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BACKGROUND: To assess the efficacy and safety of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for patients with prostate volume less than 100 mL or 100 g. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science from inception to July 2021 to collect randomized controlled trials. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies by using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Review Manager 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. We synthesised effect estimates using risk ratios (RR), mean difference (MD), and standardized mean differences (SMD). RESULTS: A total of eight studies were included, involving 764 patients, 384 patients in the HoLEP group and 380 patients in the TURP group. The meta-analysis showed that the catheterization time (SMD =−1.44; 95% CI: −2.17 to −0.70; P=0.0001), hospital stay (SMD =−1.01; 95% CI: −1.58 to −0.44; P=0.0005), haemoglobin loss (MD =−0.29; 95% CI: −0.52 to −0.07; P=0.01), and transfusion rate (RR =0.16; 95% CI: 0.05–0.49; P=0.001) in the HoLEP group were lower than those in the TURP group. In addition, the 12-month postvoid residual volume (PVR) of the HoLEP group (MD =−9.93 95% CI: −18.59 to −1.27; P=0.02) were superior to the TURP group. Although the operation time of the HoLEP group was longer (MD =17.89; 95% CI: 9.18–26.60; P

To present our initial experience and evaluate the feasibility of the novel technique of completely intracorporeal laparoscopic “reverse 7” ileal ureteral replacement (IUR). Between December 2018 and September 2019, two patients underwent completely intracorporeal laparoscopic “reverse 7” IUR, which were female patients with bilateral extensive ureteral strictures (BEUS) secondary to radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection for cervical cancer and postoperative radiotherapy. Antegrade pyelography and retrograde pyelography showed BEUS preoperatively. The novel technique was performed successfully by the same surgeon without conversion to open surgery. The operating time of each patient was 420 min and 410 min, respectively. Meanwhile, the estimated blood loss of each patient was 120 ml and 100 ml, respectively. There were no major complications during the perioperative period. After ureteral stent was removed, antegrade pyelography postoperatively revealed excellent drainage with the resolution of hydronephrosis in both patients. After removing of ureteral stent and nephrostomy tube, no patients have a complaint about the donor site or the onset of flank pain. To our knowledge, we present the initial experience with completely intracorporeal laparoscopic “reverse 7” IUR. With initial follow-up outcomes, this novel minimally invasive technique appears to be feasible and efficacious in treating BEUS in carefully selected patients.

Management of a long proximal ureteral stricture is challenging. Lingual mucosal graft ureteroplasty (LMGU) is a novel minimally invasive technique for ureteral reconstruction that avoids the morbidity of bowel interposition or autotransplantation.To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of LMGU for managing long, complex proximal ureteral strictures in a multi-institutional cohort of patients.This retrospective study involved data for 41 patients treated with LMGU at three centers between June 2015 and January 2021.LMGU was performed using either an onlay ureteroplasty in which the diseased ureter was incised ventrally and repaired with a lingual mucosal graft (LMG) to widen the ureteral lumen, or an augmented anastomotic technique in which the obliterated segment of the ureter was excised and reanastomosed primarily on dorsal side, and an LMG was placed on the ventral side.Pre-, intra-, and postoperative variables and outcomes were assessed. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed.Of 41patients, 40 were operated with laparoscopic procedures and one with a robot. Twenty-four (59%) patients underwent an onlay ureteroplasty, and 17 (41%) underwent an augmented anastomotic ureteroplasty. The reconstructed ureter was wrapped with omentum in 90% of cases. The median (range) stricture length was 4.8 cm (2.0-8.0), operative time was 166 min (98-306), and estimated blood loss was 65 ml (15-220). No open conversions and intraoperative complications occurred. At a median follow-up of 35 mo (range 13-80), the overall success rate was 97.6% (40/41).LMGU is a safe, feasible, and effective long-term technique for managing long, complex proximal ureteral strictures.We reported a novel technique for long proximal complex ureteral strictures using an onlay lingual mucosal graft (LMG). Our 6-yr outcomes demonstrate that onlay LMG ureteroplasty is a safe, feasible, and effective long-term procedure for ureteral reconstruction.

To evaluate the viscoelastic properties of the fresh porcine ureter. Prove the QLV theory can sufficiently model the stress relaxation function of porcine ureters, and determine the QLV model constants which may provide insight into the synthesis of ureteral scaffolds with biomimetic viscoelastic properties in tissue engineering.Hysteresis tests were applied to study the differences in dissipated energy ratio for each different strain group. In stress relaxation tests, samples were sub-grouped and quickly ramping up to 5%, 20%, and 30% strain in each group and gradually relaxed to a corresponding level. Bringing together the quasi-linear viscoelasticity (QLV) theory and stress relaxation function to determine the eight constants of the ureteral tissue, and fitting the raw data with the model via MATLAB.The hysteresis response measurement results revealed that the porcine ureter was a highly dissipative material and there were differences between toe and linear region in stress-stain curve. The stress relaxation results revealed ureters responded with time-dependent decay of stress. The eight constants of the ureteral QLV model were determined for three different strain groups, and we proved that the QLV model can sufficiently adapt the experimental data of the ureter stress relaxation.This study investigated the time-dependent properties of the porcine ureter, and demonstrated the QLV theory could be used to evaluate the viscoelastic properties of the porcine ureteral tissue.

The treatment of ureteral stricture is a challenging task, especially when multiple strictures are present. Here, we report on a 63-year-old male patient diagnosed with hydronephrosis with left ureteral strictures who was admitted to our hospital. During treatment, a left percutaneous nephrostomy tube was inserted for hydronephrosis. Antegrade and retrograde pyelography were performed simultaneously. The results suggested there were 3 segment ureteral strictures in the left ureter: 2 located in the distal ureter and 1 in the proximal ureter. The treatment choices for multiple ureteral strictures are kidney autotransplantation or an ileal ureteral replacement (IUR), which are both morbid procedures and are technically challenging. With the excellent results of lingual mucosal graft (LMG) in ureteroplasty, this patient underwent a one-stage left ureter reconstruction with combined laparoscopic LMG ureteroplasty and ureterovesical reimplantation. However, disease of the oral mucosa and a reduced bladder volume caused by radio cystitis or chemical cystitis, may limit the use of this technique. Regular postoperative antegrade pyelography and the Whitaker test showed the unimpeded drainage of the left ureter. Based on the satisfactory outcome of this patient, combined laparoscopic LMG ureteroplasty and ureterovesical reimplantation for unilateral multiple ureteral strictures is a viable option that has fewer complications.

Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as master regulators for gene expression and thus play a vital role in human tumorigenesis and progression. But the involvement of novel lncRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains largely unelucidated. Methods A total of 170 NSCLC and their adjacent non-tumor tissues were enrolled to detect the expression of Lnc-LSAMP-1 by RT-qPCR. The effects of Lnc-LSAMP-1 on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and drug-sensitivity were determined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The proteins that interact with Lnc-LSAMP-1were confirmed by RNA pull-down assay. RNA-sequencing were used to identify the potential targets of Lnc-LSAMP-1 in NSCLC. Results We found that Lnc-LSAMP-1 was significantly down-regulated in 170 cases of NSCLC tissues when compared to their adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Loss expression of Lnc-LSAMP-1 was notably correlated with unfavorable prognosis of NSCLC patients. The ectopic expression of Lnc-LSAMP-1 drastically inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation, viability, invasion and migration ability, arrested cell cycle and facilitated apoptosis. Chemotherapy sensitization experiments showed that over-expressed Lnc-LSAMP-1 enhanced the inhibition of cell proliferation induced by TKI. Mechanistically, Lnc-LSAMP-1-LSAMP formed a complex which could protect the degradation of LSAMP gene, and thus exerted crucial roles in NSCLC progression and TKI targeted treatment. Conclusions Consequently, our findings highlight the function and prognostic value of Lnc-LSAMP-1 in NSCLC and provide potential novel therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for patients with NSCLC.

Stimulated reservoir volume is an effective stimulation measure and creates a complex fracture network, but the description and characterization of fracture network are very difficult. Well test analysis is a common method to describe the fracture network, and it is the key to build a proper interpretation model. However, most published works only consider the shape of the fractured area or the stress sensitivity effect, and few works take both factors into account. In this paper, based on reservoir properties and flow law after a stimulated reservoir volume, an interpretation model is established with an arbitrary shape of the fractured area and stress sensitivity effect of different flow areas. The model is solved to conduct the pressure response using Laplace transform, point source function, and boundary element theory. The influence of fractures’ parameters and stress sensitivity effect is analyzed on the pressure behavior. Results from this study show that the special flow regimes for a horizontal well with a stimulated reservoir volume are (1) bilinear flow dominated by hydraulic fractures, (2) linear flow dominated by formation around the hydraulic fractures, (3) crossflow from a matrix system to the fractured area, and (4) radial flow control by properties of the fractured area. Parameters of hydraulic fractures mainly affect the early stage of pressure behavior. On the contrary, the stress-sensitive effect mainly affects the middle and late stages; the stronger the stress sensitivity effect is, the more obvious the effect is. The findings of this study can help for better understanding of the fracture network in a tight oil reservoir with a stimulated reservoir volume.

Background There is very little known about how long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with membrane proteins in lung cancer. The limbic system-associated membrane protein ( LSAMP ) has been reported to play a tumor suppressor role in a variety of cancers.Methods We aimed to explore the lncRNA associated with LSAMP and explore its effects on lung cancer.Results We found that Lnc-LSAMP-1 was significantly down-regulated in 170 cases of lung tumor tissues when compared to the adjacent non-cancerous tissues (p

Norbormide (NRB) is a Rattus-specific toxicant that has low palatability and produces sub-lethal dosing in the field, thereby limiting its effectiveness as a rodent control tool. In this study, we assessed the species-specific effect and time to death of a lethal dose of a fatty acid derived pro-toxicant of NRB, named DR8, in six rodent species from China; three species of Rattus and three non-Rattus species. Our results showed three species/subspecies of Rattus were sensitive to DR8, with LD50 values being less than 50 mg/kg, while non-Rattus rodent species were totally insensitive to this drug. As expected, the time to death in the three species of Rattus was longer in those rats dosed with DR8 compared to those dosed with NRB. This indicated that DR8 possesses a slower activity profile to NRB, and therefore supports its potential to increase palatability and be a promising species-specific tool for rodent pest management.LSID zoobank.org:pub:37372DC5-588E-4F39-8C25-A7A84AD7FE57

Most of the noise in speech communication lines can be considered as Gaussian white noise. Voice activity detection (VAD) in noisy environment is an important process in many speech signal processing algorithms. Unlike the other VAD algorithms, this paper proposes a simple and novel VAD algorithm based on the probability distribution function (PDF) of FFT magnitudes of both clean speech and Gaussian white noise. When the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is high enough, the method using Gamma distribution to detect the speech performs well, while the method using Rayleigh distribution under lower SNR can be complementary. In addition, the threshold to determine which method to use is presented based on the tests under different SNR. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient. Both the hardware and software of a low cost system for VAD are introduced, with the proposed algorithm achieved in a digital signal processor (DSP). Each detection takes on less than 100 ms, which can be used for real-time processing.

According to the characteristics of the model number is relatively small, similarity, complexity is not high in the small professional model library, and the existing 3D model retrieval method can not effectively improve the efficiency. This paper puts forward the retrieval algorithms based on normal plane, extract normal vector of each triangular facet in models, in the surrounded icosahedron of model set every surface as the reference surface, calculating the normal number which go through each reference surface and the ratio of the face in line accounts for the whole area, using the Needleman/Wunsch algorithm in the dynamic programming calculating the similarity for matching. Experiments show that in the small professional model library the model retrieval algorithm based on normal plane can greatly improve the efficiency of the model retrieval.