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Item does not contain fulltext, Midlife hypertension is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. We investigated the effects of long-term treatment with two classes of antihypertensive drugs to determine whether diverging mechanisms of blood pressure lowering impact the brain differently. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were either left untreated or treated with a calcium channel blocker (amlodipine) or beta blocker (atenolol) until one year of age. The normotensive Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY) was used as a reference group. Both drugs lowered blood pressure equally, while only atenolol decreased heart rate. Cerebrovascular resistance was increased in SHR, which was prevented by amlodipine but not atenolol. SHR showed a larger carotid artery diameter with impaired pulsatility, which was prevented by atenolol. Cerebral arteries demonstrated inward remodelling, stiffening and endothelial dysfunction in SHR. Both treatments similarly improved these parameters. MRI revealed that SHR have smaller brains with enlarged ventricles. In addition, neurofilament light levels were increased in cerebrospinal fluid of SHR. However, neither treatment affected these parameters. In conclusion, amlodipine and atenolol both lower blood pressure, but elicit a different hemodynamic profile. Both medications improve cerebral artery structure and function, but neither drug prevented indices of brain damage in this model of hypertension.

Contains fulltext : 220823.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access), Before 2015, endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke was considered a promising treatment option. Based on limited evidence, it was performed in several dedicated stroke centers worldwide on selected patients. Since 2015, EVT for patients with intracranial large vessel occlusion has quickly been implemented as standard treatment in many countries worldwide, supported by the revised international guidelines based on solid evidence from multiple clinical trials. We describe the development in use of EVT in the Netherlands before, during, and after the pivotal EVT trials. We used data from all patients who were treated with EVT in the Netherlands from January 2002 until December 2018. We undertook a time-series analysis to examine trends in the use of EVT using Poisson regression analysis. Incidence rate ratios per year with 95% CIs were obtained to demonstrate the impact and implementation after the publication of the EVT trial results. We made regional observation plots, adjusted for stroke incidence, to assess the availability and use of the treatment in the country. In the buildup to the MR CLEAN (Multicenter Clinical Trial of Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Netherlands), a slow increase of EVT patients was observed, with 0.2% of all ischemic stroke patients receiving EVT. Before the trial results were formally announced, a statistically significant increase in EVT-treated patients per year was observed (incidence rate ratio, 1.72 [95% CI, 1.46-2.04]), and after the trial publication, an immediate steep increase was seen, followed by a more gradual increase (incidence rate ratio, 2.14 [95% CI, 1.77-2.59]). In 2018, the percentage of ischemic stroke patients receiving EVT increased to 5.8%. A well-developed infrastructure, a pragmatic approach toward the use of EVT in clinical practice, in combination with a strict adherence by the regulatory authorities to national evidence-based guidelines has led to successful implementation

Contains fulltext : 175949.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), Hypertension is associated with cognitive decline and various forms of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. In animal models of hypertension, many of Alzheimer's disease characteristics are recapitulated, including brain atrophy, cognitive decline, amyloid beta accumulation and blood brain barrier dysfunction. Removal of amyloid beta and other waste products depends in part on clearance via the brain interstitial fluid (ISF). Here we studied the impact of hypertension on ISF drainage, using spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). At 8 months, high (500 kD) and low (3 kD) fluorescent molecular weight tracers released passively into the hippocampus showed a drastically enhanced spreading in SHR. Tracer spreading was inhomogeneous, with accumulation at ISF-CSF borders, around arteries, and towards the stratum lacunosum moleculare. These locations stained positively for the astrocyte marker GFAP, and aquaporin 4. Despite enhanced dispersion, clearance of tracers was not affected in SHR. In conclusion, these data indicate enhanced bulk flow of ISF in the hippocampus of hypertensive rats. ISF drains along astrocytes towards the cerebrospinal fluid compartment, which leads to sieving of high molecular weight solutes. Sieving may lead to a local increase in the concentration of waste products and potentially promotes the aggregation of amyloid beta.

Het Hoogheemraadschap Hollands Noorderkwartier heeft de rioolwaterzuivering rwzi Heiloo uitgebreid waarbij Gastreatment Services een gesloten fakkelinstallatie heeft geleverd voor het affakkelen van 75 m3/h biogas. Intercontrol Meet- en Regeltechniek heeft de biogasmeting in de fakkelinstallatie geleverd.

Integration of the fossil record can therefore add significant new insights into the dispersal and current distributions of taxa, as is proven in the case of Wallacea.

Dikkopelrits is een exotische vissoort, die sinds 2007 ook in Nederland wordt aangetroffen. De eerste Nederlandse vindplaats is in Neede. De soort kan drager zijn van een bacterie, die een voor inheemse vissoorten dodelijke ziekte, Enteric Redmouth Disease, veroorzaakt. Vanwege de kans op overdracht van deze ziekte op gevoelige inheemse soorten en vanwege de mogelijkheid, dat de soort zich verder verspreidt naar nabijgelegen beken, heeft Waterschap Rijn en IJssel de populatie onlangs vernietigd. RAVON, Team Invasieve Exoten en het waterschap geven achtergronden bij dit besluit

Er zijn veel rioolwaterzuiveringen, die voor de uitdaging staan een meetprincipe te vinden, dat optimaal functioneert onder de zware omstandigheden bij biogasmeting en dat tevens een kostenbesparing oplevert. Ook voor Rioolwaterzuivering Bath waren onvoldoende rendement en onbetrouwbare meetresultaten aanleiding om alternatieve meetmethodes voor biogas te zoeken. Nu werkt men met Racine Vortex biogasmeters van Intercontrol. Het beheer van de Rioolwaterzuivering Bath is tevreden over het functioneren van de nieuwe meters, die tot nu toe nog geen onderhoud nodig hebben gehad.

In 1904 Eugène Dubois published the first report on fossil mammals from the vicinity of Tegelen. After a century of research the clay-pits from the area are known as a classical locality for Villafranchian mammals. Antje Schreuder's work was particularly important for making the fossils from Tegelen known. Her papers, however, also indicate some problems. The large mammal fossils were gathered by clay-workers in the local ceramic industry, and the fragmentary nature of the fossils is partly caused by injudicious handling while extracting the bones from the clay. Because the Tegelen fossils are chance finds rather than the results of careful excavations, their exact provenance is not established. The only exception is the collection of micromammals, which was gathered by Thijs Freudenthal during expeditions in the 1970s. Large size variation in the cats and hyenas, and the presumed presence of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis cast doubt on to whether the fossils from Tegelen represent a single time frame.

One of the most exciting episodes of palaeoanthropology was the find of the first transitional form, the Pithecanthropus erectus, by the Dutchman Eugène Dubois in Java during 1891-1892. The history of Dubois and his finds of the molar, skullcap and femur, forming his transitional form, are described. Besides the human remains, Dubois made a large collection of vertebrate fossils, mostly of mammals, now united in the so-called Dubois Collection. This collection played an important role in unravelling the biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy of Java. Questions, such as from where were those mammals coming, when did Homo erectus arrive in Java, and when did it become extinct, and when did Homo sapiens reach Java, are discussed.