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190 results on '"Trinh T.N.G."'

1. Properties of the Lunar Detection Mode for ZeV-Scale Particles with LOFAR

Author

Winchen T., Bonardi A., Buitink S., Corstanje A., Falcke H., Hare B. M., Hörandel A., Mitra P., Mulrey K., Nelles A., Rachen J.P., Rossetto L., Schellart P., Scholten O., ter Veen S., Thoudam S., and Trinh T.N.G.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The steep decrease of the flux of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) provides a challenge to answer the long standing question about their origin and nature. A significant increase in detector volume may be achieved byemploying Earth’s moon as a detector that is read out using existing Earth-bound radio telescopes by searching for the radio pulses emitted by the particle shower in the lunar rock. In this contribution we will report on the properties of a corresponding detection mode currently under development for the LOFAR Radio telescope.

Published
2019
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2. Updated Calibration of the LOFAR Low-Band Antennas

Author

Mulrey K., Bonardi A., Buitink S., Corstanje A., Falcke H., Hare B.M., Hörandel J., Mitra P., Nelles A., Rachen J.P., Rossetto L., Schellart P., Scholten O., ter Veen S., Thoudam S., Trinh T.N.G., and Winchen T

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) telescope measures radio emission from air showers. In order to interpret the data, an absolute, frequency dependent calibration is required. Due to a growing need for a better understanding of the measured frequency spectrum, we revisit the calibration of the LOFAR antennas in the range of 30—80 MHz. Using the galactic radio emission and a detailed model of the LOFAR signal chain, we find a calibration that provides an absolute energy scale and allows us to study frequency dependent features in measured air shower signals.

Published
2019
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3. A new parametrization for the radio emission of air showers applied to LOFAR data

Author

Plaisier I., Bonardi A., Buitink S., Corstanje A., Falcke H., Hare B.M., Hörandel J.R., de Jong S., Mitra P., Mulrey K., Nelles A., Rachen J., Rossetto L., Schellart P., Scholten O., ter Veen S., Thoudam S., Trinh T.N.G., and Winchen T.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The energy and mass composition of cosmic rays influence how the energy density of the radio emission of air showers is distributed on the ground. A precise description of the radio profiles can, therefore, be used to reconstruct the properties of the primary cosmic rays. Here, such a description is presented, using a separate treatment of the two radio-emission mechanisms, the geomagnetic effect and the charge excess effect. The model is parametrized as a function that depends only on the shower parameters, allowing for a precise reconstruction of the properties of the primary cosmic rays. This model is applied to cosmic-ray events measured with LOFAR and it is capable of reconstructing the properties of air showers correctly.

Published
2019
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4. The mass composition of cosmic rays measured with LOFAR

Author

Hörandel Jörg R., Bonardi A., Buitink S., Corstanje A., Falcke H., Mitra P., Mulrey K., Nelles A., Rachen J.P., Rossetto L., Schellart P., Scholten O., ter Veen S., Thoudam S., Trinh T.N.G., and Winchen T.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

High-energy cosmic rays, impinging on the atmosphere of the Earth initiate cascades of secondary particles, the extensive air showers. The electrons and positrons in the air shower emit electromagnetic radiation. This emission is detected with the LOFAR radio telescope in the frequency range from 30 to 240 MHz. The data are used to determine the properties of the incoming cosmic rays. The radio technique is now routinely used to measure the arrival direction, the energy, and the particle type (atomic mass) of cosmic rays in the energy range from 1017 to 1018 eV. This energy region is of particular astrophysical interest, since in this regime a transition from a Galactic to an extra-galactic origin of cosmic rays is expected. For illustration, the LOFAR results are used to set constraints on models to describe the origin of high-energy cosmic rays.

Published
2017
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5. Circular polarization of radio emission from air showers in thunderstorm conditions

Author

Trinh T.N.G., Scholten O., Bonardi A., Buitink S., Corstanje A., Ebert U., Enriquez J. E., Falcke H., Hörandel J.R., Mitra P., Mulrey K., Nelles A., Thoudam S., Rachen J.P., Rossetto L., Rutjes C., Schellart P., ter Veen S., and Winchen T.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We present measured radio emission from cosmic-ray-induced air showers under thunderstorm conditions. We observe for these events large differences in intensity, linear polarization and circular polarization from the events measured under fair-weather conditions. This can be explained by the effects of atmospheric electric fields in thunderclouds. Therefore, measuring the intensity and polarization of radio emission from cosmic ray extensive air showers during thunderstorm conditions provides a new tool to probe the atmospheric electric fields present in thunderclouds.

Published
2017
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6. Search for Cosmic Particles with the Moon and LOFAR

Author

Winchen T., Bonardi A., Buitink S., Corstanje A., Enriquez J. E., Falcke H., Hörandel J. R., Mitra P., Mulrey K., Nelles A., Rachen J. P., Rossetto L., Schellart P., Scholten O., Thoudam S., Trinh T.N.G., and ter Veen S.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The low flux of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) at the highest energies provides a challenge to answer the long standing question about their origin and nature. A significant increase in the number of detected UHECR is expected to be achieved by employing Earth’’s moon as detector, and search for short radio pulses that are emitted when a particle interacts in the lunar rock. Observation of these short pulses with current and future radio telescopes also allows to search for the even lower fluxes of neutrinos with energies above 1022 eV, that are predicted in certain Grand-Unifying-Theories (GUTs), and e.g. models for super-heavy dark matter (SHDM). In this contribution we present the initial design for such a search with the LOFAR radio telescope.

Published
2017
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11. The shape of the radio wavefront of extensive air showers as measured with LOFAR

Author

Corstanje, A., Schellart, P., Nelles, A., Buitink, S., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Frieswijk, W., Hörandel, J.R., Krause, M., Rachen, J.P., Scholten, O., ter Veen, S., Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., van den Akker, M., Alexov, A., Anderson, J., Avruch, I.M., Bell, M.E., Bentum, M.J., Bernardi, G., Best, P., Bonafede, A., Breitling, F., Broderick, J., Brüggen, M., Butcher, H.R., Ciardi, B., de Gasperin, F., de Geus, E., de Vos, M., Duscha, S., Eislöffel, J., Engels, D., Fallows, R.A., Ferrari, C., Garrett, M.A., Grießmeier, J., Gunst, A.W., Hamaker, J.P., Hoeft, M., Horneffer, A., Iacobelli, M., Juette, E., Karastergiou, A., Kohler, J., Kondratiev, V.I., Kuniyoshi, M., Kuper, G., Maat, P., Mann, G., McFadden, R., McKay-Bukowski, D., Mevius, M., Munk, H., Norden, M.J., Orru, E., Paas, H., Pandey-Pommier, M., Pandey, V.N., Pizzo, R., Polatidis, A.G., Reich, W., Röttgering, H., Scaife, A.M.M., Schwarz, D., Smirnov, O., Stewart, A., Steinmetz, M., Swinbank, J., Tagger, M., Tang, Y., Tasse, C., Toribio, C., Vermeulen, R., Vocks, C., van Weeren, R.J., Wijnholds, S.J., Wucknitz, O., Yatawatta, S., and Zarka, P.

Published
2015
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12. Determining atmospheric electric fields using MGMR3D

Author

Trinh, T.N.G., Scholten, O., Buitink, S., Vries, K.D. de, Mitra, P., Nguyen, T., Si, D.T., Trinh, T.N.G., Scholten, O., Buitink, S., Vries, K.D. de, Mitra, P., Nguyen, T., and Si, D.T.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 249196.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
2022

13. The NuMoon Experiment: Lunar Detection of Cosmic Rays and Neutrinos with LOFAR

Author

Krampah, Godwin Komla, primary, K. Krampah, Godwin, additional, Buitink, Stijn, additional, Corstanje, Arthur, additional, Falcke, Heino, additional, M. Hare, Brian, additional, R. Hörandel, Jörg, additional, Huege, Tim., additional, Mulrey, Kathrine, additional, Mitra, Pragati, additional, Nelles, Anna, additional, Pandya, Hershel, additional, P. Rachen, Jörg, additional, Scholten, Olaf, additional, ter~Veen, Sander, additional, Thoudam, Satyendra, additional, Trinh, T.N.G., additional, and Winchen, Tobias, additional

Published
2021
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14. A distinct negative leader propagation mode

Author

Scholten, O., Hare, B.M., Dwyer, J., Liu, N., Sterpka, C., Kolmasova, I., Santolik, O., Lan, R., Uhlir, L., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Huege, T., Horandel, J.R., Krampah, G.K., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Trinh, T.N.G., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Winchen, T., Scholten, O., Hare, B.M., Dwyer, J., Liu, N., Sterpka, C., Kolmasova, I., Santolik, O., Lan, R., Uhlir, L., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Huege, T., Horandel, J.R., Krampah, G.K., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Trinh, T.N.G., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., and Winchen, T.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 236349.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Published
2021

15. A Distinct Negative Leader Propagation Mode

Author

Scholten, O., primary, Hare, B. M., additional, Dwyer, J., additional, Liu, N., additional, Sterpka, C., additional, Kolmašová, I., additional, Santolík, O., additional, Lán, R., additional, Uhlíř, L., additional, Buitink, S., additional, Corstanje, A., additional, Falcke, H., additional, Huege, T., additional, Hörandel, J. R., additional, Krampah, G. K., additional, Mitra, P., additional, Mulrey, K., additional, Nelles, A., additional, Pandya, H., additional, Rachen, J.P., additional, Trinh, T.N.G., additional, Veen, S. ter, additional, Thoudam, S., additional, and Winchen, T., additional

Published
2021
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16. Radio emission from negative lightning leader steps reveals inner meter-scale structure

Author

Hare, B.M., Scholten, O. (Olaf), Dwyer, J.R. (Joseph), Ebert, U. (Ute), Nijdam, S. (Sander), Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Huege, T., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Krampah, G.K., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Neijzen, B., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Veen, S. (Sander) ter, Winchen, T., Hare, B.M., Scholten, O. (Olaf), Dwyer, J.R. (Joseph), Ebert, U. (Ute), Nijdam, S. (Sander), Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Huege, T., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Krampah, G.K., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Neijzen, B., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Veen, S. (Sander) ter, and Winchen, T.

Abstract

We use the Low Frequency ARray (LOFAR) to probe the dynamics of the stepping process of negatively-charged plasma channels (negative leaders) in a lightning discharge. We observe that at each step of a leader, multiple pulses of VHF (30~--~80 MHz) radiation are emitted in short-duration bursts (<10 μs). This is evidence for streamer formation during corona flashes that occur with each leader step, which has not been observed before in natural lightning and it could help explain X-ray emission from lightning leaders, as X-rays from laboratory leaders tend to be associated with corona flashes. Surprisingly we find that the stepping length is very similar to what was observed near the ground, however with a stepping time that is considerably larger, which as yet is not understood. These results will help to improve lightning propagation models, and eventually lightning protection models.

Published
2020

17. Radio emission reveals inner meter-scale structure of negative lightning leader steps

Author

Hare, B.M., Scholten, O. (Olaf), Dwyer, J.R. (Joseph), Ebert, U. (Ute), Nijdam, S. (Sander), Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Huege, T., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Krampah, G.K., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Neijzen, B., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Veen, S. (Sander) ter, Winchen, T., Hare, B.M., Scholten, O. (Olaf), Dwyer, J.R. (Joseph), Ebert, U. (Ute), Nijdam, S. (Sander), Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Huege, T., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Krampah, G.K., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Neijzen, B., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Veen, S. (Sander) ter, and Winchen, T.

Abstract

We use the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) to probe the dynamics of the stepping process of negatively charged plasma channels (negative leaders) in a lightning discharge. We observe that at each step of a leader, multiple pulses of vhf (30-80 MHz) radiation are emitted in short-duration bursts (<10 μs). This is evidence for streamer formation during corona flashes that occur with each leader step, which has not been observed before in natural lightning and it could help explain x-ray emission from lightning leaders, as x rays from laboratory leaders tend to be associated with corona flashes. Surprisingly, we find that the stepping length is very similar to what was observed near the ground, however with a stepping time that is considerably larger, which as yet is not understood. These results will help to improve lightning propagation models, and eventually lightning protection models.

Published
2020
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18. Determining Electric Fields in Thunderclouds With the Radiotelescope LOFAR

Author

Trinh, T.N.G., Scholten, O., Buitink, S., Ebert, U., Hare, B.M., Krehbiel, P.R., Bonardi, A., Falcke, H.D.E., Horandel, J.R., Rachen, J.P., Veen, S. ter, Rossetto, L., Winchen, T., Trinh, T.N.G., Scholten, O., Buitink, S., Ebert, U., Hare, B.M., Krehbiel, P.R., Bonardi, A., Falcke, H.D.E., Horandel, J.R., Rachen, J.P., Veen, S. ter, Rossetto, L., and Winchen, T.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 218966.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2020

19. On the cosmic-ray energy scale of the LOFAR radio telescope

Author

Mulrey, K., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H.D.E., Hare, B.M., Horandel, J.R., Rachen, J.P., Veen, S. ter, Trinh, T.N.G., Winchen, T., Mulrey, K., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H.D.E., Hare, B.M., Horandel, J.R., Rachen, J.P., Veen, S. ter, Trinh, T.N.G., and Winchen, T.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 227116.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access) Contains fulltext : 227116pre.pdf (Author’s version preprint ) (Open Access)

Published
2020

20. Determining electric fields in thunderclouds with the radiotelescope LOFAR

Author

Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Scholten, O. (Olaf), Buitink, S., Ebert, U. (Ute), Hare, B.M., Krehbiel, P.R., Leijnse, H., Bonardi, A., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Huege, T., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Krampah, G.K., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C. (Casper), Veen, S. (Sander) ter, Winchen, T., Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Scholten, O. (Olaf), Buitink, S., Ebert, U. (Ute), Hare, B.M., Krehbiel, P.R., Leijnse, H., Bonardi, A., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Huege, T., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Krampah, G.K., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C. (Casper), Veen, S. (Sander) ter, and Winchen, T.

Abstract

An analysis is presented of electric fields in thunderclouds using a recently proposed method based on measuring radio emission from extensive air shower events during thunderstorm conditions. This method can be regarded as a tomography of thunderclouds using cosmic rays as probes. The data cover the period from December 2011 till August 2014. We have developed an improved fitting procedure to be able to analyze the data. Our measurements show evidence for the main negative-charge layer near the −10° isotherm. This we have seen for a winter as well as for a summer cloud where multiple events pass through the same cloud and also the vertical component of the electric field could be reconstructed. On the day of measurement of some cosmic-ray events showing evidence for strong fields, no lightning activity was detected within 100 km distance. For the winter events, the top heights were between 5 and 6 km, while in the summer, typical top heights of 9 km were seen. Large horizontal components in excess of 70 kV/m of the electric fields are observed in the middle and top layers.

Published
2020
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21. On the cosmic-ray energy scale of the LOFAR radio telescope

Author

Mulrey, K., primary, Buitink, S., additional, Corstanje, A., additional, Falcke, H., additional, Hare, B.M., additional, Hörandel, J.R., additional, Huege, T., additional, Krampah, G.K., additional, Mitra, P., additional, Nelles, A., additional, Pandya, H., additional, Rachen, J.P., additional, Scholten, O., additional, Veen, S. ter, additional, Thoudam, S., additional, Trinh, T.N.G., additional, and Winchen, T., additional

Published
2020
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22. Status of the Lunar Detection Mode for Cosmic Particles of LOFAR

Author

Winchen, T., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Winchen, T., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., and Trinh, T.N.G.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 204328.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), Cosmic particles hitting Earth‘s moon produce radio emission via the Askaryan effect. If the resulting radio ns-pulse can be detected by radio telescopes, this technique potentially increases the available collective area for ZeV scale particles by several orders of magnitude compared to current experiments. The LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) is the largest radio telescope operating in the optimum frequency regime for this technique. In this contribution, we report on the status of the implementation of the lunar detection mode at LOFAR.

Published
2019

23. Needle-like structures discovered on positively charged lightning branches

Author

Hare, B.M., Scholten, O., Dwyer, J., Trinh, T.N.G., Buitink, S., Veen, S. ter, Bonardi, A., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H.D.E., Horandel, J.R., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Zarka, P., Zucca, P., Hare, B.M., Scholten, O., Dwyer, J., Trinh, T.N.G., Buitink, S., Veen, S. ter, Bonardi, A., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H.D.E., Horandel, J.R., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Zarka, P., and Zucca, P.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 203241.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2019

24. Extension of the LOFAR Radboud Air Shower Array

Author

Mulrey, K., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H.D.E., Hare, B.M., Horandel, J., Huege, T., Krampah, G., Mitra, P., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Trinh, T.N.G., Veberic, D., Winchen, T., Mulrey, K., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H.D.E., Hare, B.M., Horandel, J., Huege, T., Krampah, G., Mitra, P., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Trinh, T.N.G., Veberic, D., and Winchen, T.

Abstract

ICRC 2019: 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference, July 24th - August 1st, 2019 Madison, WI, U.S.A., Contains fulltext : 207538.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2019

25. Reconstructing air showers with LOFAR using event specific GDAS atmospheres

Author

Mitra, P., Bonardi, A., Corstanje, A., Buitink, S., Krampah, G.K., Falcke, H.D.E., Hare, B.M., Horandel, J., Huege, T., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Trinh, T.N.G., Winchen, T., Mitra, P., Bonardi, A., Corstanje, A., Buitink, S., Krampah, G.K., Falcke, H.D.E., Hare, B.M., Horandel, J., Huege, T., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Trinh, T.N.G., and Winchen, T.

Abstract

ICRC 2019: 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference, July 24th - August 1st, 2019 Madison, WI, U.S.A., Contains fulltext : 207555.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2019

26. Updated Calibration of the LOFAR Low-Band Antennas

Author

Mulrey, K., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J., Mitra, P., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Winchen, T., Mulrey, K., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J., Mitra, P., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., and Winchen, T.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 209253.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2019

27. The energy scale of cosmic rays detected with LOFAR

Author

Mulrey, K., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Horandel, J., Huege, T., Krampah, G., Mitra, P., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Trinh, T.N.G., Winchen, T., Mulrey, K., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Horandel, J., Huege, T., Krampah, G., Mitra, P., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Trinh, T.N.G., and Winchen, T.

Abstract

ICRC 2019: 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference, July 24th - August 1st, 2019 Madison, WI, U.S.A., Contains fulltext : 207563.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2019

28. Cosmic Ray Physics with the LOFAR Radio Telescope

Author

Winchen, T., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Winchen, T., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., and Trinh, T.N.G.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 204349.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2019

29. Properties of the Lunar Detection Mode for ZeV-Scale Particles with LOFAR

Author

Winchen, T., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Winchen, T., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., and Trinh, T.N.G.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 209231.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2019

30. A new parametrization for the radio emission of air showers applied to LOFAR data

Author

Plaisier, I., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J.R., Jong, Sijbrand de, Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Winchen, T., Plaisier, I., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J.R., Jong, Sijbrand de, Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., and Winchen, T.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 209187.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2019

31. Towards an improved mass composition analysis with LOFAR

Author

Corstanje, A., Buitink, S., Bonardi, A., Falcke, H.D.E., Hare, B.M., Horandel, J., Huege, T., Krampah, G.K., Mitra, P., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Trinh, T.N.G., Winchen, T., Corstanje, A., Buitink, S., Bonardi, A., Falcke, H.D.E., Hare, B.M., Horandel, J., Huege, T., Krampah, G.K., Mitra, P., Nelles, A., Pandya, H., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Trinh, T.N.G., and Winchen, T.

Abstract

ICRC 2019: 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference, July 24th - August 1st, 2019 Madison, WI, U.S.A., Contains fulltext : 207565.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2019

32. Generation of seed electrons by extensive air showers, and the lightning inception problem including Narrow Bipolar Events

Author

Rutjes, C. (Casper), Ebert, U. (Ute), Buitink, S., Scholten, O. (Olaf), Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Rutjes, C. (Casper), Ebert, U. (Ute), Buitink, S., Scholten, O. (Olaf), and Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia)

Abstract

Lightning streamers and leaders need thermal electrons to initiate, but free electrons are extremely rare in the wet air of a thundercloud. Here we analyze the probabilities that high electron densities occur in extensive air showers. We argue that relevant air showers are created by cosmic particles with energies between 1015 and 1017 eV impinging onto our atmosphere. We simulate a large number of air showers and perform a stochastic analysis of their results. We present the available densities of thermal electrons as a function of altitude, time interval, and considered area, while neglecting effects of local electric fields. We find that free electron densities at altitudes between 5 and 13 km can reach values of order 103 cm−3, but only in shower cores with a radius on a centimeter scale. Above 6 km, the availability of extreme free electron densities decreases significantly with increasing altitude. Recent measurements by Rison et al. (2016, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10721) indicate that several streamers must have been triggered simultaneously during discharge inception, and we suggest that an extensive air shower could have been the trigger. Rison's measurements show further that the streamers are laterally separated by several tens of meters, so they must have been triggered by electron densities as low as 1 cm−3. Such low electron densities demand a stochastic approach to streamer initiation near hydrometeors.

Published
2019
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33. Determining atmospheric electric fields through radio emmission from air showers

Author

Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Scholten, O. (Olaf), Ebert, U. (Ute), Leijnse, H., Rutjes, C. (Casper), Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Scholten, O. (Olaf), Ebert, U. (Ute), Leijnse, H., and Rutjes, C. (Casper)

Abstract

During thunderstorm conditions the radio footprint (intensity as well as polarization) of cosmic ray showers deviates strongly from those measured during fair weather. We have been able to interpret this pattern in terms of atmospheric electric fields. We see that even when there is no thunderstorm activity within 100 km distance within an hour of the event, the radio footprint may be strongly affected.

Published
2019
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34. Influence of atmospheric electric fields on radio emission from air showers

Author

Scholten, O. (Olaf), Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Ebert, U. (Ute), Scholten, O. (Olaf), Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), and Ebert, U. (Ute)

Abstract

We show that atmospheric electric fields as exist in thunderclouds can strongly affect the radio emission from cosmic air showers. We also show, using data from LOFAR, that from the measured radio footprint of cosmic-ray air showers, i.e. intensity, linear and circular polarization at various distances from the shower core, one can determine the direction and strength of the electric field as function of height along the path of the cosmic ray. This method can be regarded as tomography of thundercloud electric fields using cosmic rays as probes. We will present an analysis of selected events measured during thunderstorm conditions in the period from December 2011 till August 2014. The fields we extract are consistent with the generally accepted charge structure in thunderclouds consisting out of three charge layers.

Published
2019

35. LOFAR lightning imaging: Mapping lightning with nanosecond precision

Author

Hare, B.M., Scholten, O. (Olaf), Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U. (Ute), Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Leijnse, H., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C. (Casper), Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Veen, S. (Sander) ter, Winchen, T., Hare, B.M., Scholten, O. (Olaf), Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U. (Ute), Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Leijnse, H., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C. (Casper), Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Veen, S. (Sander) ter, and Winchen, T.

Abstract

Lightning mapping technology has proven instrumental in understanding lightning. In this work we present a pipeline that can use lightning observed by the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) radio telescope to construct a 3D map of the flash. We show that LOFAR has unparalleled precision, on the order of meters, even for lightning flashes that are over 20 km outside the area enclosed by LOFAR antennas (∼3,200 km2), and can potentially locate over 10,000 sources per lightning flash. We also show that LOFAR is the first lightning mapping system that is sensitive to the spatial structure of the electrical current during individual lightning leader steps.

Published
2018
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36. The mass composition of cosmic rays measured with LOFAR

Author

Hörandel, J.R., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Winchen, T., Hörandel, J.R., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., and Winchen, T.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 173572.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2017

37. Study of the LOFAR radio self-trigger and single-station acquisition mode

Author

Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Winchen, T., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Falcke, H., Hare, B.M., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., and Winchen, T.

Abstract

ICRC2017: 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference, 10-20 July, 2017 Bexco, Busan, Korea, Contains fulltext : 180869.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2017

38. Search for Cosmic Particles with the Moon and LOFAR

Author

Winchen, T., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Veen, S ter, Winchen, T., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., and Veen, S ter

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 173554.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2017

39. Circular polarization of radio emission from air showers in thunderstorm conditions

Author

Trinh, T.N.G., Scholten, O., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Thoudam, S., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C., Schellart, P., Veen, S. ter, Winchen, T., Trinh, T.N.G., Scholten, O., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Thoudam, S., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C., Schellart, P., Veen, S. ter, and Winchen, T.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 173504.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2017

40. Thunderstorm electric fields probed by extensive air showers through their polarized radio emission

Author

Trinh, T.N.G., Scholten, O., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Hare, B.M., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C., Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Veen, S. ter, Winchen, T., Trinh, T.N.G., Scholten, O., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Hare, B.M., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C., Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Veen, S. ter, and Winchen, T.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 173575.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2017

41. Realtime processing of LOFAR data for the detection of nano-second pulses from the Moon

Author

Winchen, T., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Veen, S ter, Winchen, T., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., and Veen, S ter

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 179126.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2017

43. Lightning imaging with LOFAR

Author

Scholten, O. (Olaf), Buitink, S., Dina, R. (Roxana), Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Q. (Qader), Frieswijk, W., Hendriks, F. (Freddie), Muller, J. (Jeroen), Sardjan, D. (Danny), Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Bonardi, A., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U. (Ute), Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C. (Casper), Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Veen, S. (Sander) ter, Winchen, T., Scholten, O. (Olaf), Buitink, S., Dina, R. (Roxana), Dorosti Hasankiadeh, Q. (Qader), Frieswijk, W., Hendriks, F. (Freddie), Muller, J. (Jeroen), Sardjan, D. (Danny), Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Bonardi, A., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U. (Ute), Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C. (Casper), Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Veen, S. (Sander) ter, and Winchen, T.

Abstract

We show that LOFAR can be used as a lightning mapping array with a resolution that is orders of magnitude better than existing arrays. In addition the polarization of the radiation can be used to track the direction of the stepping discharges.

Published
2017
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44. Precision study of radio emission from air showers at LOFAR

Author

Scholten, O. (Olaf), Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U. (Ute), Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C. (Casper), Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Veen, S. (Sander) ter, Winchen, T., Scholten, O. (Olaf), Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U. (Ute), Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C. (Casper), Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Veen, S. (Sander) ter, and Winchen, T.

Abstract

Radio detection as well as modeling of cosmic rays has made enormous progress in the past years. We show this by using the subtle circular polarization of the radio pulse from air showers measured in fair weather conditions and the intensity of radio emission from an air shower under thunderstorm conditions.

Published
2017
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45. Thunderstorm electric fields probed by extensive air showers through their polarized radio emission

Author

Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Scholten, O. (Olaf), Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U. (Ute), Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Hare, B.M., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rosetto, L., Rutjes, C. (Casper), Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Veen, S. (Sander) ter, Winchen, T., Trinh, T.N.G. (Gia), Scholten, O. (Olaf), Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Ebert, U. (Ute), Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R. (Jörg), Hare, B.M., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rosetto, L., Rutjes, C. (Casper), Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Veen, S. (Sander) ter, and Winchen, T.

Published
2017
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46. Cosmic ray mass composition with LOFAR

Author

Buitink, Stijn, primary, Bonardi, A., additional, Corstanje, A., additional, Falcke, H., additional, Hare, B.M., additional, Hörandel, J.R., additional, Mitra, P., additional, Mulrey, K., additional, Nelles, A., additional, Rachen, Jörg Paul, additional, Rossetto, L., additional, Schellart, P., additional, Scholten, O., additional, ter Veen, S., additional, Thoudam, S., additional, Trinh, T.N.G., additional, and Winchen, T., additional

Published
2017
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47. Measurement of cosmic rays with LOFAR

Author

Rossetto, L., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Rossetto, L., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., and Trinh, T.N.G.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 159661.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2016

48. Influence of atmospheric electric fields on the radio emission from extensive air showers

Author

Trinh, T.N.G., Scholten, O., Buitink, S., Berg, A.M. van den, Corstanje, A., Ebert, U., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Horandel, J.R., Kohn, C., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C., Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Veen, S. ter, Vries, K.D. de, Trinh, T.N.G., Scholten, O., Buitink, S., Berg, A.M. van den, Corstanje, A., Ebert, U., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Horandel, J.R., Kohn, C., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Rutjes, C., Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Veen, S. ter, and Vries, K.D. de

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 155768.pdf (preprint version ) (Open Access)

Published
2016

49. Measurement of the circular polarization in radio emission from extensive air showers confirms emission mechanisms

Author

Scholten, O., Trinh, T.N.G., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Correa, P., Corstanje, A.C.W., Hasankiadeh, Q.D., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Veen, S. ter, Vries, K.D. de, Winchen, T., Scholten, O., Trinh, T.N.G., Bonardi, A., Buitink, S., Correa, P., Corstanje, A.C.W., Hasankiadeh, Q.D., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Mitra, P., Mulrey, K., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Rossetto, L., Schellart, P., Thoudam, S., Veen, S. ter, Vries, K.D. de, and Winchen, T.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 162184.pdf (preprint version ) (Open Access)

Published
2016

50. Timing calibration and spectral cleaning of LOFAR time series data

Author

Corstanje, A., Buitink, S., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Krause, M., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., Trinh, T.N.G., Corstanje, A., Buitink, S., Enriquez, J.E., Falcke, H., Hörandel, J.R., Krause, M., Nelles, A., Rachen, J.P., Schellart, P., Scholten, O., Veen, S. ter, Thoudam, S., and Trinh, T.N.G.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 157957.pdf (preprint version ) (Open Access)

Published
2016

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