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As an emerging technical means, high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) of crops aims to quickly and accurately reveal the relationship between crop traits and genes as well as environment by analyzing a large amount of phenotypic data, thereby optimizing breeding efficiency and accuracy, and improving crop yield and quality, solving the problem of increased demand for food in the context of increasing global population and environmental deterioration. After analyzing the key technical architecture of HTP of crops, the methods and shortcomings of collecting, sorting and analyzing crop phenotypic information are explained from the aspects of sensors, multi-scale observation and big data mining. On this basis, the main application areas of crop phenotyping analysis in recent years were reviewed. The study confirmed that crop HTP analysis is an effective tool for quantifying crop traits, monitoring crop growth, optimizing field management, and improving breeding efficiency. However, there is potential for the improvement of its application performance. Finally, the challenges, optimization solutions, broad prospects and future development trends of HTP phenotyping of crops were discussed. It shows that there are still challenges in data processing and analysis, cross-species, cross-organization, and cross-environment applications. However, with the increasing development of cutting-edge technologies such as cloud big data processing platforms and artificial intelligence, which have great advantages in processing large-volume and high-complexity data, combined with biotechnology and genomics research methods, HTP of crops will play a pivotal role in combating food shortages caused by global environmental changes and population increase.

To improve the mechanical behaviour of traditional reinforcement concrete (RC) column, a novel prefabricated engineered cementitious composite (ECC)–reinforced concrete composite (ECC shell–C) column was proposed in this study. Subsequently, five prefabricated ECC shell–C columns, as well as one cast–in–place (CIP) RC column and one CIP pure ECC column, were designed and manufactured. Then, axial compression tests were carried out to explore their mechanical behaviour with considering the effect of the ECC shell thickness t and stirrup ratio ρv. On this basis, a numerical analysis method for the composite column was developed and verified. And numerical parametric study was carried out to clarify the influence of the design parameters on the axial compression behaviour of the prefabricated ECC shell–RC columns, including the compressive strength of ECC (fc,ecc) and concrete (fc), as well as the longitudinal reinforcement ratio (ρs). The experimental and numerical results demonstrated that the ECC shell can improve cracking resistance, ductility capacity and energy dissipation capacity of the RC column. The accumulated energy dissipation and ductility coefficient of the prefabricated ECC shell–RC columns with different t was 2.13–2.46 times and 1.14–1.35 times greater than those of the RC column, respectively. The ρv had small influence on the bearing capacity of the prefabricated ECC shell–RC columns, which can be appropriately reduced in practical application. The numerical analysis method considering the confinement effect of ECC shell can provide reliable prediction for the axial compression behaviour of prefabricated ECC shell–RC columns. fc,ecc and fc have the positive influence on the bearing capacity of the prefabricated ECC shell–RC columns but have negative influence on the ductility; meanwhile a moderately lower ρs will not significantly reduce the ductility.

Based on literature research, specimen identification and field investigation, we systematically cleared up the early researches of Sedum L. and conducted an overview for the species diversity of Sedum in Guangxi. There are 17 species were confirmed, among which six species were newly recorded. The research brief histories of Sedum taxonomy in Guangxi were summarized, information for S. polytrichoides Hemsl. was revised. Six newly recorded species of Sedum were reported here, which were S. leblancae Hamet., S. lipingense R. B. Zhang, D. Tan & R. X. Wei, S. lungtsuanense S. H. Fu, S. makinoi Maxim., S. subtile Miq., S. tosaense Makino, and the morphological feature diagnosis and color photographs for these newly recorded species were provided. The species diversity and the potential utilization of Sedum in Guangxi were discussed, and key for species and the distribution of each taxa in Guangxi were provided. This study provides background information for the subsequent research and utilization of this genus.

To study how varying the parameters of expansion joints and bearing supports (E-B parameters) affects the dynamic response of a coupled vehicle–bridge system for curved girder bridges, a dynamic response analysis method for the coupled vehicle–joint (bearing)–bridge system, which takes into account centrifugal forces, was proposed and verified. Subsequently, taking a continuous curved box girder bridge as the prototype, the influence of the E-B parameters on the vehicle-induced dynamic response of the curved girder bridge was explored. The results showed that the dynamic amplification factor (DAF) of the middle beam of the expansion joint (DAF-EJ) and the main girder of the curved bridge (DAF-MG) were both significantly influenced by the E-B parameters. When there were height differences between the middle beam and side beam in the EJ, the DAF-EJ obviously varied, and the DAF-MG increased. When the EJ was damaged, the impact effect of the vehicle on the bearing support increased. The DAF-EJ and DAF-MG both increased with the decrease of the vertical support stiffness of the bearing support. The DAF-EJ was greatly affected by the single-support void at the near-slit end of the lane. The DAF-MGs at the beam end, the 1/4 point and 1/2 point of the first span, and the 1/2 point of the second span, were significantly affected by the single-support void near the measuring point. Compared with the single-support void, the DAF-EJ and DAF-MG more significantly increased under the double-support void. Variation in the height difference of the EJ had a more significant effect on the DAF-EJ and DAF-MG at the beam end, while a vertical stiffness reduction in the bearing support had a more significant effect on the DAF-MG.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of survival in intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma (IGA) and set up prediction model for the prediction of survival of patients diagnosed with IGA.Design A retrospective cohort study.Setting and participants A total of 2232 patients with IGA who came from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.Primary and secondary outcome measures Patients’ overall survival (OS) rate and cancer-specific survival (CSS) at the end of follow-up.Results Of the total population, 25.72% survived, 54.93% died of IGA and 19.35% died of other causes. The median survival time of patients was 25 months. The result showed that age, race, stage group, T stage, N stage, M stage, grade, tumour size, radiotherapy, number of lymph nodes removed and gastrectomy were independent prognostic factors of OS risk for patients with IGA; age, race, race, stage group, T stage, N stage, M stage, grade, radiotherapy and gastrectomy were associated with CSS risk for patients with IGA. In view of these prognostic factors, we developed two prediction models for predicting the OS and CSS risk for patients with IGA separately. For the developed OS-related prediction model, the C-index was 0.750 (95% CI: 0.740 to 0.760) in the training set, corresponding to 0.753 (95% CI: 0.736 to 0.770) in the testing set. Likewise, for the developed CSS-related prediction model, the C-index was 0.781 (95% CI: 0.770 to 0.793) in the training set, corresponding to 0.785 (95% CI: 0.766 to 0.803) in the testing set. The calibration curves of the training set and testing set revealed a good agreement between model predictions in the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival for patients with IGA and actual observations.Conclusion Combining demographic and clinicopathological features, two prediction models were developed to predict the risk of OS and CSS in patients with IGA, respectively. Both models have good predictive performance.

Abstract The MR/FI bimodal imaging has attracted widely studied due to combining the advantages of MRI and FI can bridge gaps in sensitivity and depth between these two modalities. Herein, a novel MR/FI bimodal imaging probe is facile fabricated by coating the Mn-phenolic coordination polymer on the surface of the carbon quantum dots. The structure of the as-prepared nanocomposite probe is carefully validated via SEM, TEM, and XPS. The content of Mn2+ is calculated through the EDS and TGA. The quantum yield (QY) and emission wavelength of the probe are about 7.24% and 490 nm, respectively. The longitudinal r1 value (2.43 mM−1 s−1) with low r2/r1 (4.45) of the probe is obtained. Subsequently, fluorescence and MR imaging are performed. The metabolic pathways in vivo are inferred by studying the bio-distribution of the probe in major organs. Thus, these results indicate that probe would be an excellent dual-modal imaging probe for enhanced MR imaging and fluorescence imaging. MR/FI bimodal imaging probe is built via in-situ coated Mn-phenolic coordination polymer on the surface of the carbon quantum dots. The in vitro and vivo image property of the probe is evaluated.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy and imaging outcomes of unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) with unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression (ULBD) in the treatment of severe lumbar spinal stenosis (SLSS).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 50 patients with SLSS treated with UBE-ULBD from October 2018 to March 2021. Visual analog scale (VAS) for back and legs pain, Oswestry disability index (ODI), modified Macnab criteria, complications, hospital stay, preoperative and postoperative dural sac cross-sectional area (DSCA) and Schizas grade, mean angle of facetectomy and osseous lateral recess decompression rate were examined.ResultsThe mean follow-up period was 10.7 months. The mean hospital stay was 2.76 ± 1.02 days. At the final follow-up, VAS for back pain and legs pain decreased from 7.22 ± 0.95 to 1.26 ± 0.44 and from 7.88 ± 0.69 to 1.18 ± 0.39, respectively; ODI decreased from 69.88 ± 6.32% to 14.96 ± 2.75%. According to the modified Macnab criteria, the results were excellent in 24 (48%), good in 22 (44%), and fair in 4 (8%). Excellent or good results (a satisfactory outcome) were obtained in 92% of the patients. There were 2 cases of complications of dural sac tear. The postoperative DSCA was significantly enlarged compared with that before surgery, from 44.74 ± 9.85 to 126.86 ± 14.81 mm2. According to Schizas grade, the stenosis grade changes from preoperative grade C in 16 cases, grade D in 34 cases, to postoperative grade A in 40 cases, and grade B in 10 cases. The mean angle of facetectomy of the ipsilateral facet joint was 70.87 ± 5.68∘, contralateral was 65.07 ± 4.98∘. The decompression rate was 70.81 ± 4.43% (ipsilateral side) and 71.22 ± 3.68% (contralateral).ConclusionsUBE-ULBD has a good clinical effect in the treatment of SLSS, and has achieved satisfactory results in spinal canal enlargement, undercutting of facet joints, and decompression effect. It is a safe and effective surgical for SLSS.

Particle dampers (PD) are safe, economical, and effective energy-dissipation devices for structures. However, the additional mass of PD must be sufficiently large to provide a better damping effect, and the initial movement condition of particles has a significant impact on the damping effect of PD. In this study, a particle-inertial damper (PID) is proposed to overcome these problems, and its mechanical model is established with and without considering particle collision. Subsequently, the influence of particle rolling friction and particle collision on the inertial amplification capacity as well as the dynamic response of a single degree of freedom (SDOF) structure with non-collision and collision PID (SDOF-PID) are systematically analysed. Finally, the control effects of a PID and a tuned mass damper (TMD) are compared based on two typical optimisation methods. The results indicate that particle rolling friction has little influence on the inertia amplification effect of a PID and the displacement response of a SDOF-PID. Under harmonic excitation, particle collision significantly affects the damping mechanism of a PID by its equivalent inertia coefficient, equivalent damping coefficient, and equivalent stiffness coefficient. The fixed-point theory and ‘performance-cost’ theory can be used to optimise the PID to a certain extent. The damping effect of a PID on the SDOF under the most severe seismic excitation is better than that of the PID under white noise excitation. With respect to the decreasing ratio of 40~50%, the additional mass of the PID is only one thousandth that of the TMD under the same damping capacity demand.

The possibility of blast impact loads acting on bridge structures is gradually increasing. The local and entire explosion response law of a concrete box girder bridge is still unclear, and anti-explode devices for reducing the entire explosion response of a bridge are scarce. In this study, a rotational inertia particle damper (R-IPD) and a 1:4 scale model of a typical three-span continuous-girder bridge were designed and manufactured. Subsequently, an explosion test of the bridge model with and without R-IPDs was conducted. The results showed that the local dynamic response (LDR) of the bridge model was more likely to occur under an explosion load. The local overpressure, strain, and acceleration responses of the box girder near the explosion centre were more significant than those at other locations or of other components. Moreover, the LDR of the box girder was similar in the middle and side spans. As the explosive equivalent (EE) increased, the entire displacement response (EDR) of the model bridge increased. Under the same EE conditions, a larger span suffered a larger EDR. After the R-IPD installation, the EDR of the bridge model decreased. Furthermore, the damping effect of the R-IPDs on the EDR of the bridge model increased with an increase in the EE, and the maximum vibration reduction rate was up to 12%. However, the damping effect of the R-IPDs on the LDR of the model bridge was not obvious. The damping effect of the R-IPDs depended on the relative displacement between the two ends of the damper and exhibited obvious hysteresis.

A double-layer tuned mass damper (DTMD) has advantages of wide damping frequency band and strong robustness. At present, there is a lack of seismic design methods for high-rise structures based on DTMDs. In this study, a DTMD parameter optimisation method was proposed, with the objective of minimising the peak displacement response of a first N-order vibration modal with a vibration mass participation factor of 85%. Then, a scale model of a high-rise structure was fabricated, along with a corresponding DTMD. Different types of excitations were chosen to clarify the dynamic responses of the model with and without the DTMD, including Site-II ground motions, long-period (LP) ground motions without pulses, and near-fault pulse-type (NFPT) ground motions. The results indicate that the dynamic responses of high-rise structures under LP and NFPT ground motions are much greater than those under Site-II ground motions. The DTMD can effectively reduce the absolute displacement response, acceleration response, and strain response at the top floor of the test model. However, the DTMD has a time delay in providing the damping effect. A smaller damping ratio between the upper TMD and the controlled structure will lead to a more significant damping effect for the DTMD.

Abstract Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a huge medical problem nowadays as there is no hospital providing the versatile strategies for repairing central nervous system and restoring function. Herein, we focused on PC-12 cells as an important research tool and studied the potential role of resveratrol (RSV) in inflammation induced by LPS. Results RSV improved inflammatory injury and functional recovery in rat model of SCI. RSV inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory injury in PC-12 cells via increasing viability, decreasing apoptosis, and suppressing IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α expression. miR-132 was down-regulated after LPS treatment but up-regulated after RSV administration. miR-132 silence curbed the protective effect of RSV. The results including increase of cell growth, suppression of inflammatory response, and blocking of NF-κB and p38MAPK pathways produced by RSV were all reversed by miR-132 silence. Conclusion RSV could up-regulate miR-132 and further ameliorate inflammatory response in PC-12 cells by inhibiting NF-κB and p38MAPK pathways.

The purpose of this study is to improve the properties of the feedstocks and shape retention of debinded parts by the reaction between 17-4PH stainless steel powders. Carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester (CTHP) and epoxy-terminated hyperbranched polyester (ETHP) were used to treat the powders, and termed as CTHP-m and ETHP-m with carboxyl and epoxy group, respectively. Comparing with pristine, CTHP-m and ETHP-m, feedstock prepared from equal amount of CTHP-m and ETHP-m (CTHP-m/ETHP-m) possessed more excellent properties. The experimental results showed that the critical solids loading, flexural modulus, density and melt flow index of CTHP-m/ETHP-m feedstock were 63.8 vol.%, 2800 Mpa, 5.06 g cm ^−3 and 62 g/10 min, respectively, which were obviously higher than that of others. Also, the shape retention of CTHP-m/ETHP-m debinded parts was the best of all the samples. The improved properties of CTHP-m/ETHP-m feedstock were attributed to the powder interaction between CTHP-m and ETHP-m formed by the chemical reaction between epoxy and carboxyl group.

In this paper, end-hydroxy fumaryl chloride-diol copolyesters (EHFDCP) with different double bond contents were prepared by the reaction of fumaryl chloride and diols. The molecular weight of the target hydroxy polyesters was controlled to be essentially the same, EHFDCP prepared from 1,8-octanediol, 1,5-pentanediol and ethylene glycol named EHFDCP-1, EHFDCP-2 and EHFDCP-3, respectively. The UV-induced adhesion-reducing adhesives (ARA) were prepared with EHFDCP, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), chain extender and photoinitiator. The ARA-1, ARA-2 and ARA-3 were produced by EHFDCP-1, EHFDCP-2 and EHFDCP-3, respectively. After UV curing, all the surfaces of ARA-1, ARA-2, and ARA-3 had a high number of concave and convex areas, which helped to reduce the contact area between the adhesive and the substrate surface. The surface roughness of ARA-2 is the highest and the adhesion reduction effect is the most significant. The higher surface roughness of ARA-2 came from moderate double bond content and crosslinking density. With the increasing photoinitiator content, the 180° peel strength after UV curing decreased. The 180° peel strength of ARA-2 was reduced to 0.16 N/25 mm at 4 wt% of photoinitiator content, and it also had a high initial 180° peel strength of 18.55 N/25 mm due to the absence of small molecule polyfunctional monomers.

High integration and miniaturization of electronic systems require thermal conductivity and mechanical damping materials. In this study, hexagonal boron nitride ( h BN) particles were modified by vinyltrimethoxysilane (V171) and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (N3116) for comparing, and described as V171- h BN and N3116- h BN, respectively. The pristine and surface modified h BN were filled in vinylmethylpolysiloxane (VMQ), and then vulcanized to fabricate h BN/silicone rubber composites. The damping properties of V171- h BN/silicone rubber composites were significantly higher than that of pristine h BN/silicone rubber composites, while N3116- h BN/silicone rubber composites were in contrast. The strong interfacial action in V171- h BN/silicone rubber composites came from the chemical bond by vinyl groups on the surface of V171- h BN taking part in the vulcanization of VMQ. This strong interfacial action led the deformation of h BN, and the internal friction between layers of h BN significantly increased to dissipate more energy. As a result, V171- h BN/silicone rubber composites with excellent damping and thermal conductivity as well as good mechanical properties were obtained.

Boron-containing phenyl silicone oil (BCPSO) with terminal boronic hydroxyl groups was synthesized by acid-catalyzed balance condensation polymerization using phenylboric acid, dimethyldichlorosilane and diphenyldichlorosilane as raw materials. The structure of BCPSO was characterized by ^1 H, ^13 C and ^29 Si nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). The thermal degradation behavior of BCPSO was tested by thermogravimetry-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR) analysis. The TG-FTIR results indicated that thermal decomposition of BCPSO had significant hysteresis over that of phenyl silicone oil. The empty electron orbital of boron atom could accept electron of peroxide free radical to generate conjugation effect at initial degradation stage of BCPSO, and this phenomenon was confirmed by ^11 B NMR, FTIR and Raman spectroscopies. As a result, temporarily stable intermediate was formed which increased the heat resistant of BCPSO.

SiO _2 particles were modified by γ -aminopropyltriethoxy silane (KH550) and γ -(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxy silane (KH560) in sequence to prepare SiO _2 particles with silicone-methoxy groups on surface (SiO _2 -s-Si(OCH _3 ) _3 ). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the modified SiO _2 particles. The SiO _2 -s-Si(OCH _3 ) _3 particles and tetramethoxysilane were used to co-cure hydroxyl silicone oil. The strong interfacial interactions between silicone rubber and fillers, which came from hydrolyzed SiO _2 -s-Si(OCH _3 ) _3 particles in situ reacting with hydroxyl silicone oil, had a great effect on the properties of composites. The mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, dielectric strength and volume resistivity of SiO _2 -s-Si(OCH _3 ) _3 /silicone rubber composites were considerably higher than that of pristine SiO _2 /silicone rubber composites at the same content of SiO _2 , while the dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent of SiO _2 -s-Si(OCH _3 ) _3 /silicone rubber composites was lower than that of pristine SiO _2 /silicone rubber composites at the same content of SiO _2 .

The title compound, C30H28N2, is a product of the condensation reaction of 2-methyl-4-phenylaniline and butane-2,3-dione. The molecule lies on a crystallographic inversion centre. The C=N bond has an E conformation. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings of the 4-phenyl-2-methylphenyl group is 29.19 (76)°. The 1,4-diazabutadiene plane makes an angle of 70.1 (10)° with the N-bonded methylphenyl ring and an angle of 81.08 (97)° with the terminal phenyl group.

The complex molecule in the title compound, [NiBr2(C36H40N2)], has mirror symmetry. The NiII atom and two Br atoms are located on the mirror plane. The NiII atom is four-coordinated by the two Br atoms and two N atoms from an N,N′-bis(2,6-diethyl-4-phenylphenyl)butane-2,3-diimine ligand in a distorted tetrahedral geometry. The dihedral angle formed between the two adjacent benzene rings is 47.1 (1)°.