Search

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are increasingly recognized as potentially pathogenic components of processed foods, and long-term consumption of dietary AGEs triggers disruption of the intestinal barrier integrity and increases the risk of chronic diseases. Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) as prebiotics can modulate the intestinal microbiota and improve the intestinal barrier integrity. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether GOS could ameliorate the intestinal barrier damage induced by AGEs. The results showed an increased number of goblet cells (AGEs

Existing studies mainly focus on the evolutionary characteristics of the global crude oil trade network under a steady state, neglecting to analyze the competition and cooperation among countries regarding crude oil as a strategic resource from a spatial–geographical perspective. There needs to be more studies analyzing the impact of crude oil trade disruptions on the resilience of the whole network from the perspective of supply and demand shocks in different influential countries, thus promoting the sustainable development of the global economy and the transition to green energy. Based on the global crude oil trade data from 2007 to 2020, this paper examines the structural evolution of the trade network using a complex network approach and simulates the impact of disruptions on its resilience. Results indicate that the global crude oil trade network expands and becomes more closely connected, and five major trade groups have been formed. Further simulation reveals that the impact of national disruptions on global trade resilience is not linear. Moreover, the influence from core countries is significantly higher than peripheral countries.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a public health burden.

Harmonic pollution and reactive power consumption are the two most important factors affecting power quality. Power electronics, as the largest harmonic source, will produce a large number of harmonics while running, and will also lose reactive power, reduce the power factor of the system and affect power quality. Firstly, the current situation of reactive power and harmonic suppression based on fuzzy control is briefly introduced. Then, the harmonic component and power factor of the power grid are taken as two objective functions to model the power grid. The improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) genetic algorithm is used to establish the harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation model. To improve the design efficiency, aiming at the complexity of the algorithm and the field measurement data, the reactive power compensation device is quickly solved on the Hadoop cloud computing platform to achieve the global optimal compensation effect, to improve the convergence speed and global search ability of the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Thus, based on ensuring the power factor, the harmonic component is restrained and the safety and reliability of power grid operation are improved.

This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of

Increased intake of Western diets and ultra-processed foods is accompanied by increased intake of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs can be generated exogenously in the thermal processing of food and endogenously in the human body, which associated with various chronic diseases. In food, AGEs can be divided into free and bound forms, which differ in their bioavailability, digestion, absorption, gut microbial interactions and untargeted metabolites. We summarized the measurements and contents of free and bound AGE in foods. Moreover, the ingestion, digestion, absorption, excretion, gut microbiota interactions, and metabolites and metabolic pathways between free and bound AGEs based on animal and human studies were compared. Bound AGEs were predominant in most of the selected foods, while beer and soy sauce were rich in free AGEs. Only 10%–30% of AGEs were absorbed into the systemic circulation when orally administered. The excretion of ingested free and bound AGEs was approximately 90% and 60%, respectively. Dietary free CML has a detrimental effect on gut microbiota composition, while bound AGEs have both detrimental and beneficial impacts. Free and bound dietary AGEs changed amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. And besides, bound dietary AGEs altered vitamin metabolism, and glycerolipid metabolism.

Nɛ-Carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) is a primary advanced glycation end product that exists in the body and food as free and bound forms with different bioavailability and physiological effects. To compare the uptake, tissue distribution, and fecal excretion of dietary free and bound CML, free or bound CML were administered to healthy mice at 10 mg CML kg

cope The adverse impacts of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on health are currently of interest. These compounds are inevitably formed during thermal food processing and make foods less digestible because of protein cross-linking. This study examined not only whether dietary AGEs alter cecal microbiota and their metabolites but also their effects on colon permeability. Methods and results Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a high-AGEs diet (AGEs content was increased by heating food at 125°C/3 h) for 6, 12, or 18 weeks. Cecal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Colon permeability was assessed through histopathology, immunohistochemistry and endotoxin testing. Microbial metabolites (e.g., ammonia and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)) were also measured. AGEs treatment reduced the diversity and richness of the microbiota, especially saccharolytic bacteria such as Ruminococcaceae and Alloprevotella, which can produce SCFAs, whereas some putatively harmful bacteria (Desulfovibrio and Bacteroides) were increased. Protein fermentation was enhanced, supported by elevated ammonia and branched-chain fatty acid levels (p