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Copyright of Turkey Journal of Theological Studies is the property of Turkey Journal of Theological Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Displaying nonverbal pride after a boxing match leads to judgements of success. However, it is not clear the extent to which this effect generalises nor whether it can override competing information. An experimental design had 214 participants watch two boxing clips that were manipulated so that one was evenly matched and the other had a fighter with an advantage (i.e. demonstrating more skill). Nonverbal behaviour at the completion of the fight varied between fighters (pride versus neutral). When the fight was evenly matched, the fighters displaying nonverbal pride were judged as winning the fight, but the fighter did not garner increased social influence. In contrast, when fighters demonstrated superior skill, the more skilled fighters who displayed neutral postures rather than the less-skilled ones displaying pride were judged as winning the fight, and the skilled fighters garnered increased social influence. These results suggest that in a boxing context, a pride bias works in evenly matched scenarios, but when differences in skill are more clearly present, a skill bias is more pronounced and leads to more social influence. Furthermore, perceptions of skill were associated with judgments of victory across stimuli, suggesting the importance of skill perceptions in such judgments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to identify the victory in the Holy Qur'an, its concept, causes and obstacles facing the Islamic nation today and then reach proposals for solutions and urge Muslims to what brings victory and its models from the life of the Prophet peace be upon him and the lives of the Companions may God be pleased with them all. The research relied on the historical and inductive method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on Augustine's Epistolae ad Galatas Expositionis Liber Unus, I would like to explore two insights into the therapeutic understanding of persona trauma. First, for Augustine, Paul's past turbulentas contentions are not in and of themselves stigmata domini Iesu Christi. What, then, is the meaning and significance for Augustine of Paul's statement "For I bear the marks of the Lord Jesus Christ in my body" (Gal 6:17)? Secondly, Augustine recognizes that Paul has been fighting his "alios conflictus et certamina". What is his struggle and how does it relate to the stigmata of the Lord Jesus Christ in the body? In traumatic experiences, our hearts may be troubled by the guilt of the traumatic experiences (for example, by asking questions like: "Did I do something wrong to cause this?"). Paul is able to recognize and reject anyone (or anything) that might tempt him to return to the accusation of the law, hence the declaration: "De cetero, inquit, laborem nemo mihi praestet". I argue that by interpreting the metaphorical sense of ad coronam uictoriae proficiebant, Augustine pronounces Christ's victory on the Cross over sin and death by explaining Paul's proclamation of his hermeneutic of Christ's stigmata. Through this soteriological lens, Augustine brings his interpretation of Galatians to its climax by proclaiming "Gratia domini nostri Iesu Christi cum spiritu uestro, fratres, Amen" (Gal 6:18). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the Roman Republic, peace was not a state but a moment, the signing of a treaty with a defeated enemy, and Rome was still at war at that time. Following the civil wars, Augustus made peace an ideal of government but the official documents (coins and inscriptions) valued the peacemaking role of the emperor especially from the Flavians and even more from the Severans. It is not easy to distinguish peace from victory because their benefits are similar, security and prosperity. Called Pax Augusta by official documents, peace appears as the work of the emperor and the Pax Aeterna formula refers to the imperial Aeternitas. The term Pax Romana is rather rare and generally refers to the peace imposed by Rome on its enemies and takes on a broader meaning only in Seneca, Pliny the Elder and Martial. It then refers to the Imperium Romanum and not to a specific political concept, as modern historians believe. The Romans knew only one peace: the Pax Augusta.

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has led to massive destruction of the economy and the amount of losses is estimated at more than 700 billion dollars. Increased demand in the construction and building structures market due to the restoration of Ukraine requires an increase in the production of sandwich panels. TPK-Center LLC specializes in the production of products for industrial and commercial construction, such as sandwich panels and metal products. Changes in the external environment of the company's operations, the structure of demand for sandwich panels with different insulation materials require changes in its marketing strategy in terms of product mix. Based on the analysis of the business portfolio, such strategic decisions as "BUILD", "HOLD", harvesting and elimination strategies are proposed. A study of the company's customers was The purpose of the article was to find out the specifics of the work of psychologists and psychotherapists with psychotraumas at the behavioral level during the war. Methods. Original psychological methods are proposed and methods of psychological assistance for psychological injuries during the war are described in detail. A complex of scientific and educational cycles of psycho-educational materials is presented, which change the military cadre into a resource one, which is actively introduced into the educational process and implemented in applied professional activities in various fields of psychological science and practice. A set of practical exercises, methods of neurolinguistic programming, individual practices of working with yourself are presented. The results. Key errors of behavior in war conditions, ways of transition from a state of decline to a state of elevation are analyzed. Scientific novelty. The study revealed the peculiarities of social functioning when working with psychotrauma in the conditions of war. The practical significance. Eriksonian hypnosis is offered in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder - a complex mental condition that occurs as a result of trauma. The experience of hypnotherapy as an artificial lie therapy for a positive result is presented. The conducted investigations allow us to draw preliminary conclusions. Indeed, work with psychotrauma in the conditions of war is accompanied by critical moments, the most difficult of which is behavior correction. Providing psycho-prophylactic help by applying the proposed correction method allows you to prevent extremely negative consequences that can deform the personality. Accordingly, further development and approval of the corrective behavioral method of psychoprophylaxis against a wider background is necessary in order to recommend its use to specialists in behavioral economics.

Copyright of Journal of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Humanities & Educational Sciences Journal is the property of Humanities & Educational Sciences Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

At the completion of martial arts competitions (e.g., boxing) between two competitors, both competitors are often observed raising their hands in victory, ostensibly to influence the judges' decision on who won the fight. Previous research suggests that nonverbal pride is spontaneously displayed after success, including after martial arts competitions. However, no empirical work has tested whether these nonverbal behaviors influence judgements of who won the fight or whether those judged to have won garner social influence. In Study 1, 158 adults watched a video of a genuine boxing match and were randomly assigned to view one of the fighters displaying nonverbal pride while the other displayed a neutral posture after the fight ended, but before a winner was declared. Consistent with the primary hypothesis, the fighter displaying pride was significantly more likely to be perceived as winning the fight. However, contrary to the secondary hypothesis, participants were neither more willing to train with the pride displaying target, nor showed any preference for studying for an exam with him, suggesting pride displaying targets did not garner more influence. In Study 2, the generalizability of the observed effect was tested by behaviorally coding 252 videos of actual boxing matches for pride and assessing actual judges' decisions, which revealed a strong effect, such that those showing the most pride after the fight but before the winner was announced were those who actually won the fight. The results of these studies suggest that post-fight behavior can have an impact on decisions of victory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the organisation and control of coinage by the Roman state, to the choice of types and legends for denominations and their distribution to the public, coinage appears to be a tool of power, with the smallest details determined by an official decision. Among the studies of Late Roman coinage carried out over the last twenty years, particular attention has been paid to monetary iconography, which is supposed to reflect an image of power that conforms to the expectations of the latter. Different approaches to the typological repertoire used in mints have made it possible to examine the role of coinage not only as a medium for imperial ideology, but also in the media presentation of the emperor and the legitimisation of his power.

This article presents research on museums during the occupation and annexation of Crimea since 2014, as well as information relating to institutions in the Kyiv, Kherson, and Zhytomyr regions of Ukraine following Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022. The first part of the article analyzes the situation of the Museum of Crimean Tatar Heritage housed in the sixteenth-century Bakhchysarai Palace. In the second part, the article discusses museums dedicated to Joseph Conrad, Polina Rayko, and Maria Prymachenko, together with activist ‘open-air’ museums by Banksy in the de-occupied part of the Kyiv region. With these geographical emphases, this article complements others in this collection.

Socially significant phenomena are usually personified and embodied in the images of ancestors, ethnarchs, and heroes. The anthropomorphic symbol in the fine arts was an integral part of ancient Greek culture from the very beginning. Accepting the traditional classification as natural phenomena (e. g. Earth, Sky, River), places (e. g. Region, Earth, City), time (e. g. Month, Time of Life, Season), emotions (e. g. Love, Fear), political concepts (e. g. Victory, Democracy, War), etc., the question of their deification remains a complex and difficult one. The image of the city in anthropomorphic form first appeared in Hellenic art, but its iconographic roots go back to earlier times. Social well-being can be associated with divine figures, such as Tyche or the successive heroes of state power. Artists depicted these characters as resembling heroes or demigods, perhaps deliberately placing them between the divine and human realms. One such heroic character for Armenia is expressed in the idea of “Mother Armenia, Capital, Hero”. However, the image of the “Mother City Goddess” went a long way in Armenia before it became a symbol of the capital. The polis (city) could be depicted as a male or female figure, with the female image being more predominant. The close association with the male figure of Demos reflects the ambivalent nature of urban culture. The polis can be seen as the basic unit of Greek society throughout antiquity. The personification of the polis, understood as a broad and diverse social, geographical, and political phenomenon, can be considered on the basis of the analysis of archaeological and written sources. Defining the polis in a heterogeneous Hellenistic society is a difficult task, especially when the socio-historical context is not directly reflected by individual archaeological findings and detailed historical data. A single definition may not be appropriate, since the meaning and function of the polis varied.

The articulation of time-space dimensions is a theme both for theorists of various disciplines and for those who deal with the problems of the exegesis of texts. The globalization process makes us perceive a hybrid present and permeable spaces, both with cultural consequences in relation to the process of attribution of meaning. This is the very broad outline in which I read the texts of D. Greig presented here, texts that, in the crisis of traditional historicism, address the theme in an unusual way: the relationship between history and memory has changed the nature of historical writing, accentuating the function of cultural memory (mnemo-history), with individual and collective past inevitably as its objects.

This paper explores what a notion of victory rooted in Revelation's theological grammar might look like. Although this essay might hold interest for a variety of individuals, it is written with Christian participation in sports in mind. What might a theology of victory look like that is specifically Christological? That is the question this essay attempts to address. Before offering a theology of victory, though, we will first explore why Revelation is a place to examine this question and how others have attempted to frame their own answers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents research on museums during the occupation and annexation of Crimea since 2014, as well as information relating to institutions in the Kyiv, Kherson, and Zhytomyr regions of Ukraine following Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022. The first part of the article analyzes the situation of the Museum of Crimean Tatar Heritage housed in the sixteenth-century Bakhchysarai Palace. In the second part, the article discusses museums dedicated to Joseph Conrad, Polina Rayko, and Maria Prymachenko, together with activist ‘open-air’ museums by Banksy in the de-occupied part of the Kyiv region. With these geographical emphases, this article complements others in this collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanities Journal of University of Zakho (HJUOZ) is the property of Humanities Journal of University of Zakho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

During the archaeological excavations in the north-eastern part of the thermae at Constantine the Great’s villa in Mediana, in the 2022 campaign, in a layer of debris two fragments of marble relief with a representation of Nike/Victoria standing on a globe were discovered. The fine grain white marble used for the icon, with its exquisite modelling, suggest that it was made from expensive marble by the hands of a skilful artisan in the period from the 3rd to the 4th century. The fact that the relief was discovered in the area of an imperial residential complex relates it to other known Central Balkan finds with Victoria representations, discovered in Galerius’ imperial domain Felix Romuliana and Moesia Superior’s capital Viminacium. All these mythological objects can be dated into the period of the 3rd and the 4th century, attesting that the goddess’ symbolism did not lose any of its popularity in the period of Late Antiquity - on the contrary, it announced the transformation of the goddess into an angel and, later on, as the one who blessed the emperors during their coronation. Thus, the question of Victoria’s different roles (goddess or personification) again arises, gaining a new meaning in the early Byzantine period.

As a phenomenon of the 21st century, the Ukraine-Russia war challenges neoliberal ideas about the loss of meaning of hard power and undermines claims that phenomena such as war no longer belong to contemporary international relations. On the contrary, it confirms the credibility of the neo-realist geopolitical paradigm. The purpose of this article is to examine the concept of peace and victory, in the context of the ongoing war, in Ukraine's domestic and foreign policy practice. Therefore, the first part of the article is devoted to the conceptualization of war, peace and victory. The second part examines the importance of the concept of war as a foundation of Ukraine's domestic policy, which helps to understand the value of peace. The last part of the article presents an analysis of Ukraine's foreign policy, which presents predictive assessments of the advent of peace and its impact on regional and global security. The optimistic prediction is that Europe will still find the strength to avoid the mistakes of the past, overcome its fear of Russia and make efforts to maintain the old post-bipolar order. Outlining the contours of a new international security system is only possible if Russia is defeated. If this does not happen, the unipolar peace will be replaced by a multipolar peace, and the new security system of Eastern Europe will be based on a regional arrangement capable of repelling threats both from the East and from other directions. The leading role in it, after victory over Russia, will most likely belong to Ukraine.

Small states that base their defence strategy on the concept of total defence, even if they do not defeat a stronger opponent militarily, and in the course of an armed conflict deny the enemy an absolute victory according to their criteria, and at the same time protect their national interests, can consider such an outcome victory. Victory at strategic level is conditioned, and not entirely determined, by military victories at tactical and operational level. Claiming victory at strategic level is a qualitative and political perception of state leaders, while at a lower level it is mostly the subject of quantitative analysis by military commanders. By analysing the content of strategic and doctrinal documents, scientific publications, and then by comparative and historical analysis of the concepts of strategy and victory, their relationship and understanding in different historical eras has been shown. The historical comprehension of victory in the Republic of Serbia since the restoration of statehood in the 19th century until today has been particularly analysed. A multiple study (R. Serbia 1999-2022; Afghanistan 2001-2021; Iraq 2003-2022) in which the defenders' successes were analysed after the attack by an asymmetrically stronger armed force led by the US Armed Forces, has served as the basis for scientific generalisation and making a final statement about victory and the concept of total defence. By understanding that the strategic victory of the weaker in an asymmetric conflict is achieved by relying on armed forces, and above all by the synergy of all elements of national power, the conditions are created to get out of conflicts under favourable conditions with as few human and material losses as possible.

A personal narrative is presented which explores the authors experience of influencing the US to pivot from counterinsurgency and irregular warfare.

This research paper investigates two literary texts, one is an ancient Indian epic Bhagavad Gita (The Song of the Lord) anonymously written between (500 -200 BC) while the second is a historical novel Manuscript Found in Accra by Paulo Coelho. Though the two texts may vary in their genre and their religious tradition, they still share significant features. The first is related to the setting. The first shared feature is army preparation for a war which is going to happen soon based on the setting of both texts. The second feature, in common with the two texts, is in connection with their narrative structures. Both texts are based on a question-answer dialogue, a discourse between two parties of characters. The third significant characteristic shared by the two texts is in connection with their core religious, spiritual, and philosophical themes. Arjuna, in Bhagavad Gita, and the people of Jerusalem, in Manuscript Found in Accra, agitatedly ask their spiritual leaders, Krishna, in the first text, and the Copt, in the second, religious and ethical questions. These questions evidently refer to key subjects which are victory in a military combat, God’s will and volition and love between man and God and among human beings. While analyzing these themes, the discussion thoroughly probes through the two texts’ religious contexts: the Hindu theologian tradition and Biblical teachings. The aim is to meticulously examine the points of disparity between the Hindu versus the Christian understanding of victory in the battlefield, God’s will and love, which are the core themes in this analysis.

Potato production is limited due to late blight of potato. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate potato varieties and fungicides for the management of late blight. Three potato varieties and five fungicides including untreated control were arranged in a randomized complete block design in three replications at two research locations during the 2019 season. Disease severities, disease progress curves, disease progress rate, and tuber yield were significantly (P < 0.01) affected by potato varieties, fungicide applications, and their interactions at both locations. At Debre Berhan agricultural research center, the highest area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) value (948.8%-days) was computed from untreated control plots of Gudene variety while the lowest AUDPC value (223%-days) was computed from Gudene variety treated with Ridomil Gold. At Debre Berhan University research field, the highest (39.4 t ha−1) yield was recorded from the Gera variety treated with Ridomil Gold. Farmers at both locations are recommended to use Gera variety treated with Ridomil Gold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The articulation of time-space dimensions is a theme both for theorists of various disciplines and for those who deal with the problems of the exegesis of texts. The globalization process makes us perceive a hybrid present and permeable spaces, both with cultural consequences in relation to the process of attribution of meaning. This is the very broad outline in which I read the texts of D. Greig presented here, texts that, in the crisis of traditional historicism, address the theme in an unusual way: the relationship between history and memory has changed the nature of historical writing, accentuating the function of cultural memory (mnemo-history), with individual and collective past inevitably as its objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Poznan Theological Studies / Poznanskie Studia Teologiczne is the property of Adam Mickiewicz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wartime is fundamentally important to the study of international politics but not especially well understood. In this paper, we use timing theory and the concept of liturgy to unpack the contemporary dynamics of US wartime. A theory of political timing posits that all temporalities derive from and symbolize underlying social processes, and that these timing efforts unfold according to a master organizing standard. Liturgy highlights the way that ritualized acts help participants commune with the sacred – whether this be God or the nation-state. Scrutinizing contemporary US culture practices, we combine these ideas to argue that the notion of victory, as enacted through a widespread set of performative routines, acts as an organizing standard that embeds and reifies wartime in US security policy and daily life. Prevalent ideals of winning wars gather together a stylized past, explicate present problems, and generate expectations about future problems and conflicts. We tabulate several highly influential examples of this liturgy of triumph from national calendars, commemorative sites and events, and cultural practices like spectator sports. In addition to normalizing a view of wartime as having clear beginnings and uniquely successful endings, the US liturgy of triumph highlights a growing gap in the country's relationship to the use of force. Most of what performative war liturgies commemorate is 'finished'; it has been seen, known, and ostensibly won. Yet, much of what defines 21st century conflict is anything but certain or victorious. Moreover, US victory culture has only grown more acute the longer the concrete victories fail to materialize, suggesting a tragic code at the heart of US security politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores what a notion of victory rooted in Revelation’s theological grammar might look like. Although this essay might hold interest for a variety of individuals, it is written with Christian participation in sports in mind. What might a theology of victory look like that is specifically Christological? That is the question this essay attempts to address. Before offering a theology of victory, though, we will first explore why Revelation is a place to examine this question and how others have attempted to frame their own answers.

Most military operations, military campaigns and wars in history have lasted longer than expected. Why do wars last longer than expected? In general, what factors determine the duration of the war? These are some of the questions that researchers think about the most. It should be noted that in order to draw reasonable conclusions about the duration of wars, they must be grouped according to their characteristics. Wars vary in intensity and scale. While some wars lasted for years, even decades, others lasted only a few days. Some wars involved only two countries, some took on a global scale. In some wars, limited battles took place and some have been engraved in history with heavy destruction. In many cases, while countries mobilize the whole society for war, some do not see the need for it. The article depicts the essence of the theories of war regarding the causes and termination, substantiates the link between them and highlights the factors that affect the duration of the war. The results of the analysis of the the Second Karabakh War and the conditions of peace have been presented. Opinions have been put forward about the outcomes of the war.

In this article, I will identify two key normative principles at the core of Robert L. Simon’s mutualist theory of sport, namely, the respect-for-the-opponent principle and the idea that sport is a practice aimed at pursuing excellence. The former is a Kantian principle grounded in human beings’ rationality, and the latter is an Aristotelian principle related to the development of excellences as a means to human flourishing. After having presented and analyzed both principles, I will critically evaluate Simon’s attempt to combine them within his mutualist approach. To conclude, I will highlight the challenges that mutualism should face to complete such a combination more successfully. Abbreviation: Categorical imperative (CI) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competitive sports involve physiological, technical and psychological skills, which influence directly on individuals' performance. This study aims to investigate the levels of perceived stress and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) before and after matches with victory and defeat in professional eSports athletes. Our hypothesis was that the winners would have better autonomic and stress responses after match, thus corroborating the literature on neurocardiac connections. Fifty male eSport players were selected players from 10 different Brazilian teams. The experiment was carried out in 2 sessions. Firstly, after signing the informed consent form, 24 h before the game, anthropometric, physical activity levels and time of expertise data were recorded only for sample characterization and the players were familiarized with the perceived stress scale--10 (PSS-10) and the HRV measurements. Secondly, players performed the PSS-10 and HRV recording at rest by 10 min 60 and 30 min before the game (i.e., baseline time) and 10 min after the end of the game. Overall, concerning PSS-10 our findings show that VG had significant reduced scores in post-game time compared to baseline (BL) and pre-game times, while DG had significant increased scores in post-game time compared to BL and pre-game times. Regarding HRV, our results demonstrate that VG had significant increase in RR, SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50 and HF, and significant decrease in LF and LF/HF, while DG had a significant decrease in RR, SDNN, rMSSD and HF, and significant increase in LF and LF/HF. It was observed that VG had better HRV responses (greater parasympathetic activation) as well as lower levels of perceived stress, while DG had worst HRV responses (greater sympathetic activation) and higher levels of perceived stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since achieving victory in World War II, the United States military has a less-than-enviable combat record in irregular warfare. This detailed historical analysis provides perspective on where past decisions and doctrines have led to defeat and where they may have succeeded if given more time or executed differently. In doing so, it provides lessons for future Army engagements and argues that until America becomes proficient in irregular warfare, our enemies will continue to fight us at the lower levels of the spectrum of conflict, where they have a good chance of exhausting our will to fight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is devoted to the conceptual analysis of the collection of national mottos of the Japanese nation, which was published in 1944 in Manchukuo. The book includes thoughts and statements of Japanese political and public figures, soldiers, philosophers (including Chinese ones), writers and poets. Chronologically, the collection covers the time from the appearance of the first written works of the Chinese philosophy (approximately 7th century BC) to the beginning of the 20th century. The book was released at a difficult time for Japan and the world, when war was going on in Europe and the Pacific. For the Japanese Empire, the point of the war turning against its favor occurred in the summer of 1942, during the Battle of Midway. From this time on, Japan gradually loses the initiative in conducting offensive operations against the Americans and their allies in the Pacific Ocean. Since the Japanese military situation deteriorated, the government began to strengthen its propaganda measures aimed at strengthening the idea of opposing European colonialism under the aegis of the Country of the Rising Sun, which was, in Tokyo’s view, shared by all East Asian nations. Apparently, as a part of this campaign, the Harbin branch of the Japanese Telegraph Agency “Nisso” and the Patriotic Association of Writers published a collection of mottos of the Japanese nation, which was intended to “spiritually unite” the Japanese subjects living in Manchukuo and promote an increased understanding of the Japanese mentality and Japanese culture among the Russian-speaking population of East Asia. Targeting Russian population did not happen by chance. In the conditions of “common misery for all”[1], Japan, apparently, planned to enlist Russian emigrants living in Asia. The collection considered in the article has become a bibliographic rarity today. The philosophical sayings, judgments, and appeals contained in it are of great interest for studying the past of the Country of the Rising Sun, as well as its ideology during World War II, and for understanding the essence of Japanese nationalism. The mottos included in the brochure reveal the general ethnic features of the Japanese, their attitude towards life and death, as well as such concepts as “duty”, “homeland”, and “honor”.

Bows have been used by humankind since prehistoric times. Initially used by hunters to meet their food needs, simple bows with a wooden body and a beam made of plant fiber or animal skin evolved over time into the indispensable deadly compound bow of the battlefields made with sinew, horn, and adhesive. However, since the bows were made of organic materials such as wood, leather, plant fiber, sinew, and horn, most of them decayed over time and were lost in nature. Thus, very few bows survived intact. Hence, visual works and cuneiform texts depicted on steles, obelisks, reliefs, seals, and door bands constitute our main source of information on bows. Numerous archaeological and epigraphic materials on bows dated to the Neo-Assyrian Period (1000-612 BC) have been unearthed as a result of scientific studies. Studies on these materials give important information on the use of bows in many different areas such as hunting activities, battlefields, religious ceremonies, and curse texts but also show that they were used as a symbol of kings' military victories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global COVID-19 pandemic of 2020–2021 required significant ritual adjustment in churches worldwide, particularly the larger ones. It has also provoked theological reflection on the origins on the virus, as well as on what God's Word had to say in response. This article investigates the adjustments and reflections at one Indian megachurch, Bangalore's Full Gospel Assembly of God (FGAG), with special reference to its utilization of a victory-oriented and defiant gospel of divine care, protection, and health. The question that animates this investigation is: Can a gospel of victory and health survive a global pandemic? The answer, somewhat counterintuitively (but in another sense – for those familiar with prosperity theology – not at all) is that it not only survives, but thrives. The article attempts to account for this thriving with reference to two distinctive characteristics of the soft version of the prosperity gospel that are manifest in FGAG's victory gospel, both of which are inculcated through ritual repetition and performance: 1) Its paradoxically simultaneous insistence that the faithful are, by God, already victorious, and that miraculous reversals await those who aren't, and 2) its boldly defiant response to evidence that all is not well.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of research on the investigation and exploration of the roots and reasons for the Russian aggression against the independent state of Ukraine, the heroic fight of the Ukrainian nation for victory; the situation at the occupation of Crimea, the heroic resistance of Crimean Tatars for freedom from the occupiers; the incredible winnings of Ukraine in sports, political, and cultural arenas, despite Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the help of friendly and brotherly Western countries, famous and ordinary people for victory of Ukraine. The article is extremely important for understanding the way Ukraine goes to victory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competitive sports involve physiological, technical and psychological skills, which influence directly on individuals’ performance. This study aims to investigate the levels of perceived stress and Heart Rate Variability (HRV) before and after matches with victory and defeat in professional eSports athletes. Our hypothesis was that the winners would have better autonomic and stress responses after match, thus corroborating the literature on neurocardiac connections. Fifty male eSport players were selected players from 10 different Brazilian teams. The experiment was carried out in 2 sessions. Firstly, after signing the informed consent form, 24 h before the game, anthropometric, physical activity levels and time of expertise data were recorded only for sample characterization and the players were familiarized with the perceived stress scale—10 (PSS-10) and the HRV measurements. Secondly, players performed the PSS-10 and HRV recording at rest by 10 min 60 and 30 min before the game (i.e., baseline time) and 10 min after the end of the game. Overall, concerning PSS-10 our findings show that VG had significant reduced scores in post-game time compared to baseline (BL) and pre-game times, while DG had significant increased scores in post-game time compared to BL and pre-game times. Regarding HRV, our results demonstrate that VG had significant increase in RR, SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50 and HF, and significant decrease in LF and LF/HF, while DG had a significant decrease in RR, SDNN, rMSSD and HF, and significant increase in LF and LF/HF. It was observed that VG had better HRV responses (greater parasympathetic activation) as well as lower levels of perceived stress, while DG had worst HRV responses (greater sympathetic activation) and higher levels of perceived stress.

John Laumakis has offered a thought-provoking, but ultimately unpersuasive argument in favor of playing to your opponent’s strength(s) (PTS) instead of playing to their weakness(es) (PTW). In the course of this reply, we hope to show (1) that the idea of PTS not only undermines the real goal of athletic competition, but it also (2) rests upon a confusion between matters of morality and the aims of sports, as well as (3) equivocations on the kind of ‘excellence’ one pursues, and the nature of the ‘challenge’ involved in sport. We also (4) plan to raise a serious objection against the logical consistency of PTS and (5) note its incompatibility with real-world game smarts and tactics. Finally, we (6) offer our own explanation for why ‘it is improbable that many coaches and athletes will shift their strategy from PTW to PTS.’ [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Two decades after the "war on terror" was first waged, there is little conceptual clarity about what it means to win a war. Indeed, despite the burgeoning literature on endless war and victory, there is no substantive engagement with how these themes intersect when thinking ethically about the question of war and what passes for peace. This forum seeks to spark a conversation to address this gap. Bringing together theorists and ethicists working on the themes of war and peace, we ask: What might we render visible and redress by thinking critically of the politics of victory in an era of endless war? Further, to the extent that just-war theory has long offered a grammar for the ethics of war, how does it help or hinder this quest? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a passage from Carl Schmitt’s Ex Captivitate Salus - a book famously written in a Nurnberg prison in 1946 - in which he draws, from memory, on a story derived from Serbian epic poetry, to justify his understanding of historiography, victory, and the figure of the hero. Analyzing the entire Serbian epic poem from which Schmitt extracts the vignette in question, we show how the text of the poem presents a significantly more complicated and messy picture of the figures of victor, victory, and hero, heroism. The anonymous Serbian poet, addressing himself to his contemporary audience, with which he is intimately familiar, really subverts simplistic expectations regarding the heroism and victory of the Serbian hero, Marko Kraljević. Finally, the article contrasts these complex and at times paradoxical figures of victory and the hero in the poem with their presentation in Carl Schmitt’s writing.

In June 1945, the 220th anniversary of the USSR Academy of Sciences was celebrated on a grand scale. An academic anniversary is a polysyllabic commemorative action that can be described in diverse contexts. The authors focused directly on the holiday scenario in the corporate-ritual dimension, as well as its communicative potentialities. The source of the research was published and unpublished clerical materials of the USSR Academy of Sciences, periodicals and popular science publications, ego-sources of participants in the “science festival”. The methodological optics of the article consisted of developments in the field of intellectual history, the social history of science, and the history of memory. In the festive scenario, the authors identified the following components: 1) actually scientific, 2) ritual and welcoming, 3) concert and entertainment, and 4) banquet. During the study, it was concluded that the scenario for celebrating the 220th anniversary of the USSR Academy of Sciences is multilayered and at the same time integral and indivisible. It organically combined heterogeneous social entities - power sharpened by rigid forms of social engineering and repressive regulation, scientists trying to remove themselves from excommunication from pre-revolutionary and world science, foreign guests who became “their own” for a short historical moment. The scenario of the anniversary correlates with the contextual background of the anniversary celebrations, which was distinguished by a special atmosphere of expectation of a new life after the Great Patriotic War. In the communicative plan, jubilee celebrations are considered as practices of intensive communication. The conclusion is made that the idea of a unified world science will be revived for a short moment.

Recent work on social movement fields has expanded our view of the dynamics of social movements; it should also expand our thinking about social movement success. Such a broader view reveals a paradox: social movements often snatch defeat from the jaws of victory by narrowly targeting authorities with their actions instead of targeting the broader social movement field. Negative impacts from the wider social movement field can then reverse or overshadow initial victories. We distinguish between a social movement's victory over the immediate target, and more lasting success that arises from shifting alignments in the broader social movement field. To test the predictive value of the distinction, we compare two very similar student-led social movements, both of which targeted university policies regarding sensitivity to race issues and changes in university personnel. One built a broad coalition of support that extended across its social movement field and was thereby able to institute durable change. The other did not, and despite its clear initial success, this protest movement produced consequences mainly adverse to its preferred outcomes. We demonstrate how pervasive this paradox is with examples from other U.S. protest outcomes and studies of revolutions. The paradox is resolved by focusing on changes in the entire social movement field. We thus argue that achieving, and understanding, lasting social movement success requires attention to the entire social movement field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study propounds the notion-complex of cross-textual reconceptualisation as a cognitive-linguistic output of applying Paul Chilton's (2013, 2014, 2017) model of Deictic Space Theory (DST) to textual practices drawn from the broad domain of political discourse. The DST model has operated methodologically towards conducting a cognitively oriented political discourse analysis of the two victory speeches produced by Donald Trump and Joseph Biden during the 2020 election for US presidency. As a geometric model, DST has been applied to the two speeches in a way that demonstrated the deictic spatial construction of victory in relation to Trump and Biden as the now-here-real speakers on the three axes of discourse referents, time, and epistemic modality. The data analysis has revealed four significant instantiations of cross-textual reconceptualisation made by Biden of Trump's deictic space of victory as a contested concept: (i) a "clear" and "convincing" victory, (ii) a peripersonal real victory, (iii) Trump and his voters, and (iv) a now shift from a past Democrat to a future President. All four instantiations have proved the hypothesis that the DST model, while revealing the deictic-spatial conceptualisations of "victory" constituted by each speaker in his speech, may further be extended to disentangle the interesting aspect of how one and the same concept could be reconceptualised across two textual practices produced by speakers with ideologically opposed perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]