Search

Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are employed as a promising template to prepare magnetic polymetallic alloys with hierarchical or hollow structure, being regarded as the promising candidates for the lightweight and high-performance electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials. However, the application of LDH-derived magnetic alloys in EMW absorption is still limited by the single loss mechanism and poor impedance matching properties. Coupling with dielectric materials is a viable strategy to solve the issue. Herein, flower-like hierarchical FeNi@C microspheres are fabricated by pyrolysis of FeNi-LDH precursors, which display excellent EMW absorption performance. Good impedance matching and strong absorption capability of the FeNi@C microspheres can be realized by regulating the phase composition and microstructure under different pyrolysis temperatures. When pyrolyzed at 700 °C, the FeNi@C microspheres exhibit a strong reflection loss (RL) of −30.4 dB with ultra-thin matching thickness of only 1.2 mm, achieving the widest effective bandwidth (RL < −10 dB) of 4.6 GHz at 1.4 mm. The superior EMW absorption performance of the FeNi@C-700 sample is ascribed to the synergistic effects of hierarchical structure with multiple reflection, FeNi particles with magnetic loss and carbon matrix with dielectric loss. Thus, the as-obtained FeNi@C microspheres can be a prospective lightweight EMW absorber. This work can also provide guidance for design and development of hierarchical LDH derivatives in EMW absorption. [Display omitted] • Flower-like FeNi@C microspheres were prepared. • FeNi nanoparticles were coated by carbon matrix to form the petals. • The minimum reflection loss achieved −30.5 dB at 1.2 mm. • The widest bandwidth was 4.6 GHz at 1.4 mm. • The performances were due to synergistic effects of components and structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of nanocrystalline La 1- x Bi x FeO 3 (0.0≤ x ≤ 0.5) ceramic powders were successfully prepared by the sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the crystal structure evolution and hyperfine interactions of the samples. The average diameter of the powders was revealed to be approximately 80 nm. All the samples were crystallized into an orthorhombic crystal structure (space group Pnma) with no second phase. The magnetization of the Bi-doped samples obviously improved with increasing Bi content. A remarkable antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic transition was detected at x ≥ 0.2, and a high coercive field of 23.05 kÖe was obtained with x = 0.5. The high correlation between the magnetization parameters and bonding characteristics indicated that significant stretching of the Fe3+-O d 2- bonds and a decrease in Fe3+-O d 2--Fe3+ linkage angles were the main origins of the strong ferromagnetism in the Bi-doped systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase relationships of the Ce-Pr-Fe ternary system at 600 °C were experimentally investigated using equilibrated alloys and diffusion junction samples with the use of electron probe microanalysis, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The isothermal section of the Ce-Pr-Fe system at 600 °C consists of 7 single-phase, 11 two-phase, and 5 three-phase regions. No ternary compound was found. The PrFe2 phase was observed in both ternary alloys and diffusion samples at normal pressure. The solid solubility of Ce in PrFe2 and Pr2Fe17 is 1.76 and 3.75 at.%, respectively. The solid solubility of Pr in CeFe2 and Ce2Fe17 is 13.21 and 0.77 at.%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crystal structure, magnetic, and microwave absorption properties of the (Nd1−xLax)2Fe14B system have been investigated. The La2Fe14B compound was successfully synthesized and refined, giving a tetragonal structure, space group P42/mnm with the Nd2Fe14B-type structure. The crystal structure parameters of the (Nd1−xLax)2Fe14B compounds were determined by full-profile Rietveld refinements. The results revealed that all intermediate alloys form a continuous solid solution. The normalized lattice parameters of the (Nd1−xLax)2Fe14B compounds increase linearly with an increase of La concentration. Based on the results of DSC measurements and X-ray powder diffraction examinations, the phase diagram of the Nd2Fe14B-La2Fe14B system has been constructed. The remanence (Mr) and coercivity (Hc) of (Nd1−xLax)2Fe14B (x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, and 0.40) gradually decrease. The highest reflection loss is − 29.8, − 27.4, − 24.1, − 18.6, and − 14.2 dB at 9.8, 8.9, 7.5, 6.9, and 6.5 GHz, respectively. The absorption peak shifts toward from higher frequency region to lower frequency region and the absorption bandwidth widens with the increase of the La substitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Functional core-shell heterostructure, which can integrate the characteristics of multiple components to achieve synergistic effects, have been widely explored in electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials. In this work, core-shell ZnO@ZnO/FeNi microrods (MRs) derived from ZnO@ZnFeNi hydroxide (ZnFeNi OH) are prepared by a simple hydrothermal reaction and subsequent pyrolysis process. The introduction of FeNi alloy helps to optimize the impedance matching of ZnO, thus improving the EMW absorption performance. The different impedance matching properties of core-shell ZnO@ZnO/FeNi MRs are realized by adjusting the ZnO/FeNi shell thickness by changing the hydrothermal reaction time. When the hydrothermal time is 10 h, the core-shell ZnO@ZnO/FeNi MRs supplies the optimal EMW absorption performance with the minimum reflection loss of −53.7 dB and the widest absorption bandwidth of 5.3 GHz at a filler content of 33%. The synergistic effect of ZnO–FeNi interfacial polarization and the strong dielectric-magnetic loss are responsible for its superior EMW absorption performance. This work provides a valuable strategy for constructing core-shell dielectric@ magnetic composites to obtained high efficiency absorber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• BaFe 12 O 19 /CeO 2 composites were prepared by solid-state reaction method. • BaFe 12 O 19 is a high magnetic ferrite and CeO 2 is a dielectric semiconductor. • The minimum reflection loss achieved − 51.2 dB. • The absorption ability was improved due to the synergistic effects of BaFe 12 O 19 &CeO 2. Hexagonal barium ferrite (BaFe 12 O 19) is a promising microwave absorption material, due to high magnetic loss and stable chemical state. However, the poor electrical performance of BaFe 12 O 19 will lead to impedance mismatch and poor absorption capacity. Compounding with other dielectric materials is a feasible way to solve the above problems. In this work, BaFe 12 O 19 + x% CeO 2 (x = 0, 0.16, 0.31, and 0.64) were prepared by conventional solid state reaction method. The microwave absorption performance of BaFe 12 O 19 /CeO 2 composites was significantly improved in comparison with single BaFe 12 O 19 , which is mainly correlated with the synergistic effects of magnetic loss, dielectric loss and multiple reflections. The x = 0.31 sample exhibited the minimum reflection loss of − 51.2 dB at 6.5 GHz and bandwidth with the loss above 10 dB is about 2.7 GHz. In addition, when x = 0.64, the reflection loss of - 23.6 dB could be achieved at only 1.8 mm and effective bandwidth is 3 GHz. Consequently, the facile preparation pathway and excellent performance make BaFe 12 O 19 /CeO 2 composite a promising candidate for efficient low-frequency electromagnetic wave absorbing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The RE-Ni (RE = La, Ce, Nd, Tb and Ho) binary systems have been optimized thermodynamically using the CALPHAD (CALculation of PhAse Diagram) method based on experimental phase equilibrium and thermodynamic property data. The solution phases including the liquid phase and terminal solid solution phases were modeled by the substitutional solution model with the excess Gibbs energy being described by the Redlich–Kister polynomials. The binary intermetallic compounds REaNib were treated either as stoichiometric phases or by using the two-sublattice model to consider the homogeneity ranges of the compounds. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters of the RE-Ni (RE = La, Ce, Nd, Tb and Ho) binary systems was obtained, which can be used to reproduce well the experimental data. Furthermore, in combination with the reported assessments of the RE-Ni (RE = Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy, Er and Y) binary systems, the phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of the RE-Ni (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er and Y) binary systems were examined systematically. A trend was shown for the variation of phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties as a function of the RE atomic number. In general, as the atomic number of the rare earth metals increases, the phase transition/reaction temperatures of the RE-Ni intermetallic compounds become higher and higher, and the enthalpies of mixing of liquid RE-Ni (except for Sm-Ni) alloys as well as the enthalpies of formation of the RE-Ni (except for Y-Ni and Sm-Ni) intermetallic compounds become increasingly negative. This trend demonstrates stronger RE-Ni bonds in binary systems containing heavier rare earth elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase relationships in the La–Ni–Si ternary system at 673 K were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). All phase relationships were studied at 673 K. At this temperature, the existence of 14 ternary compounds has been confirmed. This section consists of 35 single-phase regions, 78 two-phase regions, and 47 three-phase regions. At 673 K, the maximum solid solubility of Si in Ni, La2Ni7, LaNi5, and La2NiSi is about 9, 3, 8.33, and 5 at.%, respectively. Several ternary compounds form a homogeneity region which can be expressed as LaNi11.6–9.5Si1.4–3.5, LaNi8.8–8.4Si4.2–4.6, and LaNi7.8–6.5Si5.2–6.5. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• A low melting point eutectic alloy Tb 62.5 Co 37.5 as a grain boundary additive was designed and prepared in accordance with the binary alloy phase diagram. • With the addition of 0.5 wt% Tb 62.5 Co 37.5 powders, the remanence increased from 11.1 to 11.86 kGs owing to the optimization of microstructure of the magnet. • The intrinsic coercivity of the magnet was significantly improved due to the formation of an ideal (Nd, Pr, Tb) 2 Fe 14 B core–shell structure. • The remarkable improvement in the corrosion resistance of the magnet owing to the optimization of the composition of the grain boundary phase. To increase the coercivity and corrosion resistance of Nd–Fe–B sintered magnets in high temperature and highly corrosive environments, low melting point Tb 62.5 Co 37.5 alloy powders were added to the starting magnets through intergranular addition. In this study, the magnetic properties, corrosion resistance, and microstructure of magnets were investigated after adding various contents of Tb 62.5 Co 37.5 powders. The coercivity of the magnet was significantly improved from 18.20 to 27.10 kOe when a small amount of Tb 62.5 Co 37.5 powder was added; also, the remanence first increased and then slightly decreased. The microstructure and composition of the modified magnets were studied; it was found that the significant increase in coercivity and the negligible reduction in remanence is because of the densification, improved grain alignment, uniform and continuous Nd-rich phase distribution, as well as the generation of a (Nd, Pr, Tb) 2 Fe 14 B "core–shell" structure surrounding the main phase grain. Furthermore, the corrosion resistance of the magnets was improved significantly owing to the reduction in the electrochemical potential difference between the Nd 2 Fe 14 B main phase and the Nd-rich phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Nano-spinel powder samples of Co 1– x Ni x Fe 2 O 4 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) were successfully synthesized by sol–gel method. • Ni doping changes the ion concentration at the [A][B] position and affects the magnetic properties of CoFe 2 O 4. • Different microwave absorption mechanisms of Co 1– x Ni x Fe 2 O 4 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) samples. • The Co 1– x Ni x Fe 2 O 4 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) samples exhibit excellent microwave absorption performance. In this paper, the Co 1− x Ni x Fe 2 O 4 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) ferrite material sample was successfully synthesized by the sol–gel combustion method. Using XRD to detect the phase, it was found that a pure sample was prepared, and the corresponding unit cell model was established using XRD data. At the same time, using Raman spectroscopy analysis, the change of the T2g(1) peak in the Raman spectrum indicates that the doping of Ni2+ ions replaces the Co2+ ions in the tetrahedral position, and the high-frequency shoulder-like characteristics also indicate that the octahedral position has been replaced. The substitution of Ni2+ ions for Co2+ ions causes lattice distortion, which leads to the destruction of the ferromagnetic sequence and thus changes in magnetic properties. Microscopic observation was performed with SEM to observe the structure. It was found that with the doping of Ni2+ iron, the grain size gradually decreased, and the decrease of the grain size would have an impact on the space charge polarization. At the same time, the phenomenon of electronic polarization was found in the analysis of the microwave absorption mechanism. To explain the occurrence of this phenomenon, Raman detection was performed on the sample. The Raman detection is combined with the bond length and bond angle changes in the unit cell to analyze the Ni element. The reason for doping electron polarization. When the Ni doping amount is 0.1, the reflection loss of Co 1− x Ni x Fe 2 O 4 at 16.24 GHz is 37.66 dB, the corresponding thickness is 2.1 mm, and the effective frequency band is 2.64 GHz, which meets the requirements of light, thin and wide microwave absorbing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Element substitution is an important means of preparing high-performance microwave absorbing materials by adjusting their physicochemical properties. The sol-gel method is employed as the primary technique in this study to synthesize a range of Ca 2- x La x Fe 2 O 5 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) iron oxide materials by regulating the quantity of La element added. The Ca 1.8 La 0.2 Fe 2 O 5 has a minimum reflection loss (RL min) of −41.64 dB at a thickness of 2.2 mm, with an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL ≤ −10dB) of 3.36 GHz. At an ultra-thin thickness of 1.8 mm, the RL min ＝－35.62 dB, and the effective absorption bandwidth is 4.48 GHz (almost occupying the entire Ku band). Ca 1.8 La 0.2 Fe 2 O 5 has the potential to become a new high-performance microwave absorbing material. The electromagnetic (EM) simulation results show that the sample had excellent radar cross-section reduction ability over a wide range of incident angles. This work provides guidance and ideas for the design and application of Ca 2 Fe 2 O 5 in electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigated the influence of Nd substitution on the microstructure, element valences, magnetic characteristics, and microwave absorption performances of Bi 1– x Nd x FeO 3 (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) nanopowders prepared via the sol-gel technique. The crystal structure of the nanopowders transformed from a twisted rhombohedral (R3c) for x ≤ 0.10 to cubic (Pm 3 ¯ m) for x = 0.15. When Nd substitution increased, the particle size gradually decreased and the surface morphology became uniform. Analysis of the results illustrate that Nd substitution can reduce the content of oxygen vacancies and effectively enhance magnetic performance. The results show that an appropriate amount of Nd doping can effectively enhance the microwave absorption performance of the Bi 1– x Nd x FeO 3 nanopowders. The sample with x = 0.10 demonstrates exceptionally good microwave absorption characteristics (RL min value of approximately −33.7 dB at 12.1 GHz and the maximum effective bandwidth of 2.8 GHz at 2.0 mm). Therefore, the Bi 1– x Nd x FeO 3 nanopowders have various potential applications due to outstanding microwave absorption performance and wide bandwidth. Image 1 • The Bi 1– x Nd x FeO 3 (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) nanopowders were readily prepared. • Nd-doping causes a transition from rhombohedral structure to cubic structure. • An decrease oxygen vacancies is observed with Nd doping. • Nd substitution can effectively improve the magnetic properties and microwave absorption properties of BiFeO 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase equilibrium relationships of the Ho-Fe-B system at 800 °C were investigated using diffusion couples and aided by the application of equilibrium alloys. This is critical for the design of high performance multiphase rare earth permanent magnetic materials. The experimental data were obtained from diffusion couples using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA),and the isothermal section of the Ho-Fe-B system at 800 °C was established. The X-ray diffraction was used to analyze eight essential equilibrium alloys at 800 °C to further determine the reliability of the diffusion couple determination phase diagram. Experimental results clearly show the applicability of the diffusion couples' approach in determining such complex phase diagrams as Ho-Fe-B. The isothermal section at 800 °C was constructed from the results obtained from diffusion couples which contains 17 three-phase equilibrium regions and three stable ternary compounds Ho 2 Fe 14 , Ho 5 Fe 17 B 17 and HoFeB 3. • The phase equilibrium relationship of Ho-Fe-B ternary system is determined by diffusion couple method. • Intermetallic compounds: Ho 2 Fe 14 B, Ho 5 Fe 17 B 17 and HoFeB 3. • High performance multi-phase rare earth permanent magnetic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LaNiO 3 is considered electromagnetic wave-absorbing material owing to its unique crystal structure and controllable dielectric constant. However, the effect of ion doping modification on microwave absorption performance remains to be thoroughly investigated. In this study, LaNi 1− x Ba x O 3 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06) was prepared through sol-gel methods. The reflection loss (RL) of the sample in the 2−18 GHz band was calculated using transmission line theory. Specifically, LaNi 0.96 Ba 0.04 O 3 exhibited superior results, with an RL value of −34.54 dB at d = 3 mm and f = 6.80 GHz, indicating effective absorption within the C-band. These results suggest that adding an appropriate amount of Ba ions to the material can effectively regulate the electromagnetic parameters and optimize impedance matching. Introducing Ba ions into the crystal interior produces abundant defects, which provide active sites for multipolarization and ultimately improve the wave-absorbing properties of the material. In addition, radar cross section(RCS) simulations simulation after coating the samples on original ideal conductor (PEC) substrates provide support for potential practical applications of the material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The isothermal section of the Dy–Co–Cr ternary system at 500°C was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), metallography and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The isothermal section consists of 11 single-phase regions, 20 two-phase regions and 10 three-phase regions. The only ternary compound DyCo12−x Cr x (space group I4/mmm) with ThMn12-type structure was confirmed in this system. The homogeneity range in DyCO12−x Cr x was found to be about x =3.6–4.4. The lattice parameters for DyCO12−x Cr x with 3.6≤ x ≤4.4 are a =0.8312–0.8334nm and c =0.4706–0.4722nm. The maximum solid solubilities of Cr in Dy2Co17, DyCo3 and DyCo2 are about 16.0, 5.0 and 17.0at.%, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The isothermal section of the phase diagram of the Tb–Fe–V ternary system at 700°C was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. It consists of 8 single-phase regions, 15 two-phase regions and 8 three-phase regions. The ternary compound TbFe12−x V x (1.8≤ x ≤3.0, space group I4/mmm) with ThMn12-type structure was confirmed in this system. The solid solubilities of V in Fe, Tb2Fe17 and TbFe2 is about 22.0, 2.5 and 3.3at.%, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Phase equilibria in the Dy–Fe–Cr system were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques and the isothermal section at 773K was obtained. It consists of 8 single-phase regions, 14 two-phase regions and 7 three-phase regions. The existence of the compound DyFe12−x Cr x (1.6≤ x ≤3.0, space group I4/mmm) with ThMn12-type structure was confirmed. The maximum solid solubility of Cr in Fe, Dy2Fe17, Dy6Fe23, DyFe3 and DyFe2 is about 15, 13, 6, 5 and 16at.%, respectively. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The La–Ni–V isothermal section at 500°C has been investigated in the whole composition range by means of X-ray diffraction, optical and scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis. It consists of 14 single-phase regions, 25 two-phase regions and 12 three-phase regions. At 500°C, the maximum solid solubility of V in Ni, LaNi5, La2Ni7 and LaNi3 is about 16at.%, 5at.%, 3at.% and 2.5at.%, respectively. The phase equilibria resulting from the large number of binary and ternary compounds were determined. No ternary compounds have been observed in this work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The isothermal section of the phase diagram of the ternary system Y–Mg–Ni (Ni≥50%) was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The isothermal section consists of 13 single-phase regions, 25 two-phase regions and 13 three-phase regions. At 673K, the existence of two ternary compounds YMgNi4 (space group , a =7.1853nm) and YMg2Ni9 (space group , a =4.8666(5)nm, c =23.7733(5)nm) were confirmed. No other ternary compound was found and no solid solubility was observed in this work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The phase relations in the binary Tb–Ni system have been established experimentally by means of a study of alloy samples in the as-cast and annealed states. The alloys were prepared by arc melting. The investigation was carried out using physical methods of analyses (metallography, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA)). The phase diagram of the Tb–Ni system is presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The phase relations in the Nd–Al–Ti ternary system at 500 °C were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The existence of two ternary compounds NdTi2Al20 and Nd6Ti4Al43 were confirmed. The isothermal section of this ternary system consists of 15 single-phase regions, 29 two-phase regions, and 15 three-phase regions. At 500 °C, the maximum solid solubilities of Ti in Nd3Al, Nd2Al, and NdAl2 is about 2.4, 3.5, and 16.1 at.%, respectively, and that of Nd in Ti, Ti3Al, TiAl is less than 1 at.%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper, a high-purity NdFe 1-x Ni x O 3 perovskite-type material was prepared by a simple sol method. At the same time, adjust the substitution content of nickel to achieve the purpose of adjusting the dielectric properties and magnetic properties. According to the respective instruments, as Ni is substituted into the NdFeO 3 , the crystal microstructure will change to a certain extent, and there is a certain causal relationship between the magnetic properties and the bonding. Therefore, by adding a certain amount of nickel, the dielectric properties and magnetic properties can be adjusted to a certain balance point. NdFe 1-x Ni x O 3 material has excellent microwave absorption performance. When x = 0.2, the minimum reflection loss value is −49.32, and the corresponding impedance matching value is 1, and the effective bandwidth is 2.2 GHz when the thickness is 5.0 mm. The material that adjusts the perovskite structure by Ni element is beneficial to make the microwave absorption peak move from high frequency to low frequency, which has a wider application range and is closer to civil, commercial, military and aerospace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aqueous aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) have great potential as devices for future large-scale energy storage systems due to the cost efficiency, environmentally friendly nature, and impressive theoretical energy density of Al. However, currently, available materials used as anodes for aqueous AIBs are scarce. In this study, a novel sol-gel method was used to synthesize nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO2) as a potential anode material for AIBs in water. The annealed N-TiO2 showed a high discharge capacity of 43.2 mAh g−1 at a current density of 3 A g−1. Analysis of the electrode kinetics revealed that the N-TiO2 anodes exhibited rapid diffusion of aluminum ions, low resistance to charge transfer, and high electronic conductivity, enabling good rate performance. The successful implementation of a nitrogen-doping strategy provides a promising approach to enhance the electrochemical characteristics of electrode materials for aqueous AIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to understand the intrinsic properties of high abundance permanent magnet materials, effects of Co element on the structure, magnetic, and microwave absorption properties of La12.5(Fe1-xCox)81.3B6.2 alloys have been investigated with x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3. The X-ray diffraction results revealed that compounds of La12.5(Fe1-xCox)81.3B6.2 crystallized the Nd2Fe14B-type structure with the space group P42/mnm. The saturation magnetization of the powders increases with the Co content increasing, 97.7 emu/g for x = 0.3. The minimum absorption peak value of La12.5(Fe1-xCox)81.3B6.2 alloy reaches about − 18.69 dB at 10.56 GHz with the matching thickness of 2.5 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, porous Ce-doped CaFe 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 3–δ (CFMO) with good microwave absorption properties is reported for the first time. Herein, Ce x Ca 1−x Fe 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 3−δ (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) (Ce-CFMO) sample powders were prepared by sol–gel method after calcination at 750 °C. Ce-CFMO was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, and VSM, and the Ce-CFMO was also mixed with paraffin wax for VNA. The addition of Ce led to enhanced porosity, enhanced interfacial polarization, enhanced defect polarization, and higher oxygen vacancy content in the CFMO. This resulted in enhanced charge polarization and dipole polarization as well as significant optimization of the impedance matching of CFMO. The unique pore structure of the CFMO is the main reason for its microwave absorption performance. Moreover, the preparation method of this material is simple and its cost is low, providing it with wide application prospects. CFMO has not yet been applied in the field of microwave absorbing materials, and there is still a lot of room for development in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The isothermal section at 773 K of the phase diagram of Pr-Fe-Ni system was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy. The isothermal section consists of 11 single phase regions, 19 two-phase regions and 9 three-phase regions. The maximum solid solubilities of Fe in Ni, PrNi 5 , Pr 2 Ni 7 , PrNi 3 , PrNi 2 , Pr 7 Ni 3 and Pr 3 Ni are about 80.0, 18.2, 15.4, 11.8, 1.9, 1.7 and 4.4 at%, respectively. The maximum solid solubilities of Ni in Fe and Pr 2 Fe 17 are about 5.0 and 1.2 at%, respectively. The solid solubility of Fe in PrNi phase is negligible. The influence of Fe substitution on the microwave absorbing properties of the PrNi 5 alloy was investigated. The frequency corresponding to the minimum absorption peak of Pr 16.67 Ni 83.33-x Fe x (x = 0.0–17.5) shifts towards higher frequency region upon the Fe substitution. The Pr 16.67 Ni 68.33 Fe 15.0 alloy exhibits the best microwave absorption properties. The minimum reflection loss of Pr 16.67 Ni 68.33 Fe 15.0 powder is −35.10 dB at 9.76 GHz, and the frequency bandwidth of reflection loss smaller than −10 dB reaches about 1.60 GHz with the best matching thickness of 1.5 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the outstanding electrochemical performance of LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 porous microellipsoids with a core–shell configuration synthesized by a simple self-template method. The structure and electrochemical properties of the products are investigated via X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method and various electrochemical analysis techniques. LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4 porous microellipsoids have a discharge capacity of 110.3 mA h g −1 after 400 cycles at a rate of 5C (735 mA g −1 ). The capacity retention ratio is 93.7% of the maximum capacity (142.3 mA h g −1 ) after 150 cycles under 5C rate at elevated temperature (55 °C). The porous ellipsoidal product could be a promising cathode material for high-performance lithium ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase equilibria of the Er-Al-Zr ternary system at 500 °C were investigated using a combination of electron probe microanalyzer and x-ray diffraction. The microstructure and diffraction peaks were analyzed to determine the phases and compositions of Er-Al-Zr ternary system. Based on the experimental results, the isothermal phase diagram of the Er-Al-Zr ternary system consists of 14 three-phase equilibrium regions, 15 two-phase equilibrium regions, and 13 stable binary compounds, but no ternary compounds were detected. The solubility of Er in the Al2Zr, Al3Zr2, AlZr, Al3Zr4, Al2Zr3 is 9.9, 5.3, 9.0, 12.4, 6.7 at.%, respectively. The present work could be important for alloy design of Al-based alloys and thermodynamic analysis of the Er-Al-Zr ternary system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thermodynamic evaluation of the Er–Sc binary system was performed using the Calphad method, computing thermodynamic parameters for the Liquid phase, Hcp phase, and Bcc phase. The calculated results align well with existing experimental phase diagrams. Furthermore, by employing electron probe microanalysis and X-ray diffraction testing, the phase equilibria for the Al–Er-Sc ternary system at 600 °C were determined. Experimental findings indicated that both Al–Er and Al–Sc binary systems exhibit some solubility for the third component when extended to the ternary system. Leveraging thermodynamic parameters from the literature for Al–Er and Al–Sc binary system and those calculated for the Er–Sc binary system in this work, a comprehensive thermodynamic evaluation of the Al–Er-Sc ternary system is carried out. The computed results exhibit good agreement with the experimental data, providing consistent and reasonable thermodynamic parameters for the isothermal and vertical sections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, multilayer self-assembled multifunctional bamboo shoot shell biochar microspheres (BSSBM) were prepared, in which bamboo shoot shell biochar was used as the carrier, titanium dioxide as the intermediate medium, and chitosan as the adhesion layer. The adsorption behavior of BSSBM on heavy metals Ag(I) and Pd(II), antibiotics, and dye wastewater was systematically analyzed. BSSBM shows a wide range of adsorption capacity. BSSBM is a promising candidate for the purification of real polluted water, not only for metal ions, but also for Tetracycline (TC) and Methylene Blue (MB). The maximum adsorption amounts of BSSBM on Pd(II), Ag(I), TC and MB were 417.3 mg/g, 222.5 mg/g, 97.2 mg/g and 42.9 mg/g, respectively.The adsorption of BSSBM on Pd(II), MB and TC conformed to the quasi-first kinetic model, and the adsorption on Ag(I) conformed to the quasi-second kinetic model. BSSBM showed remarkable selective adsorption capacity for Ag(I) and Pd(II) in a multi-ion coexistence system. BSSBM not only realized the high value-added utilization of waste, but also had the advantages of low cost, renewable and selective adsorption. BSSBM demonstrated its potential as a new generation of multifunctional adsorbent, contributing to the recovery of rare/precious metals and the treatment of multi-polluted water. [Display omitted] • Outstanding selective adsorption capacity of silver (I) and palladium (II). • The adsorption amount of silver (I) and palladium (II) can reach 417.3 and 222.5 mg/g. • Waste recycling and water purification are realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses the challenge of platinum-group metal scarcity by exploring the adsorption of these metals from industrial wastewater. An inexpensive adsorbent with selective platinum-group metal adsorption capacity, named chitosan/citric acid@diatomaceous earth-sugarcane bagasse (CTS/CA@DE-SBS), was newly synthesized. The material features a double coating of chitosan and diatomite on bagasse biochar, and it exhibits an excellent adsorption performance for platinum-group metals due to the synergistic effects of the biochar and chitosan-diatomaceous earth intercross-linked coatings. CTS/CA@DE-SBS achieved an 81 % adsorption efficiency and a static saturated adsorption capacity of 217 mg/g for Pt (IV) in water. Notably, the material exhibited selective adsorption properties for platinum-group metals dissolved in diverse aqueous solutions. The potential for the secondary recovery of platinum-group metals in complex aqueous bodies further underscores the significance of this adsorbent. In conclusion, this research introduces a promising solution for platinum-group metal shortages, offering a cost-effective and selective adsorbent with potential applications in the secondary recovery of these metals from industrial wastewater. [Display omitted] • CTS/CA@DE-SBS achieves 81 % Pt(IV) adsorption from wastewater. • Synergistic biochar and chitosan-diatomaceous earth coatings enhance performance. • Cost-effective with ultralow expenses compared to alternatives. • Selective adsorption for platinum-group metals in diverse aqueous solutions. • Potential for secondary recovery in complex aqueous bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase structure and microstructure of Sm12Co88−xCux (x = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10; at.%) as-cast alloys and melt-spun ribbons prepared via the arc-melting method and melt-spun technology were studied experimentally by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results reveal that the Sm12Co88−xCux (x = 0) as-cast alloy contains Sm2Co17 and Sm5Co19 phases, while the Sm12Co88−xCux (x = 2) as-cast alloy is composed of Sm2Co17, Sm2Co7 and Sm(Co, Cu)5 phases. Sm2Co17 and Sm(Co, Cu)5 phases are detected in Sm12Co88−xCux (x = 4, 6, 8, 10) as-cast alloys. Meanwhile, Sm12Co88−xCux ribbons show a single SmCo7 phase, which is still formed in the ribbons annealed at 1023 K for one hour. After annealed at 1123 K for two hours, cooled slowly down to 673 K at 0.5 K/min and then kept for four hours, the ribbons are composed of Sm2Co17 and Sm(Co, Cu)5 phases. The magnetic measurements of Sm12Co88−xCux ribbons were performed by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results exhibit that the maximum magnetic energy product ((BH)max), the coercivity (Hcj) and the remanence (Br) of the Sm12Co88−xCux ribbons increase generally with the increase in Cu substitution. In particular, the magnetic properties of the ribbons annealed at 1123 K and 673 K increase significantly with the increase in Cu substitution, resulting from the increase in the volume fraction of the formed Sm(Co, Cu)5 phase after heat treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Porous LiMn 2 O 4 microellipsoids with a solid-core@void@porous-shell configuration are synthesized by a facile self-template method. The structure and morphology of the microellipsoids are characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) techniques. The electrochemical properties are investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and charge–discharge testing methods. Porous core–shell microellipsoids exhibit excellent rate capability and cycling performance as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries. At a high rate of 10 C, LiMn 2 O 4 microellipsoids maintain 70% of the discharge capacity obtained at 1 C rate. The capacity retains 90.1% after 400 cycles at a discharge rate of 5 C at room temperature. LiMn 2 O 4 microellipsoids also show good cycling performance with the capacity retention of 77.1% after 200 cycles under 5 C rate at elevated temperature (55 °C). A high chemical diffusion coefficient of lithium ion in LiMn 2 O 4 microellipsoids is determined by cyclic voltammetry method, suggesting the fast Li-ion intercalation kinetics and excellent high-rate performance. Porous LiMn 2 O 4 microellipsoids could be a competitive cathode material for high-performance Li-ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A low melting point eutectic alloy Ho 69.3 Ni 30.7 as a grain boundary additive was designed. • This paper proposes a high-efficiency green physical method to treat these waste products for reuse. • The regenerated magnets obtained the best magnetic properties and the reflection loss of the regenerated magnet in 2wt% Ho 69.3 Ni 30.7. The Nd-Fe-B regenerated magnets are prepared by adding low melting point Ho 69.3 Ni 30.7 alloy at the grain boundary, and the microstructure, structure and overall performance of the Nd-Fe-B regenerated magnets are studied. The results show that the addition of Ho 69.3 Ni 30.7 alloy to grain boundary can optimize the distribution of grain boundary phase, accompanied by the formation of clear and continuous grain boundary phase, which weakens the exchange coupling effect between the adjacent main phases. Meanwhile, the coercivity of the regenerated magnet increases with the increase of Ho 69.3 Ni 30.7 alloy content. The optimal coercivity (16.35 kOe) was obtained at 2 wt% Ho 69.3 Ni 30.7 additions, and the coercivity increased by 1.24 kOe (8.2%) compared with the initial magnet (15.11 kOe). In addition, with the addition of Ho 69.3 Ni 30.7 alloy, the curie temperature of Nd-Fe-B regenerated magnet increased from 303.2℃ to 305.6℃. The reflection loss of regenerated magnet reached −26.42 dB when the amount of 2 wt% Ho 69.3 Ni 30.7 was added, which greatly improved the absorbing performance of the regenerated magnet. Finally, the secondary utilization of waste Nd-Fe-B magnets was realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bi x Ba 1- x Fe 12 O 19 (Bi–BFO, x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) absorbing materials were successfully prepared employing the sol-gel method. In this study, the effects of Bi introduction on the phase structure, microstructure, magnetic properties, and wave absorption properties of the materials were investigated in detail. The introduction of Bi enhances the dielectric properties and electrical conductivity of the material, which improves charge and dipole polarization. Elemental doping changes the microstructure of the sample, which leads to interface and defect polarization and improves the wave absorption performance of the material. At the same time, Bi doping allows for the calcination temperature to be lowered and increases the density of the material, which renders the material amenable to low-temperature preparation. The absorbing material has a variety of loss forms, with the maximum reflection loss being −43.6 dB when the thickness is 2.4 mm, and the reflection peak shifts to lower frequencies with increasing Bi content. The effective absorption bandwidth (RL < −10 dB) is 6.3 GHz in the range of 9–15.3 GHz. Compared with multi-element doping and multi-component composites, the preparation method of the absorbing material is simple and facile. Compared with the existing ferrite materials, this material has broader applicability in various fields as it can absorb a wider bandwidth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Y 2 O 3 has emerged as a promising material for electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption due to its excellent dielectric properties. However, the inherent insulating nature and single loss mechanism limit its absorption performance. Research on the microstructure modulation and component regulation of Y 2 O 3 -based absorbers remains relatively unexplored. In this work, Y 2 O 3 /C composites with flower-like architectures were synthesized for the first time via a metal-organic framework (MOFs) templating method. The effects of pyrolysis temperature on the microstructure, phase composition, and EMW absorption performance of the Y 2 O 3 /C composites were systematically investigated. At a pyrolysis temperature of 800 °C, the flower-like Y 2 O 3 /C microsphere exhibited optimal EMW absorption performance. The minimum reflection loss (RL) of pristine Y 2 O 3 was only −4.75 dB, while the Y 2 O 3 /C composite achieved a minimum RL of −51.77 dB and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth of 4.32 GHz. Moreover, by simply adjusting the matching thickness, the optimal sample exhibited strong absorption (RL < −30 dB) over a wide frequency range of 4–18 GHz. The incorporation of carbon effectively neutralized the insulating nature of Y 2 O 3 , thereby optimizing the impedance matching. The synergistic effects of multiple loss mechanisms, including polarization loss, resistance loss, and interfacial polarization, facilitated substantial EMW attenuation. This study provides a promising strategy for the design and fabrication of high-performance rare-earth oxide EMW absorbers with tunable morphologies and properties. • The Y 2 O 3 /C composites are derived from Y-MOF-74. • Y 2 O 3 /C composites have a stable flower-like structure. • The strong reflection loss is −51.77 dB and the widest bandwidth is 4.32 GHz. • The impedance matching plays a determining role in Electromagnetic wave absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the remarkable performances of rare earth multiferroic ortho-ferrites with magnetic optical and dielectric properties, the Y 1- x Sr x FeO 3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15) perovskite structure microwave absorbing ferrite materials was successfully synthesized by Sr2+ ions A-site doping based on sol-gel technology in this paper. The XRD of all samples was refined with FullProf software, which confirmed the formation of the orthogonal perovskite structure (SG: Pnma). The SEM and TEM results display the average particles size of the samples is distributed between 110 and 160 nm. The increase of Sr doping concentration leads to the increase of particles size, which may be related to the growth of preferred orientation and incomplete substitution. The XPS analysis shows that Fe3+ was accompanied by the presence of Fe2+ with the doping of Sr2+ ions and oxygen vacancies increased significantly. The samples change from weak ferromagnetic state to paramagnetic state with the increase of Sr content. The minimum reflection loss (RL) of the Y 0.95 Sr 0.05 FeO 3 samples at 12.2 GHz reached −30.87 dB with thickness of 2.2 mm, where its effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL ≤ −10 dB) reached 2.4 GHz (11.3–13.7 GHz). Moreover, the EAB of the Y 0.85 Sr 0.15 FeO 3 samples reached 2.64 GHz, and the corresponding range is 9.0–11.6 GHz (X-band). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microstructure and magnetic properties are systematically investigated to figure out what effect does the Cu content have on (Pr0.25Nd0.75)2Fe13.85-xCo0.1Ti0.05CuxB alloys in this work. The experimental result shows the optimal magnetic properties that the remanent magnetization Jr = 1.13 T, the coercivity Hcj = 588.56 kA/m, and the maximum magnetic energy product (BH)max = 260.66 kJ/m3 at the Cu content x = 0.6. However, it shows that Cu addition can promote the formation of the amorphous phase, which is an important reason for the coercivity decrease. Microstructure observation indicates that the reason for the magnetic property decrease is that the hard 2:14:1 magnetic phases and soft α-Fe phases display a state of irregular distribution with Cu content increasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of La and Ce substitution on phase formation and magnetic properties of (Nd1−2xRExPrx)2.28Fe13.58B1.14 (rare earth [RE] = La and Ce; x = 0.05 and 0.10, hereafter defined as La5Pr5, La10Pr10, Ce5Pr5, and Ce10Pr10) ribbons prepared via melt‐spinning technology are studied experimentally. According to the phase structure analysis of as‐cast alloys and melt‐spun ribbons, the as‐cast alloys are composed of the 2:14:1‐type main phase with the tetragonal Nd2Fe14B structure and α‐Fe minor phase, whereas the melt‐spun ribbons are a single 2:14:1‐type main phase, except for La5Pr5 ribbon with an additional α‐Fe minor phase. Based on magnetic measurements, the magnetic properties of La5Pr5, La10Pr10, Ce5Pr5, and Ce10Pr10 melt‐spun ribbons are determined. The remanence (Br), the coercivity (Hcj), and the maximum magnetic energy product ((BH)max) of La5Pr5 and La10Pr10 increase greatly, whereas Br and (BH)max of Ce5Pr5 and Ce10Pr10 decrease and Hcj of these two ribbons increases. Meanwhile, the Curie temperatures (Tc) of all the ribbons reduce with increasing La–Pr and Ce–Pr substitutions. In particular, La10Pr10 ribbon and Ce5Pr5 ribbon as Nd–Fe–B ribbons with La–Pr and Ce–Pr substitutions exhibit better magnetic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neutron diffraction is used to reveal the origin and control of the thermal expansion properties of the cubic intermetallic compounds Mn3ZnxN and Mn3[Zn-(Ag,Ge)]xN. We show that the introduction of Zn vacancies induces and stabilizes an antiferromagnetic phase with huge spin-lattice coupling that can be tuned to achieve zero thermal expansion (ZTE) over a wide temperature range. We further show that the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature (TN) that controls this ZTE can be tuned by chemical substitution, again on the Zn site, to adjust the span of ZTE temperatures from well above room temperature to well below. This establishes a quantitative relationship and mechanism to precisely control the ZTE of a single material, enabling it to be tailored for specific device applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Phase equilibria were established in the Dy–Co–V ternary system at 773K by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result shows that the isothermal section consists of 13 single-phase regions, 23 two-phase regions and 12 three-phase regions. The maximum solid solubilities of V in (Co), Dy2Co17, DyCo3, DyCo2, Dy12Co7 and Dy3Co are about 6.5, 10.0, 2.0, 6.3, 1.5 and 5.0at.% V, respectively. It is found that there is some homogeneity range in the only ternary compound of DyCo12−x V x with x = 1.6–3.8 at 773K. There is no solubility of V in Dy2Co7 observed at 773k. The binary compounds Dy4Co3 and DyCo5 are not observed at 773K. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The thermal stability and refined crystal structure of ternary La 2 Fe 14 B compound were investigated by integrating X-ray powder diffraction, electron probe microanalyzer and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. It was found that La 2 Fe 14 B is a high-temperature stable ternary compound, which decomposes with a eutectoid reaction: La 2 Fe 14 B→La + Fe + LaFe 4 B 4 at 794 °C and melts via a peritectic reaction: Fe + Fe 2 B + Liquid→La 2 Fe 14 B at 926 °C. By investigating the effects of La substitution on the magnetic properties of Nd 2- x La x Fe 14 B alloys, it was revealed that the Nd 1.3 La 0 · 7 Fe 14 B alloy still keeps excellent maximum energy product (113 kJ/m3), intrinsic coercivity (523 kA/m) and high remanent magnetic polarization (0.83 T). Moreover, the magnetic improvement mechanisms of Nd 2- x La x Fe 14 B alloys were also discussed in detail. The present work is beneficial to design high-performance 2:14:1-type magnets with low-cost and abundant La addition. • Single-phase La 2 Fe 14 B ternary compound was successfully prepared. • The La 2 Fe 14 B (space group P 4 2 / mnm) crystallizes in a tetragonal unit cell with the lattice parameters a = 0.8835(5) nm and c = 1.2375(8) nm. • The magnetic properties of (Nd 2- x La x)Fe 14 B alloys decreases with increasing La substitution. • Excessive addition of La (x ≥ 0.9)could inhibit the formation of RE 2 Fe 14 B main phase and increase the fraction of α-Fe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mn doping of BiFeO3 for microstructure and electromagnetic characteristics was investigated in BiFe1–xMnxO3 (x = 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) nanoparticles synthesized by sol-gel preparation technique. XRD and HR-TEM research reveals that the phase structure of nanoparticles changes from rhombohedral (R3c) for BiFeO3 to cubic (Pm 3 ¯ m) for BiFe0.9Mn0.1O3. The morphological characteristics show that the average particle sizes of the Mn-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles were decreased as compared with that of the original BiFeO3. XPS spectroscopy analysis showed that Fe and Mn elements exist in the nanoparticles in the form of Fe2+/Fe3+ and Mn3+/Mn4+ valence states, respectively. PPMS-VSM and VAN analysis showed that a certain content of Mn doping can significantly improve the magnetic and microwave absorbing property of BiFeO3. At room temperature, the remnant magnetization and coercive field of the BiFe0.95Mn0.05FeO3 nanopowders were 0.08 emu/g and 6216 Oe, respectively. The minimum RL of BiFe0.95Mn0.05FeO3 can reach about − 29.41 dB at 10.39 GHz at 2.20 mm thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase equilibria of the La–Fe–Si system were investigated using a combination of experimental and thermodynamic modeling methods. The isothermal cross-section of the La–Fe–Si ternary system in the (Fe, Si)-rich region at 1373 K was experimentally investigated using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Based on the experimental results and literature reports of the La–Fe–Si system, the thermodynamic model parameters of the system were optimized using the CALPHAD method. The intermediate compounds in the La–Si binary system and ternary compounds in the La–Fe–Si ternary system were described via sublattice models. The calculated thermodynamic and phase equilibria data were in good agreement with the experimental data, providing a foundation for the development of a multi-component thermodynamic database for LaFeSi-based alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, the phase equilibria of the Cr-Nb-Ru system at 1100 ℃ were investigated via a combination of diffusion triple and equilibrated alloys. The samples were examined by means of X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis. The isothermal section of the Cr-Nb-Ru ternary system at 1100 ℃ was constructed, which consists of 11 single-phase regions, 19 two-phase regions, and 9 three-phase regions. One new ternary compound τ was discovered. The homogeneity ranges for the phases in this system are established. Three miscibility gaps were observed, corresponding to Cr solid dissolved in HCP(Ru), Nb solid dissolved in HCP(Ru) and Ru solid dissolved in BCC(Cr)，respectively. The miscibility gap of Nb and Cr solid dissolved in HCP(Ru) go through each other. • The isothermal section of the Cr-Nb-Ru ternary system was constructed at 1100 ℃. • One new ternary compound was discovered. • Three miscibility gaps were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The phase equilibria of the Gd–Ni–V system at 773K were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The experimental results show no existence of ternary compounds at 773K. The existence of 14 single-phase regions, 25 two-phase regions and 12 three-phase regions was determined. The maximum solubility of V in (Ni), Gd2Ni17, GdNi5 and GdNi2 was measured to be about 16at.%, 2at.%, 3at.% and 2.5at.%, respectively, while that of Gd in (Ni), Ni3V, Ni2V, Ni2V3, NiV3 and (V) was less than 1at.%. An isothermal section of the Gd–Ni–V system at 773K has been presented according to the present work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The isothermal sections of the Nd–Mg–Ni ternary phase diagram at 1123 and 673K (Ni-rich part) were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential thermal analysis. The 1123K isothermal section consists of 8 single-phase regions, 14 two-phase regions and 7 three-phase regions. The 673K isothermal section consists of 11 single-phase regions, 21 two-phase regions, and 11 three-phase regions. In addition, the existence of two ternary compounds NdMg2Ni9 and NdMgNi4 has been confirmed, and the Nd2MgNi9, Nd5Mg2Ni23 and Nd3MgNi14 compounds do not exist at 1123 and 673K isothermal sections. No solid solubility was observed in our work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The 673 and 1123K isothermal sections (partial) of the phase diagram of the Ce–Me–Ni ternary system were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The (Ce-poor part) 673K isothermal section consists of 11 single-phase regions, 21 two-phase regions and 11 three-phase regions. The (Ni-rich part) 1123K isothermal section consists of 8 single-phase regions, 14 two-phase regions and 7 three-phrase regions. No apparent solid solubility was detected in this work. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Double carbon-embedded Na3V2(PO4)3 (DC-NVP) nanocomposites were prepared via in situ growth of NVP@C nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Beneficial of a high electronic conductivity network and structure stability, the DC-NVP nanocomposite as an anode of sodium ion batteries (SIBs) reveals outstanding electrochemical properties, delivering ultra-long cycle life with a first charge capacity of 78 mA h g−1 at 50 C and a capacity loss of 0.006%/cycle over 8000 cycles. The NVP//NVP full cells, fabricated by the DC-NVP nanocomposites as bipolar electrode, exhibit a discharge capacity of 72.1 mA h g−1 at 20 C after 5000 cycles and a corresponding capacity retention of 81%. The remarkable performance of DC-NVP nanocomposites is ascribed to that of the unique double carbon-embedded nanostructure, which possesses good electronic conductivity, larger electrode-electrolyte contact area, fast electron and ion transportation, and structural stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alloying is an effective method for improving the resistance of V metals to hydrogen embrittlement. The effects of the doping with a third element (Pd, Ru, Ta) on the structure and hydrogen permeation properties of V–10Mo solid solutions have been investigated in this study. As-prepared V–5Mo-5TM (TM = Mo, Pd, Ru, Ta) alloy samples composed of V-based solid solution with a bcc structure are hydrogenated into their corresponding solid solutions (α-phase). Structural changes caused by TM-doping have notable effects on the hydrogen permeation properties (particularly the hydrogen solubility) of V–10Mo alloy, and the ability of the doping element in decreasing the hydrogen solubility of the V–10Mo alloy follows the sequence: Pd > Ru > Ta. Their doping causes a slight decrease in the hydrogen diffusion coefficient as well as an increase in the Vickers hardness of the resulting alloys. This work demonstrates that the mechanical property of V–10Mo alloy can be improved via suitable structure control caused by alloying it with an appropriate element. In addition, this approach might be suitable for improving properties of other relevant binary alloys. • Alloying do good to the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of V metal. • Hydrogen diffusivity and solubility are closely related to lattice distortions. • Hydrogen permeability can be controlled by changing alloy composition and structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]