez Crespo, R., Gonzalez Fernandez, C., Gracia, A., Granados, J., Guzman, M. A., Irigoyen, M., V, Juan, A., Juanola, X., Laiz, A., Manero, F. J., Martinez, A., Martinez, F., Mata, C., Maymo, J., Navarro, F. J., Peiro, E., Perez, F., Perez, G., Perez, M., Pujol, M., Quiros, J., Ribas, B., Riera, M., Rivera, J., Rodriguez, J. M., Rosello, R., Tenorio, M., Toyos, F. J., ACT-RAY Study Grp, PROAR Study Grp, EMECAR Study Grp, Interne Geneeskunde, MUMC+: MA Reumatologie (9), and RS: CAPHRI - R3 - Functioning, Participating and Rehabilitation

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, humanos, Severity of Illness Index, RECOMMENDATIONS, VALIDATION, VARIABLES, ensayos clínicos como asunto, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Cohort Studies, Internal medicine, Linear regression, Severity of illness, medicine, Humans, índice de gravedad de la enfermedad, estudios de cohortes, mediana edad, Clinical Trials as Topic, DISEASE-ACTIVITY MEASURES, Multidisciplinary, SCORES, business.industry, Arthritis, resultado del tratamiento, modelos lineales, Secondary data, Gold standard (test), Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Treatment Outcome, Rheumatoid arthritis, Antirheumatic Agents, Cohort, Linear Models, Medicine, Female, GENDER, business, antirreumáticos, artritis, Cohort study
Abstract

Objective To evaluate the responsiveness in terms of correlation of the Hospital Universitario La Princesa Index (HUPI) comparatively to the traditional composite indices used to assess disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to compare the performance of HUPI-based response criteria with that of the EULAR response criteria. Methods Secondary data analysis from the following studies: ACT-RAY (clinical trial), PROAR (early RA cohort) and EMECAR (pre-biologic era long term RA cohort). Responsiveness was evaluated by: 1) comparing change from baseline (Delta) of HUPI with Delta in other scores by calculating correlation coefficients; 2) calculating standardised effect sizes. The accuracy of response by HUPI and by EULAR criteria was analyzed using linear regressions in which the dependent variable was change in global assessment by physician (Delta GDA-Phy). Results Delta HUPI correlation with change in all other indices ranged from 0.387 to 0.791); HUPI's standardized effect size was larger than those from the other indices in each database used. In ACT-RAY, depending on visit, between 65 and 80% of patients were equally classified by HUPI and EULAR response criteria. However, HUPI criteria were slightly more stringent, with higher percentage of patients classified as non-responder, especially at early visits. HUPI response criteria showed a slightly higher accuracy than EULAR response criteria when using Delta GDA-Phy as gold standard. Conclusion HUPI shows good responsiveness in terms of correlation in each studied scenario (clinical trial, early RA cohort, and established RA cohort). Response criteria by HUPI seem more stringent than EULAR's., Our study was supported by grants RD16/0012/0011 and PI14/00442 from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Spain) and cofunded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). Data from ACT-RAY clinical trial were kindly provided by Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. No financial support was received from Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd Data from EMECAR and PROAR cohorts were provided by the Spanish Society of Rheumatology. No financial support was received from the Spanish Society of Rheumatology. None of these institutions played any role in the analysis or interpretation of data, nor were they involved in the writing of the manuscript. Roche and Sociedad Espanola de Reumatologia were involved in the collection of data from ACT-RAY, and EMECAR and PROAR, respectively. However, these funders had no role in study design, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Published
2019

21. Assessment of the European classification criteria for Sjögren's syndrome in a series of clinically defined cases: results of a prospective multicentre study. The European Study Group on Diagnostic Criteria for Sjögren's Syndrome

Author

Vitali, C., Bombardieri, S., Moutsopoulos H, M., Coll, J., Gerli, R., Hatron P, Y., Kater, L., Konttinen Y, T., Manthorpe, R., Meyer, O., Mosca, M., Ostuni, Pierantonio, Pellerito R, A., Pennec, Y., Porter S, R., Richards, A., Sauvezie, B., Schiødt, M., Sciuto, M., Shoenfeld, Y., Skopouli F, N., Smolen J, S., Soromenho, F., Tishler, M., Tomsic, M., Vandemerwe, Jpv, Yeoman, Cm, Wattiaux, Mj, Hitzelhammer, J., Petera, P., Hietanen, J., Malmstrom, M., Youniou, P., Grossin, M., Kahn, Mf, Ehrenfeld, M., Ianniello, A., PAOLO SFRISO, Ercolani, R., Muscat, C., Degiovanni, R., Rizzi, L., Vandenhoogen, Fhj, Hoodkaas, H., Kruize, Aa, Alves, J., Presetnik, M., Rozman, B., Axell, T., Larsson, A., Tabety, H., Maddison, Pj, Mutlu, S., Scully, C., Franklin, Cd, and Nelson, M.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Systemic disease, Eye disease, Immunology, Validity, Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca, Test validity, Sensitivity and Specificity, Xerostomia, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Salivary Glands, Sialadenitis, Rheumatology, Immunopathology, Internal medicine, Xerophthalmia, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Autoantibodies, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Sjogren's Syndrome, Female, business, Research Article
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To assess the recently proposed preliminary criteria for the classification of Sjogren9s syndrome (SS) in a multicentre European study of a new series of clinically defined cases. METHODS: The criteria included six items: I = ocular symptoms; II = oral symptoms; III = evidence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca; IV = focal sialoadenitis by minor salivary gland biopsy; V = instrumental evidence of salivary gland involvement; VI = presence of autoantibodies. Each centre was asked to provide five patients with primary SS, five with secondary SS, five with connective tissue diseases (CTD) but without SS, and five controls (patients with ocular or oral features that may simulate SS). The preliminary six item classification criteria set was applied to both the SS patients and the non-SS controls, and the performance of the criteria in terms of sensitivity and specificity was tested. RESULTS: The criteria set was tested on a total of 278 cases (157 SS patients and 121 non-SS controls) collected from 16 centres in 10 countries. At least four of the six items in the criteria set (limiting item VI to the presence of Ro(SS-A) or La(SS-B) antibodies) were present in 79 of 81 patients initially classified as having primary SS (sensitivity 97.5%), but in only seven of 121 non-SS controls (specificity 94.2%). When the presence of item I or II plus any two of items III-V of the criteria set was considered as indicative of secondary SS, 97.3% (71 of 73) of the patients initially defined as having this disorder and 91.8% (45 of 49) of the control patients with CTD without SS were correctly classified. CONCLUSION: This prospective study confirmed the high validity and reliability of the classification criteria for SS recently proposed by the European Community Study Group.

Published
1996

22. Assessment of the European classification criteria for Sjogren's syndrome in a series of clinically defined cases: Results of a prospective multicentre study

Author

Vitali, C Bombardieri, S Moutsopoulos, HM Coll, J Gerli, R Hatron, PY Kater, L Konttinen, YT Manthorpe, R and Meyer, O Mosca, M Ostuni, P Pellerito, RA Pennec, Y and Porter, SR Richards, A Sauvezie, B Schiodt, M Sciuto, M and Shoenfeld, Y Skopouli, FN Smolen, JS Soromenho, F and Tishler, M Tomsic, M vandeMerwe, JPV Yeoman, CM and Wattiaux, MJ Hitzelhammer, J Petera, P Hietanen, J and Malmstrom, M Youniou, P Grossin, M Kahn, MF Ehrenfeld, M and Ianniello, A Sfriso, P Ercolani, R Muscat, C and DeGiovanni, R Rizzi, L vandenHoogen, FHJ Hoodkaas, H and Kruize, AA Alves, J Presetnik, M Rozman, B Axell, T and Larsson, A Tabety, H Maddison, PJ Mutlu, S Scully, C and Franklin, CD Nelson, M

Abstract

Objective-To assess the recently proposed preliminary criteria for the classification of Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) in a multicentre European study of a new series of clinically defined cases. Methods-The criteria included six items: I = ocular symptoms; II = oral symptoms; III = evidence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca; IV = focal sialoadenitis by minor salivary gland biopsy; V = instrumental evidence of salivary gland involvement; VI = presence of autoantibodies. Each centre was asked to provide five patients with primary SS, dive with secondary SS, five with connective tissue diseases (CTD) but without SS, and five controls (patients with ocular or oral features that may simulate SS). The preliminary six item classification criteria set was applied to both the SS patients and the non-SS controls, and the performance of the criteria in terms of sensitivity and specificity was tested. Results-The criteria set was tested on a total of 278 cases (157 SS patients and 121 non-SS controls) collected from 16 centres in 10 countries. At least four of the six items in the criteria set (Limiting item VI to the presence of Ro(SS-A) or La(SS-B) antibodies) were present in 79 of 81 patients initially classified as having primary SS (sensitivity 97.5%), but in only seven of 121 non-SS controls (specificity 94.2%). When the presence of item I or II plus any two of items III-V of the criteria set was considered as indicative of secondary SS, 97.3% (71 of 73) of the patients initially defined as having this disorder and 91.8% (45 of 49) of the control patients with CTD without SS were correctly classified. Conclusion-This prospective study confirmed the high validity and reliability of the classification criteria for SS recently proposed by the European Community Study Group.

Published
1996

23. Preliminary criteria for the classification of Sjögren syndrome

Author

Vitali, C, Bombardieri, Stefano, Moutsopoulos, Hm, Balestrieri, G, Bencivelli, Valter, Bernstein, Rm, Bjerrum, Kb, Braga, S, Coll, J, de Vita, S, Drosos, Aa, Ehrenfeld, M, Hatron, Py, Hay, Em, Isenberg, Da, Janin, A, Kalden, Jr, Kater, L, Konttinen, Yt, Maddison, Pj, Maini, Rn, Manthorpe, R, Meyer, O, Ostuni, P, Pennec, Y, Prause, Ju, Richards, A, Sauvezie, B, Schiødt, M, Sciuto, M, Scully, C, Shoenfeld, Y, Skopouli, Fn, Smolen, Js, Snaith, Ml, Tishler, M, Todesco, S, Valesini, G, Venables, Pjv, Wattiaux, Mj, and Youinou, P.

Published
1993

25. Critical peripheral ischemia precipitated by severe episode of Raynaud’s phenomenon in a patient with aPL-positive systemic lupus erythematosus, upon high titer anti-RNP seroconversion.

Author

Levy, O, Maslakov, I, Vosco, S, Markov, A, Amit-Vazina, M, and Tishler, M

Subjects
LUPUS erythematosus treatment, ISCHEMIA treatment, RAYNAUD'S disease, ANTICARDIOLIPIN antibodies, HORMONE therapy, ADRENOCORTICAL hormones, ILOPROST, SILDENAFIL, NIFEDIPINE, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

A 35-year-old female with long standing aPL-positive lupus without history of thromboembolic events, who has developed critical peripheral ischemia (CPI) is described. An episode of severe Raynaud's phenomenon rapidly progressed to an extensive digit-threatening ischemia, involving bilateral hands and feet. She was successfully treated with corticosteroids, anticoagulation, iloprost, sildenafil, and nifedipine. Her serological studies were remarkable for the emergence of high titer anti-RNP seroconversion and an increase in aPL titer, suggesting that these autoantibodies played a role in the pathogenesis of CPI. It is important to note that such observation should herald this potentially devastating complication of systemic lupus erythematosus. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2015
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27. Pure red cell aplasia caused by D-penicillamine treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Author

Tishler, M., Kahn, Y., and Yaron, M.

Subjects
Penicillamine -- Adverse and side effects, Pure red cell aplasia -- Causes of, Rheumatoid arthritis -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

The use of D-penicillamine for treating rheumatoid arthritis has been associated with the development of blood and bone marrow disorders. In fact, the incidence of complications resulting from treatment with this drug has been reported to be as high as 60 percent. Other agents used for treating arthritis, such as the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, gold salts or azathioprine, have been implicated in causing red cell aplasia, in which red blood cell production totally ceases. This article describes the case report of a 40-year-old woman who developed red cell aplasia while she was being treated with D-penicillamine for rheumatoid arthritis. She had a two-year history of rheumatoid arthritis and had been treated with a variety of different nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. She began treatment with D-penicillamine at a dose of 250 milligrams/day. After therapy was initiated, blood tests showed that her red and white blood cell counts were normal, and her arthritis began to improve. Almost one year later, her arthritis suddenly became worse and the dose of D-penicillamine was increased to 500 milligrams/day. This improved her symptoms associated with the arthritis, but it greatly reduced the number of red blood cells. A bone marrow sample revealed that the specific type of cells that mature to become red blood cells were not present. She was diagnosed as having red cell aplasia caused by D-penicillamine. Treatment with D-penicillamine was stopped and treatment with prednisone was begun. After three months of the new treatment, red blood cell production was restored and the woman made a full recovery from the red cell aplasia. It is recommended that patients being treated with D-penicillamine have routine blood tests to monitor red blood cell production. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1991

31. RHEUMATOLOGY IN ISRAEL

Author

EHRENFELD, M., primary, BUSKILA, D., additional, TISHLER, M., additional, LORBER, M., additional, and SHOENFELD, Y., additional

Published
1996
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36. Allergic disorders in primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Author

Tishler, Moshe, Paran, Dafna, Yaron, Michael, Tishler, M, Paran, D, and Yaron, M

Subjects
SJOGREN'S syndrome, ALLERGIES, RESPIRATORY allergy, CONTACT dermatitis, RHEUMATOID arthritis, DISEASE prevalence, OSTEOARTHRITIS, DRUG allergy, LONGITUDINAL method, FOOD allergy, DISEASE complications
Abstract

Allergic disorders have been described in a variety of connective tissue disorders. Although an association between allergy and primary Sjögren's syndrome has been suggested, it has not been well documented. The purpose of this study was to analyze the prevalence of several types of allergic disorders in a cohort of primary Sjögren's syndrome patients. The presence of an allergic disorder was evaluated by a specific questionnaire in 65 randomly selected primary Sjögren's syndrome patients and was compared to control groups of 67 rheumatoid arthritis patients, 53 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and sicca symptoms, and 31 patients with osteoarthritis. At least one type of allergic manifestation was reported by 42 of the 65 Sjögren's syndrome patients (65%). This rate was significantly higher than each of the three control groups (p < 0.01). Only drug allergy and skin contact allergy were found to be more prevalent in Sjögren's syndrome patients than in the control groups (p< 0.05). Allergic reactions were more common in Sjögren's syndrome patients who were anti-Ro positive (p < 0.05). As drug and skin contact allergies are a frequent finding in Sjögren's syndrome patients, obtaining a careful history is needed before prescribing drugs in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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37. Methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study in Israeli patients with immunogenetic correlations.

Author

Tishler, M, Caspi, D, Rosenbach, T O, Fishel, B, Wigler, I, Segal, R, Gazit, E, and Yaron, M

Subjects
LONGITUDINAL method, METHOTREXATE, RHEUMATOID arthritis, HLA-B27 antigen
Abstract

In a prospective open study 44 Israeli patients with rheumatoid arthritis were treated with weekly low dose methotrexate (MTX) for up to 36 months. Nine patients withdrew from the study: six because of side effects and three due to inefficacy. One patient died of septicaemia following septic arthritis. Significant improvement, graded by Ritchie articular index, grip strength, physician's global assessment, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and platelet counts, was noticed in response to treatment. Seronegative patients had a better clinical response. Transient gastrointestinal symptoms were common and correlated with increases of serum aspartate transaminase (AST). HLA-DR1 and DR7 were significantly associated with increased serum AST concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1988
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41. Association between gold induced skin rash and remission in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Author

Caspi, D, Tishler, M, and Yaron, M

Subjects
ANTIRHEUMATIC agents, DRUG eruptions, GOLD, RHEUMATOID arthritis, DISEASE remission, RETROSPECTIVE studies
Abstract

The coincidence of skin eruption and remission induced by gold has not previously been reported. In 50 out of 247 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with gold salts (Solganal) between 1977 and 1987 treatment was stopped owing to adverse reactions. Skin rashes were present in 31 patients, 10 had nephropathy, and nine patients had aphthous stomatitis. All 31 patients who developed skin eruption entered a concomitant clinical and laboratory remission. The remission satisfied the American Rheumatism Association preliminary criteria and was accompanied by a significant decrease of mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate from 43 (SD 13) to 25 (11) mm/h. Disease was exacerbated in 23 patients after three to 60 months. Eight patients are in remission at present, five to 68 months after gold treatment was discontinued. In contrast, no remission was noticed among the 19 patients with nephropathy or stomatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1989
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42. Association of HLA-B35 with mucocutaneous lesions in Israeli patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving gold treatment.

Author

Tishler, M, Caspi, D, Gazit, E, and Yaron, M

Abstract

Seventy-four Israeli patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were studied for possible association between HLA antigens and adverse reactions to gold treatment (aurothioglucose). HLA-B35 was significantly increased in patients who developed gold induced mucocutaneous lesions. These results are in accord with earlier reports, despite the different genetic background of the Israeli RA population and the different type of gold compound used. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1988
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43. Clinical and immunological characteristics of elderly onset Sjögren's syndrome: a comparison with younger onset disease.

Author

Tishler, M, Yaron, I, Shirazi, I, and Yaron, M

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) with an elderly onset to those with a younger onset. METHODS: The study group comprised 85 consecutive patients (79 women and 6 men) attending the Sjögren's clinic. Primary SS was diagnosed according to the San Diego criteria. Elderly onset disease (EOD) was determined as the appearance of symptoms suggestive of SS after age 65. Clinical and laboratory variables for EOD were compared to those of a younger onset disease (YOD). Salivary and serum samples of all patients were examined for concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and hyaluronic acid (HA). RESULTS: Seventeen patients with SS (20%) matched the definition of EOD and their median disease onset was 71 years (range 65-80). No significant differences were noted in the clinical disease manifestations between the 2 groups of patients. Rheumatoid factor and anti-Ro(SSA) antibodies were more common in the YOD group (p = 0.012 and p = 0.023, respectively). Significant elevations of salivary IL-6 and HA levels were detected in the YOD group compared to the EOD group with SS (17.3 +/- 3.6 vs 8.8 +/- 2.1 pg/ml and 230.2 +/- 41.1 vs 128.8 +/- 33.3 ng/ml, respectively) (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: EOD SS has somewhat milder clinical symptoms with fewer immunological manifestations than YOD. The elevations of salivary IL-6 and HA in the younger group of SS patients support in part the differences in the inflammatory process between the 2 groups.

Published
2001

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