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Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) is a multi-domain serine/threonine protein kinase that causes downstream signal transduction and biological effects by phosphorylating specific proteins. In recent years, with the in-depth study of RIPK1, scholars have found that it is of great significance in autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and a variety of solid tumors and hematological tumors. On the one hand, RIPK1 promotes cell survival and inflammatory responses by activating specific pathways such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). On the other hand, RIPK1 promotes apoptosis by interacting with cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-8 (caspase-8), or promotes necroptosis by interacting with RIPK3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). As an upstream signal, RIPK1 has different expression levels in patients with different tumors. Its scaffold function and kinase activity can regulate cancer progression, initiate adaptive immunity, inhibit tumor progression, and generate an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment to promote tumor development. Its dual role has been demonstrated in regulating the occurrence and development of tumors and the body's immune response, and can be used as a new therapeutic target to control cancer progression. This paper starts with the structure of RIPK1 to further explore its function in regulating cancer progression and immune response, and to provide new ideas for the development of cancer-targeted drugs.

Critically ill patients are at high risk for hospital acquired infections, which can significantly increase the mortality rate and treatment costs for these patients. Therefore, in the process of treating the primary disease, strict prevention and control of new hospital infections is an essential component of the treatment for critically ill patients. The treatment of critically ill patients involves multiple steps and requires a concerted effort from various aspects such as theory, management, education, standards, and supervision to achieve effective prevention and control of hospital infections. However, there is currently a lack of unified understanding and standards for hospital infection prevention and control. To address this, in March 2024, a group of experts in critical care medicine, infectious diseases, and hospital infection from China discussed the current situation and issues of hospital infection control in the intensive care unit together. Based on a review of the latest evidence-based medical evidence from both domestic and international sources, 2024 Expert Consensus on Hospital Acquired Infection Control Principles in the Department of Critical Care Medicine was formed, aiming to provide a basis for the development of hospital infection prevention and control strategies in the field of critical care medicine.

Catheter related blood stream infection (CRBSI), a common complication in the department of critical care medicine, may result in longer stay in the department of critical care medicine, increased hospitalization costs, even sepsis that leads to increased mortality in severe patients. The infection control of CRBSI has become the focus of the department of critical care medicine and even hospital management as well as the core of quality control. At present, the prevention program of CRBSI in the department of critical care medicine has been basically in place, and the national standards for infection prevention during central venous catheter placement and maintenance have been established. The establishment and implementation of these norms can effectively reduce the incidence of CRBSI, but CRBSI in the department of critical care medicine is still common and serious, indicating that there are defects in the aseptic operation during central vein catheterization and use. The corre- sponding operation process should be investigated and improved, and efforts should be made from the aspects of theory, management, education, norms, and supervision to avoid or reduce the occurrence of CRBSI and even achieve zero infection by improving and implementing various sensory control requirements in clinical operation.

ObjectiveThe study investigated the evolutionary associations of drug resistance in main serotype Salmonella enteritidis （S. enteritidis）in Jiamusi City， to provide a scientific basis for clinical treatment.MethodsS. enteritidis was isolated from food and patients with diarrhea. Serological typing was performed. Resistance against 16 antibiotics was investigated using the microbroth dilution method. Genes associated with antimicrobial resistance were analyzed by PCR， and the evolutionary relationships between strains were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis （PFGE）.ResultsOf the 108 Salmonella strains identified， 55 （50.93%） were found to be S. enteritidis. Forty-nine （89.09%） of these strains showed antimicrobial resistance， with 33 strains （67.35%， 33/49） found to be resistant to multiple antibiotics. The highest resistance was against nalidixic acid and ampicillin， with 81.82% and 60.00% resistance， respectively. Homologies between 37% and 100% were observed among the 55 S. enteritidis strains.ConclusionHigh levels of multi-antimicrobial resistance were found in S. enteritidis in Jiamusi. A close relationship was found between， pathogen strain and drug resistance. S. enteritidis in the diarrhea of infected patients can cross-infect food. As S. enteritidis shows significant drug resistance in this region， it is of great importance to develop targeted diagnostic and treatment programs， as well as prevention and control measures， to ensure the safety and maintenance of public health.

To explore the role of glutathione S-transferase gene (GST) in the accumulation of anthocyanin in Brassica juncea, one GST gene related to the anthocyanidin accumulation was cloned from near-isogenic lines of B. juncea with purple stalk and green stalk, and named as BjGSTF12. In this study, the bioinformatics characteristics of BjGSTF12 encoding protein and promoter were analyzed, the expression level of BjGSTF12 and the relationship with total anthocyanidin content were analyzed in B. juncea lines with purple stalk and green stalk. The results were as follow: (1) BjGSTF12 genes from B. juncea were successfully cloned, whose the full length of BjGSTF12 in genome and cDNA was 808 bp and 651 bp, encoding a protein of 216 amino acids. The BjGSTF12 contained the typical domains of GST proteins, namely GST_N and GST_C. However, their sequences of BjGSTF12 did not exhibit any differences between the two lines of B. juncea. (2) BjGSTF12 was closely related to AtGSTF12 in Arabidopsis, and both belonged to the φ subfamily of GST family. (3) The BjGSTF12 promoter sequences were cloned from two Brassica juncea strains of green stalk and purple stalk, and they exhibited four base mutations/insertions. However, the types and numbers of cis-acting elements did not show obvious differences between the two strains, including nine MYB transcription factor binding sites, one hormone response element, and three abiotic corresponding elements. (4) The total anthocyanidin content in B. juncea of purple stalk was significantly higher than that in green stalk ones, and the expression levels of BjGSTF12 in two lines were found to be similar to the total anthocyanidin content in both lines. (5) Protein interaction network analysis revealed that BjGSTF12 may interact with the key enzymes of anthocyanidin biosynthesis, glycosylation modification, and transporter proteins. In summary, BjGSTF12 is likely to play a key role in the accumulation of anthocyanidin in B. juncea by regulating its biosynthesis, modification, and transportation through interactions with other proteins. This study provides a theoretical reference for further study on the function of GST and the mechanism of anthocyanidin accumulation in B. juncea.

The underwater wireless sensor network (UWSNs) is an important communication facility supporting underwater monitoring applications. However, the transmission channel has the characteristics of high bit error rate, strong multipath effect, and many interference factors, and the network node has the characteristics of high energy consumption, difficult energy supply, and the node position vulnerable to change, which makes it extremely difficult for UWSNs to realize the reliable and efficient packet forwarding. To address the problem, we propose the Stackelberg Q-learning based multi-hop cooperative routing algorithm (SQMCR). The SQMCR builds the transmission routes based on the Q-learning algorithm, considering factors such as the delay, the remaining energy, and the network topology, which improves the rationality and adaptability of selecting the next-hop node. By balancing the packet forwarding benefits and the energy consumption costs based on the Stackelberg Q-learning algorithm, the SQMCR establishes the cooperative communication policy to ensure both the reliability and efficiency of underwater communications. It also adopts initializing Q-values and dynamic exploration probabilities optimization methods to further improve the performance of routing algorithms. Experimental results show that the SQMCR can help UWSNs increase the packet forwarding reliability and prolong the network lifetime by 17%. It has a better environment and application adaptability and is more suitable for underwater high-reliability applications.

In response to the complex geographical environment and great difficulty in risk control of high consequence areas(HCAs) of mountainous pipelines, accurate identification of the HCA type and grade, if achievable, could effectively improve the operation safety of pipelines. However, the existing identification standards have certain limitations when applied to the mountainous oil and gas pipelines.Therefore, it was necessary that Myanmar-China Oil and Gas Pipeline(China section) was employed for the case study. According to the Oil and Gas Pipeline Integrity Management Specification(GB 32167—2015), the HCAs of oil and gas pipelines were identified and analyzed to identify the HCA types and the characteristics of identification items to be concerned. The analysis and classification were made for the environmental characteristics in mountainous areas, so as to find out the influence of the mountainous environment on oil and gas pipeline leakage. Additionally, the limitations of the current HCA identification standards for mountainous oil and gas pipelines were outlined here.The study results have certain reference significance for the identification and management of HCAs of mountainous pipelines, as well as the potential standard revisions.

Bird striking engines are most likely to cause aircraft damage and accidents in bird strike accidents. In order to study the bird strike airworthiness performance of the first stage compressor rotor of the engine, bird strike tests are conducted on the engine rotor under working conditions. The bird strike test, in which the bird weight, velocity and rotate speed of engine blades are 1 000 g, 195 m/s, 8 525 r/min respectively, is made in a vacuum space. Based on the explicit collision dynamics analysis software PAM-CRASH, a corresponding blade bird strike numerical calculation model is established, and the rationality of the calculation model in this paper is verified by comparing it with experimental results. Also, the ability of engine blades against bird strike in different situations is researched. The results indicate that big bird strike leads to a worse situation compared with medium bird flock and small bird lock. Large deformation appears at the tip of the blades due to the impact at the tip part, while impact at the root and middle of the blades will cause a large concentrated stress around the root of blades, and lead to the fracture of the blade.

Abstract The authors propose a secure intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) assisted transmission system in the presence of a ground eavesdropper, where the source in the ground transmits confidential information to unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), IRS is deployed to promote the transmission rate of the source to UAV. Closed‐form expression for secure transmission non‐outage probability is derived, and secure transmission performance is analyzed. Simulation validates the correctness of the derivation. Compared with benchmarks, results show that the IRS can improve the secure transmission of ground to UAV.

AZ91 alloy reinforced by carbon nanotubes coated with MgO（AZ91-MgO@CNTs） was prepared by powder metallurgy, hot extrusion and T4 treatment. The influences of MgO@CNTs content and load on the friction and wear property, surface wear morphology and debris topography of AZ91-MgO@CNTs composites were investigated under the dry sliding friction. The results show that MgO@CNTs can improve the wear properties of AZ91-MgO@CNTs. With increasing the content of MgO@CNTs, the strengthening effect of the wear properties of the composite increases and then decreases. Compared with AZ91-CNTs, AZ91-MgO@CNTs has smaller friction coefficient and lower abrasion loss, indicating that the MgO@CNTs is better than CNTs to improve the wear properties of AZ91 alloy. The main wear mechanism of AZ91-MgO@CNTs is abrasive wear under the load of 10 N. When the load is 50 N, there are three wear mechanisms appeared: abrasive wear, oxidation wear and adhesive wear.

[Objective] Under the background of digital transformation and low-carbon transformation, the development of digital economy is of great practical significance for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality with the aim of reducing carbon emissions and net zero carbon emissions. [Methods] This study combined China’s multi-regional input-output table with the global input-output table in 2012, 2015, and 2017 to construct an embedded international input-output table, based on which the input-output model was used to quantify the scale of digital economy and carbon emissions from the global value chains of China’s 30 provinces and 21 industries, and to analyze the theoretical mechanism of the digital economy to reduce China’s carbon emissions from the perspective of global value chains and carry out empirical tests using fixed effects model and mediation effects model. [Results] (1) The scale of the digital economy in 30 provinces of China’s mainland showed a growing trend, and the carbon emissions from global value chains of all provinces were consistent with the level of economic development. (2) The development of the digital economy can significantly reduce China’s carbon emissions, which is mainly realized through two ways: enhancing the participation in global value chains and coordinated development of triple value chains. (3) The digital economy played a greater role in reducing China’s carbon emissions in the dimensions of complex global value chains, backward input dimensions, provincial carbon emissions, non-manufacturing sectors, and the eastern region. [Conclusion] China should give full play to the empowering role of the digital economy, actively develop new technologies and new business formats, develop a new economic pattern through “digital” and “green” models, and use the digital economy to achieve the dual carbon goals.

ObjectiveTo characterize the incidence of laboratory confirmed pertussis cases by immunization status in Ninghai County， and to provide evidence for improving pertussis prevention and control strategy in Ninghai County.MethodsData of reported pertussis cases in Ninghai County from 2018 to 2019 were collected through the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System. The immunization history of vaccines related to pertussis was collected through the Ningbo Immunization Planning Information Management System and field investigation. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the collected data.ResultsThe respiratory secretions collected in the 64 cases tested positive for nucleic acid of Bordetella pertussis bacilli， of which 56.25% aged 0‒1 year. They were mainly pre-school children. No adolescent or adult case was reported. All cases had whooping cough. Of the cases， 78.13% had an increase in white blood cell count， 62.5% had an increase in lymphocyte percentage， 59.38% had completed three or more doses of pertussis vaccination， 69.39% had a time interval of >1 year between the onset and last dose of pertussis vaccination， and 31.25% reported close contact with pertussis patients before the onset. The misdiagnosis rate of pertussis was as high as 92.19%. In contrast， the prevalence of anti-pertussis IgG antibody in health population was 1.05%.ConclusionFurther improvement in the laboratory testing capacity can help clarify the diagnosis of pertussis. Generally， children aged 0-1 year are mainly affected， of which vast majority have received at least one dose of pertussis vaccination. Clinical symptoms are characterized by whooping cough. Additionally， elevated white blood cells and lymphocytes should be on the alert to pertussis infection.

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel hyperthermic intravesical chemotherapy (HIVEC) device in combination with gemcitabine.Materials and methods A pilot clinical trial was performed on patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), who received HIVEC via the novel device (BR-PRG). Treatment regimen included eight weekly instillations of intravesical GEM (3 g in 150 mL normal saline [NS]) at a temperature of 45 °C for 60 min. Assessment of adverse events (AEs) was the primary objective of the trial. Disease recurrence and the thermal stability of GEM were also analyzed.Results A total of 116 HIVEC treatments were delivered. Fifteen and eighteen patients were included in the effectiveness and safety analysis, respectively. Median follow-up was 12 months; five patients experienced a disease recurrence. One-year cumulative incidence of recurrence was 23.8% in EORTC intermediate risk group and 37.5% in high-risk group. Ten patients experienced at least one AE, with the most common being acute urinary tract infection, followed by urinary tract pain, and hematuria. Two patients experienced acute cystitis (grade 3 AE) and instillations were postponed until full recovery. Other AEs were minor, and no systemic toxicity was observed. The contents of GEM in solution of 0.9% NS or NS mixed with artificial urine were stable at 25 °C, 37 °C, 43 °C, 45 °C, 47 °C and 50 °C for 2 h.Conclusion GEM can be an ideal drug for use in HIVEC due to its good thermal stability. BR-PRG, combined with GEM was safe and effective in administering HIVEC.

A new type of foam ceramics was prepared with fly ash (CFA). Before sintering, the CFA underwent alkali activation, resulting in an even layer of hydroxy sodalite crystals covering the CFA particles. The pre-treatment of the CFA-alkali-activated material caused it to exhibit a reaction in sintering. The foamed ceramics had the best qualities when sintered at 1,300°C; the leaching toxicity studies of a material used in interior design revealed that during sintering.

As a complex multiphase food, ice cream is composed of fat globules, bubbles and ice crystals dispersed in a semi-frozen solution. The fat content is usually 8%~16%, which plays an important role in the ice cream system. However, excessive fat intake can have a negative impact on health, so the use of fat substitutes to replace part or all of ice cream fat has become a research focus. This paper reviewed the research progress of fat substitutes in ice cream by domestic and foreign scholars in recent years, and focused on the introduction of different types of fat substitutes, as well as the effects on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of low-fat ice cream. The applications were summarized and the future research direction and focus were also prospected.

The refinement of thyroid surgery has become a standardized requirement and a symbol of improved technical level in thyroid surgery. Endoscopic equipment magnifies the surgical field of view in high definition, making it more conducive to perform the surgery meticulously. Here we explored the key points of refined surgery based on the technical points of endoscopic thyroid surgery. We also focused on the establishment of endoscopic operation space, exposure of thyroid tumors, and protection of key organs and tissues. With regard to the establishment of endoscopic operation space, the separation of subcutaneous layer should show the view of “red sky and yellow ground”, which means the gap between the platysma muscle and the deep layer of the superficial fascia. The subcutaneous dissection area should be present as “long tunnel, small cavity”, and the shape from the bilateral sternoclavicular joints to the bilateral areola, which seems like the fan-shape with “thin neck and wide bottom”. With regard to the exposure of thyroid tumors, the key technical points include the dissociating and traction of anterior cervical muscles. Three spaces [the median space (the white line space of the neck), the inner space (the space between the thyroid surgical capsule and the anterior cervical muscles) and the outer space (the space between the anterior cervical muscles and the sternocleidomastoid muscle)] need to be fully dissociated. Furthermore, the assistant with special sutures or hooks to fully dissociate the anterior cervical space and the use of a reasonable grasping method as well as a suitable energy platform to prevent thyroid bleeding. With regard to the protection of key organs and tissues, nerve monitoring technology helps to find and locate the recurrent laryngeal nerve. In addition, careful manipulation at the entrance to the larynx is the key to avoid the damage of recurrent laryngeal nerve. Lymph negative imaging techno-logy helps to identify the parathyroid gland. Accurate identification of the anatomical type of the parathyroid gland and meticulous dissection of the intermembrane space of the parathyroid gland is benefit to protect the blood supply of the parathyroid gland in situ. To achieve the refinement and minimally invasive surgery, it is necessary to improve the surgical instruments and materials. What is more important, surgeons should update their surgical concepts, be well acquainted with anatomical relationships and constantly improve surgical techniques.

BackgroundThe use of neutron-based methods to locate radioactive sources within sealed containers holds great practical significance.PurposeThis study aims to locate an AmLi source within the detection space of four position-sensitive neutron detectors.MethodsFirst of all, the Monte Carlo method was applied to designing the moderating shield of the detector. Then, a delay circuit was added to one end of the detector hence the position coordinate of the source y-axis (detector axis) was determined according to the time difference between the two ends of the detector to detect the source neutron signal, and the axial position function of each detector was calibrated. Finally, the detector was used to build a measurement space around sealed container, and the position coordinates of the x-axis and z-axis (the other two directions) were determined by the ratio of the neutron count rate of the two adjacent detectors, so was the function calibration. During the measurement of neutron point-source 3D coordinates, the detector with the largest count rate was first selected to determine the axial coordinates of the source, and then the coordinates of the other two directions of the source were determined according to the ratio of the count rate of the two adjacent detectors to the detector, so as to realize the location of the source.ResultsMeasurement results of five different positions of the point source in the detection space show that the positioning deviation on each coordinate axis is within 1.5 cm, and the relative standard deviation of neutrons measured in this detection space is within 1%.ConclusionsThis methodology effectively demonstrated the feasibility of employing neutron position-sensitive detectors to precisely locate radioactive sources, establishing a strong foundation for future endeavors aimed at accurately determining the positions of nuclear materials within processing equipment in nuclear facilities.

Traditional coal gangue image detection methods require manual extraction of image features. The methods have low accuracy and practicality. The existing coal gangue target detection methods based on improved YOLO have improved in speed and precision, but they still cannot meet the real-time intelligent coal gangue sorting needs of belt conveyors in coal preparation plants. In order to solve the above problems, an improvement is made to the YOLOv5s model, and a YOLOv5s-SDE model was constructed. A method for coal gangue target detection of belt conveyors based on YOLOv5s-SDE is proposed. The YOLOv5s-SDE model enhances useful features, suppresses useless features, and improves the detection effect of small target coal gangue by adding squeeze-and-excitation (SE) module to the backbone network. The model replaces ordinary convolutions with depthwise separable convolutions to reduce parameter and computational complexity. The loss function of the bounding box regression CIoU is replaced by the EIoU. This improves the convergence speed and detection precision of the model. The results of the ablation experiment show that the YOLOv5s-SDE model has a detection accuracy of 87.9% for coal gangue images, a mean average precision (mAP) of 92.5%, and a detection speed of 59.9 frames/s. It can effectively detect coal and gangue, meeting real-time detection requirements. Compared with the YOLOv5s model, the accuracy of the YOLOv5s-SDE model decreases by 2.3%, the mAP increases by 1.3%, the number of parameters decreases by 22.2%, the calculation amount decreases by 24.1%, and the detection speed increases by 6.4%. The comparative experimental results of similar improved models show that the detection precision of YOLOv5s-STA model and YOLOv5s-Ghost model is significantly lower. The detection performance of the YOLOv5s-SDE model, YOLOv5s model and YOLOv5s-CBAM model is generally similar. But in the case of motion blur and low lightning, the overall detection performance of the YOLOv5s-SDE model is better.

Meteorological forecast numerical model is an important basis of numerical weather forecasting. The research and development of meteorological numerical model needs to continuously carry out simulation experiments in high-performance computing to test and evaluate the prediction effect. Aiming at the problems of inconvenient, time-consuming, invisible, complex details,difficult to analysis during meteorological scientists manually compile batch processing scripts to carry out numerical simulation experiments, this paper develops an interactive visual model test-bed system based on Python and workflow technology with client-server architecture, which provides the construction, simulation, monitoring, analysis, management and sharing for model experiment. The application results show that, the system improves the efficiency of model research and development and the usability of high-performance computer system, plays an important supporting role in the test-bed of numerical weather forecast model, and has good scalability.

LTE network adopts non orthogonal multiple access to enhance network capacity and D2D to improve spectral efficiency. Allowing D2D users to share the spectrum resources of cellular users using non orthogonal multiple access technology can alleviate the current shortage of spectrum resources, but it will also introduce interference between D2D users and cellular users. This paper proposes a research scheme for the sharing between D2D users and cellular users based on non orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology. SIC technology is used to eliminate the interference between cellular users and D2D users. This scheme not only optimizes the system throughput by adjusting the transmission power of users, but also improves the performance of edge users. The simulation results show that the communication scheme between D2D users and cellular users based on NOMA is superior to the traditional cellular resource allocation scheme and interference control scheme in performance.

ObjectiveTo analyze the disinfection quality of nursing institutions in Fengxian District， so as to provide evidence for improving disinfection work in nursing institutions.MethodsA total of 54 nursing institutions for the elderly in Fengxian District of Shanghai were selected as the monitoring sites during 2017‒2021. The samples from indoor air， surface of objects， tableware and hands of staff were collected for bacteriological testing， and then evaluated for the quality of sanitary disinfection.ResultsFrom 2017 to 2021， the annual qualified rate of disinfection quality in the nursing institutions was 84.85%‒100.00%， and there was a significant difference of the monitoring samples among different years （χ2=51.73，P

The two-dimensional finite element microscopic model of NiCoCrAlY/YSZ gradient thermal barrier coating was established by using the representative volume element method to calculate the thermophysical properties of the gradient layer under different composition ratios. The parameter results were extended to the three-dimensional multi-layer solid model to study the thermodynamic properties of the double-layer coating and gradient structured coating under thermal cycling condition. The results show that the elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, coefficient of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of the gradient layer are approximately linear with the component proportion of each phase, and the thermal conductivity is also affected by the distribution pattern of each phase. The thermal conductivity is low and the highest value is 2.91 W·m−1·K−1 when the proportion of NiCoCrAlY phase in the gradient layer is below 0.7 at room temperature. Compared with the double-layer coating, the proportion of YSZ in gradient coatings is reduced by 20%, the insulation temperature is reduced by 14%, the radial tensile stress, axial tensile stress, and shear stress of the ceramic surface layer at high temperature are reduced respectively by 47%, 32% and 37%, and the residual stress after cooling is reduced by 50%. The results are attributed that the gradient of the coating structure can effectively reduce the thermal mismatch stress caused by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between coating and substrate. According to the results of coating stress distribution, the coating is inclined to form vertical cracks in the centre region and horizontal cracks near the outer edge of the TC/BC interface.

Light industries are crucial for China’s economic and social development, and the high-quality development of these industries is conducive to promoting China’s economic and social transformation, improving the quality of residents’ lives, and forming a new development pattern in which domestic and international cycles promote each other. In this study, the basic development pattern of the light industries and major problems faced by China’s economic transformation and upgrading were analyzed, and the common strategic directions for the development of China’s light industries were summarized, including green manufacturing, high-end manufacturing, intelligent manufacturing, and industrial cluster development. Focusing on major light industry categories such as paper-making, leather, plastic processing, and fermentation industries, key engineering issues that urgently require breakthroughs were proposed, and key equipment, components, raw materials and additives, strains, and process technologies were analyzed. We suggest to promote scientific and technological progress through the construction of innovation platforms, improve relevant industrial policies, optimize development environment, and cultivate talents, thereby promoting the high-quality development of the light industries and enhancing international competitiveness.

The application of technology in vocational education teacher education is becoming more and more important, and it has become a trend that cannot be ignored, especially under the influence of the digital age and the epidemic, the process of technology application has been accelerated. Studies have shown that the use of technology-based teaching resources such as multimedia courseware, digital textbooks, and distance online courses can provide students with a rich and varied learning experience, thereby improving the quality of teaching. Technology can also increase the effectiveness of teacher training programs by providing teachers with flexible and convenient ways to acquire new knowledge and skills. This paper takes China as a case study on higher vocational education in different regions of the country, using methods such as investigation, interview and analysis, to explore the status quo, problems and reasons for the application of technology in the current vocational professional teacher education process. Finally, try to make some suggestions on how to use technology to improve the competence of vocational teachers in higher vocational colleges.

Recycled steel fiber comes from the waste produced by machining. Adding recycled steel fiber into concrete can significantly enhance the toughness of concrete. In order to study the impact toughness of recycled steel fiber-reinforced concrete, the drop weight repeated impact experiment method was used to study the performance of recycled steel fiber-reinforced concrete under repeated impact load. Four kinds of recycled steel fiber-reinforced concrete samples with different volume contents were designed and made, and the loading impact experiments under five working conditions were carried out. Taking the drop weight and drop height as changing parameters, the corresponding blow counts of the first crack and sample failure under the impact of the drop hammer are recorded, and the ductility coefficients of different samples are calculated. The results show that the impact resistance of the sample decreases significantly with the increase of the drop weight and drop height. With the increase of recycled steel fiber content, the impact toughness of the sample increases obviously. The impact toughness of recycled steel fiber-reinforced concrete under standard loading conditions is the best.

A three-phase foam is considered one of the promising advanced materials for fighting fires. However, the preparation conditions, cost and effect are key factors for industrial applications. In this study, new three-phase foam systems with fly ash and a complex surfactant are proposed. Five types of surfactants alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, coconut oil diethanolamine, sodium lauryl sulfate, polyacrylamide and polyether-modified silicone resin emulsion were selected as foaming agents. Through laboratory experiments, the effect on the expansion ratio and foam stability of the surfactant type/concentration, fly ash particle concentration/size and pH were investigated. The foaming condition was determined by numerical optimization. The results of this study may serve as a reference for understanding the preparation of a novel threephase foam. It is hoped that this work could provide useful guidance for the preparation of efficient three-phase fire-extinguishing foam for the safe guarding of process safety in the field of chemical production, transportation, and storage suitable for drug delivery than Al12P12 and Al12N12 based on their recovery times.

Among the degradations of low-quality images,luminance deviations such as brighter or darker images are very common image degradation phenomena.The image enhancement method based on fully supervised learning faces the dilemma that the training data is difficult to obtain or the acquisition cost is too high,and the training data is inconsistent with the application scene.To handle these problems,an unsupervised image dehazing and low-light enhancement algorithm based on luminance adjustment is proposed in this paper.A deep architecture with channel attention and pixel attention mechanism are designed to measure the differences between enhanced images and input low-quality images.A variable quadratic function has been applied to adjust the pixel luminance of the image.Multiple unsupervised losses i.e.,brightness saturation loss,spatial consistency loss,illumination smoothness loss and pseudo-label supervision loss are utilized to alleviate the illumination deviations but to ensure the identity between the enhanced images and the input low-quality images,which efficiently improve the quality of the images.Empirically,an intensity compression strategy is applied for the hazy images to darken the hazy images to have a similar intensity range with low-light images.Thus,the hazy images can be treated equally with low-light images with our deep network to adjust the luminance of the image.For the dehazing task,compared with the second-best method,our method improves the PSNR value for 2.8 dB and SSIM value for 0.01 in RESIDE dehazing dataset.For the low-light enhancement task,our method outperforms the second-best method for 0.56 dB and 0.01 separately measured by PSNR and SSIM in the SICE dataset.The proposed image dehazing and low-light enhancement algorithms can restore high-quality images from hazy images and low-light images.It effectively overcomes the difficulty of acquiring the targeted enhanced data or alleviates the problem of domain gap between training data and application data in the low-level vision tasks,which improves its adaptivity in real applications.

Fluorescent probe labeling is easy to operate and the sensitivity of fluorescence detection is 3–4 orders of magnitude higher than traditional methods such as ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The absorption and distribution of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) monomers with different degrees of polymerization (DPs) in mice was analyzed by fluorescent probe labeling. In this study, we analyzed the differences in the absorption and distribution of COS monomers with DPs of 2–5 in mice gavaged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled COS monomers through fluorescence signal detection by a small animal intravital optical imaging system and fluorescence quantification. The results showed that at 1 h after administration, the fluorescence signal in the mice reached its peak level. COS could be absorbed into the blood and cross the blood-brain barrier to distribute into the brain tissue. COS mainly distributed into the kidney and liver, followed by the heart and spleen, and a small amount of COS distributed into the lung and brain. The distribution of COS monomers in the kidney and liver was positively correlated with the DP, while the peak distribution in serum, heart, spleen, lung, and brain in decreasing order was as follows: chitobiose > chitotetraose > chitotriose > chitopentose. The findings of this study are meaningful for guiding future study of the structure-activity relationship of functional COS and provide a reference for further study of the functional mechanism of COS, which will accelerate the development and application of COS in functional foods.

Since the glass is matastable from the viewpoint of thermodynamics, the highlevel liquid waste glass may crystallize during the process of production, storage, and disposal. Borosilicate glass is used as the matrix for immobilization of highlevel liquid waste in China. It is worth noting that pyroxene phase is easy to crystallize in borosilicate waste glass. In order to suppress the crystallization of pyroxene phase, it was proposed that MgO and CaO in the borosilicate glass formula were partially replaced by P2O5 in this study. The effect of P2O5 content (mass fraction of 08%) on the crystallization characteristics and leaching resistance of borosilicate waste glass was mainly investigated. The results show that the waste glass possesses amorphous phase when the content of P2O5 is 03%. For the samples after heating at 850 ℃ for 6 h, the main crystalline phases are pyroxene when P2O5 content is 02%. In addition, a small amount of calcium silicate phase appears for the heat treated samples with 3% P2O5 content, and pyroxene phase almost disappears. When the content of P2O5 is higher than 3%, spherical Na3Ca6(PO4)5 crystals precipitate in the glass, and the crystallinity increases with P2O5 content. The analyses of 29Si and 11B MAS NMR show that with the increase of P2O5 content from 0 to 6%, the total content of Q3 and Q4 structural units in the glass network gradually increase from 5304% to 8356%, and the content of BO3 structural units increases from 2943% to 3822%. The increase of P2O5 content improves the densification of the overall network structure of the waste glass. The results of the static leaching method (MCC1) show that the normalized leaching rates LRSi, LRB, LRNa and LRCs of the waste glasses gradually decrease with the increase of P2O5 content. After 28 d, LRSi, LRB, LRNa and LRCs of the waste glass with 3% P2O5 content are 0508, 0468, 0533 and 0280 g/(m2·d), respectively, which can satisfy the requirements (

Objective To explore the application of membranous concept in vestibular schwannoma surgery. Methods A total of 39 patients with vestibular schwannoma who received membranous surgical treatment in The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from May 2020 to June 2021 were enrolled. Through the retrosigmoid approach, the intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring was performed, and the membranous concept was used to separate the brain stem of the tumor and the interface between the tumor and the facial nerve and the cochlear nerve. Facial nerve function was evaluated by the House⁃Brackmann (H⁃B) grade and hearing was evaluated by the American Academy of Otolaryngology⁃Head and Neck Surgery（AAO⁃HNS）scale at one day, one week and one year after surgery. Results Total resection was performed in 31 cases (79.49%) and nearly total resection in 8 cases (20.51%). Facial nerve anatomical preservation was achieved in all patients, and facial nerve function returned to normal or nearly normal (H⁃B grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ) 84.62% (33/39), moderate facial paralysis (H⁃B grade Ⅲ) 10.27% (4/39), moderate and severe facial paralysis (H⁃B grade Ⅳ) 5.13% (2/39) on the first day after surgery. One week after surgery, 71.79% (28/39) of patients with normal or nearly normal facial nerve function, 15.38% (6/39) of moderate facial paralysis, 10.27% (4/39) of moderate and severe facial paralysis, and 2.56% (1/39) of severe facial paralysis (H⁃B grade Ⅴ). One year after surgery, 92.31% (36/39) of patients with facial nerve function returned to normal or nearly normal, 5.13% (2/39) of patients with moderate facial paralysis, and 2.56% (1/39) of patients with moderate and severe facial paralysis. Among the 10 patients (25.64%) who retained effective hearing before surgery (AAO⁃HNS grade≥C), there were 4, 3 and 6 cases at one day, one week and one year after surgery, respectively. Those who did not retain effective hearing before surgery did not recover effective hearing after surgery. According to the comparison of tumor volume and nature, the proportion of patients with normal facial nerve function (H⁃B grade Ⅰ) in the tumor volume≤3 cm group was higher than that in＞3 cm group [12/18 vs. 19.05% (4/21); Fisher's exact probability: P=0.006], the proportion of patients with normal facial nerve function in the solid tumor group was higher than that in cystic group [71.43% (15/21) vs. 1/10; Fisher's exact probability: P=0.010] at one year after surgery. Conclusions The membranous concept in vestibular schwannoma surgery can protect facial nerve function well, and has a positive effect on the protection of cochlear nerve and brain stem.

In recent years, the adsorption method is usually adopted in the actual treatment of crude oil spills. However, the high viscosity of crude oils prevents them from diffusing into the internal pores of the adsorbent, resulting in ineffective oil capture. Photothermal materials can reduce the viscosity of crude oil by in situ heating through the photothermal conversion effect, making it easier for crude oil to occupy the internal pores of the adsorbent. At present, the review of the application of photothermal materials in the field of crude oil adsorption is still blank. This review focuses on the application of novel photothermal conversion materials in the field of crude oil adsorption and their performance comparison. Among the photothermal conversion materials used in the field of crude oil adsorption, some are commercial sponges with high porosity and photothermal coating, while others are self-assembled three-dimensional porous structures of materials with inherent photothermal properties. This review mainly introduces the types and research progress of materials with good photothermal effect at home and abroad in recent years and summarizes some new research ideas and materials that can be applied to photothermal conversion.

Developing efficient and robust electrocatalysts is increasingly essential for water splitting, severely hindered by the sluggish four-electron transfer process of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Amorphous/crystalline heterophase engineering has recently emerged as a promising electronic modulation approach for OER catalysts but suffers from poor conductivity of the amorphous structure. Here, we coupled the amorphous/crystalline NiFe2O4 induced by vanadium doping with NiP heterojunction, highlighting the synergistic effect in modulating the electronic structures and the complementary effect in promoting conductivity. As a superior electrocatalyst to commercial RuO2, the as-prepared NFO-V0.3-P showed a low overpotential of 277 mV at the current density of 20 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 45 mV dec−1, and long-term stability. The excellent OER catalytic activity is attributed to the synergistic effect at the heterophase interface with rich active sites, fine-tuning of electronic regulation, and enhanced conductivity.

This paper analyzes the main contradictions and challenges in the development of China's alumina industry in terms of resources, production costs and environmental governance, compares the production cost of China's alumina with that of other countries, analyzes the pollutants produced in the production process of alumina, and discusses the related problems. On this basis, this paper puts forward the strategies and suggestions for the sustainable development of China's alumina industry, that is, adopt advanced technology and equipment to solve the problem of bauxite resource shortage; Improve safety protection facilities to prevent accidents and hazards; Solve the problem of deep purification and standard discharge of alumina industrial flue gas; Implement the safe storage and resource utilization of alumina industrial solid waste; Increase the depth recovery efficiency of waste heat in alumina production; Implement all safety management measures and strengthen the ability to prevent accidents. By adopting the above strategies, the sustainable development strategy of China's alumina industry can be realized.

目前, 火箭橇试验是飞行器空气动力学重要试验手段, 然而强烈的地面与轨道干扰会影响试验的精度, 甚至导致试验失败。采用尺度自适应SAS方法和基于铺层算法的动网格技术对不同马赫数下的超声速火箭橇滑行过程进行数值模拟, 探究了超声速火箭橇的气动力致振机理。采用了数值风洞模拟方法对超声速火箭橇无限空间绕流和仅包含地面的橇体绕流进行仿真, 分析了不同环境条件下的激波特征。结果表明: 超声速火箭橇的头激波传播至轨道和地面时会发生激波反射, 反射激波的存在会导致超声速火箭橇产生升力, 并带来阻力的略微增加; 反射激波与轨道扣件的周期性碰撞使得其尾迹区具有非定常特征; 火箭橇的气动力激励振动频率与尾迹波动频率一致, 即气动力激励振动对非定常尾迹具有锁频现象。此外, 压力信号的功率谱密度分析表明气动力激励振动存在谐声现象, 这与锁频现象密切相关。

In this article, we prepared novel basalt fiber (BF)-reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites based on the synergistic reinforcement of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). First, we compared the enhancement effect of CNCs and silane coupling agent-modified BFs on PP, showing that the enhancement effect of the former was more significant. Subsequently, to further improve the mechanical properties of the composites, CNCs were introduced into the BF-reinforced PP composite system as the third phase, and the results suggested that their combination with BFs could synergistically strengthen the PP matrix composites. Simultaneously, the study also shows that when the mass percentage of CNCs and BFs are 1 and 30%, respectively, the composite achieves the highest mechanical strength, which is 64.31% higher than that of the PP matrix. The systematic characterization revealed the synergistic enhancement mechanism: on the one hand, CNCs not only promoted the improvement of PP crystallinity by heterogeneous nucleation but also formed a wedge-shaped structure between them and BFs through hydrogen bonding to prevent PP molecular movement; on the other hand, the BFs promote not only the extrusion crystallization of the resin matrix but also the network structure formed by the appropriate content of BFs can realize the rapid transmission of external stress.

Coal gangue has the characteristics of complex physical and chemical properties, low strength, loose and porous, which limit its extensive use in building materials. In this paper, coal gangue was modified by soaking in hydrophobic solution under uncalcining and non-prewetting conditions. The basic characteristics of coal gangue before and after modification was systematically studied, and hydrophobically modified coal gangue mass substitution rates of 0%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100% were set. Contact angel, flexural strength, compressive strength, electric flux were used as characteristic parameters to evaluate the influence of modified coal gangue replacement rate on the basic properties of mortar under different substitution rates.Results showed that, by using the binary cooperative complementary method, when the replacement rate of modified coal gangue was lss than 50%, the hydrophobic state of the surface of coal gangue mortar could be achieved. As the replacement rate of modified coal gangue increases, the compressive strength showed a decreasing trend, the maximum decrease was 15.7% compared with none modified coal gangue added. The 28 d compressive strength was 58.5 MPa with 30% replacement rate of modified coal gangue. The electric flux was less than 250 C under different modified coal gangue replacement rate, which indicated excellent resistance to chloride permeability. When the modified coal gangue replacement rate is 30%, the electric flux was the smallest (130 C). The hydrophobic modification method could ensure good mechanical strength and resistance to chloride penetration under the condition of uncalcined and non-prewetted coal gangue, which fully utilizes coal gangue.

Recycled rubber particles can be produced by using waste tires. Adding recycled rubber particles to concrete can form rubber concrete (RC). RC can not only reduce the amount of natural sand and reduce the cost of concrete but also improve the static compressive toughness of concrete. Adding steel fiber into RC can improve the strength of concrete. In order to study the compressive toughness of steel fiber rubber concrete (SFRC), rubber particles washed with NaOH are added to steel fiber reinforced concrete. This can enhance the bonding performance between the recycled rubber particles and concrete. The volume ratio of recycled rubber is 5, 10, and 15%. Prismatic and cubic test blocks were prepared and their compressive tests were carried out. The results show that the stress interaction between the rubber particles and steel fiber in concrete significantly improves the compressive strength, elastic modulus, and stress–strain relationship of concrete. The compressive toughness and ductility of concrete are improved. When the content of rubber particles is 15–20%, the compressive toughness of SFRC is improved most obviously. Through experiments, the toughness index and specific toughness of rubber steel fiber reinforced concrete are calculated, which explores a new way and method for studying the compressive toughness of similar recycled material concrete.

The effective drag reduction of variable camber wing of wide-body passenger aircraft at realistic flight condition can improve the performance and flight quality of passenger aircraft.The whole trimmed passenger aircraft configuration is used as the research object,the variable camber model is established based on flaps and spoiler deflection.The Reynolds averaged Navior-Stokes(RANS)equation is used to solve the drag precisely,and establish the response-surface model to perform the multiple flight conditions of different lift coefficients and Mach numbers with variable camber drag reduction.On this basis,the requirement of camber variable manipulation and general drag reduction performance in practice flight process are analyzed,and the general profit of cruise efficiency is evaluated based on Breguet equation.The results show that two camber settings can lead drag reduction in a large range of lift.When the transport is cruising at a fixed altitude of 10 km,the variable camber wing can reduce the drag with 1.9 cts,and improve the flight time and endurance with 0.72%.When the transport is cruising at stepped altitudes of 8 km and 10 km,the variable camber wing can reduce the drag with 2.9 cts,and improve the flight time and endurance with 1.19%.

Along with the gradual normalization of coordinated cross-mining of multiple mineral resources, the safety situation of natural gas wells has become increasingly serious. Taking coal-gas cross-mining in the Ordos Basin as the research object, this paper proposed an anti-collision early warning method based on vibration wave monitoring prevent the occurrence of collision accidents between roadheader and gas well. Through the steel pipe percussion vibration test and coal mine excavation vibration test, the attenuation law of vibration waves in the steel pipe and coal rock is studied, and the formula for calculating the distance from the roadheader to the natural gas well is deduced according to the vibration attenuation law. The results show that the attenuation coefficients of vibration waves in steel pipes and coal rocks are different, but the attenuation laws are basically the same, both conforming to the exponential attenuation law, with the vibration waves first decaying rapidly and then slowly. It provides a reference for the realization of surface monitoring of the distance from the roadheader to the natural gas well, preventing collision and predicting early warning.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of ventromedial thalamus (VM) neuronal activity during sleep-wake cycles. Methods Both the oscillation state of electrical activity in the parietal cortex and three-dimensional acceleration of the head and neck were employed to determine the brain states of male mouse (n=4). The brain states were classified into three types: wakefulness, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. In vivo multi-electrode arrays were utilized to record the firing activity of VM and ventrolateral thalamus (VL) neurons in these three distinctive brain states and during their switching process. Results ① The firing rates of VM neurons (n=50) during wakefulness (4.13± 0.47) Hz were significantly higher than in either NREM sleep (2.46±0.34 Hz, P < 0.01) or REM sleep (2.35±0.32 Hz, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference as to the firing rates between NREM and REM sleep state (P>0.05). ②The firing rates of VM neurons (n=50) increased significantly from NREM sleep state to wakefulness (P < 0.001) and evidently reduced from wakefulness to NREM sleep state (P < 0.01). However, there was no obvious difference from NREM sleep state to REM sleep state (P>0.05). ③The firing rates of VL neurons (n=40) during NREM sleep state (3.68±0.62) Hz were lower than in either wakefulness (10.42±1.03 Hz, P < 0.01) or REM sleep condition (8.95±0.89 Hz, P < 0.01). In contrast, the firing rates of VL neurons significantly increased from NREM sleep stated to either wakefulness (P < 0.01) or REM sleep state (P < 0.01). Conclusion The wakefulness state has the greatest firing activities of VM neurons. The firing activities of VM neurons reduce during the transition from wakefulness to sleep state, whereas the activities increase during the transition from sleep state to wakefulness state.

Recycled steel fiber (RSF)-reinforced concrete is not only an innovative research trend in the field of civil engineering materials, but also a new type of civil engineering composites under the trend of low-carbon development. This article deals with the experimental study of applying waste steel fibers to form recycled steel fiber concrete (RSFC). The main materials in this study are RSF, coarse and fine aggregate, fly ash, silica fume, and water reducer agent formed by machining surplus materials as the main materials. Three types of concrete were prepared. They were normal concrete, primary steel fiber concrete (PSFC), and RSFC with six different volume contents. The slump and air content of the three types of concrete are compared and analyzed. Then, the effects of the volume content of RSF on the cube compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and axial compressive strength of RSFC are studied. Finally, the toughness of RSFC is discussed. The test results show that with the increase in the volume content of RSF, the slump of RSFC is significantly reduced, the compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength are enhanced, the increase in tensile strength and flexural strength is significantly higher than the cube compressive strength, and the RSF has an obvious inhibitory effect on the development of concrete cracks which can obviously enhance the ductility and toughness of the concrete.

[Introduction] There are deviations in the design, manufacture and installation of the four major pipes building. These deviations have not caused great influence in the previous projects construction process, and are often easily ignored. With the optimization of the layout, the normal operating of the pipeline may be affected when various deviation trends are consistent, which needs to be studied. [Method] We analyzed various common deviations between theoretical calculation and practical operation from the point of view of design, and we analyzed the influencing process of deviations in previous project. [Result] The analysis results show that these neglected common deviations may affect the normal operation of the unit. [Conclusion] The deviation between theoretical calculation and practical operation cannot be completely avoided, so it is necessary to pay enough attention to design, manufacturing and installation, feedback timely , control the impact of the deviation.

The nano VO2 powders were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. The effects of Gd and Nd element doping on the structure and phase transition temperature of VO2 were studied. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that Gd element and Nd element will affect the structure of VO2. Gd3+ and Nd3+ can occupy partial position of V4+ lattice and form solid solution, increasing the lattice parameters of VO2. Both the doped and un-doped VO2 powders exhibit a monoclinic structure at room temperature. Due to the lattice deformation caused by Gd or Nd doping, the aggregation of particles is prevented, and the grain is refined obviously. Differential scanning calorimetry curves showed that both Gd doping and Nd doping can reduce the phase transition temperature of VO2(M). When the Gd doping concentration is 6 at%, the phase transition temperature can be reduced from 71.7°C to 60.3°C, and the infrared transmittance before and after the phase transition also changes significantly, reaching more than 40%. Nd doping is similar, and the phase transition temperature decreased to 55.6°C with the addition of 9 at% Nd.

Basalt fiber (BF) is a kind of high-performance fiber rising rapidly in recent years. BF is typically used in the field of structure engineering because of its high strength and high modulus. The preparation of BF-based composites first requires surface modification of BF to improve the interfacial bonding between BF and the resin matrix. With the continuous deepening of the research on BF surface modification, researchers have found that special surface modification can obtain BF-based functionalized composites, and this field has received extensive attention in recent years. In this article, research work on BF-based functional composites in recent years are summarized and reviewed from the aspects of electromagnetic shielding, water treatment, catalytic function and fire insulation. Finally, this article summarizes the BF surface modification methods, and proposes the development trends and direction of BF-based functional composites.

BRICS-Plus countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and 30 other countries) is a group of 35 countries with emerging economies making up more than half of the world’s population. We explored epidemiological trends of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality attributable to modifiable risk factors and its association with period and birth cohort effects and sociodemographic index (SDI) across BRICS-Plus countries by using joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort modeling from 1990 to 2019. Between 1990 and 2019, the all-ages CVD deaths increased by 85.2% (6.1 million to 11.3 million) across BRICS-Plus countries. The CVD age-standardized mortality rate attributable to dietary risks and smoking significantly decreased across BRICS-Plus countries, with some exceptions. However, four-fifths of BRICS-Plus countries observed a remarkable increasing trend of high body mass-index (BMI)-related CVD deaths, in particular, among younger adults (25–49 years). Early birth cohorts and individuals aged greater than 50 years showed a higher risk of CVD mortality. Both the China-ASEAN FTA and Mercosur regions stand out for their successful sociodemographic transition, with a significant reduction in CVD mortality over the study period. Singapore and Brazil achieved great progress in CVD mortality reduction and the other BRICS-Plus countries should follow their lead in adopting public health policies and initiatives into practice.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which is used as one of the most widely polymer, the general purpose plastic in industry, agriculture, household items and many other fields because of abrasion resistance, thermal insulation, and low cost, etc. Nevertheless, PVC can easily change color, degrade under heating or ultraviolet (UV) light radiation because of its structural features and inherent composition, finally limited the application range of the materialist. To overcome these, the zinc- copper -sulphur composite was prepared with ZnO nanoparticle, copper chloride, thiourea and thiophene, then added to PVC solution, composite films were prepared by a casting method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction spectra (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometr were applied to study the structure and optical performance. The results showed that the functionalized ZnO NPs could endow the PVC composite films with excellent UV shielding capability.

ObjectiveTo analyze drug resistance status and risk factors in elderly tuberculosis patients in Ninghai County of Zhejiang Province， and to provide basis for prevention and control of drug-resistant tuberculosis.MethodsClinical data were collected from 142 elderly tuberculosis patients （with positive sputum culture） who were diagnosed and treated in medical institutions in Ninghai from 2016 to 2020. The risk factors of drug resistance were analyzed by Chi-square test and logistic regression model.ResultsThe overall drug resistance rate was 33.80%， and the drug resistance rate in patients with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis was significantly higher than that in patients with initial pulmonary tuberculosis， and the difference was statistically significant. Multivariate unconditional logisitic regression analysis showed that irregular medication and disease recurrence were independent risk factors for multidrug resistance in the elderly patients.ConclusionThe drug resistance rate in elderly tuberculosis patients in Ninghai is high. It is necessary to strengthen the management and supervision of tuberculosis in the community， and to carry out effective health education and visit for elderly patients， especially for newly treated patients， and to avoid treatment failure caused by irregular medication and interruption of treatment.

Background: To explore the associations of serum expressions of miR-499 and sex determining region Y-box 6 (SOX6) with major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

In order to accurately grasp the evolution laws and distribution characteristics of the overburden cracks in the mining of a single coal seam and coal seam group, physical similar simulation experiments, on-site drilling exploration, theoretical calculations and other methods are used to analyze the characteristics of overburden migration and fracture and the characteristics of mining cracks during coal mining. The research results show that under repeated mining conditions, stratified cracks and longitudinal cracks appear in overlying rocks accompanied by advanced cracks. In forming a structure of “goaf-workface” and “goaf-goaf-workface”, the overburden fissures experienced six dynamic cyclical stages of generation, expansion, closure, re-generation, penetration, and re-closure. The coal seams group forms a “trapezoidal” fissure area during a mining. Under secondary and multiple mining operations, the overburden is affected by the overlying load. The influence of the “cantilever beam” formed by the coal pillars at the boundary of the coal seam and the mining of the lower coal seam makes the fissures on both sides of the working face significantly higher than the middle of the working face, and the overlying rock forms an “M”-shaped fissure distribution pattern. The overburden rock is periodically broken under the influence of mining, and deformation, migration and fracture collapse occur simultaneously in single or multi-rock strata. It can be seen that there is a hard rock layer that controls the upper rock layer and its control rock layer moves and breaks simultaneously in the form of composite beams. According to the fracture characteristics of the overburden rock, a composite rock beam mechanical model based on the failure characteristics of the repeated mining of the Winkler elastic foundation coal seam group is established. The evolution height of the overburden rock fissures calculated from the model is similar to the height measured in the similar simulation experiment and the site, which shows that this model can be used as a basis for calculating the evolution height of overburden cracks in the shallow coal seams group that are repeatedly mined.