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［Objective］The airflow variation of metro train operating in tunnels affects the air quality and ventilation efficiency within the compartments. Therefore, it is necessary to study the ventilation characteristics of metro train compartments when operating in tunnels. ［Method］Through real-vehicle testing, the dynamic variation of the ventilation parameters such as fresh air volume, exhaust volume in train operation state is studied, and the dynamic performance of the ventilation system is analyzed. Based on the in-situ test data, numerical simulations of the train ventilation system working state at different operating speeds are conducted to further analyze the ventilation characteristics of metro trains during operation. ［Result & Conclusion］The supply and return air in a same compartment are uneven. The supply and exhaust air volumes of each compartment are unbalanced, with the supply air volume decreasing from the train front to the rear, and the return air volume increasing in the same direction. As the train accelerates, the return air volume in the air duct gradually increases, while the fresh air volume gradually decreases. When the train speed reaches 40 km/h, a significant reverse fresh air phenomenon occurs in the air duct. During train acceleration, the fresh air inlet exhibits a larger and continuously decreasing negative pressure, while the return air inlet exhibits a smaller and less fluctuating negative pressure. The increased pressure difference between the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet is the cause for the fresh air reversion.

The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is central to the occurrence and development of liver fibrosis. Our previous studies showed that autophagy promotes HSC activation and ultimately accelerates liver fibrosis. Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) is an autophagic initiator in mammals, and N 6-methyladenosine (m 6A) modification is closely related to autophagy. In this study, we find that the m 6A demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), which is the m 6A methylase with the most significant difference in expression, is upregulated during HSC activation and bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced hepatic fibrosis. Importantly, we identify that FTO overexpression aggravates HSC activation and hepatic fibrosis via autophagy. Mechanistically, compared with other autophagy-related genes, ULK1 is a target of FTO because FTO mainly mediates the m 6A demethylation of ULK1 and upregulates its expression, thereby enhancing autophagy and the activation of HSCs. Notably, the m 6A reader YTH domain-containing protein 2 (YTHDC2) decreases ULK1 mRNA level by recognizing the m 6A binding site and ultimately inhibiting autophagy and HSC activation. Taken together, our findings highlight m 6A-dependent ULK1 as an essential regulator of HSC autophagy and reveal that ULK1 is a novel potential therapeutic target for hepatic fibrosis treatment.

Glycosylation, a crucial posttranslational modification, plays a significant role in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Lectin microarrays, which leverage the high specificity of lectins for sugar binding, are ideally suited for profiling the glycan spectra of diverse and complex biological samples. In this review, we explore the evolution of lectin detection technologies, as well as the applications and challenges of lectin microarrays in analyzing the glycome profiles of various clinical samples, including serum, saliva, tissues, sperm, and urine. This review not only emphasizes significant advancements in the high-throughput analysis of polysaccharides but also provides insight into the potential of lectin microarrays for diagnosing and managing diseases such as tumors, autoimmune diseases, and chronic inflammation. We aim to provide a clear, concise, and comprehensive overview of the use of lectin microarrays in clinical settings, thereby assisting researchers in conducting clinical studies in glycobiology.

Abstract To develop the Head and Neck Cancer Psychosocial Distress Scale (HNCPDS) with the aim of identifying high-risk individuals for psychosocial distress among patients, and to assess its reliability, validity and applicability. Using the classical test theory, a total of 435 head and neck cancer patients from six tertiary hospitals in China were recruited for developing the HNCPDS. Delphi expert consultation and item analysis were used to improve the content validity of the preliminary HNCPDS. Factor analysis (FA) and Structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to test the structural validity of HNCPDS. Cronbach's alpha coefficient, Spearman-Brown coefficient and Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to test the internal consistency and retest reliability of HNCPDS. Multiple stepped-linear regression was used to analyze the risk factors of psychological disorder, and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between psychosocial distress and quality of life (QOL). The HNCPDS consisted of 14 items, which were divided into 3 subscales: 3 items for cancer discrimination, 5 items for anxiety and depression, and 6 items for social phobia. The HNCPDS had good validity [KMO coefficient was 0.947, Bartlett’s test was 5027.496 (P

Instant rice is a kind of convenient food, which is easy to eat, simple and quick. Instant rice not only conform to ours people’s habits of eating rice, but also meets the needs of the current fast-paced life, which has developed rapidly in recent years. With the further improvement of domestic fresh rice technology and equipment, the wet instant rice industry, such as frozen instant rice, aseptic instant rice, and short-shelf-life instant rice, will be further developed. This paper summarized the main factors affecting the quality of dry instant rice, including raw material varieties, processing precision, processing technology and conditions, and focused on the key technologies of industrial processing of fresh rice, including aseptic processing, high temperature sterilization, ultra-high pressure treatment, etc. The latest research progress of extrusion and recombination instant rice was also reviewed, and the existing problems and future development direction of instant rice were discussed.

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) poses a significant health challenge, so comprehensive research efforts to improve our understanding and treatment strategies are needed. However, the development of effective treatments is hindered by the limitation of existing liver disease models. Liver organoids, characterized by their cellular complexity and three-dimensional (3D) tissue structure closely resembling the human liver, hold promise as ideal models for liver disease research. In this study, we use a meticulously designed protocol involving the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into liver organoids. This process incorporates a precise combination of cytokines and small molecule compounds within a 3D culture system to guide the differentiation process. Subsequently, these differentiated liver organoids are subject to ethanol treatment to induce ALD, thus establishing a disease model. A rigorous assessment through a series of experiments reveals that this model partially recapitulates key pathological features observed in clinical ALD, including cellular mitochondrial damage, elevated cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, fatty liver, and hepatocyte necrosis. In addition, this model offers potential use in screening drugs for ALD treatment. Overall, the liver organoid model of ALD, which is derived from hiPSC differentiation, has emerged as an invaluable platform for advancing our understanding and management of ALD in clinical settings.

In order to solve the problems of large workload and low versatility of QR code labelling and complex implementation and difficult deployment of existing no-registration recognition methods in the auxiliary maintenance of coal mine electromechanical equipments, a coal mine electromechanical equipments maintenance guidance system based on improved YOLOv5s is proposed. The system consists of a equipment no-registration recognition module, a fault maintenance guidance module, and a remote expert access guidance module. The equipment no-registration recognition module collects images of faulty equipments through the camera on HoloLens glasses, and analyzes and processes them through an improved YOLOv5s image recognition algorithm to recognize the faulty equipment model. The fault maintenance guidance module automatically matches and calls the preset mixed reality disassembly and assembly model based on the model of the faulty equipment, forming a maintenance guidance solution. The remote expert access guidance module achieves interaction between remote experts and on-site maintenance personnel through audio and video sessions, virtual annotation, and other methods. In order to ensure an immersive experience for users when using mixed reality equipment, ShuffleNetV2 is used to replace the Backbone in YOLOv5s to obtain the YOLOv5s-SN2 network, which reduces the number of model parameters and computational overhead. The experimental results show that YOLOv5s-SN2 has a slight decrease in precision compared to YOLOv5s, but the number of floating-point operations per second (FLOPS) has decreased from 16.5×109 to 7.6×109, and the number of parameters has decreased from 15.6×106 to 8.2×106. Among the YOLO series models, YOLOv5s-SN2 has the best performance. Taking the three leaf Roots blower as an example to verify the overall effectiveness of the system, the results show that YOLOv5s-SN2 can quickly recognize the motor model, call the matching virtual model and maintenance process. The remote experts can assist on-site personnel in electromechanical equipment maintenance through methods such as audio and video access and annotation.

Sebacic acid wastewater is a typical industrial wastewater that is difficult to degrade, and the high sulfate rich in sebacic acid water is easy to be reduced to hydrogen sulfide release, leading to environmental pollution. The micro-oxygen biochemical coupling biological contact oxidation process was applied to treat sebacic acid wastewater, and the treatment characteristics of refractory industrial wastewater was investigated. The results showed that when the influent load gradually tended to be stable with COD of 4 500-5 500 mg/L and volatile phenol of 150-200 mg/L, the effluent COD was less than 400 mg/L and the volatile phenol was less than 0.5 mg/L after treating by micro-oxygen biochemical and biological contact oxidation process. The mass concentration of sulfide in effluent was lower than 0.2 mg/L, indicating that H2S was not easily produced in micro-oxygen biochemical and biological contact oxidation process. During the construction and start-up stage of the micro-oxygen section, the turbidity of the effluent decreased with the increase of DO concentration. The turbidity removal rate of the system was maintained between 70% and 90% when the overall process ran continuously and stably, indicating that the overall process played an important role in reducing the turbidity of the effluent. MLSS of 6 000-8 000 mg/L and SVI of 100-150 mL/g in the system indicated that sludge settling ability was good. The stability evaluation of the system showed that the system had strong ability to withstand load shock and salinity change, it could be widely used in the treatment of refractory industrial wastewater.

Background Due to economic development changes in domestic fertility policy, the incidence of acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) has been gradually increasing. The clinical characteristics of APIP of different etiologies are different, and there may be significant differences in the prognosis for mothers and infants, but previous studies on this are relatively few. Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancy complicated with acute pancreatitis patients of different etiologies. Methods A total of 48 inpatients with APIP in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from 2016 to 2022 were collected, which were divided into the biliary group (n=27) and hyperlipidemic group (n=21). The laboratory indicators and maternal and infant outcomes in the two groups were compared. Results The biliary group had a longer time of onset to visit, a smaller gestational week at admission, more previous pregnancies, and lower percentage of diarrhea and cessation of defecation than the hyperlipidemic group (P0.05). The birth weight of the biliary group was smaller than the hyperlipidemia group, while the birth length was shorter than the hyperlipidemia group. The incidence of neonatal jaundice, respiratory distress, and ventilator-assisted breathing was higher than the hyperlipidemia group (P

Resilience describes the system capability of defense and recovery to extreme disasters. The transmission system, as an important part of the power system, may occur large-area power blackouts under extreme mountain fire disasters which are low-probability but highly-risk events. A resilience assessment framework considering the whole process of disaster under extreme mountain fire disasters is developed. Firstly, the influence of extreme mountain fire disaster on transmission line failure rate is quantitatively analyzed, and the mathematical relationship between the location of fire point and the line failure rate is established. Then, failure scenarios are obtained by using the system information entropy to describe the possible failure scale that caused by mountain fire disasters. Secondly, considering the geographical location of failure components, repair crews dispatch and repair time, the power transmission system restoration model, aiming at minimizing load reduction under mountain fire disasters, is established. The resilience assessment method of power transmission system considering the whole process of disasters is proposed. Finally, taking IEEE RTS-79 bus system as an example, the effectiveness of the proposed model and the resilience assessment method is verified. The numerical results show that the proposed method can effectively and comprehensively measure the influence of various factors on the elastic performance of transmission system. In addition, the effects of three typical technical measurements on improving elasticity are quantitatively analyzed, which provides a quantifiable reference for the power sector to formulate prevention and recovery strategies for extreme wildfires.

Objective To evaluate the impact of the 'point to downstream hospital multi-department' emergency medical consortium model between Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) and Beijing Longfu Hospital on the treatment of critically ill patients. Methods Clinical data of ICU patients at Beijing Longfu Hospital from December 2018 to November 2020 were retrospectively collected. The patients were categorized into two groups based on whether the emergency medical consortium was established: the pre-establishment group (December 2018 to November 2019) and the post-establishment group (December 2019 to November 2020). Clinical data, disease spectrum, examination/treatment utilization, and in-hospital mortality were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 350 ICU patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. The pre-establishment group comprised 126 patients, while the post-establishment group had 224 patients(including 162 transferred via the consortium). In the pre-establishment group, the disease spectrum primarily consisted of common critical illnesses, with the top three diseases being acute cardiovascular diseases (34.1%), severe pneumonia (25.4%), and post-surgical cases (19.0%). In the post-establishment group, there was a greater diversity in the disease spectrum, with the top three diseases being severe pneumonia (31.2%), renal dysfunction (13.8%), and acute cerebrovascular disease (9.8%). Compared to the pre-establishment group, the post-establishment group had a lower average age [68.50(57.00, 79.00) years vs. 78.00(68.25, 84.00) years, P < 0.001], higher acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ score [18.00(14.00, 24.00) points vs. 15.00(12.00, 22.75) points, P=0.005] and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score [5.00(3.00, 7.25) points vs. 3.00(2.00, 6.00) points, P < 0.001], higher rates of central venous catheterization (52.7% vs. 20.6%, P < 0.001), continuous renal replacement therapy(22.3% vs. 4.0%, P < 0.001), vasoactive drug use (21.4% vs. 11.9%, P=0.037), and epinephrine usage (17.0% vs. 7.1%, P=0.015), and hospital stay [(11.61±9.41)days vs. (10.06±7.63)days, P=0.260], hospital costs [(18 982.35(9251.80, 51 677.59) CNY vs. 39 113.11(19 500.03, 68 981.90) CNY, P=0.067], and in-hospital mortality (12.1% vs. 10.3%, P=0.753) showed no significant changes. Furthermore, after the establishment of the emergency medical consortium, the ICU of Beijing Longfu Hospital admitted and treated 25 cases of difficult-to-treat patients (no difficult-to-treat patients were seen before the establishment of the emergency medical consortium) and used a number of new technologies, including bedside bronchoscopy in 9 cases and bedside ultrasound examination in 105 cases. Multivariable Logistic regression analysis results indicated that after adjusting for factors such as age and SOFA score, the establishment of the emergency medical consortium had no significant impact on in-hospital mortality among ICU patients (OR=0.994, 95% CI: 0.401-2.464, P=0.990). Conclusions After the establishment of the 'point to downstream hospital multi-department' emergency medical consortium between PUMCH and Beijing Longfu Hospital, the complexity and severity of diseases treated in Beijing Longfu Hospital's ICU increased, but the in-hospital mortality rate did not significantly rise. The emergency medical consortium model may contribute to enhancing the capacity for treating critically ill patients in downstream hospitals.

Due to its sensitivity to the local geometries and chemical environments, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is widely applied to investigate the host-guest interactions between metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and guest molecules in the studies of gas adsorption and chemical separation. Multi-nuclear, multi-dimensional and variable temperature solid-state NMR is employed to investigate the adsorption behavior, primary adsorption sites, dynamic property, and self-diffusion coefficients of light hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide inside the MOFs channels. Moreover, solid-state NMR spectroscopy is utilized to determine the adsorption selectivity, visualize the preferential adsorption and uncover the separation mechanism of light alkane/alkene mixtures inside MOFs. Furthermore, solid-state NMR is used to explore the detailed host-guest interaction mechanism between common chemicals and MOFs adsorbents. All these findings provide insights into deep understanding of the structure-property relationship for the application of functional MOFs in gas adsorption and chemical separation.

Aiming at the problems of slagging and high temperature corrosion of water wall in a 1 000 MW ultra-supercritical double tangential boiler, the mechanism of slagging and high temperature corrosion of boiler was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF).The results show that the presence of sodium and calcium in coal reduces the ash melting point of coal, causing boiler slagging. Sulfide-type high temperature corrosion is the main type of high temperature corrosion of the boiler. Through coal blending optimization and air distribution adjustment, the coal quality feeding into the furnace and the air distribution mode of the burner were optimized. The results show that selecting low-sulfur and low-slagging coal for blending can effectively alleviate the problem of slagging in the furnace. The increase of the total air volume of the boiler and the reasonable adjustment of the secondary air distribution of the burner can effectively reduce the concentration of the reducing atmosphere in the furnace, and alleviate the problem of high temperature corrosion in the furnace. The prediction results of boiler corrosion tendency by numerical simulation method show that the high-temperature corrosion should be further prevented in the hot corner area of the furnace by adding adherent wind or water wall spraying.

Hepatocyte transplantation contributes to the repair of liver damage, but hepatocyte resources are limited, making it difficult for this to become a routine treatment. Previous studies have confirmed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be induced to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) by adding different cytokine combinations in vitro, and they then play some roles of hepatocytes. Our previous studies found that the differentiation ability of stem cells is closely related to the origin of the tissue. To identify the mesenchymal stem cells that are most suitable for hepatic differentiation and the treatment of liver failure, we use a three-phase induction process in which human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) are induced to differentiate towards HLCs in vitro, and rats with acute liver failure (ALF) induced by D-gal are cured by MSCs and MSC-derived HLCs (MSCs-HLC), respectively. We find that hADSCs are stronger than hUCMSCs in hepatic differentiation ability, and they have a better curative effect when using hADSCs-HLC or jointly using hADSCs and hADSCs-HLC, which has positive significance for hepatocyte regeneration, recovery of liver function and reduction of systemic inflammatory reaction, finally improving the survival rate of rats with acute liver failure.

In this proceeding, some highlight results on the constraints of the nuclear matter equation of state (EOS) from the data of nucleus resonance and neutron-skin thickness using the Bayesian approach based on the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock model and its extension have been presented. Typically, the anticorrelation and positive correlations between the slope parameter and the value of the symmetry energy at the saturation density under the constraint of the neutron-skin thickness and the isovector giant dipole resonance have been discussed respectively. It’s shown that the Bayesian analysis can help to find a compromise for the “PREXII puzzle” and the “soft Tin puzzle”. The possible modifications on the constraints of lower-order EOS parameters as well as the relevant correlation when higher-order EOS parameters are incorporated as independent variables have been further illustrated. For a given model and parameter space, the Bayesian approach serves as a good analysis tool suitable for multi-messengers versus multi-variables, and is helpful for constraining quantitatively the model parameters as well as their correlations.

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes are closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Arterial spin labeling (ASL) uses water proton in blood as an endogenous contrast agent to obtain CBF, which has attracted must attention in AD studies due to its advantages of non⁃invasiveness and safety. However, there is still a lack of uniformity in the implementation of ASL in clinical settings, and limited by sample size and different population cohorts, research results may be different or lack of universality, which lead to the fact that this technology has not yet been widely applied in AD. This article reviews the new research progress on the correlation between CBF measured by ASL and AD disease process, pathologic biomarkers, vascular pathological burden, apolipoprotein E ε4 (ApoEε4) gene, and cognitive impairment development, in order to provide guidance for the clinical application of ASL in AD.

The present study aims to the aesthetic requirements and the preferred style of college students in terms of the details of women′s suit style. Through the method of literature research, the design elements of women′s suit were separated, and the style details of women′s suit were investigated in the form of questionnaire. WEKA software was used to mine the results of consumers′ perceptual intention selection, and five representative women′s suits were obtained. Two subjective scales were used to obtain the overall sensory evaluation of the five clothes, and the correlation of the scale results was analyzed. The results showed that the subjects′ overall evaluation of the five clothes was positive, and there was a correlation between the popularity of women′s suits and seven groups of adjectives. It is concluded that when designing women′s suits for college students, designers should take into account the latest fashions, casualness and uniquneness, and reduce the maturity, complexity and roughness of the suit.

The formation and reactivity of surface methoxy species in methanol reaction over SSZ-13 zeolite were investigated by using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. The surface methoxy species bound to Brønsted acid sites was identified by two-dimensional 13C-27Al heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (HMQC) NMR experiment. The formation of another surface methoxy species bound to Lewis acid sites was also observed. The combination of 13C NMR and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the two kinds of surface methoxy species possess high reactivity, contributing to the formation of hydrocarbon pool species and hydrocarbons via the hydrocarbon pool mechanism.

The magnet of permanent magnet magnetic resonance instrument is susceptible to the interference of temperature and other environmental magnetic fields, resulting in fluctuations of the main magnetic field, which affects the repeatability and accuracy of the measurement. In this paper, two locking methods to solve the magnetic field fluctuation are discussed. On the one hand, the transient magnetic field caused by environmental fluctuation is detected by fluxgate sensor with high sensitivity, and then the field programmable gate array is used for real-time processing and calculation of the magnetic field compensation. On the other hand, the time-domain digital frequency discrimination locking method is employed for the slow magnetic field drift caused by changes in ambient temperature. After the locked sample being excited by radio frequency, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal is converted to a lower frequency range through frequency mixing, converted into a square wave signal, and directly sent to the field programmable gate array for periodic measurement. The magnetic field compensation amount is also obtained by calculation. The magnetic field compensation obtained by the two methods is superimposed, and then converted into current signal to drive B0 compensation coil mounted on the magnet, thereby a magnetic field locking system is developed to realize the locking of the magnetic field. The test is carried out on a 0.5 T food rapid detection magnetic resonance analyzer. When subjected to transient interference, the magnetic field can be stabilized within the range of ±4 Hz (corresponding to ±0.093 9 μT), and the magnetic field drift caused by temperature can also be accurately measured, which verifies the feasibility of the magnetic field locking method presented in this paper.

Under the background of increasingly serious energy crisis, promoting the development of building energy conservation can effectively alleviate the problem of an energy shortage, ensure stable economic development, and energy-saving design has gradually become a major component of building design. In this study, the numerical simulation method was used to take a building with typical features in Hefei as the research object, and the Ecotect energy analysis software was used to systematically analyze the influence of different orientations on the annual building energy consumption. The study found that the impact of building orientation on energy consumption showed a significant linear relationship. As the outdoor temperature increased, the cooling load gradually increased, and the heating load gradually decreased. Among them, the total energy consumption load was the smallest when the building orientation was southwest 15°, and the total energy consumption load was the largest when the building orientation was east-facing. The research results provide a reference for the energy-saving design of buildings in different orientations in the Hefei region.

In the era of the digital economy, the continuous development of digital technology has had profound effects across various industries. The 20th National Congress report of the Party also emphasizes the need to “promote digitalization in education.” This paper aims to explore new approaches to teaching design in the context of digitization, addressing the needs and challenges of modern society. Starting from the issues encountered in the professional teaching process, it analyzes students’ psychology, the trends in different specialized directions, and industry demands such as visual communication design, product design, environmental design, and digital media art. Leveraging digital empowerment, the paper proposes several innovative teaching approaches, including interdisciplinary teaching, project-driven teaching, integrated teaching, and collaborative teaching. The exploration of these teaching design strategies aims to break down disciplinary barriers, providing a broader space for the art and design discipline. The goal is to cultivate professionals better suited to the demands of social development, contributing to the field of education.

Computational pathology (CP) is an interdiscipline formed by pathology and informatics techniques such as artificial intelligence and computer vision. The research field of CP has been rapidly broadened from lesion detection and immunohistochemistry quantification to predictions of molecular and prognostic properties. CP models, applied intensively in clinics and research, will become an essential assistant tool for diagnosis and disease management. In this paper, we aim to review recent developments in the field of CP, and discuss major challenges and potential solutions in practice and research.

Airway management is a basic skill for emergency doctors. Difficult airways are one of the most important challenges. In 2022, the American Association of anesthesiologists published the fourth edition of guideline on the management of difficult airways, which provided us with the latest evidence-based medicine about the definition, evaluation, preparation, management and extubation of difficult airways. To improve the status of airway management of emergency doctors in China, this paper interprets the key points and updates the contents of the guidelines from the perspective of emergency medicine.

A young female patient presented with fever, arthralgia, and rash was diagnosed with adults still's disease. When treated with glucocorticoid steroid, the above patient progressed to anuria, sudden, and confusion. After a teamwork involving different departments, the patient was finally diagnosed with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) and treated with good outcome. aHUS is a rare disease, while Eculizumab is an orphan drug. The diagnosis and treatment of the patient reveals the importance of multidisciplinary team on the diagnosis and treatment of rare and difficult diseases.

Objective To report 2 pedigrees of early⁃onset familial Alzheimer's disease (EOFAD) caused by PSEN1 gene mutation, review previous studies and summarize the PSEN1 gene mutation sites, clinical presentation and genotype characteristics of EOFAD in China. Methods and Results The clinical data of 2 pedigrees with EOFAD from Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University were collected. Genomic DNA from peripheral venous blood of the proband was screened. Search the reported Chinese cases of EOFAD caused by PSEN1 gene mutation. In the Case 1 family, there were 3 members with memory loss, including the proband, onset at the age of 45. His head MRI showed mild atrophy of the cerebral cortex and bilateral hippocampus. A c.488A＞G (p.His163Arg) pathogenic mutation in the exon 6 of PSEN1 gene was found, proving the diagnosis. In the Case 2 family, there were 6 members with memory and working competence loss, including the proband, onset at the age of 42. Head MRI showed whole cerebral cortical atrophy and bilateral hippocampal atrophy, obviously on the left side. A c.344A＞G (p.Tyr115Cys) pathogenic mutation in the exon 5 of PSEN1 gene was found, proving the diagnosis. A total of 40 cases (including this 2 cases) of EOFAD patients caused by PSEN1 gene mutation in China were enrolled. Thirty⁃eight pathogenic mutation sites were reported. The age of onset ranged from 21 to 62 years old, and the course of disease ranged from 4 to 10 years. About 87.50% (35/40) of the patients' onset manifestation was progressive memory loss and then rapidly with multiple cognitive domains involved. Some patients manifested with extrapyramidal symptoms, epilepsy or ear symptoms. Conclusions c.488A＞G and c.344A＞G mutations in the PSEN1 gene were identified to cause EOFAD, and c.344A＞G mutation is the first report in China. EOFAD occurs early and progresses rapidly, and sometimes the initial symptoms may be atypical. Therefore, gene detection plays an important role in the diagnosis of the disease.

Advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in cancer have significantly increased the survival of cancer patients, which causes cancer itself and its treatment related sequelae and side effects appearing in their later life. Patients with cancer before, during and even many years after completion of therapies can exhibit cognitive impairment, negatively affecting cancer survivors' quality of life and functional independence. Internationally, patients with cancer complaining cognitive symptoms due to the disease itself and/or its therapy are called cancer⁃related cognitive impairment (CRCI). However, many aspects of the association between cancer and cognitive impairment remain uncertain. The definitive connection between systemic cancer and central nervous system is yet to be established. Therefore, this review summarizes the current evidence on potential pathophysiology in these patients with CRCI, emphasizing knowledge gaps and the potential strategies to address them.

The Modified-ASME model is mainly used for the failure assessment of ultra-fine particle nuclear graphite, but the model has not yet passed experimental verification. This article first uses ABAQUS software to establish a four-point stress experimental model to verify the Modified-ASME model. It is found that the error between the calculation result of the model and the experiment is more than 20%, which could not meet the requirement that the error in engineering design should be less than 18%. Therefore, the model should be optimized. This paper optimizes the Modified-ASME model based on the Brazilian disk experiment and the correction of Weibull parameters. The error between the optimized Modified-ASME model calculation results and the experiment is within 10%, which meets the design requirements.

The searching for potential quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase transition signals is a fundamental goal of on-going experiments on heavy-ion collisions, which is critical to understanding the properties of strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions, the inner structure of compact stars, gravitational waves emitted from neutron star mergers, etc. In particular, the beam energy scan program carried out at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) provides a unique tool that enables studies into the QCD phase diagram and the conjectured QCD critical point. Besides the event-by-event fluctuation of conserved charges, which has been widely accepted as a useful study of the QCD critical point, the production of light nuclei can serve as a sensitive observable to the QCD phase transitions in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The density fluctuation and correlation among nucleons are automatically encoded in the production of light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions. This study aims to demonstrate how to probe QCD phase transition with light nuclei production in heavy-ion collisions. The progress of studies in this area over the last few years is reviewed. The nucleon coalescence model provides a suitable tool for the study of the effects of density fluctuation/correlation on light nuclei production. A transport model based on the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model is developed to simulate the occurrence of the first-order chiral phase transition in heavy-ion collisions. Within the coalescence model for light nuclei production, the yield ratio NtNp/Nd2 of protons (p), deuterons(d), and tritons (t) is shown to be sensitive to the nucleon density fluctuation and correlation and can function as a good probe to the non-smooth QCD phase transition. The production of light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions encodes the information about baryon density fluctuations and correlations, and enhancements of the yield ratio NtNp/Nd2 could serve as an indicator for the occurrence of a first-order or second-order QCD phase transition.