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[ES] La asignatura Transductores e Instrumentación Acústica, del Grado en Ingeniería de Sistemas de Telecomunicación, Sonido e Imagen, de la Escuela Politécnica Superior de Gandia, es punto de control de la Competencia Transversal “Aprendizaje Permanente” desde hace cinco años. En este trabajo se muestra cómo se ha puesto en marcha utilizando trabajos técnicos, las decisiones tomadas y su enfoque, los materiales desarrollados y su evolución, los resultados obtenidos y conclusiones. Se presenta un análisis DAFO final sobre la adquisición de esta competencia., [EN] The subject Transducers and Acoustic Instrumentation, of the Degree in Engineering of Systems of Telecommunication, Sound and Image, of the Escola Politècnica Superior de Gandia, is checkpoint of the Transversal Competence “Permanent Learning” from five years ago. This paper shows how it has been the set up using technical projects, the decisions we have taken and approach, the materials developed and their evolution, the results obtained and conclusions. It is also presented a SWOT analysis about the acquisition of this competence.

[EN] This paper reports the preparation and characterization of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPN) of poly(3-hydroxybutirate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), PHBV, and poly (vinyl alcohol), PVA, with conductive polypirrole (PPy) nanoparticles. Stable hybrid semi-IPN (PHBV/PVA 30/70 ratio) hydrogels were produced by solvent casting, dissolving each polymer in chloroform and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone respectively, and subsequent glutaraldehyde crosslinking of the PVA chains. The microstructure and physical properties of this novel polymeric system were analysed, including thermal behaviour and degradation, water sorption, wettability and electrical conductivity. The conductivity of these advanced networks rose significantly at higher PPy nanoparticles content. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and calorimetry characterization indicated good miscibility and compatibility between all the constituents, with no phase separation and strong interactions between phases. A single glass transition was observed between those of pure PHBV and PVA, although PVA was dominant in its contribution to the glass transition process. Incorporating PPy nanoparticles significantly reduced the hydrogel swelling, even at low concentrations, indicating molecular interactions between the PPy nanoparticles and the hydrogel matrix. The PHBV/PVA semi-IPN showed higher thermal stability than the neat polymers and PHBV/PVA blend, which also remained in the tertiary systems.

[EN] The electroactive characteristics of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) are widely and increasingly being used in technological applications, where controlling the crystallization of the PVDF is of utmost importance. The nucleation and growth of crystals in the beta or. electroactive phases, or in the nonelectroactive a phase, depends on a number of factors that, despite the studies carried out, are still to be properly understood, in particular, when blended with specific active fillers. In this context, the crystallization of PVDF blended with the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Emim][PF6]) has been analyzed. Both components are capable of crystallizing from the melt. The growth of the crystalline phases of PVDF during isothermal crystallization at different temperatures has been monitored using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The isothermal crystallization kinetics of PVDF and the melting temperatures of both PVDF and IL were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, and the microstructures of the blends were analyzed by optical and electron microscopy. It is observed for [Emim][PF6]/PVDF blends that the isothermal crystallization from the melt between 120 and 162 degrees C produces PVDF crystallites in the beta and. electroactive phases, while the formation of a-phase crystals is nearly suppressed. The morphology of the blends is altered by the addition of IL, which results in the separation of solid phases at room temperature. In addition, [Emim][PF6] remains liquid when mixed with the amorphous PVDF chains due to the cryoscopic descent.

[EN] The crystallization kinetics of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) in blends with the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [Emim][Cl] has been studied as a function of [Emim][Cl] content up to 40 wt %. Blends were produced by a solvent casting technique from diluted solutions and solvent evaporation at a temperature higher than the melting point of PVDF followed by cooling to room temperature. Polymer phase, morphology, and crystallization behavior were evaluated. When the molten blend was crystallized from the melt, it was observed that [Emim][Cl] induces nucleation of PVDF in the electroactive and highly polar beta-crystalline phase, while pure PVDF crystallizes in the a phase with the same thermal treatments. It is shown that PVDF crystal growth segregates an amorphous phase rich in IL molecules to the surface of the films and that the IL also remains in the spaces between the lamellae or between spherulites as demonstrated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and polarizing optical microscope (POM) images. Differential scanning calorimetry results of isothermal crystallization show the dependence of equilibrium melting temperature and the Avrami exponent with the [Emim][Cl] content.

[ES] En este trabajo se realiza el estudio de un recuperador de calor, de pequeño formato, para su integración en ventanas. El trabajo se realiza en una empresa fabricante de ventanas en Cocentaina, donde se realiza la caracterización energética del sistema y su optimización. De esta manera se espera ofrecer el sistema como complemento o alternativa a los sistemas de calefacción actuales, cuya contribución a la contaminación ambiental y emisiones de CO₂son de gran importancia. Los resultados permiten caracterizar el sistema., [EN] In this project the study of a small format heat recovery system for windows is carried out in a company that manufactures windows in Concentaina, including the energetic characterization of the system and its optimization. In this way it is expected to offer the system as a complement or alternative to the current heatingand air conditioning systems, whose contribution to environmental pollution and CO₂ emissions are very important. The results obtained allow the system characterization.

[EN] A model for the heterogeneity of local dynamics in polymer and other glass-forming materials is provided here. The fundamental characteristics of the glass transition phenomenology emerge when simulating a condensed matter open cluster that has a strong interaction with its heterogeneous environment. General glass transition features, such as non-exponential structural relaxations, the slowing down of relaxation times with temperature and specific off-equilibrium glassy dynamics can be reproduced by non-Markovian dynamics simulations with the minimum computer resources. Non-Markovian models are shown to be useful tools for obtaining insights into the complex dynamics involved in the glass transition phenomenon, including whether or not there is a need for a growing correlation length or the relationship between the non-exponentiality of structural relaxations and dynamic heterogeneity.

[EN] Bio-nanocomposite hydrogels based on sodium alginate (SA) as polymer matrix and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets with zinc as crosslinking agent were synthesized with the aim of incorporating the intrinsic properties of their constituents (bioactivity and antimicrobial activity). Thus, stable and highly interconnected networks were obtained from GO nanosheets dispersed in SA matrices through interactions with low amounts of zinc. The GO nanosheets were successfully incorporated into the alginate matrix in the form of a complex nano-network involving different interactions: Bonds between alginate chains induced by Zn ions (egg box structure), interactions between GO nanosheets through Zn ions and hydrogen bonds between alginate chains, and GO nanosheets. The molecular interactions and morphology were confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The composite's structural organization showed enhanced thermal stability. The glass transition temperature shifted to a higher temperature due to the reduced mobility induced by additional crosslinking bonds after incorporating the GO nanosheets and Zn into the polymer matrix. Finally, the dielectric behavior revealed that charge carrier mobility was hampered by the compact structure of the nanonetwork, which reduced conductivity. The combined properties of these nanocomposite hydrogels make them attractive biomaterials in the field of regenerative medicine and wound care since both surface bioactivity and antibacterial behavior are two critical factors involved in the success of a biomaterial.

[ES] La temática del siguiente trabajo gira alrededor de la arquitectura bioclimática. El objetivo se centra en el estudio de dos sistemas, el muro Trombe y el muro EcoCooler. Ambos destinados a conseguir el bienestar y confort higrotérmico en las viviendas aprovechando las condiciones ambientales y minimizando el consumo energético. Se han desarrollado ensayos para cuantificar y poder llegar a una conclusión de la eficacia de estos sistemas. Los experimentos desarrollados se han realizado tanto en laboratorio, en condiciones controladas, como en el exterior. Los resultados obtenidos permiten mejorar la comprensión del desarrollo de estos sistemas., [EN] This project is about bioclimatic architecture. The objective is the study of two systems, the Trombe wall and the EcoCooler wall. Both systems have been designed to achieve the hygrothermal comfort in homes taking advantage of environmental conditions and reducing the energy consumption. Models have been developed to quantify and be able to reach a conclusion about the effectiveness of these systems. The experiments developed have been carried out both in the laboratory, under controlled conditions, and outside. The results obtained allow for an improved understanding of their development.

[CA] El ritme de creixement del consum energètic a la nostra societat no és sostenible, les reserves de combustibles fòssils són limitades i a més a més la seua combustió és en bona part responsable del canvi climàtic i de la contaminació atmosfèrica en moltes ciutats. És doncs necessari el canvi a un nou sistema energètic basat en l’eficiència i les fonts renovables. En aquest treball es planteja l’estudi del subministrament energètic de l’habitatge mitjançant el cultiu de la Paulònia, amb bones propietats per l’aprofitament energètic, estudiant el ritme de creixement òptim de la Paulònia en dos tipus de sòls, i així presentar una estimació de la viabilitat energètica dels cultius proposats. També es planteja una anàlisi edafològic dels camps d’estudi on realitzar el cultiu de l’espècie d’estudi, analitzant les propietats del sòl, com són el pH, la conductivitat elèctrica, el contingut en matèria orgànica i de carbonats, la textura i el color del sòl així com la capacitat d’intercanvi catiònic i les bases de canvi. Es mostra també una discussió dels resultats obtinguts, sent aquests favorables per a dur a terme aquesta proposta de cultiu., [EN] The growth of the energy consumption in our society is not sustainable, fossil fuel reserves are limited and its combustion is largely responsible for the climatic change and the atmospheric pollution in many cities. Then it is necessary the change to a new energetic system based on the efficiency and renewable energy. This work involves the study of the energetic supply of the house by means of the crop of Paulownia, with good properties for its energy use, studying the optimum growth rhythm of Paulownia in two types of soils. An estimate of the feasibility of the proposed crop is presented, along with a soil analysis of the involved fields where the crop is planned, analysing soil properties such as pH, electric conductivity, organic contents and carbonates, texture and colour, as well as the cation exchange capacity and change bases. A discussion of the results obtained is also shown, being favourable to carry out this crop proposal.

Está ampliamente admitido que es necesario un cambio a otro modelo energético basado en energías renovables, que incluye medidas de ahorro y el incremento de la eficiencia energética. Por otro lado, todos los sectores de la economía en una sociedad moderna dependen de un consumo energético que crece con ella. Para mantener un sector turístico importante para la economía mediterránea es conveniente la optimización y reducción del consumo energético en los establecimientos hosteleros. En este trabajo se plantea el estudio del posible ahorro energético, económico y la reducción de emisiones asociadas, en las instalaciones de un bar restaurante en Maçanet de la Selva. El trabajo incluye la elaboración de un sistema de gestión energética, proponiendo alternativas de ahorro y mejora de la eficiencia energética, así como el uso de renovables y la autoproducción. Para la evaluación de las propuestas se utilizan indicadores energéticos, económicos y medioambientales., It is generally accepted that the transition to a new energetic system based in the renewable energies is urgently needed, including the role of savings and efficiency improvements. On the other hand, the economy behavior is strongly tied to the energy consumption at all economic sectors. In order to maintain the tourist sector, important for mediterranean economy, it is very convenient to optimize and reduce the energy consumption at the touristic establishments. This project evaluates the possibilities for energy savings, improvement of the efficiency and local and renewable energy production systems for a restaurant at Maçanet de la Selva. The evaluation includes energetic, economical and environmental indicators.

Cada año se aplica el horario de verano con el objetivo de lograr una eficiencia energética, pero como muestran diversos documentos y escritos, el objetivo de reducir el consumo eléctrico a menudo se cuestiona y las evidencias son escasas. En este trabajo se han estudiado las variaciones producidas en el consumo de energía derivadas del cambio horario español. Para ello se ha trabajado sobre una selección de datos correspondientes a un periodo de once años (2007-2017) de la demanda eléctrica, en torno a los cambios de hora para cada año. Se realizaron promedios diarios y semanales para observar cambios significativos, sin encontrar una variación clara ni una tendencia decreciente de la demanda durante el horario de verano. Una estimación del ahorro de energía encontró una reducción del 0,7%. Se eliminó el ruido producido por los días festivos y se aplicó el test T de Student, obteniendo el cambio de marzo como único que produciría una variación apreciable en las demandas eléctricas. Por último se estudiaron las variaciones en los perfiles para los días laborables, resultando que el cambio horario no refleja una variación o ahorro energético significativo, pero sí un cambio la demanda a lo largo del día., Every year the daylight saving time is applied in order to improve energy efficiency, but as literature shows, the goal of reducing electricity consumption is often questioned and evidences are scarce. Here the variations produced by the Spanish time change on energy consumption have been studied. To this end, we have worked on a selection of data corresponding to a period of eleven years (2007-2011) of electrical demand around the time changes for each year. Daily and weekly averages were carried out in order to observe significant changes, not finding a clear variation or a decreasing tendency of the demand during the daylight saving time. An estimate of the energy savings found a reduction of 0.7%. The interference caused by the holidays was eliminated and a Student's T test was applied, finding the March change as the only one that would produce an appreciable change in the electrical demand. Finally, the variations in the profiles for working days were studied, resulting that the hourly change does not reflect a significant change or energy saving, but it does produce a change in the moments of demand throughout the day.

[EN] Dynamics of multilayer adsorption of macromolecules with different degree of polymerization is studied by coarse¿grained Monte Carlo simulations, focusing on both the interface macromolecule¿surface and chain¿chain interaction in and out of equilibrium conditions. The interfacial interaction between the solid flat surface and the macromolecules is modeled by means of a Lennard¿Jones potential, and inter¿ and intrachain interactions are simulated using bond angle, bond length, and Lennard¿Jones potentials. The results show that local and conformational motions near the glass transition temperature promote configurations with minimal energy, which induce better space efficiency and favor aligned conformations at the interface. In this context, it is also found that restriction of movement, together with the connectivity effect exerted by the partially adsorbed segments, leads to a range of chain lengths that maximizes the molecular groups adsorbed.

[EN] The heterogeneity of local dynamics in disordered systems is behind some key features of glass transition. In order to improve our understanding of the molecular dynamics in disordered systems in the vicinity of the glass transition, different parameters have been proposed to quantitatively describe dynamical heterogeneity. In the case of polymers, free volume models relate the macromolecular mobility to the free or accessible volume. The relationship between dynamic heterogeneity and fluctuations of accessible volume seems straightforward. In the present work, the heterogeneity of local dynamics in polymeric systems is analyzed by computer simulation with the bond fluctuation model. The value of the accessible volume around each polymer chain is evaluated from a snapshot or static structure at each system state, resulting in a distribution of accessible volume that reflects system heterogeneity. The relationship between the average value and the standard deviation of free volume distributions at different temperatures fits amaster curve for different systems, regardless of the specific inter- and intramolecular interaction potentials that define each material. The dynamic slowdown around the glass transition is accompanied by a clear evolution of the mean value and shape of the accessible free volume distribution. The relative fluctuation of the dynamically accessible volume has been used as a parameter to quantitatively describe heterogeneity. The fluctuation varies with temperature with remarkable differences between the liquid and glassy states of the systems studied, presenting a peak at the glass transition temperature, which can be interpreted as a reflection of the distribution of local glass transition temperatures.

El creciente consumo de energía eléctrica está fuertemente ligado al desarrollo económico del país. Pero dicho crecimiento tiene también consecuencias importantes sobre el medio ambiente e incluso para la economía y el bienestar social de la población. Existen múltiples tecnologías de generación de energía eléctrica actualmente en funcionamiento en nuestro país. En este trabajo se realiza una evaluación de las principales tecnologías de producción y sus impactos ambientales. Tras la revisión de los métodos de evaluación existentes, se han seleccionado una serie indicadores y se han estimado sus valores desde diversas fuentes. Los resultados de la comparación confirman de una manera razonada la necesidad de una transición energética a otro modelo basado en las tecnologías renovables., The increasing consumption of electricity is strongly tied to the economic development of every country. But this growth has also important consequences on the environment and even on the economy and the social welfare of the population. Nowadays many different technologies of electricity generation are in operation in our country. This study presents an evaluation of the main technologies of production and their environmental impacts. After the review of the existent methods of evaluation, a series of indicators have been selected and their values have been estimated from diverse sources. The results of the comparison in a reasoned way confirm the need of an energetic transition to another model based on the renewable technologies.

El objetivo de este proyecto consiste en implementar un sistema autónomo basado en Arduino para monitorizar ciertos parámetros termodinámicos, como son la temperatura, la humedad y la radiación solar, para posteriormente analizar los resultados obtenidos en diferentes situaciones. El funcionamiento de este sistema se comprueba tanto en condiciones de laboratorio como mediante medidas in situ de elementos constructivos y de espacios habitables. Algunos de los experimentos realizados se contrastan con simulaciones numéricas que permitirán entender el sistema implementado en su conjunto., The objective of this project is to implement an autonomous system based on Arduino to monitor certain thermodynamic parameters, such as temperature, humidity, and solar radiation, and then analyze the results obtained in different situations. The operation of this system is tested both in laboratory conditions and by on-site measurements of construction elements and living spaces. Some of the experiments carried out are contrasted with numerical simulations that will allow us to understand the system implemented.

[EN] We present the steps carried out within a PIME entitled "Active methodologies in basic subjects. A catalogue of experimental Physics demonstrations designed as teaching resources for the degree motivation" that started in 2016 and will continue until 2019. This project aims at designing a catalogue of simple experimental Physics demonstrations made with readily available low cost materials. These resources are intended to be used in theory classes and problems to demonstrate physical phenomena and their relationship to the theoretical models, thus favouring the understanding of phenomena. During this second phase of the project, the catalog of experimental demonstrations designed by the teachers has continued to be expanded. But in addition, two activities have been carried out in which is prioritized the direct experimentation with the concepts and the most practical elements by the students, so that the students take greater role being promoted in this way the studentcentered learning, the active methodologies and the small project–based learning., [ES] Presentamos los pasos realizados dentro de una PIME denominado "Metodologías activas en asignaturas básicas. Un catálogo de demostraciones experimentales de física diseñado como recursos didácticos para la motivación del grado" que arranca en el 2016 y continuará hasta 2019. En este proyecto se está elaborando un catálogo de demostraciones experimentales sencillas hechas con materiales fácilmente disponibles y de bajo coste. Estos recursos están destinados a ser utilizados en las clases de teoría y problemas para demostrar los fenómenos físicos y su relación con los modelos teóricos, favoreciendo así la comprensión de los mismos. Durante la segunda fase del proyecto se ha continuado ampliando el catálogo de demostraciones experimentales diseñadas por los profesores. Pero además se han realizado dos actividades en las que la experimentación directa con los conceptos y los elementos más prácticos por parte del alumnado se prioriza, de modo que el alumno toma más protagonismo, promoviéndose de este modo el aprendizaje más centrado en el estudiante, las metodologías activas y el aprendizaje basado en pequeños proyectos.

Energy consumption is one of the most relevant magnitudes in our society. The supply of fossil fuels will greatly diminish in the coming decades, and its combustion is the main cause of climate change and air pollution in cities, causing increasing environmental and public health problems. Therefore it is necessary a change to a new energy system based on renewable energies, savings and increased energy efficiency. On the other hand, the management of livestock waste includes distinct types of valorisation, as the energetic one by biomethanisation processes. This document shows the study of possible energy savings, waste management and use of renewable energy on a livestock facility in Santiago de Compostela. Also includes evaluating different solutions to manage and reduce waste, the renewable energy production, energy savings and improving energy efficiency. Energy, economic and environmental indicators are used to evaluate the results., El consumo energético es una de las variables cada día más importante para realizar todo tipo de actividades en nuestra sociedad. El suministro de combustibles fósiles disminuirá en gran medida en las próximas décadas, y su combustión es la principal causa del cambio climático y de la polución atmosférica en las ciudades, causando crecientes problemas medioambientales y de salud pública. Es pues necesario un cambio a otro modelo energético basado en energías renovables, que necesaria y previamente pasa por el ahorro e incremento de la eficiencia energética. Por otro lado, en la gestión de los residuos ganaderos se plantean distintos tipos de valorización, incluida la energética por procesos de biometanización. En este trabajo se plantea el estudio del posible ahorro energético, de gestión de residuos y uso de renovables en una instalación ganadera en Santiago de Compostela. El trabajo consiste en la evaluación de distintas soluciones para gestionar y reducir los residuos, producir energía renovable y proponer alternativas de ahorro y mejora de la eficiencia energética. Se utilizan para ello indicadores energéticos, económicos y medioambientales.

[EN] In November 2016, the GIERMAC team (Grup d’Innovación Educativa i Recerca en Matèries Científiques) received a PIME-UPV project. This project was entitled “Startup of several experiences with the Flip Teaching approach in Physics and Mathematics subjects” and it is a continuation of a previous project entitled “Study on the application of Flipped Teaching in Mathematics and Physics subjects”. This paper presents the application of Flip Teaching during two academic years in the subject of Physics of the Bachelor's Degree in Engineering of Telecommunications Systems, Sound and Image (GISTSI). Experience focuses on thermodynamics items. Students present in volunteer way and are compensated with additional points for strive., [ES] Al “Grup d’Innovación Educativa i Recerca en Matèries Científiques (GIERMAC)”, se le concedió en noviembre de 2016 el proyecto PIME-UPV, “Puesta en marcha de diversas experiencias con el enfoche Flip Teaching en asignaturas de Física y matemáticas”, continuación de otro proyecto anterior titulado“Estudio sobre la aplicación del Flip Teaching en asignaturas de Matemáticas y Física”. En el trabajo se presenta la aplicación del Flip Teaching en dos cursos académicos en la asignatura de Física del Grado en Ingeniería de Sistemas de Telecomunicación, Sonido e Imagen (GISTSI). La experiencia se centra en temas de termodinámica a la que los alumnos se presentan de forma voluntaria y son compensados con puntos adicionales por el esfuerzo.

El consumo energético es una de las variables cada día más importante a todos los niveles en nuestra sociedad. El suministro de combustibles fósiles disminuirá en gran medida en las próximas décadas, y su combustión es la principal causa del cambio climático y de la polución atmosférica en las ciudades, causando crecientes problemas medioambientales y de salud pública. Es pues necesario un cambio a otro modelo energético basado en energías renovables, que necesaria y previamente pasa por el ahorro e incremento de la eficiencia energética. En este trabajo se plantea el estudio del posible ahorro energético, aumento de la eficiencia y uso de renovables en una empresa de servicios del sector metalmecánico ubicada en Valencia. El trabajo consiste en la aplicación de diversos métodos para evaluar el consumo energético, analizar su uso y proponer alternativas de ahorro y mejora de la eficiencia energética, así como producción y consumo de energía renovable., Energy consumption is one of the variables becoming more relevant at all levels among our society. Fossil fuels will not last more than few decades and their combustion is mainly responsible of climate change and atmospheric pollution in cities, causing increasingly important environmental and public health problems. Therefore it is necessary a change to a new energetic system, based on renewable energies, and which necessarily will lie on saving and increasing energy efficiency. In this paper the energy saving, efficiency increasing and use of renewable energies possibilities are discussed for a company of metalworking sector located in Valencia. Different methodologies have been applied to study the energy consumption of the company and to propose alternatives. Energy consumption of individual facilities have been measured or estimated. The analysis of the energy consumption allowed development of a proposal of savings plan, with different active and passive systems to improve energy efficiency and also get economical savings

[EN] The UPV promotes the application of new teaching methods, such as the Flipped Teaching or Flipped Classrom, which consists, broadly speaking, of doing at home what is supposed to be done in class (theoretical explanation) and doing in class what is commonly done at home (problem solving). This approach involves having more time during face-to-face classes for problem solving, practical work, teamwork and so on, thus favouring the application of active methodologies. GIERMAC (Grup d’Innovació Educativa i Recerca en Matèries Científiques) takes part in the UPV PIMEs 2015-2016 notification, with PIME A04- “Study on the application of Flipped Teaching in Mathematics and Physics subjects”. This paper summarizes the work done so far: planning and selection of contents, selection of resources and the making of Flip programming cards, detailing how the methodology is developed in the study of a specific topic., [ES] La UPV potencia la aplicación de nuevas metodologías docentes, como es el caso del Flipped Teaching o clase inversa, que consiste, a grandes rasgos, en hacer en casa lo que tradicionalmente se hace en el aula (la exposición teórica) y realizar en el aula lo que comúnmente se hace en casa (resolución de problemas). Este planteamiento supone disponer de más tiempo en las clases presenciales para la resolución de problemas, realización de prácticas, trabajo en equipo,… favoreciéndose la aplicación de metodologías activas. El Grup d’Innovació Educativa i Recerca en Matèries Científiques (GIERMAC) participa en la convocatoria PIMEs 2015-2016 de la UPV, con el PIME A04-“Estudio sobre la aplicación del Flip Teaching en asignaturas de Matemáticasy Física”. En este trabajo se resume la labor realizada hasta el momento: planificación y selección de contenidos, selección de recursos, y confección de una colección de fichas Flip que detallan la forma en que se desarrolla la metodología en el estudio de un tema concreto.

[EN] The “Group of Educational Innovation and Research in Scientific Fields (GIERMAC)” has been given the Project in Researching and Educational Improvement (PIME-UPV) project “Study on the application of the Flip Teaching in Mathematics and Physics subjects” in October 2015. The work here presented describes a first complete experience made with Physics students of the Engineering Degree in Telecommunication Systems, Sound and Image (GISTSI) during November and December 2015. The students in this experience present voluntary to this strategy and are compensated with additional points for the effort. The experience is focused in thermodynamics issues so it could be exported to subjects of other degrees that teach them., [ES] Al “Grup d’Innovación Educativa i Recerca en Matèries Científiques (GIERMAC)”, se le ha concedido en octubre de 2015 el proyecto PIME-UPV, “Estudio sobre la aplicación del Flip Teaching en asignaturas de Matemáticas y Física”. El trabajo que se presenta relata una primera experiencia completa realizada con los alumnos de Física del Grado en Ingeniería de Sistemas de Telecomunicación, Sonido e Imagen (GISTSI) durante los meses de noviembre y diciembre de 2015. En esta experiencia los alumnos se presentan de forma voluntaria a esta estrategia y son compensados con puntos adicionales por el esfuerzo. La experiencia está centrada en temas de termodinámica, por lo que será exportable a asignaturas de otras titulaciones que la impartan.

La sociedad actual es totalmente dependiente del suministro energético para todo tipo de actividades, desde nuestro consumo personal del día a día a los sistemas más básicos como la producción de alimentos o la gestión del agua. La finitud de los recursos naturales y el crecimiento exponencial de la población hacen que el consumo energético sea un factor a tener en cuenta a todos los niveles. En el presente trabajo se estudia el consumo energético, y se plantea una primera propuesta de autoproducción energética sostenible, en un campus universitario de la costa mediterránea: concretamente la Escola Politècnica Superior de Gandía, Today's modern societies are absolutely dependent on energy supply for all kind of activities, from our personal day to day to basic systems as food production or water management. The limited resources and the exponential population growth makes the energy consumption is a factor to take into account at all levels. In this work it is studied the energy consumption, and developed a first proposal on the sustainable energy production, at a campus on the Mediterranean coast: specifically the Escola Politècnica Superior de Gandía

[EN] This paper presents an implementation of the project based learning methods to Introductory Physics courses of the Telecommunication, Sound and Image Engineering Degree. This first project starts at the last lessons of the subject, devoted to magnetic field and electromagnetic induction. It has been organized in terms of practical projects that the students can choose voluntarily. Here we show how this active methodology was organized, from the context, aims, previous questions, procedures, planning, types of activities, working groups, until the evaluation and conclusions, [ES] Esta comunicación trata sobre la prueba de aplicación del aprendizaje basado en proyectos en la asignatura de Física del Grado en Ingeniería de Telecomunicación, Sonido e Imagen. Se realiza esta primera experiencia donde el último bloque temático dedicado al campo magnético y a la inducción magnética se articula en forma de proyectos que los alumnos eligen de forma voluntaria. En la comunicación se resumen cómo se ha articulo esta metodología activa, desde el contexto, objetivos, preguntas motrices, enunciado, planificación, tipos de actividades, interdependencia, valoración y conclusiones.

The bond fluctuation model has been used to simulate the adsorption process of a single long polymer chain on an adsorbing surface. Simulations start at high temperature with the chain in an equilibrium coil structure. The inter- and intra chain energy potential were selected in such a way that on cooling the polymer chain vitrifies without any indication of chain ordering or chain folding. The structure attained on cooling is analysed for arrange of values of the interaction potential between the surface and the polymer segments. Adsorption is measured by the fraction of polymer segments situated on the adsorbingwallwhilst crystalline ordering is characterized by the pair correlation function g(r), the bond order parameter P2(r) and the bond correlation functionM(j). Isothermal adsorption is followed as well as a function of temperature. The work shows that adsorbing surface nucleates crystalline order by suppressing one dimension in the segmental mobility of the polymer chain, along with factors as thermal treatment and inter and intra-potentials.

In our society, the energy consumption is one the variables that each day becomes more important at all levels: global, european, at business or household level. In this paper, several methods for performing an energy savings plan, improving the efficiency and power production of an existing home a rise. The application of an energy savings proposal for a home is a difficult task because each house lives and consumes energy in a different way. Different methodologies have been applied to study the energy consumption of the house and propose alternatives. Measuraments of the total power consumption and its air conditioning system have been made for nearly six months. Energy consumptions of individual facilities have been also estimated and calculated the energy efficiency rating of the house using energy certification programs. The analysis of the energy consumption, taking into account the different complementary methods, allowed to the development of a proposal or savings plan with various active and passive systems to improve energy efficiency and also to get economic savings., En nuestra sociedad, el consumo energético es una de las variables que adquiere mas importancia cada día a la hora de organizar nuestras instituciones a todas las escalas: global, a nivel europeo, empresarial o familiar. En este trabajo se plantean varios métodos para la realización de un plan de ahorro, mejora de la eficiencia y producción energética de una vivienda existente y en uso. La aplicación de una propuesta de ahorro energético para una vivienda es una ardua tarea porque cada vivienda vive y consume energía de una manera diferente. Se han aplicado distintas metodologías para estudiar el consumo energético de la vivienda y plantear alternativas. Se han realizado medidas del consumo eléctrico de la vivienda y de su instalación de climatización durante casi seis meses. También se han realizado estimaciones de los consumos energéticos de las instalaciones individuales y se ha calculado la calificación de la eficiencia energética de la vivienda haciendo uso de los programas de certificación energética. Del análisis de los consumos energéticos, y teniendo en cuenta los distintos métodos complementarios, se ha realizado una propuesta o plan de ahorro con varias medidas activas y pasivas para mejorar la eficiencia energética y también producir un ahorro económico.

The heterogeneity of local segmental dynamics in a polymer system is analyzed by computer simulation with the Bond Fluctuation Model. A different approach is proposed based on the concept of Dynamically Accessible Volume (DAV) due to the difficulties encountered in the characterization of this heterogeneity by means of the distribution of relaxation times. A DAV value is assigned to each polymer chain as the fraction of cells in its surroundings that could be occupied in one Monte Carlo Step. In this way it is possible to relate the mobility of a chain with the accessible volume around it, due to the relationship between DAV and diffusion coefficient. As temperature decreases in equilibrium the DAV distribution shifts towards lower values, its width decreases and the number of frozen molecules increases. The methodology proposed also provides a way of characterizing the evolution of segmental dynamics distribution in out of equilibrium states below glass transition temperatures.

The conformation of a single long polymer chain has been modelled using the Bond Fluctuation Model. The interaction between non-bonded segments has been introduced in the model by means of a Lennard-Jones potential while two energy potentials depending on bond length and bond angle took into account intramolecular interactions. The effect on chain configuration of varying bond angle potential, which tends to extend the polymer chain, was studied. The chain was allowed to equilibrate at high temperature, adopting a random coil conformation. When the system was subjected to a cooling ramp, its energy and dynamically accessible volume decreased but the system maintained the liquid conditions up to a temperature range in which the glass transition yielded a glassy coil with very restricted but not null segmental mobility. The remaining mobility in the glassy state, as well as its conformation, characterised through correlation functions, also depended significantly on the strength of bond angle potential. Further isothermal annealing yielded very compact structures, always amorphous with particular shapes depending on annealing temperature.

[EN] Adsorption phenomena are characterized by models that include free parameters trying to reproduce experimental results. In order to understand the relationship between the model parameters and the material properties, the adsorption of small molecules on a crystalline plane surface has been simulated using the bond fluctuation model. A direct comparison between the Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) model for multilayer adsorption and computer simulations allowed us to establish correlations between the adsorption model parameters and the simulated interaction potentials. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

[EN] The kinetics of structural relaxation was simulated using the bond fluctuation model. Annealing of the system in the glassy state produces a clearly nonexponential decrease in the energy in a certain temperature interval. At lower temperatures, the decrease in energy takes place by successive small steps, due to the change of the energy of individual polymer chains that modify their conformation into small neighbourhoods. This cooperativity is behind the nonexponential behaviour shown by structural relaxation at higher temperatures. A second order Markov chain is able to reproduce the nonexponentiality with quite good agreement with the bond fluctuation simulated curves. Cooperativity comes from the fact that the transition probability of a polymer chain between two energy levels depends on the history of previous transitions that took place in its neighbourhood.