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1. Phylogenomic analysis of a 55.1 kb 19-gene dataset resolves a monophyletic Fusarium that includes the Fusarium solani Species Complex

Author

Geiser, D. M., Al-Hatmi, A., Aoki, T., Arie, T., Balmas, V., Barnes, I., Bergstrom, G. C, Bhattacharyya, M. K. K., Blomquist, C. L., Bowden, R., Brankovics, B., Guarro, J., Ward, T., Wickes, B., Everts, K. L., Wiederhold, N. P., Wingfield, M. J., Wood, A. K. M., Xu, J. R., Carrillo, J. D., Yang, X. B., Scauflaire, J., Yli-Matilla, T., Gugino, B., Yun, S. H., Zakaria, L., Zhang, H., Fernández-Pavía, S. P., Zhang, N., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Chang, H. X., Kim, H., Chen, C. Y., Chen, W., Gutiérrez, S., Chilvers, M. I., Chulze, S. N., Coleman, J. J., Cuomo, C. A., da Silva, G. F., de Beer, Z. W., de Hoog, G. S., Kistler, H. C., Del Castillo-Múnera, J., Del Ponte, E., Dieguez-Uribeondo, Javier, Hammond-Kosack, K., Di Pietro, A., Edel-Hermann, V., Elmer, W. H., Foroud, N. A., Fourie, G., Frandsen, R. J. N., Nucci, M., Freeman, S., Munaut, F., Freitag, Michael, Frenkel, O., Harris, L. J., Fuller, K. K., Gagkaeva, T., Gardiner, D. M., Glenn, A. E., Gold, S., Kuldau, G. A., Gordon, T., Gregory, N. F., Gryzenhout, M., Homa, M., Hong, C. F., Hornok, L., Huang, J. W., Burgess, L. W., Ilkit, M., Nicholson, P., Kulik, T., Jacobs, A., Jacobs, K., Jiang, C., Jiménez-Gasco, M. Mar, Kang, S., Kasson, M. T., Kazan, K., Kennell, J. C., Kurzai, O., Laraba, I., Laurence, M. H., Lee, T. Y., Eskalen, A., Lee, Y. W., Schmale, D. III., Lee, Y. H., Leslie, J. F., Liew, E. C. Y., O'Donnell, K., Lofton, L. W., Logrieco, A., López-Berges, M. S., Luque, A. G., Tortorano, A. M., Lysøe, E., Ma, L. J., Short, D. P., Marra, R. E., Martin, Frank N., May, S. R., McCormick, S., Pasquali, M., McGee, C. T., Meis, J. F., Urban, M., Migheli, Q., Mohamed Nor, N. M. I., Monod, M., Šišic, A., Moretti, A., Mostert, D., Mulé, G., Pfenning, L. H., Prigitano, A., Proctor, R., Busman, M., Ranque, S., Brown, D. W., Rehner, S., Rep, M., Smith, J., Rodríguez-Alvarado, G., Rose, L. J., Roth, M. G., Ruiz-Roldán, C., Saleh, A. A., Vaillancourt, L. J., Salleh, B., Sang, H., Scandiani, M., Smyth, C. W., Son, H., Spahr, E., Stajich, Jason E., Epstein, L., Steenkamp, Emma, Bushley, K., Vallad, G. E., Steinberg, C., Subramaniam, R., Suga, H., Summerell, B. A., Susca, A., Swett, C. L., Toomajian, C., Torres-Cruz, T. J., van der Lee, T., Vanderpool, D., van Diepeningen, A. D., Vaughan, M., Munkvold, G. P., Venter, E., Esposto, M. C., Vermeulen, M., Verweij, P. E., Viljoen, A., Cano-Lira, J. F., Waalwijk, C., Wallace, E. C., Walther, G., Wang, J., Geiser, D. M., Al-Hatmi, A., Aoki, T., Arie, T., Balmas, V., Barnes, I., Bergstrom, G. C, Bhattacharyya, M. K. K., Blomquist, C. L., Bowden, R., Brankovics, B., Guarro, J., Ward, T., Wickes, B., Everts, K. L., Wiederhold, N. P., Wingfield, M. J., Wood, A. K. M., Xu, J. R., Carrillo, J. D., Yang, X. B., Scauflaire, J., Yli-Matilla, T., Gugino, B., Yun, S. H., Zakaria, L., Zhang, H., Fernández-Pavía, S. P., Zhang, N., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Chang, H. X., Kim, H., Chen, C. Y., Chen, W., Gutiérrez, S., Chilvers, M. I., Chulze, S. N., Coleman, J. J., Cuomo, C. A., da Silva, G. F., de Beer, Z. W., de Hoog, G. S., Kistler, H. C., Del Castillo-Múnera, J., Del Ponte, E., Dieguez-Uribeondo, Javier, Hammond-Kosack, K., Di Pietro, A., Edel-Hermann, V., Elmer, W. H., Foroud, N. A., Fourie, G., Frandsen, R. J. N., Nucci, M., Freeman, S., Munaut, F., Freitag, Michael, Frenkel, O., Harris, L. J., Fuller, K. K., Gagkaeva, T., Gardiner, D. M., Glenn, A. E., Gold, S., Kuldau, G. A., Gordon, T., Gregory, N. F., Gryzenhout, M., Homa, M., Hong, C. F., Hornok, L., Huang, J. W., Burgess, L. W., Ilkit, M., Nicholson, P., Kulik, T., Jacobs, A., Jacobs, K., Jiang, C., Jiménez-Gasco, M. Mar, Kang, S., Kasson, M. T., Kazan, K., Kennell, J. C., Kurzai, O., Laraba, I., Laurence, M. H., Lee, T. Y., Eskalen, A., Lee, Y. W., Schmale, D. III., Lee, Y. H., Leslie, J. F., Liew, E. C. Y., O'Donnell, K., Lofton, L. W., Logrieco, A., López-Berges, M. S., Luque, A. G., Tortorano, A. M., Lysøe, E., Ma, L. J., Short, D. P., Marra, R. E., Martin, Frank N., May, S. R., McCormick, S., Pasquali, M., McGee, C. T., Meis, J. F., Urban, M., Migheli, Q., Mohamed Nor, N. M. I., Monod, M., Šišic, A., Moretti, A., Mostert, D., Mulé, G., Pfenning, L. H., Prigitano, A., Proctor, R., Busman, M., Ranque, S., Brown, D. W., Rehner, S., Rep, M., Smith, J., Rodríguez-Alvarado, G., Rose, L. J., Roth, M. G., Ruiz-Roldán, C., Saleh, A. A., Vaillancourt, L. J., Salleh, B., Sang, H., Scandiani, M., Smyth, C. W., Son, H., Spahr, E., Stajich, Jason E., Epstein, L., Steenkamp, Emma, Bushley, K., Vallad, G. E., Steinberg, C., Subramaniam, R., Suga, H., Summerell, B. A., Susca, A., Swett, C. L., Toomajian, C., Torres-Cruz, T. J., van der Lee, T., Vanderpool, D., van Diepeningen, A. D., Vaughan, M., Munkvold, G. P., Venter, E., Esposto, M. C., Vermeulen, M., Verweij, P. E., Viljoen, A., Cano-Lira, J. F., Waalwijk, C., Wallace, E. C., Walther, G., and Wang, J.

Abstract

Scientific communication is facilitated by a data-driven, scientifically sound taxonomy that considers the end-user¿s needs and established successful practice. In 2013, the Fusarium community voiced near unanimous support for a concept of Fusarium that represented a clade comprising all agriculturally and clinically important Fusarium species, including the F. solani species complex (FSSC). Subsequently, this concept was challenged in 2015 by one research group who proposed dividing the genus Fusarium into seven genera, including the FSSC described as members of the genus Neocosmospora, with subsequent justification in 2018 based on claims that the 2013 concept of Fusarium is polyphyletic. Here, we test this claim and provide a phylogeny based on exonic nucleotide sequences of 19 orthologous protein-coding genes that strongly support the monophyly of Fusarium including the FSSC. We reassert the practical and scientific argument in support of a genus Fusarium that includes the FSSC and several other basal lineages, consistent with the longstanding use of this name among plant pathologists, medical mycologists, quarantine officials, regulatory agencies, students, and researchers with a stake in its taxonomy. In recognition of this monophyly, 40 species described as genus Neocosmospora were recombined in genus Fusarium, and nine others were renamed Fusarium. Here the global Fusarium community voices strong support for the inclusion of the FSSC in Fusarium, as it remains the best scientific, nomenclatural, and practical taxonomic option available

Published
2021

10. Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of mucormycosis: an initiative of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology in cooperation with the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium

Author

Cornely, O. A., Alastruey-Izquierdo, A., Arenz, D., Chen, S. C. A., Dannaoui, E., Hochhegger, B., Hoenigl, M., Jensen, H. E., Lagrou, K., Lewis, R. E., Mellinghoff, S. C., Mer, M., Pana, Z. D., Seidel, D., Sheppard, D. C., Wahba, R., Akova, M., Alanio, A., Al-Hatmi, A. M. S., Arikan-Akdagli, S., Badali, H., Ben-Ami, R., Bonifaz, A., Bretagne, S., Castagnola, E., Chayakulkeeree, M., Colombo, A. L., Corzo-Leon, D. E., Drgona, L., Groll, A. H., Guinea, J., Heussel, C. -P., Ibrahim, A. S., Kanj, S. S., Klimko, N., Lackner, M., Lamoth, F., Lanternier, F., Lass-Floerl, C., Lee, D. -G., Lehrnbecher, T., Lmimouni, B. E., Mares, M., Maschmeyer, G., Meis, J. F., Meletiadis, J., Morrissey, C. O., Nucci, M., Oladele, R., Pagano, L., Pasqualotto, A., Patel, A., Racil, Z., Richardson, M., Roilides, E., Ruhnke, M., Seyedmousavi, S., Sidharthan, N., Singh, N., Sinko, J., Skiada, A., Slavin, M., Soman, R., Spellberg, B., Steinbach, W., Tan, B. H., Ullmann, A. J., Vehreschild, J. J., Vehreschild, M. J. G. T., Walsh, T. J., White, P. L., Wiederhold, N. P., Zaoutis, T., Chakrabarti, A., Pagano L. (ORCID:0000-0001-8287-928X), Cornely, O. A., Alastruey-Izquierdo, A., Arenz, D., Chen, S. C. A., Dannaoui, E., Hochhegger, B., Hoenigl, M., Jensen, H. E., Lagrou, K., Lewis, R. E., Mellinghoff, S. C., Mer, M., Pana, Z. D., Seidel, D., Sheppard, D. C., Wahba, R., Akova, M., Alanio, A., Al-Hatmi, A. M. S., Arikan-Akdagli, S., Badali, H., Ben-Ami, R., Bonifaz, A., Bretagne, S., Castagnola, E., Chayakulkeeree, M., Colombo, A. L., Corzo-Leon, D. E., Drgona, L., Groll, A. H., Guinea, J., Heussel, C. -P., Ibrahim, A. S., Kanj, S. S., Klimko, N., Lackner, M., Lamoth, F., Lanternier, F., Lass-Floerl, C., Lee, D. -G., Lehrnbecher, T., Lmimouni, B. E., Mares, M., Maschmeyer, G., Meis, J. F., Meletiadis, J., Morrissey, C. O., Nucci, M., Oladele, R., Pagano, L., Pasqualotto, A., Patel, A., Racil, Z., Richardson, M., Roilides, E., Ruhnke, M., Seyedmousavi, S., Sidharthan, N., Singh, N., Sinko, J., Skiada, A., Slavin, M., Soman, R., Spellberg, B., Steinbach, W., Tan, B. H., Ullmann, A. J., Vehreschild, J. J., Vehreschild, M. J. G. T., Walsh, T. J., White, P. L., Wiederhold, N. P., Zaoutis, T., Chakrabarti, A., and Pagano L. (ORCID:0000-0001-8287-928X)

Abstract

Mucormycosis is a difficult to diagnose rare disease with high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis is often delayed, and disease tends to progress rapidly. Urgent surgical and medical intervention is lifesaving. Guidance on the complex multidisciplinary management has potential to improve prognosis, but approaches differ between health-care settings. From January, 2018, authors from 33 countries in all United Nations regions analysed the published evidence on mucormycosis management and provided consensus recommendations addressing differences between the regions of the world as part of the “One World One Guideline” initiative of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM). Diagnostic management does not differ greatly between world regions. Upon suspicion of mucormycosis appropriate imaging is strongly recommended to document extent of disease and is followed by strongly recommended surgical intervention. First-line treatment with high-dose liposomal amphotericin B is strongly recommended, while intravenous isavuconazole and intravenous or delayed release tablet posaconazole are recommended with moderate strength. Both triazoles are strongly recommended salvage treatments. Amphotericin B deoxycholate is recommended against, because of substantial toxicity, but may be the only option in resource limited settings. Management of mucormycosis depends on recognising disease patterns and on early diagnosis. Limited availability of contemporary treatments burdens patients in low and middle income settings. Areas of uncertainty were identified and future research directions specified.

Published
2019

11. Redefining Microascus, Scopulariopsis and allied genera

Author

Sandoval-Denis, M., Gene, J., Sutton, D. A., Cano-Lira, J. F., de Hoog, G. S., Decock, C. A., Wiederhold, N. P., Guarro, J., and Naturalis journals & series

Subjects
taxonomy, Ascomycota, Microascales, Microascaceae, multigene phylogeny
Abstract

The genera Microascus and Scopulariopsis comprise species commonly isolated from soil, decaying plant material and indoor environments. A few species are also recognised as opportunistic pathogens of insects and animals, including humans. In the past, the taxonomy of these fungi has been based on morphology only. With the aim to clarify the taxonomy and phylogeny of these fungi, we studied a large set of clinical and environmental isolates, including the available ex-type strains of numerous species, by means of morphological, physiological and molecular analyses. Species delineation was assessed under the Genealogical Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) criterion using DNA sequence data of four loci (ITS region, and fragments of rDNA LSU, translation elongation factor 1-α and β-tubulin). The genera Microascus and Scopulariopsis were found to be separated in two distinct lineages. The genus Pithoascus is reinstated and the new genus Pseudoscopulariopsis is erected, typified by P. schumacheri. Seven new species of Microascus and one of Scopulariopsis are described, namely M. alveolaris, M. brunneosporus, M. campaniformis, M. expansus, M. intricatus, M. restrictus, M. verrucosus and Scopulariopsis cordiae. Microascus trigonosporus var. macrosporus is accepted as a species distinct from M. trigonosporus. Nine new combinations are introduced. Microascus cinereus, M. longirostris, P. schumacheri and S. flava are neotypified. A table summarising the morphological features of the species treated and identification keys for each genus are provided.

Published
2016

12. Fungal Planet description sheets: 458–624

Author

Crous, P. W., Wingfield, M. J., Burgess, T.I., Hardy, G. E. St. J., Barber, P. A., Alvarado, P., Barnes, C. W., Buchanan, P. K., Heykoop, M., Moreno, G., Thangavel, R., Paloi, S., Pattison, N., Pawłowska, J., Pereira, O. L., Petterson, M. E., Picillo, B., Raj, K. N. A., Roberts, A., Rodríguez, A., Rodríguez Campo, F. J., Romański, M., Ruszkiewicz-Michalska, M., Scanu, B., Schena, L., Semelbauer, M., Sharma, R., Shouche, Y. S., Silva, V., Staniaszek-Kik, M., Stielow, J. B., Tapia, C., Taylor, P. W. J., Toome-Heller, M., Vabeikhokhei, J. M. C., van Diepeningen, A. D., van Hoa, N., Wiederhold, N. P., Wrzosek, M., Zothanzama, J., Groenewald, J.Z., van der Spuy, S., Barili, A., Barrett, S., Cacciola, S. O., Cano-Lira, J.F., Crane, C., Decock, C., Gibertoni, T. B., Guarro, J., Guevara-Suarez, M., Hubka, V., Kolařík, M., Lira, C. R. S., Ordoñez, M. E., Padamsee, M., Ryvarden, L., Soares, Adriene M., Stchigel, A. M., Sutton, D. A., Vizzini, A., Weir, B. S., Acharya, K., Aloi, F., Baseia, I.G., Blanchette, R. A., Bordallo, J. J., Bratek, Z., Butler, T., Cano-Canals, J., Carlavilla, J. R., Chander, J., Cheewangkoon, R., Cruz, R. H. S. F., da Silva, M., Dutta, A. K., Ercole, E., Escobio, V., Esteve-Raventós, F., Flores, J. A., Gené, J., Góis, J. S., Haines, L., Held, B. W., Jung, M. H., Hosaka, K., Jung, T., Jurjević, Željko, Kautman, V., Kautmanová, I., Kiyashko, A. A., Kozanek, M., Kubátová, A., Lafourcade, M., La Spada, F., Latha, K. P. D., Madrid, H., Malysheva, E. F., Manimohan, P., Manjón, J. L., Martín, María P., Mata, M., Merényi, Z., Morte, A., Nagy, I., and Normand, A. C.

Subjects
ITS nrDNA barcodes, LSU, education
Abstract

novel fungal species systematics

Published
2016

13. Fungal planet description sheets: 400–468

Author

Crous, P. W., Wingfield, M. J., Richardson, D. M., Le Roux, J. J., Strasberg, D., Edwards, J., Roets, F., Hubka, V., Taylor, P. W.J., Heykoop, M., Martín, M. P., Moreno, G., Sutton, D. A., Wiederhold, N. P., Barnes, C. W., Carlavilla, J. R., Gené, J., Giraldo, A., Guarnaccia, V., Guarro, J., Hernández-Restrepo, M., Kolařík, M., Manjón, J. L., Pascoe, I. G., Popov, E. S., Sandoval-Denis, M., Woudenberg, J. H.C., Acharya, K., Alexandrova, A. V., Alvarado, P., Barbosa, R. N., Baseia, I. G., Blanchette, R. A., Boekhout, T., Burgess, T. I., Cano-Lira, J. F., Čmoková, A., Dimitrov, R. A., Dyakov, M. Yu, Dueñas, M., Dutta, A. K., Esteve-Raventós, F., Fedosova, A. G., Fournier, J., Gamboa, P., Groenewald, M., Lombard, L., Silva, G. A., Smith, M. Th, Groenewald, J. Z., Crous, P. W., Wingfield, M. J., Richardson, D. M., Le Roux, J. J., Strasberg, D., Edwards, J., Roets, F., Hubka, V., Taylor, P. W.J., Heykoop, M., Martín, M. P., Moreno, G., Sutton, D. A., Wiederhold, N. P., Barnes, C. W., Carlavilla, J. R., Gené, J., Giraldo, A., Guarnaccia, V., Guarro, J., Hernández-Restrepo, M., Kolařík, M., Manjón, J. L., Pascoe, I. G., Popov, E. S., Sandoval-Denis, M., Woudenberg, J. H.C., Acharya, K., Alexandrova, A. V., Alvarado, P., Barbosa, R. N., Baseia, I. G., Blanchette, R. A., Boekhout, T., Burgess, T. I., Cano-Lira, J. F., Čmoková, A., Dimitrov, R. A., Dyakov, M. Yu, Dueñas, M., Dutta, A. K., Esteve-Raventós, F., Fedosova, A. G., Fournier, J., Gamboa, P., Groenewald, M., Lombard, L., Silva, G. A., Smith, M. Th, and Groenewald, J. Z.

Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Australia: Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti, Mulderomyces natalis (incl. Mulderomyces gen. nov.), Fusicladium paraamoenum, Neotrimmatostroma paraexcentricum, and Pseudophloeospora eucalyptorum on leaves of Eucalyptus spp., Anungitea grevilleae (on leaves of Grevillea sp.), Pyrenochaeta acaciae (on leaves of Acacia sp.), and Brunneocarpos banksiae (incl. Brunneocarpos gen. nov.) on cones of Banksia attenuata. Novel foliicolous taxa from South Africa include Neosulcatispora strelitziae (on Strelitzia nicolai), Colletotrichum ledebouriae (on Ledebouria floridunda), Cylindrosympodioides brabejum (incl. Cylindrosympodioides gen. nov.) on Brabejum stellatifolium, Sclerostagonospora ericae (on Erica sp.), Setophoma cyperi (on Cyperus sphaerocephala), and Phaeosphaeria breonadiae (on Breonadia microcephala). Novelties described from Robben Island (South Africa) include Wojnowiciella cissampeli and Diaporthe cissampeli (both on Cissampelos capensis), Phaeotheca salicorniae (on Salicornia meyeriana), Paracylindrocarpon aloicola (incl. Paracylindrocarpon gen. nov.) on Aloe sp., and Libertasomyces myopori (incl. Libertasomyces gen. nov.) on Myoporum serratum. Several novelties are recorded from La Réunion (France), namely Phaeosphaeriopsis agapanthi (on Agapanthus sp.), Roussoella solani (on Solanum mauritianum), Vermiculariopsiella acaciae (on Acacia heterophylla), Dothiorella acacicola (on Acacia mearnsii), Chalara clidemiae (on Clidemia hirta), Cytospora tibouchinae (on Tibouchina semidecandra), Diaporthe ocoteae (on Ocotea obtusata), Castanediella eucalypticola, Phaeophleospora eucalypticola and Fusicladium eucalypticola (on Eucalyptus robusta), Lareunionomyces syzygii (incl. Lareunionomyces gen. nov.) and Parawiesneriomyces syzygii (incl. Parawiesneriomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Syzygium jambos. Novel taxa from the USA include Meristemomyces arctostaphylos (on Arctostaphylos patula), Ochroco

Published
2016

15. Fungal Planet description sheets: 469-557

Author

Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Crous, P. W., Wingfield, M. J., Burgess, T.I., Hardy, G. E. St. J., Crane, C., Barrett, S., Cano-Lira, J.F., Le Roux, J.J., Thangavel, R., Guarro, J., Stchigel, A. M., Guevara-Suarez, M., Gusmão, L. F. P., Haituk, S., Heykoop, M., Hirooka, Y., Hofmann, T. A., Houbraken, J., Hughes, D. P., Kautmanová, I., Koukol, O., Larsson.E., Koppel, O., Latha, K. P. D., Lee, D. H., Lisboa, D. O., Lisboa, W. S., López-Villalba, Á., Maciel, J. L. N., Manimohan, P., Manjón, J. L., Marney, T. S., Meijer, M., Marincowitz, S., Miller, A. N., Olariaga, I., Paiva, L. M., Piepenbring, M., Poveda- Molero, J. C., Raj, K. N. A., Raja, H.A., Rougeron, A., Samadi, R., Santos, T. A. B., Salcedo, I., Scarlett, K., Seifert, K. A., Shuttleworth, L. A., Silva, G. A., Silva, M., Siqueira, J. P. Z., Souza-Motta, C. M., Stephenson, Steven L., Tamakeaw, N., Telleria, M. T., Sutton, D. A., Valenzuela-López, N., Viljoen, A., Visagie, C. M., Vizzini, Alfredo, Wartchow, F., Wingfield, B. D., Yurchenko, E., Zamora, J. C., Martín, María P., Alfredo, D. S., Groenewald, J. Z., Barber, P. A., Barreto, R. W., Baseia, I.G., Cano-Canals, J., Cheewangkoon, R., Ferreira, Renato Juciano, Gené, J., Lechat, C., Moreno, G., Shivas, R. G., Roets, F., Sousa, Julieth O., Tan, Y. P., Wiederhold, N. P., Abell, S. E., Accioly, Thiago, Albizu, J. L., Alves, J. L., Antoniolli, Z. I., Aplin, N., Arzanlou, M., Araújo, J., Bezerra, J. D. P., Bouchara, J.-P., Carlavilla, J. R., Castillo, A., Castroagudín, V. L., Ceresini, P. C., Claridge, G. F., Coelho, G., Coimbra, V. R. M., da Cunha, K. C., Costa, L. A., da Silva, S. S., Daniel, R., de Beer, Z.W., Dueñas, Margarita, Edwards, J., Enwistle, P., Fiuza, P. O., Fournier, J., García, D., Giraud, S., Gibertoni, T. B., Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Crous, P. W., Wingfield, M. J., Burgess, T.I., Hardy, G. E. St. J., Crane, C., Barrett, S., Cano-Lira, J.F., Le Roux, J.J., Thangavel, R., Guarro, J., Stchigel, A. M., Guevara-Suarez, M., Gusmão, L. F. P., Haituk, S., Heykoop, M., Hirooka, Y., Hofmann, T. A., Houbraken, J., Hughes, D. P., Kautmanová, I., Koukol, O., Larsson.E., Koppel, O., Latha, K. P. D., Lee, D. H., Lisboa, D. O., Lisboa, W. S., López-Villalba, Á., Maciel, J. L. N., Manimohan, P., Manjón, J. L., Marney, T. S., Meijer, M., Marincowitz, S., Miller, A. N., Olariaga, I., Paiva, L. M., Piepenbring, M., Poveda- Molero, J. C., Raj, K. N. A., Raja, H.A., Rougeron, A., Samadi, R., Santos, T. A. B., Salcedo, I., Scarlett, K., Seifert, K. A., Shuttleworth, L. A., Silva, G. A., Silva, M., Siqueira, J. P. Z., Souza-Motta, C. M., Stephenson, Steven L., Tamakeaw, N., Telleria, M. T., Sutton, D. A., Valenzuela-López, N., Viljoen, A., Visagie, C. M., Vizzini, Alfredo, Wartchow, F., Wingfield, B. D., Yurchenko, E., Zamora, J. C., Martín, María P., Alfredo, D. S., Groenewald, J. Z., Barber, P. A., Barreto, R. W., Baseia, I.G., Cano-Canals, J., Cheewangkoon, R., Ferreira, Renato Juciano, Gené, J., Lechat, C., Moreno, G., Shivas, R. G., Roets, F., Sousa, Julieth O., Tan, Y. P., Wiederhold, N. P., Abell, S. E., Accioly, Thiago, Albizu, J. L., Alves, J. L., Antoniolli, Z. I., Aplin, N., Arzanlou, M., Araújo, J., Bezerra, J. D. P., Bouchara, J.-P., Carlavilla, J. R., Castillo, A., Castroagudín, V. L., Ceresini, P. C., Claridge, G. F., Coelho, G., Coimbra, V. R. M., da Cunha, K. C., Costa, L. A., da Silva, S. S., Daniel, R., de Beer, Z.W., Dueñas, Margarita, Edwards, J., Enwistle, P., Fiuza, P. O., Fournier, J., García, D., Giraud, S., and Gibertoni, T. B.

Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia: Apiognomonia lasiopetali on Lasiopetalum sp., Blastacervulus eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus adesmophloia, Bul- lanockia australis (incl. Bullanockia gen. nov.) on Kingia australis, Caliciopsis eucalypti on Eucalyptus marginata, Celerioriella petrophiles on Petrophile teretifolia, Coleophoma xanthosiae on Xanthosia rotundifolia, Coniothyrium hakeae on Hakea sp., Diatrypella banksiae on Banksia formosa, Disculoides corymbiae on Corymbia calophylla, Elsinoe¿ eelemani on Melaleuca alternifolia, Elsinoe¿ eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus kingsmillii, Elsinoe¿ preissianae on Eucalyptus preissiana, Eucasphaeria rustici on Eucalyptus creta, Hyweljonesia queenslandica (incl. Hyweljonesia gen. nov.) on the cocoon of an unidentified microlepidoptera, Mycodiella eucalypti (incl. Mycodiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus diversicolor, Myrtapenidiella sporadicae on Eucalyptus sporadica, Neocrinula xanthorrhoeae (incl. Neocrinula gen. nov.) on Xanthorrhoea sp., Ophiocordyceps nooreniae on dead ant, Phaeosphaeriopsis agava- cearum on Agave sp., Phlogicylindrium mokarei on Eucalyptus sp., Phyllosticta acaciigena on Acacia suaveolens, Pleurophoma acaciae on Acacia glaucoptera, Pyrenochaeta hakeae on Hakea sp., Readeriella lehmannii on Eucalyptus lehmannii, Saccharata banksiae on Banksia grandis, Saccharata daviesiae on Daviesia pachyphylla, Saccharata eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus bigalerita, Saccharata hakeae on Hakea baxteri, Saccharata hakeicola on Hakea victoria, Saccharata lambertiae on Lambertia ericifolia, Saccharata petrophiles on Petrophile sp., Sac- charata petrophilicola on Petrophile fastigiata, Sphaerellopsis hakeae on Hakea sp., and Teichospora kingiae on Kingia australis. Brazil: Adautomilanezia caesalpiniae (incl. Adautomilanezia gen. nov.) on Caesalpina echinata, Arthrophiala arthrospora (incl. Arthrophiala gen. nov.) on Sagittaria montevidensis, Diaporthe caatingaensis (en- dophy

Published
2016

16. International Evaluation of MIC Distributions and Epidemiological Cutoff Value (ECV) Definitions for Fusarium Species Identified by Molecular Methods for the CLSI Broth Microdilution Method

Author

Espinel-Ingroff, A., primary, Colombo, A. L., additional, Cordoba, S., additional, Dufresne, P. J., additional, Fuller, J., additional, Ghannoum, M., additional, Gonzalez, G. M., additional, Guarro, J., additional, Kidd, S. E., additional, Meis, J. F., additional, Melhem, T. M. S. C., additional, Pelaez, T., additional, Pfaller, M. A., additional, Szeszs, M. W., additional, Takahaschi, J. P., additional, Tortorano, A. M., additional, Wiederhold, N. P., additional, and Turnidge, J., additional

Published
2016
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17. Fungal Planet description sheets: 320-370

Author

Crous, P W, Wingfield, M J, Guarro, J, Hernández-Restrepo, M, Sutton, D A, Acharya, K, Barber, P A, Boekhout, T, Dimitrov, R A, Dueñas, M, Dutta, A K, Gené, J, Gouliamova, D E, Groenewald, M, Lombard, L, Morozova, O V, Sarkar, J, Smith, M Th, Stchigel, A M, Wiederhold, N P, Alexandrova, A V, Antelmi, I, Armengol, J, Barnes, I, Cano-Lira, J F, Castañeda Ruiz, R F, Contu, M, Courtecuisse, Pr R, da Silveira, A L, Decock, C A, de Goes, A, Edathodu, J, Ercole, E, Firmino, A C, Fourie, A, Fournier, J, Furtado, E L, Geering, A D W, Gershenzon, J, Giraldo, A, Gramaje, D, Hammerbacher, A, He, X-L, Haryadi, D, Khemmuk, W, Kovalenko, A E, Krawczynski, R, Laich, F, Lechat, C, Lopes, U P, Madrid, H, Malysheva, E F, Marín-Felix, Y, Martín, M P, Mostert, L, Nigro, F, Pereira, O L, Picillo, B, Pinho, D B, Popov, E S, Rodas Peláez, C A, Rooney-Latham, S, Sandoval-Denis, M, Shivas, R G, Silva, V, Stoilova-Disheva, M M, Telleria, M T, Ullah, C, Unsicker, S B, van der Merwe, N A, Vizzini, A, Wagner, H-G, Wong, P T W, Wood, A R, Groenewald, J Z, Crous, P W, Wingfield, M J, Guarro, J, Hernández-Restrepo, M, Sutton, D A, Acharya, K, Barber, P A, Boekhout, T, Dimitrov, R A, Dueñas, M, Dutta, A K, Gené, J, Gouliamova, D E, Groenewald, M, Lombard, L, Morozova, O V, Sarkar, J, Smith, M Th, Stchigel, A M, Wiederhold, N P, Alexandrova, A V, Antelmi, I, Armengol, J, Barnes, I, Cano-Lira, J F, Castañeda Ruiz, R F, Contu, M, Courtecuisse, Pr R, da Silveira, A L, Decock, C A, de Goes, A, Edathodu, J, Ercole, E, Firmino, A C, Fourie, A, Fournier, J, Furtado, E L, Geering, A D W, Gershenzon, J, Giraldo, A, Gramaje, D, Hammerbacher, A, He, X-L, Haryadi, D, Khemmuk, W, Kovalenko, A E, Krawczynski, R, Laich, F, Lechat, C, Lopes, U P, Madrid, H, Malysheva, E F, Marín-Felix, Y, Martín, M P, Mostert, L, Nigro, F, Pereira, O L, Picillo, B, Pinho, D B, Popov, E S, Rodas Peláez, C A, Rooney-Latham, S, Sandoval-Denis, M, Shivas, R G, Silva, V, Stoilova-Disheva, M M, Telleria, M T, Ullah, C, Unsicker, S B, van der Merwe, N A, Vizzini, A, Wagner, H-G, Wong, P T W, Wood, A R, and Groenewald, J Z

Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Malaysia: Castanediella eucalypti from Eucalyptus pellita, Codinaea acacia from Acacia mangium, Emarcea eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana, Myrtapenidiella eucalyptorum from Eucalyptus pellita, Pilidiella eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana and Strelitziana malaysiana from Acacia mangium. Furthermore, Stachybotrys sansevieriicola is described from Sansevieria ehrenbergii (Tanzania), Phacidium grevilleae from Grevillea robusta (Uganda), Graphium jumulu from Adansonia gregorii and Ophiostoma eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus marginata (Australia), Pleurophoma ossicola from bone and Plectosphaerella populi from Populus nigra (Germany), Colletotrichum neosansevieriae from Sansevieria trifasciata, Elsinoë othonnae from Othonna quinquedentata and Zeloasperisporium cliviae (Zeloasperisporiaceae fam. nov.) from Clivia sp. (South Africa), Neodevriesia pakbiae, Phaeophleospora hymenocallidis and Phaeophleospora hymenocallidicola on leaves of a fern (Thailand), Melanconium elaeidicola from Elaeis guineensis (Indonesia), Hormonema viticola from Vitis vinifera (Canary Islands), Chlorophyllum pseudoglobossum from a grassland (India), Triadelphia disseminata from an immunocompromised patient (Saudi Arabia), Colletotrichum abscissum from Citrus (Brazil), Polyschema sclerotigenum and Phialemonium limoniforme from human patients (USA), Cadophora vitícola from Vitis vinifera (Spain), Entoloma flavovelutinum and Bolbitius aurantiorugosus from soil (Vietnam), Rhizopogon granuloflavus from soil (Cape Verde Islands), Tulasnella eremophila from Euphorbia officinarum subsp. echinus (Morocco), Verrucostoma martinicensis from Danaea elliptica (French West Indies), Metschnikowia colchici from Colchicum autumnale (Bulgaria), Thelebolus microcarpus from soil (Argentina) and Ceratocystis adelpha from Theobroma cacao (Ecuador). Myrmecridium iridis (Myrmecridiales ord. nov., Myrmecridiaceae fam. nov.) is also d

Published
2015

18. Fungal Planet description sheets: 320–370

Author

Crous, P. W., Wingfield, M. J., Guarro, J., Hernández Restrepo, M., Sutton, D. A., Acharya, K., Barber, P. A., Boekhout, T., Dimitrov, R. A., Dueñas, Margarita, Dutta, A. K., Gené, J., Gouliamova, D. E., Groenewald, M., Lombard, L., Morozova, O. V., Sarkar, J., Smith, M. Th., Stchigel, A. M., Wiederhold, N. P., Alexandrova, A. V., Antelmi, I., Armengol, Josep, Barnes, I., Cano Lira. J. F., Castañeda Ruiz, R. F., Contu, M., Courtecuisse, Pr. R., Silveira, A. L. da, Decock, C. A., Goes, A. de, Edathodu, J., Ercole, E., Firmino, A. C., Fourie, A., Fournier, J., Furtado, E. L., Geering, A. D. W., Gershenzon, J., Giraldo, A., Gramaje, David, Hammerbacher, A., He, X. L., Haryadi, D., Khemmuk, W., Kovalenko, A. E., Krawczynski, R., Laich, F., Lechat, C., Lopes, U. P., Madrid, H., Malysheva, E. F., Marín Felix, Y., Martín, María P., Mostert L, Nigro, F., Pereira, O. L., Picillo, B., Pinho, E. S., Popov, D. B., Rodas Peláez CA, Rooney-Latham S, Sandoval Denis, M., Shivas, R. G., Silva, V., Stoilova Disheva, M. M., Telleria, M. T., Ullah, C., Unsicker, S. B., Merwe, N. A. van der, Vizzini, Alfredo, Wagner, H. G., Groenewald, J. Z., Wong, P. T. W., Wood, A. R., Crous, P. W., Wingfield, M. J., Guarro, J., Hernández Restrepo, M., Sutton, D. A., Acharya, K., Barber, P. A., Boekhout, T., Dimitrov, R. A., Dueñas, Margarita, Dutta, A. K., Gené, J., Gouliamova, D. E., Groenewald, M., Lombard, L., Morozova, O. V., Sarkar, J., Smith, M. Th., Stchigel, A. M., Wiederhold, N. P., Alexandrova, A. V., Antelmi, I., Armengol, Josep, Barnes, I., Cano Lira. J. F., Castañeda Ruiz, R. F., Contu, M., Courtecuisse, Pr. R., Silveira, A. L. da, Decock, C. A., Goes, A. de, Edathodu, J., Ercole, E., Firmino, A. C., Fourie, A., Fournier, J., Furtado, E. L., Geering, A. D. W., Gershenzon, J., Giraldo, A., Gramaje, David, Hammerbacher, A., He, X. L., Haryadi, D., Khemmuk, W., Kovalenko, A. E., Krawczynski, R., Laich, F., Lechat, C., Lopes, U. P., Madrid, H., Malysheva, E. F., Marín Felix, Y., Martín, María P., Mostert L, Nigro, F., Pereira, O. L., Picillo, B., Pinho, E. S., Popov, D. B., Rodas Peláez CA, Rooney-Latham S, Sandoval Denis, M., Shivas, R. G., Silva, V., Stoilova Disheva, M. M., Telleria, M. T., Ullah, C., Unsicker, S. B., Merwe, N. A. van der, Vizzini, Alfredo, Wagner, H. G., Groenewald, J. Z., Wong, P. T. W., and Wood, A. R.

Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Malaysia: Castanediella eucalypti from Eucalyptus pellita, Codinaea acacia from Acacia mangium, Emarcea eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana, Myrtapenidiella eucalyptorum from Eucalyptus pellita, Pilidiella eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana and Strelitziana malaysiana from Acacia mangium. Furthermore, Stachybotrys sansevieriicola is described from Sansevieria ehrenbergii (Tanzania), Phacidium grevilleae from Grevillea robusta (Uganda), Graphium jumulu from Adansonia gregorii and Ophiostoma eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus marginata (Australia), Pleurophoma ossicola from bone and Plectosphaerella populi from Populus nigra (Germany), Colletotrichum neosansevieriae from Sansevieria trifasciata, Elsinoë othonnae from Othonna quinquedentata and Zeloasperisporium cliviae (Zeloasperisporiaceae fam. nov.) from Clivia sp. (South Africa), Neodevriesia pakbiae, Phaeophleospora hymenocallidis and Phaeophleospora hymenocallidicola on leaves of a fern (Thailand), Melanconium elaeidicola from Elaeis guineensis (Indonesia), Hormonema viticola from Vitis vinifera (Canary Islands), Chlorophyllum pseudoglobossum from a grassland (India), Triadelphia disseminata from an immunocompromised patient (Saudi Arabia), Colletotrichum abscissum from Citrus (Brazil), Polyschema sclerotigenum and Phialemonium limoniforme from human patients (USA), Cadophora vitícola from Vitis vinifera (Spain), Entoloma flavovelutinum and Bolbitius aurantiorugosus from soil (Vietnam), Rhizopogon granuloflavus from soil (Cape Verde Islands), Tulasnella eremophila from Euphorbia officinarum subsp. echinus (Morocco), Verrucostoma martinicensis from Danaea elliptica (French West Indies), Metschnikowia colchici from Colchicum autumnale (Bulgaria), Thelebolus microcarpus from soil (Argentina) and Ceratocystis adelpha from Theobroma cacao (Ecuador). Myrmecridium iridis (Myrmecridiales ord. nov., Myrmecridiaceae fam. nov.) is also desc

Published
2015

19. Dynamics of Mixed- Candida Species Biofilms in Response to Antifungals.

Author

Vipulanandan, G., Herrera, M., Wiederhold, N. P., Li, X., Mintz, J., Wickes, B. L., and Kadosh, D.

Subjects
CANDIDA, ANTIFUNGAL agents, BIOFILMS, ORAL microbiology, DISEASE susceptibility, AMPHOTERICIN B, POLYMERASE chain reaction, RESEARCH funding, THRUSH (Mouth disease), MIXED infections, PHARMACODYNAMICS
Abstract

Oral infections caused by Candida species, the most commonly isolated human fungal pathogen, are frequently associated with biofilms. Although Candida albicans is the predominant organism found in patients with oral thrush, a biofilm infection, there is an increasing incidence of oral colonization and infections caused by non- albicans Candida species, including C. glabrata, C. dubliniensis, and C. tropicalis, which are frequently more resistant to antifungal treatment. While single-species Candida biofilms have been well studied, considerably less is known about the dynamics of mixed- Candida species biofilms and how these dynamics are altered by antifungal treatment. To address these questions, we developed a quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based approach to determine the precise species composition of mixed- Candida species biofilms formed by clinical isolates and laboratory strains in the presence and absence of clinically relevant concentrations of 3 commonly used antifungals: fluconazole, caspofungin, and amphotericin B. In monospecies biofilms, fluconazole exposure favored growth of C. glabrata and C. tropicalis, while caspofungin generally favored significant growth of all species to a varying degree. Fluconazole was not effective against preformed mixed- Candida species biofilms while amphotericin B was potent. As a general trend, in mixed- Candida species biofilms, C. albicans lost dominance in the presence of antifungals. Interestingly, presence in mixed versus monospecies biofilms reduced susceptibility to amphotericin B for C. tropicalis and C. glabrata. Overall, our data suggest that antifungal treatment favors the growth of specific non- albicans Candida species in mixed- Candida species biofilms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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20. First Report of Westerdykella dispersa as a Cause of an Angioinvasive Fungal Infection in a Neutropenic Host

Author

Sue, P. K., primary, Gurda, G. T., additional, Lee, R., additional, Watkins, T., additional, Green, R., additional, Memon, W., additional, Milstone, A. M., additional, Zelazny, A. M., additional, Fahle, G. A., additional, Pham, T. A., additional, Gibas, C. F., additional, Sutton, D. A., additional, Wickes, B. L., additional, Wiederhold, N. P., additional, and Zhang, S. X., additional

Published
2014
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21. Paravertebral Mushroom: Identification of a Novel Species of Phellinus as a Human Pathogen in Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Author

De Ravin, S. S., primary, Parta, M., additional, Sutton, D. A., additional, Wickes, B. L., additional, Thompson, E. H., additional, Wiederhold, N. P., additional, Nakasone, K. K., additional, Alimchandani, M., additional, OConnell, A., additional, Notarangelo, L., additional, Kang, E., additional, Malech, H. L., additional, and Zelazny, A. M., additional

Published
2014
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23. Coelomycetous Dothideomyceteswith emphasis on the families Cucurbitariaceaeand Didymellaceae

Author

Valenzuela-Lopez, N., Cano-Lira, J.F., Guarro, J., Sutton, D.A., Wiederhold, N., Crous, P.W., and Stchigel, A.M.

Abstract

The taxonomy of the coelomycetes has undergone dramatic changes in recent years, but remains controversial due to the high number of taxa involved, their poor morphological differentiation, the rare occurrence of the sexual morphs, and rapid loss of fertility in vitro. In the present study, we revisited the families Cucurbitariaceaeand Didymellaceae(Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes), which include numerous plant pathogens, endophytic species associated with a wide host range, and saprobes. The taxonomy of two of the most relevant genera, i.e. Phomaand Pyrenochaeta, remains ambiguous after several phylogenetic studies, and needs further revision. We have studied a total of 143 strains of coelomycetes from clinical or environmental origin, by combining the LSU, ITS, tub2 and rpb2 sequences for a multi-locus analysis and a detailed morphological comparison. The resulting phylogenetic tree revealed that some fungi previously considered as members of Cucurbitariaceaerepresented five different families, and four of them, Neopyrenochaetaceae, Parapyrenochaetaceae, Pseudopyrenochaetaceaeand Pyrenochaetopsidaceae, are proposed here as new. Furthermore, 13 new genera, 28 new species, and 20 new combinations are proposed within the Pleosporineae. Moreover, four new typifications are introduced to stabilise the taxonomy of these fungi.

Published
2018
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26. New species of Cladosporium associated with human and animal infections.

Author

Sandoval-Denis, M., Gené, J., Sutton, D. A., Wiederhold, N. P., Cano-Lira, J. F., and Guarro, J.

Subjects
CLADOSPORIUM, MORPHOLOGY, DNA, BIOLOGICAL specimens, FUNGI
Abstract

Cladosporium is mainly known as a ubiquitous environmental saprobic fungus or plant endophyte, and to date, just a few species have been documented as etiologic agents in vertebrate hosts, including humans. In the present study, 10 new species of the genus were isolated from human and animal clinical specimens from the USA. They are proposed and characterized on the basis of their morphology and a molecular phylogenetic analysis using DNA sequences from three loci (the ITS region of the rDNA, and partial fragments of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha and actin genes). Six of those species belong to the C. cladosporioides species complex, i.e., C. alboflavescens, C. angulosum, C. anthropophilum, C. crousii, C. flavovirens and C. xantochromaticum, three new species belong to the C. herbarum species complex, i.e., C. floccosum, C. subcinereum and C. tuberosum; and one to the C. sphaerospermum species complex, namely, C. succulentum. Differential morphological features of the new taxa are provided together with molecular barcodes to distinguish them from the currently accepted species of the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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29. Multilocus Phylogeny and Antifungal Susceptibility of AspergillusSection Circumdatifrom Clinical Samples and Description of A. pseudosclerotiorumsp. nov

Author

Siqueira, J. P. Z., Sutton, D. A., Gené, J., García, D., Wiederhold, N., Peterson, S. W., and Guarro, J.

Abstract

ABSTRACTA multilocus phylogenetic study was carried out to assess species identity of a set of 34 clinical isolates from Aspergillussection Circumdatifrom the United States and to determine their in vitroantifungal susceptibility against eight antifungal drugs. The genetic markers used were the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and fragments of the beta-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) genes. The drugs tested were amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin, and terbinafine. The most common species sampled was A. westerdijkiae(29.4%), followed by a novel species, which was described here as A. pseudosclerotiorum(23.5%). Other species identified were A. sclerotiorum(17.6%), A. ochraceus(8.8%), A. subramanianii(8.8%), and A. insulicolaand A. ochraceopetaliformis, with two isolates (5.9%) of each. The drugs that showed the most potent activity were caspofungin, micafungin, and terbinafine, while amphotericin B showed the least activity.

Published
2017
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30. Detection and Measurement of Fungal Burden in a Guinea Pig Model of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis by Novel Quantitative Nested Real-Time PCR Compared with Galactomannan and (1,3)- -D-Glucan Detection

Author

Lengerova, M., primary, Kocmanova, I., additional, Racil, Z., additional, Hrncirova, K., additional, Pospisilova, S., additional, Mayer, J., additional, Najvar, L. K., additional, Wiederhold, N. P., additional, Kirkpatrick, W. R., additional, and Patterson, T. F., additional

Published
2011
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33. Schizophyllum radiatum, an Emerging Fungus from Human Respiratory Tract

Author

Siqueira, J. P. Z., Sutton, D., Gené, J., García, D., Guevara-Suarez, M., Decock, C., Wiederhold, N., and Guarro, J.

Abstract

ABSTRACTSchizophyllumis an important genus of basidiomycetes that, apart from being of genetic and biotechnological interest, is also reported to be a plant and animal pathogen. Schizophyllum communeis the best-known species and the only one reported from clinical specimens thus far, being recovered mainly from the respiratory tract. The aim of this study was to determine the species diversity of 23 clinical isolates of Schizophyllumfrom the United States using multilocus phylogenetic analysis and their in vitrosusceptibilities to six drugs. The markers used for sequencing were the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), a portion of the nuclear large subunit (LSU) of ribosomal DNA, the RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit (RPB2), and the translation elongation factor 1a (EF-1a) gene. The analyses revealed that 22 of the clinical isolates were in the Schizophyllum radiatumclade with high support values and 1 isolate was in the S. communeclade. This is the first report of this species in clinical samples. The two species mentioned above showed very similar morphological features in culture (i.e., white, cottony, unsporulated colonies composed of hyphae with clamp connections), making morphological discrimination between the two impossible. An epitype is designed for S. radiatum, and its sequences have been deposited in GenBank. The antifungal that showed the greatest in vitroactivity against the strains tested was shown to be amphotericin B. In general, the strains of S. radiatumshowed higher MICs than S. commune.

Published
2016
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34. Multilaboratory Evaluation of In VitroAntifungal Susceptibility Testing of Dermatophytes for ME1111

Author

Ghannoum, M., Chaturvedi, V., Diekema, D., Ostrosky-Zeichner, L., Rennie, R., Walsh, T., Wengenack, N., Fothergill, A., and Wiederhold, N.

Abstract

ABSTRACTME1111 is a novel small molecule antifungal agent under development for the topical treatment of onychomycosis. Standardization of the susceptibility testing method for this candidate antifungal is needed. Toward this end, 8 independent laboratories determined the interlaboratory reproducibility of ME1111 susceptibility testing. In addition, we subsequently identified 2 strains as quality control (QC) isolates for the method. In the reproducibility study, 5 blinded clinical strains each of Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosumwere tested, while the QC study tested 6 blinded T. rubrumor T. mentagrophytesATCC strains. Testing was performed in frozen microtiter panels according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 methodology. In the reproducibility study, 9 of 15 clinical strains showed interlaboratory agreement of >90% at the 80% inhibition endpoint, with a range of agreement of 76.2% to 100%. In the QC study, 4 of the 6 ATCC strains showed interlaboratory agreement of >90%. ME1111 demonstrated excellent interlaboratory agreement when tested against dermatophytes. Based on this data, the CLSI Subcommittee on Antifungal Susceptibility Tests approved the susceptibility testing of ME1111 against dermatophytes according to M38-A2 methodology, which stipulates RPMI 1640 as the test medium, an inoculum size of 1 to 3 × 103CFU/ml, and an incubation time and temperature of 96 h at 35°C. The MIC endpoint should be 80% inhibition compared with the growth control. T. rubrumATCC MYA-4438 and T. mentagrophytesATCC 28185 were selected as QC isolates, with an acceptable range of 0.12 to 1 µg/ml for the two strains.

Published
2015
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35. International Evaluation of MIC Distributions and Epidemiological Cutoff Value (ECV) Definitions for FusariumSpecies Identified by Molecular Methods for the CLSI Broth Microdilution Method

Author

Espinel-Ingroff, A., Colombo, A. L., Cordoba, S., Dufresne, P. J., Fuller, J., Ghannoum, M., Gonzalez, G. M., Guarro, J., Kidd, S. E., Meis, J. F., Melhem, T. M. S. C., Pelaez, T., Pfaller, M. A., Szeszs, M. W., Takahaschi, J. P., Tortorano, A. M., Wiederhold, N. P., and Turnidge, J.

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe CLSI epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) of antifungal agents are available for various Candidaspp., Aspergillusspp., and the Mucorales. However, those categorical endpoints have not been established for Fusariumspp., mostly due to the difficulties associated with collecting sufficient CLSI MICs for clinical isolates identified according to the currently recommended molecular DNA-PCR-based identification methodologies. CLSI MIC distributions were established for 53 Fusarium dimerumspecies complex (SC), 10 F. fujikuroi, 82 F. proliferatum, 20 F. incarnatum-F. equisetiSC, 226 F. oxysporumSC, 608 F. solaniSC, and 151 F. verticillioidesisolates originating in 17 laboratories (in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Europe, Mexico, and the United States). According to the CLSI guidelines for ECV setting, ECVs encompassing ≥97.5% of pooled statistically modeled MIC distributions were as follows: for amphotericin B, 4 μg/ml (F. verticillioides) and 8 μg/ml (F. oxysporumSC and F. solaniSC); for posaconazole, 2 μg/ml (F. verticillioides), 8 μg/ml (F. oxysporumSC), and 32 μg/ml (F. solaniSC); for voriconazole, 4 μg/ml (F. verticillioides), 16 μg/ml (F. oxysporumSC), and 32 μg/ml (F. solaniSC); and for itraconazole, 32 μg/ml (F. oxysporumSC and F. solaniSC). Insufficient data precluded ECV definition for the other species. Although these ECVs could aid in detecting non-wild-type isolates with reduced susceptibility to the agents evaluated, the relationship between molecular mechanisms of resistance (gene mutations) and MICs still needs to be investigated for Fusariumspp.

Published
2015
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36. Fungal Planet description sheets: 558-624.

Author

Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Burgess TI, Hardy GESJ, Barber PA, Alvarado P, Barnes CW, Buchanan PK, Heykoop M, Moreno G, Thangavel R, van der Spuy S, Barili A, Barrett S, Cacciola SO, Cano-Lira JF, Crane C, Decock C, Gibertoni TB, Guarro J, Guevara-Suarez M, Hubka V, Kolařík M, Lira CRS, Ordoñez ME, Padamsee M, Ryvarden L, Soares AM, Stchigel AM, Sutton DA, Vizzini A, Weir BS, Acharya K, Aloi F, Baseia IG, Blanchette RA, Bordallo JJ, Bratek Z, Butler T, Cano-Canals J, Carlavilla JR, Chander J, Cheewangkoon R, Cruz RHSF, da Silva M, Dutta AK, Ercole E, Escobio V, Esteve-Raventós F, Flores JA, Gené J, Góis JS, Haines L, Held BW, Jung MH, Hosaka K, Jung T, Jurjević Ž, Kautman V, Kautmanova I, Kiyashko AA, Kozanek M, Kubátová A, Lafourcade M, La Spada F, Latha KPD, Madrid H, Malysheva EF, Manimohan P, Manjón JL, Martín MP, Mata M, Merényi Z, Morte A, Nagy I, Normand AC, Paloi S, Pattison N, Pawłowska J, Pereira OL, Petterson ME, Picillo B, Raj KNA, Roberts A, Rodríguez A, Rodríguez-Campo FJ, Romański M, Ruszkiewicz-Michalska M, Scanu B, Schena L, Semelbauer M, Sharma R, Shouche YS, Silva V, Staniaszek-Kik M, Stielow JB, Tapia C, Taylor PWJ, Toome-Heller M, Vabeikhokhei JMC, van Diepeningen AD, Van Hoa N, M VT, Wiederhold NP, Wrzosek M, Zothanzama J, and Groenewald JZ

Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia : Banksiophoma australiensis (incl. Banksiophoma gen. nov.) on Banksia coccinea , Davidiellomyces australiensis (incl. Davidiellomyces gen. nov.) on Cyperaceae , Didymocyrtis banksiae on Banksia sessilis var . cygnorum , Disculoides calophyllae on Corymbia calophylla , Harknessia banksiae on Banksia sessilis , Harknessia banksiae-repens on Banksia repens , Harknessia banksiigena on Banksia sessilis var . cygnorum , Harknessia communis on Podocarpus sp., Harknessia platyphyllae on Eucalyptus platyphylla , Myrtacremonium eucalypti (incl. Myrtacremonium gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus globulus , Myrtapenidiella balenae on Eucalyptus sp., Myrtapenidiella eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus sp., Myrtapenidiella pleurocarpae on Eucalyptus pleurocarpa , Paraconiothyrium hakeae on Hakea sp., Paraphaeosphaeria xanthorrhoeae on Xanthorrhoea sp., Parateratosphaeria stirlingiae on Stirlingia sp., Perthomyces podocarpi (incl. Perthomyces gen. nov.) on Podocarpus sp., Readeriella ellipsoidea on Eucalyptus sp., Rosellinia australiensis on Banksia grandis , Tiarosporella corymbiae on Corymbia calophylla , Verrucoconiothyrium eucalyptigenum on Eucalyptus sp., Zasmidium commune on Xanthorrhoea sp., and Zasmidium podocarpi on Podocarpus sp. Brazil : Cyathus aurantogriseocarpus on decaying wood, Perenniporia brasiliensis on decayed wood, Perenniporia paraguyanensis on decayed wood, and Pseudocercospora leandrae-fragilis on Leandra fragilis. Chile : Phialocephala cladophialophoroides on human toe nail. Costa Rica : Psathyrella striatoannulata from soil. Czech Republic : Myotisia cremea (incl. Myotisia gen. nov.) on bat droppings. Ecuador : Humidicutis dictiocephala from soil, Hygrocybe macrosiparia from soil, Hygrocybe sangayensis from soil, and Polycephalomyces onorei on stem of Etlingera sp. France : Westerdykella centenaria from soil. Hungary : Tuber magentipunctatum from soil. India : Ganoderma mizoramense on decaying wood, Hodophilus indicus from soil, Keratinophyton turgidum in soil, and Russula arunii on Pterigota alata. Italy : Rhodocybe matesina from soil. Malaysia : Apoharknessia eucalyptorum , Harknessia malayensis , Harknessia pellitae , and Peyronellaea eucalypti on Eucalyptus pellita , Lectera capsici on Capsicum annuum , and Wallrothiella gmelinae on Gmelina arborea. Morocco : Neocordana musigena on Musa sp. New Zealand : Candida rongomai-pounamu on agaric mushroom surface, Candida vespimorsuum on cup fungus surface, Cylindrocladiella vitis on Vitis vinifera , Foliocryphia eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus sp., Ramularia vacciniicola on Vaccinium sp., and Rhodotorula ngohengohe on bird feather surface. Poland : Tolypocladium fumosum on a caterpillar case of unidentified Lepidoptera. Russia : Pholiotina longistipitata among moss. Spain : Coprinopsis pseudomarcescibilis from soil, Eremiomyces innocentii from soil, Gyroporus pseudocyanescens in humus, Inocybe parvicystis in humus, and Penicillium parvofructum from soil. Unknown origin : Paraphoma rhaphiolepidis on Rhaphiolepsis indica. USA : Acidiella americana from wall of a cooling tower, Neodactylaria obpyriformis (incl. Neodactylaria gen. nov.) from human bronchoalveolar lavage, and Saksenaea loutrophoriformis from human eye. Vietnam : Phytophthora mekongensis from Citrus grandis , and Phytophthora prodigiosa from Citrus grandis. Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided.

Published
2017
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37. Fungal Planet description sheets: 469-557.

Author

Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Burgess TI, Hardy GE, Crane C, Barrett S, Cano-Lira JF, Le Roux JJ, Thangavel R, Guarro J, Stchigel AM, Martín MP, Alfredo DS, Barber PA, Barreto RW, Baseia IG, Cano-Canals J, Cheewangkoon R, Ferreira RJ, Gené J, Lechat C, Moreno G, Roets F, Shivas RG, Sousa JO, Tan YP, Wiederhold NP, Abell SE, Accioly T, Albizu JL, Alves JL, Antoniolli ZI, Aplin N, Araújo J, Arzanlou M, Bezerra JD, Bouchara JP, Carlavilla JR, Castillo A, Castroagudín VL, Ceresini PC, Claridge GF, Coelho G, Coimbra VR, Costa LA, da Cunha KC, da Silva SS, Daniel R, de Beer ZW, Dueñas M, Edwards J, Enwistle P, Fiuza PO, Fournier J, García D, Gibertoni TB, Giraud S, Guevara-Suarez M, Gusmão LF, Haituk S, Heykoop M, Hirooka Y, Hofmann TA, Houbraken J, Hughes DP, Kautmanová I, Koppel O, Koukol O, Larsson E, Latha KP, Lee DH, Lisboa DO, Lisboa WS, López-Villalba Á, Maciel JL, Manimohan P, Manjón JL, Marincowitz S, Marney TS, Meijer M, Miller AN, Olariaga I, Paiva LM, Piepenbring M, Poveda-Molero JC, Raj KN, Raja HA, Rougeron A, Salcedo I, Samadi R, Santos TA, Scarlett K, Seifert KA, Shuttleworth LA, Silva GA, Silva M, Siqueira JP, Souza-Motta CM, Stephenson SL, Sutton DA, Tamakeaw N, Telleria MT, Valenzuela-Lopez N, Viljoen A, Visagie CM, Vizzini A, Wartchow F, Wingfield BD, Yurchenko E, Zamora JC, and Groenewald JZ

Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia : Apiognomonia lasiopetali on Lasiopetalum sp., Blastacervulus eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus adesmophloia , Bullanockia australis (incl. Bullanockia gen. nov.) on Kingia australis , Caliciopsis eucalypti on Eucalyptus marginata , Celerioriella petrophiles on Petrophile teretifolia , Coleophoma xanthosiae on Xanthosia rotundifolia , Coniothyrium hakeae on Hakea sp., Diatrypella banksiae on Banksia formosa , Disculoides corymbiae on Corymbia calophylla , Elsinoë eelemani on Melaleuca alternifolia , Elsinoë eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus kingsmillii , Elsinoë preissianae on Eucalyptus preissiana , Eucasphaeria rustici on Eucalyptus creta , Hyweljonesia queenslandica (incl. Hyweljonesia gen. nov.) on the cocoon of an unidentified microlepidoptera, Mycodiella eucalypti (incl. Mycodiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus diversicolor , Myrtapenidiella sporadicae on Eucalyptus sporadica , Neocrinula xanthorrhoeae (incl. Neocrinula gen. nov.) on Xanthorrhoea sp., Ophiocordyceps nooreniae on dead ant, Phaeosphaeriopsis agavacearum on Agave sp., Phlogicylindrium mokarei on Eucalyptus sp., Phyllosticta acaciigena on Acacia suaveolens , Pleurophoma acaciae on Acacia glaucoptera , Pyrenochaeta hakeae on Hakea sp., Readeriella lehmannii on Eucalyptus lehmannii , Saccharata banksiae on Banksia grandis , Saccharata daviesiae on Daviesia pachyphylla , Saccharata eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus bigalerita , Saccharata hakeae on Hakea baxteri , Saccharata hakeicola on Hakea victoria , Saccharata lambertiae on Lambertia ericifolia , Saccharata petrophiles on Petrophile sp., Saccharata petrophilicola on Petrophile fastigiata , Sphaerellopsis hakeae on Hakea sp., and Teichospora kingiae on Kingia australis. Brazil : Adautomilanezia caesalpiniae (incl . Adautomilanezia gen. nov.) on Caesalpina echinata , Arthrophiala arthrospora (incl. Arthrophiala gen. nov.) on Sagittaria montevidensis , Diaporthe caatingaensis (endophyte from Tacinga inamoena ), Geastrum ishikawae on sandy soil, Geastrum pusillipilosum on soil, Gymnopus pygmaeus on dead leaves and sticks, Inonotus hymenonitens on decayed angiosperm trunk, Pyricularia urashimae on Urochloa brizantha , and Synnemellisia aurantia on Passiflora edulis . Chile : Tubulicrinis australis on Lophosoria quadripinnata. France : Cercophora squamulosa from submerged wood, and Scedosporium cereisporum from fluids of a wastewater treatment plant. Hawaii : Beltraniella acaciae , Dactylaria acaciae , Rhexodenticula acaciae , Rubikia evansii and Torula acaciae (all on Acacia koa ) . India : Lepidoderma echinosporum on dead semi-woody stems, and Rhodocybe rubrobrunnea from soil. Iran : Talaromyces kabodanensis from hypersaline soil. La Réunion : Neocordana musarum from leaves of Musa sp. Malaysia : Anungitea eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus grandis × pellita , Camptomeriphila leucaenae (incl. Camptomeriphila gen. nov.) on Leucaena leucocephala , Castanediella communis on Eucalyptus pellita , Eucalyptostroma eucalypti (incl. Eucalyptostroma gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus pellita , Melanconiella syzygii on Syzygium sp., Mycophilomyces periconiae (incl. Mycophilomyces gen. nov.) as hyperparasite on Periconia on leaves of Albizia falcataria , Synnemadiella eucalypti (incl. Synnemadiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus pellita , and Teichospora nephelii on Nephelium lappaceum. Mexico : Aspergillus bicephalus from soil. New Zealand : Aplosporella sophorae on Sophora microphylla , Libertasomyces platani on Platanus sp., Neothyronectria sophorae (incl. Neothyronectria gen. nov.) on Sophora microphylla , Parastagonospora phoenicicola on Phoenix canariensis , Phaeoacremonium pseudopanacis on Pseudopanax crassifolius , Phlyctema phoenicis on Phoenix canariensis , and Pseudoascochyta novae-zelandiae on Cordyline australis. Panama : Chalara panamensis from needle litter of Pinus cf. caribaea . South Africa : Exophiala eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus sp., Fantasmomyces hyalinus (incl. Fantasmomyces gen. nov.) on Acacia exuvialis , Paracladophialophora carceris (incl. Paracladophialophora gen. nov.) on Aloe sp., and Umthunziomyces hagahagensis (incl. Umthunziomyces gen. nov.) on Mimusops caffra. Spain : Clavaria griseobrunnea on bare ground in Pteridium aquilinum field, Cyathus ibericus on small fallen branches of Pinus halepensis , Gyroporus pseudolacteus in humus of Pinus pinaster , and Pseudoascochyta pratensis (incl. Pseudoascochyta gen. nov.) from soil. Thailand : Neoascochyta adenii on Adenium obesum , and Ochroconis capsici on Capsicum annuum . UK : Fusicolla melogrammae from dead stromata of Melogramma campylosporum on bark of Carpinus betulus . Uruguay : Myrmecridium pulvericola from house dust. USA : Neoscolecobasidium agapanthi (incl. Neoscolecobasidium gen. nov.) on Agapanthus sp . , Polyscytalum purgamentum on leaf litter, Pseudopithomyces diversisporus from human toenail, Saksenaea trapezispora from knee wound of a soldier, and Sirococcus quercus from Quercus sp . Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided.

Published
2016
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38. Fungal Planet description sheets: 400-468.

Author

Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Richardson DM, Le Roux JJ, Strasberg D, Edwards J, Roets F, Hubka V, Taylor PW, Heykoop M, Martín MP, Moreno G, Sutton DA, Wiederhold NP, Barnes CW, Carlavilla JR, Gené J, Giraldo A, Guarnaccia V, Guarro J, Hernández-Restrepo M, Kolařík M, Manjón JL, Pascoe IG, Popov ES, Sandoval-Denis M, Woudenberg JH, Acharya K, Alexandrova AV, Alvarado P, Barbosa RN, Baseia IG, Blanchette RA, Boekhout T, Burgess TI, Cano-Lira JF, Čmoková A, Dimitrov RA, Dyakov MY, Dueñas M, Dutta AK, Esteve-Raventós F, Fedosova AG, Fournier J, Gamboa P, Gouliamova DE, Grebenc T, Groenewald M, Hanse B, Hardy GE, Held BW, Jurjević Ž, Kaewgrajang T, Latha KP, Lombard L, Luangsa-Ard JJ, Lysková P, Mallátová N, Manimohan P, Miller AN, Mirabolfathy M, Morozova OV, Obodai M, Oliveira NT, Ordóñez ME, Otto EC, Paloi S, Peterson SW, Phosri C, Roux J, Salazar WA, Sánchez A, Sarria GA, Shin HD, Silva BD, Silva GA, Smith MT, Souza-Motta CM, Stchigel AM, Stoilova-Disheva MM, Sulzbacher MA, Telleria MT, Toapanta C, Traba JM, Valenzuela-Lopez N, Watling R, and Groenewald JZ

Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Australia: Vermiculariopsiella eucalypti, Mulderomyces natalis (incl. Mulderomyces gen. nov.), Fusicladium paraamoenum, Neotrimmatostroma paraexcentricum, and Pseudophloeospora eucalyptorum on leaves of Eucalyptus spp., Anungitea grevilleae (on leaves of Grevillea sp.), Pyrenochaeta acaciae (on leaves of Acacia sp.), and Brunneocarpos banksiae (incl. Brunneocarpos gen. nov.) on cones of Banksia attenuata. Novel foliicolous taxa from South Africa include Neosulcatispora strelitziae (on Strelitzia nicolai), Colletotrichum ledebouriae (on Ledebouria floridunda), Cylindrosympodioides brabejum (incl. Cylindrosympodioides gen. nov.) on Brabejum stellatifolium, Sclerostagonospora ericae (on Erica sp.), Setophoma cyperi (on Cyperus sphaerocephala), and Phaeosphaeria breonadiae (on Breonadia microcephala). Novelties described from Robben Island (South Africa) include Wojnowiciella cissampeli and Diaporthe cissampeli (both on Cissampelos capensis), Phaeotheca salicorniae (on Salicornia meyeriana), Paracylindrocarpon aloicola (incl. Paracylindrocarpon gen. nov.) on Aloe sp., and Libertasomyces myopori (incl. Libertasomyces gen. nov.) on Myoporum serratum. Several novelties are recorded from La Réunion (France), namely Phaeosphaeriopsis agapanthi (on Agapanthus sp.), Roussoella solani (on Solanum mauritianum), Vermiculariopsiella acaciae (on Acacia heterophylla), Dothiorella acacicola (on Acacia mearnsii), Chalara clidemiae (on Clidemia hirta), Cytospora tibouchinae (on Tibouchina semidecandra), Diaporthe ocoteae (on Ocotea obtusata), Castanediella eucalypticola, Phaeophleospora eucalypticola and Fusicladium eucalypticola (on Eucalyptus robusta), Lareunionomyces syzygii (incl. Lareunionomyces gen. nov.) and Parawiesneriomyces syzygii (incl. Parawiesneriomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Syzygium jambos. Novel taxa from the USA include Meristemomyces arctostaphylos (on Arctostaphylos patula), Ochroconis dracaenae (on Dracaena reflexa), Rasamsonia columbiensis (air of a hotel conference room), Paecilomyces tabacinus (on Nicotiana tabacum), Toxicocladosporium hominis (from human broncoalveolar lavage fluid), Nothophoma macrospora (from respiratory secretion of a patient with pneumonia), and Penidiellopsis radicularis (incl. Penidiellopsis gen. nov.) from a human nail. Novel taxa described from Malaysia include Prosopidicola albizziae (on Albizzia falcataria), Proxipyricularia asari (on Asarum sp.), Diaporthe passifloricola (on Passiflora foetida), Paramycoleptodiscus albizziae (incl. Paramycoleptodiscus gen. nov.) on Albizzia falcataria, and Malaysiasca phaii (incl. Malaysiasca gen. nov.) on Phaius reflexipetalus. Two species are newly described from human patients in the Czech Republic, namely Microascus longicollis (from toenails of patient with suspected onychomycosis), and Chrysosporium echinulatum (from sole skin of patient). Furthermore, Alternaria quercicola is described on leaves of Quercus brantii (Iran), Stemphylium beticola on leaves of Beta vulgaris (The Netherlands), Scleroderma capeverdeanum on soil (Cape Verde Islands), Scleroderma dunensis on soil, and Blastobotrys meliponae from bee honey (Brazil), Ganoderma mbrekobenum on angiosperms (Ghana), Geoglossum raitviirii and Entoloma kruticianum on soil (Russia), Priceomyces vitoshaensis on Pterostichus melas (Carabidae) (Bulgaria) is the only one for which the family is listed, Ganoderma ecuadoriense on decaying wood (Ecuador), Thyrostroma cornicola on Cornus officinalis (Korea), Cercophora vinosa on decorticated branch of Salix sp. (France), Coprinus pinetorum, Coprinus littoralis and Xerocomellus poederi on soil (Spain). Two new genera from Colombia include Helminthosporiella and Uwemyces on leaves of Elaeis oleifera. Two species are described from India, namely Russula intervenosa (ectomycorrhizal with Shorea robusta), and Crinipellis odorata (on bark of Mytragyna parviflora). Novelties from Thailand include Cyphellophora gamsii (on leaf litter), Pisolithus aureosericeus and Corynascus citrinus (on soil). Two species are newly described from Citrus in Italy, namely Dendryphiella paravinosa on Citrus sinensis, and Ramularia citricola on Citrus floridana. Morphological and culture characteristics along with ITS nrDNA barcodes are provided for all taxa.

Published
2016
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39. Redefining Microascus, Scopulariopsis and allied genera.

Author

Sandoval-Denis M, Gené J, Sutton DA, Cano-Lira JF, de Hoog GS, Decock CA, Wiederhold NP, and Guarro J

Abstract

The genera Microascus and Scopulariopsis comprise species commonly isolated from soil, decaying plant material and indoor environments. A few species are also recognised as opportunistic pathogens of insects and animals, including humans. In the past, the taxonomy of these fungi has been based on morphology only. With the aim to clarify the taxonomy and phylogeny of these fungi, we studied a large set of clinical and environmental isolates, including the available ex-type strains of numerous species, by means of morphological, physiological and molecular analyses. Species delineation was assessed under the Genealogical Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) criterion using DNA sequence data of four loci (ITS region, and fragments of rDNA LSU, translation elongation factor 1-α and β-tubulin). The genera Microascus and Scopulariopsis were found to be separated in two distinct lineages. The genus Pithoascus is reinstated and the new genus Pseudoscopulariopsis is erected, typified by P. schumacheri. Seven new species of Microascus and one of Scopulariopsis are described, namely M. alveolaris, M. brunneosporus, M. campaniformis, M. expansus, M. intricatus, M. restrictus, M. verrucosus and Scopulariopsis cordiae. Microascus trigonosporus var. macrosporus is accepted as a species distinct from M. trigonosporus. Nine new combinations are introduced. Microascus cinereus, M. longirostris, P. schumacheri and S. flava are neotypified. A table summarising the morphological features of the species treated and identification keys for each genus are provided.

Published
2016
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40. Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of Microascaceae with emphasis on synnematous fungi.

Author

Sandoval-Denis M, Guarro J, Cano-Lira JF, Sutton DA, Wiederhold NP, de Hoog GS, Abbott SP, Decock C, Sigler L, and Gené J

Abstract

The taxonomy of the synnematous genera Cephalotrichum, Doratomyces and Trichurus, and other related genera Gamsia, Wardomyces and Wardomycopsis, has been controversial and relies mainly on morphological criteria. These are microascaceous saprobic fungi mostly found in air and soil and with a worldwide distribution. In order to clarify their taxonomy and to delineate generic boundaries within the Microascaceae, we studied 57 isolates that include clinical, environmental and all the available ex-type strains of a large set of species by means of morphological, physiological and molecular phylogenetic analyses using DNA sequence data of four loci (the ITS region, and fragments of rDNA LSU, translation elongation factor 1α and β-tubulin). The results demonstrate that Cephalotrichum, Doratomyces and Trichurus are congeneric and the genus Cephalotrichum is accepted here with Echinobotryum as a further synonym. The genera Acaulium and Fairmania, typified by A. albonigrescens and F. singularis, respectively, are distinct from Microascus and Scopulariopsis, Gamsia is distinct from Wardomyces, and Wardomycopsis is confirmed as a separate genus in the Microascaceae. Two new species of Cephalotrichum are described as C. brevistipitatum and C. hinnuleum. Nine new combinations are proposed, i.e. Acaulium acremonium, A. caviariforme, Cephalotrichum asperulum, C. columnare, C. cylindricum, C. dendrocephalum, C. gorgonifer, Gamsia columbina and Wardomyces giganteus. A neotype is designed for C. stemonitis. Lectotypes and epitypes are designated for A. acremonium, A. albonigrescens, C. gorgonifer, C. nanum and W. anomalus. Cephalotrichum cylindricum, C. microsporum, F. singularis and Gamsia columbina are also epitypified with new specimens. Descriptions of the phenotypic features and dichotomous keys for identification are provided for accepted species in the different genera.

Published
2016
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41. International Evaluation of MIC Distributions and Epidemiological Cutoff Value (ECV) Definitions for Fusarium Species Identified by Molecular Methods for the CLSI Broth Microdilution Method.

Author

Espinel-Ingroff A, Colombo AL, Cordoba S, Dufresne PJ, Fuller J, Ghannoum M, Gonzalez GM, Guarro J, Kidd SE, Meis JF, Melhem TM, Pelaez T, Pfaller MA, Szeszs MW, Takahaschi JP, Tortorano AM, Wiederhold NP, and Turnidge J

Subjects
Americas, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal, Europe, Fusarium genetics, Fusarium isolation & purification, Humans, Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Antifungal Agents pharmacology, Fusarium drug effects, Microbial Sensitivity Tests methods
Abstract

The CLSI epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) of antifungal agents are available for various Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., and the Mucorales. However, those categorical endpoints have not been established for Fusarium spp., mostly due to the difficulties associated with collecting sufficient CLSI MICs for clinical isolates identified according to the currently recommended molecular DNA-PCR-based identification methodologies. CLSI MIC distributions were established for 53 Fusarium dimerum species complex (SC), 10 F. fujikuroi, 82 F. proliferatum, 20 F. incarnatum-F. equiseti SC, 226 F. oxysporum SC, 608 F. solani SC, and 151 F. verticillioides isolates originating in 17 laboratories (in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Europe, Mexico, and the United States). According to the CLSI guidelines for ECV setting, ECVs encompassing ≥97.5% of pooled statistically modeled MIC distributions were as follows: for amphotericin B, 4 μg/ml (F. verticillioides) and 8 μg/ml (F. oxysporum SC and F. solani SC); for posaconazole, 2 μg/ml (F. verticillioides), 8 μg/ml (F. oxysporum SC), and 32 μg/ml (F. solani SC); for voriconazole, 4 μg/ml (F. verticillioides), 16 μg/ml (F. oxysporum SC), and 32 μg/ml (F. solani SC); and for itraconazole, 32 μg/ml (F. oxysporum SC and F. solani SC). Insufficient data precluded ECV definition for the other species. Although these ECVs could aid in detecting non-wild-type isolates with reduced susceptibility to the agents evaluated, the relationship between molecular mechanisms of resistance (gene mutations) and MICs still needs to be investigated for Fusarium spp., (Copyright © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.)

Published
2015
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42. Fungal Planet description sheets: 320-370.

Author

Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Guarro J, Hernández-Restrepo M, Sutton DA, Acharya K, Barber PA, Boekhout T, Dimitrov RA, Dueñas M, Dutta AK, Gené J, Gouliamova DE, Groenewald M, Lombard L, Morozova OV, Sarkar J, Smith MT, Stchigel AM, Wiederhold NP, Alexandrova AV, Antelmi I, Armengol J, Barnes I, Cano-Lira JF, Castañeda Ruiz RF, Contu M, Courtecuisse PR, da Silveira AL, Decock CA, de Goes A, Edathodu J, Ercole E, Firmino AC, Fourie A, Fournier J, Furtado EL, Geering AD, Gershenzon J, Giraldo A, Gramaje D, Hammerbacher A, He XL, Haryadi D, Khemmuk W, Kovalenko AE, Krawczynski R, Laich F, Lechat C, Lopes UP, Madrid H, Malysheva EF, Marín-Felix Y, Martín MP, Mostert L, Nigro F, Pereira OL, Picillo B, Pinho DB, Popov ES, Rodas Peláez CA, Rooney-Latham S, Sandoval-Denis M, Shivas RG, Silva V, Stoilova-Disheva MM, Telleria MT, Ullah C, Unsicker SB, van der Merwe NA, Vizzini A, Wagner HG, Wong PT, Wood AR, and Groenewald JZ

Abstract

Novel species of fungi described in the present study include the following from Malaysia: Castanediella eucalypti from Eucalyptus pellita, Codinaea acacia from Acacia mangium, Emarcea eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana, Myrtapenidiella eucalyptorum from Eucalyptus pellita, Pilidiella eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus brassiana and Strelitziana malaysiana from Acacia mangium. Furthermore, Stachybotrys sansevieriicola is described from Sansevieria ehrenbergii (Tanzania), Phacidium grevilleae from Grevillea robusta (Uganda), Graphium jumulu from Adansonia gregorii and Ophiostoma eucalyptigena from Eucalyptus marginata (Australia), Pleurophoma ossicola from bone and Plectosphaerella populi from Populus nigra (Germany), Colletotrichum neosansevieriae from Sansevieria trifasciata, Elsinoë othonnae from Othonna quinquedentata and Zeloasperisporium cliviae (Zeloasperisporiaceae fam. nov.) from Clivia sp. (South Africa), Neodevriesia pakbiae, Phaeophleospora hymenocallidis and Phaeophleospora hymenocallidicola on leaves of a fern (Thailand), Melanconium elaeidicola from Elaeis guineensis (Indonesia), Hormonema viticola from Vitis vinifera (Canary Islands), Chlorophyllum pseudoglobossum from a grassland (India), Triadelphia disseminata from an immunocompromised patient (Saudi Arabia), Colletotrichum abscissum from Citrus (Brazil), Polyschema sclerotigenum and Phialemonium limoniforme from human patients (USA), Cadophora vitícola from Vitis vinifera (Spain), Entoloma flavovelutinum and Bolbitius aurantiorugosus from soil (Vietnam), Rhizopogon granuloflavus from soil (Cape Verde Islands), Tulasnella eremophila from Euphorbia officinarum subsp. echinus (Morocco), Verrucostoma martinicensis from Danaea elliptica (French West Indies), Metschnikowia colchici from Colchicum autumnale (Bulgaria), Thelebolus microcarpus from soil (Argentina) and Ceratocystis adelpha from Theobroma cacao (Ecuador). Myrmecridium iridis (Myrmecridiales ord. nov., Myrmecridiaceae fam. nov.) is also described from Iris sp. (The Netherlands). Novel genera include (Ascomycetes): Budhanggurabania from Cynodon dactylon (Australia), Soloacrosporiella, Xenocamarosporium, Neostrelitziana and Castanediella from Acacia mangium and Sabahriopsis from Eucalyptus brassiana (Malaysia), Readerielliopsis from basidiomata of Fuscoporia wahlbergii (French Guyana), Neoplatysporoides from Aloe ferox (Tanzania), Wojnowiciella, Chrysofolia and Neoeriomycopsis from Eucalyptus (Colombia), Neophaeomoniella from Eucalyptus globulus (USA), Pseudophaeomoniella from Olea europaea (Italy), Paraphaeomoniella from Encephalartos altensteinii, Aequabiliella, Celerioriella and Minutiella from Prunus (South Africa). Tephrocybella (Basidiomycetes) represents a novel genus from wood (Italy). Morphological and culture characteristics along with ITS DNA barcodes are provided for all taxa.

Published
2015
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