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The consumption of whole grain foods has positive significance for reducing grain loss and enhancing national health, which is a crucial direction for future developments in the food industry. However, current whole grain consumption in China falls far below recommended levels. This study analyzes the overall quantity, structure, and policy environment of whole grain food consumption in major countries across North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. It analyzes key factors influencing whole grain food consumption from the aspects of products, consumers, market and policy. In conclusion, great efforts should be made to raise consumer awareness regarding whole grain consumption, advance the processing technology of whole grain foods, and foster nutrition-oriented agriculture through policy initiatives. In this way, the way toward increased whole grain food consumption can be paved and the growth of the whole grain food industry can be promoted.

Chinese prepared dishes industry has developed rapidly in recent years. The industry of prepared Hunan cuisine started early. Till now, a complete standard system of Hunan cuisine industrialization has been constructed. The theory of shared Hunan cuisine has taken shape and is becoming a guideline for the development of chain Hunan cuisine. Home-style Hunan cuisine and chain Hunan cuisine have been regarded as the two main developmental directions. But the overall scale of prepared Hunan cuisine is not large. Based on the development history of Hunan cuisine, specially prepared Hunan cuisines, and related sharing of Hunan cuisine theories, experience and practices, this paper expounded the definition of prepared cuisine and cognitive differences among different cuisines. Eight core problems of the industry were analyzed, and corresponding countermeasures were put forward.

In the process of vegetable fermentation, the variety and quantity of microorganisms are complex and changeable. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), as the main power in the process of vegetable fermentation, participate in the regulation of various metabolic pathways and affect the formation of flavor. In this review, the changes of major flavor metabolites during vegetable fermentation and their internal relationship with the community structure and abundance of LAB were summarized, then the potential mechanism of LAB fermentation to produce flavor substances was discussed. Moreover, the application of LAB in vegetable fermentation was prospected.

In recent years, omics has received a lot of attention from researchers in the field of food and nutrition because of its prominent role in revealing the mechanisms of complex biochemical actions and macro-regulatory dynamic network systems in living organisms and has been applied to research in the field of food. This paper focuses on the application of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics in the food field from the basic concept of histology, which is expected to provide a theoretical basis and scientific guidance for the further use of histological tools for food ingredient control, quality improvement and safety mechanism analysis.

Objective： To establish a rapid qualitative and quantitative method for the adulteration of Camellia seed oil. Methods： The electronic nose technology combined with chemometrics was used to screen the difference variables based on one-way ANOVA. The qualitative model for identification of adulteration types of camellia seed oil was established through principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA). A quantitative model for identifying the types and degrees of camellia seed oil adulteration was established using orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS). Results： The R2 of the model was over 0.98, the RMSEE was lower than 0.005, and the RMSECV was lower than 0.01, which had the high performance indicators. Through external verification, the qualitative identification rate of DA model for camellia seed oil samples of different adulteration types was as high as 100%, and OPLS model had good accuracy. Conclusion： The electronic nose technology combined with chemometrics could realize the rapid and nondestructive identification of camellia seed oil adulteration.

The main active ingredients in lotus leaves were introduced in this review, including flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oils, terpenoids, polysaccharides, and organic acids. The pharmacological functions of lotus leaves, such as lipid-lowering and anti-obesity activities, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, and blood-lowering activities, protective effects of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, and liver, and anti-tumor activity were also summarized. The relative research and application were prospected in order to provide references for the comprehensive utilization of lotus leaf resources.

At present, most hydrogels used in the food industry are natural polymers, with poor mechanical properties and high moisture content, which is easy to be contaminated by microorganisms, making it difficult to meet the use needs. In recent years, new composite hydrogels loaded with active substances prepared from natural and synthetic polymers or modified natural polymers have been increasingly used in the food field.. Starting from the preparation method of composite hydrogels, this paper introduces its application status in food packaging materials, fat and starch substitution, bioactive molecule delivery, rapid detection of microorganisms, and prospects the development trend of composite hydrogels in the food industry.

Objectives: Vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL) is a precancerous lesion of laryngeal cancer, and its endoscopic diagnosis poses challenges. We aim to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model using white light imaging (WLI) and narrow‐band imaging (NBI) to distinguish benign from malignant VFL. Methods: A total of 7057 images from 426 patients were used for model development and internal validation. Additionally, 1617 images from two other hospitals were used for model external validation. Modeling learning based on WLI and NBI modalities was conducted using deep learning combined with a multi‐instance learning approach (MIL). Furthermore, 50 prospectively collected videos were used to evaluate real‐time model performance. A human‐machine comparison involving 100 patients and 12 laryngologists assessed the real‐world effectiveness of the model. Results: The model achieved the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.868 and 0.884 in the internal and external validation sets, respectively. AUC in the video validation set was 0.825 (95% CI: 0.704–0.946). In the human‐machine comparison, AI significantly improved AUC and accuracy for all laryngologists (p < 0.05). With the assistance of AI, the diagnostic abilities and consistency of all laryngologists improved. Conclusions: Our multicenter study developed an effective AI model using MIL and fusion of WLI and NBI images for VFL diagnosis, particularly aiding junior laryngologists. However, further optimization and validation are necessary to fully assess its potential impact in clinical settings. Level of Evidence: 3 Laryngoscope, 134:4321–4328, 2024 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Algae biocathodes have become one of the most sustainable replacements for abiotic cathodes which were expensive and had toxic chemical oxidant by-products. In this study, a pure culture of Chlorella vulgaris from a photobioreactor was pumped into a photosynthetic microbial desalination cell to treat real landfill leachate (had undergone physical treatment) under varying ‘factor-conditions (FC)’ to embark on a factor-performance relation (FPR) study. This aimed at determining the relationship between operating factors and to depict the most favourable conditions (and range) in order to boost the overall performance of the reactor/cell. Three groups of FC (A, B and C) were adapted, in that, under FC A external resistance was varied, FC B varied pumping rate and FC C varied temperature, light intensity and dissolved oxygen under conditions flow and recirculation mode. Results showed 95% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, a maximum power density of 121.57 mWm−2 (anodic volume) and an average desalination rate of 3.93 mg/L/h. The varying results at different FC showed the significant impact of operating conditions on performance. Algae biocathodes also proved to be an essential benefit in boosting the sustainable application of microbial desalination cells (MDCs) in wastewater and landfill pre-treatment as well as the generation of bioenergy.

Visible‐light sensitive and bi‐functionally favored CO2 reduction (CRR)/evolution (CER) photocathode catalysts that can get rid of the utilization of ultraviolet light and improve sluggish kinetics is demanded to conquer the current technique‐barrier of traditional Li‐CO2 battery. Here, a kind of redox molecular junction sp2c metal‐covalent organic framework (i.e. Cu3‐BTDE‐COF) has been prepared through the connection between Cu3 and BTDE and can serve as efficient photocathode catalyst in light‐assisted Li‐CO2 battery. Cu3‐BTDE‐COF with redox‐ability, visible‐light‐adsorption region, electron‐hole separation ability and endows the photocathode with excellent round‐trip efficiency (95.2 %) and an ultralow voltage hysteresis (0.18 V), outperforming the Schiff base COFs (i.e. Cu3‐BTDA‐COF and Cu3‐DT‐COF) and majority of the reported photocathode catalysts. Combined theoretical calculations with characterizations, Cu3‐BTDE‐COF with the integration of Cu3 centers, thiazole and cyano groups possess strong CO2 adsorption/activation and Li+ interaction/diffusion ability to boost the CRR/CER kinetics and related battery property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In December 2022, the American Academy of Pediatrics released a clinical guideline for point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The guideline outlined the development and current status of POCUS in the NICU, and summarized the key elements and implementation guidelines for successful implementation of POCUS in the NICU. This article provides an overview of the key points of the clinical guideline and analyzes the current status of POCUS in China, providing a reference for the implementation of POCUS in neonatal care in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]