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Objective: To explore which dose of Dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA, using Almorexant) can improve mouse sleep without damaging mouse learning and memory, and whether there are serious adverse effects. Explore whether AQP4 blockers (TGN-020, abbreviated TGN) can affect Aβ deposition. Methods: divided into two rounds of experiment, 71 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups in addition to the control group 8,11 mice, the first round of DORA injection 10mg / kg group, 30mg / kg and 60mg / kg group mice, intraperitoneal injection for 28 days, while monitoring sleep, 28 days of Y maze and water maze experiment, behavioral experiments after death of mice, immunohistochemistry. A second round of experiments was followed by the TGN + 30 group of TGN (AQP4 blocker) and 10mg / kg blocker) and TGN+ 30mg / kg of DORA. Results: The total sleep time of each group was statistically significant compared with the control group (10mg / kg: 12:6 minutes; 30mg / kg: 14:27 minutes; 60mg / kg: 16:57 minutes, P Conclusion: DORA intervention mice have good sleep response and little residual effect, DORA intervention can improve the working memory of APP / PS1 mice; DORA can reduce Aβ deposition, slow down the neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease, TGN will increase Aβ deposition; 30mg / kg may be the best dose of Almorexant, can prolong sleep duration without damaging learning and memory; TGN can aggravate neurodegeneration, and damage the learning and memory of APP / PS1 mice.

In this letter, a systematic static voltage stability index for evaluating system loading status in distribution networks is deduced from complex power flow models. The proposed index facilitates impact analysis on the integration of inverter-based distributed generators under different control modes, which may affect the static voltage stability. The case study, including various scenarios, is performed to validate the accuracy of the theoretical results.

In this letter, a phase reformulation-based sliding framework is proposed for microgrid to adequately decouple control interacts cross the quadrature axes. This is implemented by formulating another virtual coordinate that rotates with the synchronism frequency, while the original coordinate rotates with the reference frequency. The deviation during transients between coordinates is thus to be eventually mitigated by the intersected controller. The case study in PSCAD/EMTDC shows that, with the sliding framework, frequency and voltage fluctuations can be dramatically reduced.

Thromboembolic disease is a common cardio-cerebral vascular disease that threatens human life and health. Thrombin not only affects the exogenous coagulation pathway, but also the endogenous pathway. Thus, it becomes one of the most important targets of anticoagulant drugs. RGD-hirudin is an anticoagulant drug targeting thrombin, but it can only be administered intravenously. We designed a low molecular weight peptide based on RGD-hirudin that could prevent blood clots. We first used NMR to identify the key amino acid residues of RGD-hirudin that interacted with thrombin. Then, we designed a novel direct thrombin inhibitor peptide (DTIP) based on the structure and function of RGD-hirudin using homology modeling. Molecular docking showed that the targeting and binding of DTIP with thrombin were similar to those of RGD-hirudin, suggesting DTIP interacted directly with thrombin. The active amino acids of DTIP were identified by alanine scanning, and mutants were successfully constructed. In blood clotting time tests in vitro, we found that aPTT, PT, and TT in the rat plasma added with DTIP were greatly prolonged than in that added with the mutants. Subcutaneous injection of DTIP in rats also could significantly prolong the clotting time. Thrombelastography analysis revealed that DTIP significantly delayed blood coagulation. Bio-layer interferometry study showed that there were no significant differences between DTIP and the mutants in thrombin affinity constants, suggesting that it might bind to other sites of thrombin rather than to its active center. Our results demonstrate that DTIP with low molecular weight can prevent thrombosis via subcutaneous injection.

Background. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) catalyzes the first step of tryptophan catabolism in the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway. IDO1 downregulates natural killer cell receptors, and by mechanism, tumor cells escape immune surveillance. Methods. IDO1 protein and mRNA were assessed by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and PCR in the 68 resected lung adenocarcinomas at stages I–III as well as adjacent normal lung tissues. Infiltration of CD3, CD8, and CD4 lymphocytes in the tumor and adjacent normal lung tissues was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. Results. IDO1 protein and mRNA were detected in various stages of lung adenocarcinoma with highest expression at stage III. In contrast, biomarkers of T cell subset, CD3, CD4, and CD8, were highly expressed in the normal lung tissues and stage I adenocarcinoma tissues but significantly reduced in the stage II and III tumor tissues. Conclusions. The current study demonstrated that the higher level of IDO1 expression in the lung adenocarcinoma was, the less infiltration of T lymphocytes was found in the tumors. Findings of this study indicated that IDO1 may contribute to the reduction of T lymphocyte infiltration into the lung adenocarcinoma.

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of global mortality, with anticoagulant therapy being the main prevention and treatment strategy. Recombinant hirudin (r-hirudin) is a direct thrombin inhibitor that can potentially prevent thrombosis via subcutaneous (SC) and intravenous (IV) administration, but there is a risk of haemorrhage via SC and IV. Thus, microneedle (MN) provides painless and sanitary alternatives to syringes and oral administration. However, the current technological process for the micro mould is complicated and expensive. The micro mould obtained via three-dimensional (3D) printing is expected to save time and cost, as well as provide a diverse range of MNs. Therefore, we explored a method for MNs array model production based on 3D printing and translate it to micro mould that can be used for fabrication of dissolving MNs patch. The results show that r-hirudin-loaded and hyaluronic acid (HA)-based MNs can achieve transdermal drug delivery and exhibit significant potential in the prevention of thromboembolic disease without bleeding in animal models. These results indicate that based on 3D printing technology, MNs combined with r-hirudin are expected to achieve diverse customizable MNs and thus realize personalized transdermal anticoagulant delivery for minimally invasive and long-term treatment of thrombotic disease.

High-precision x-ray imaging diagnostics of hotspot at the stagnation stage are essential for regulating implosion asymmetry and retrieving physical implosion parameters. With regard to 10–20 keV energy band imaging, existing diagnostic instruments such as Kirkpatrick–Baez microscopes and pinhole cameras are insufficient in terms of spatial resolution and collection efficiency. The situation is even worse when high-speed, time-resolved imaging diagnostics are performed by coupling framing cameras or line-of-sight imagers. This article presents the basic principles and optical system design of a 17.48 keV modified Wolter x-ray microscope, to resolve the problems encountered in high-energy imaging diagnostics. The proposed optical configuration offers a better spatial resolution, greater depth of field, and preliminary compliance with the requirements of high precision optical processing techniques. The spatial resolution is better than 1 µm in a field range ±150 µm, and is better than 3 µm in a total field of view ∼408 µm in diameter. The geometric solid angle is calculated as 3.0 × 10−5 sr and is estimated to be 1.2 × 10−6 sr, considering the reflectivity of the double mirrors. The proposed microscope is expected to effectively improve spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio for high-energy imaging diagnostics.

Background and purpose Cancer cachexia and cancer-associated thrombosis are potentially fatal outcomes of advanced cancer. Nevertheless, thrombin expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) primary tumour tissues and the association between prognosis of NSCLC patients remain largely unknown. Experimental approach Clinical pathological analysis was performed to determine the relationship between thrombin and tumour progression. Effects of r-hirudin and direct thrombin inhibitor peptide (DTIP) on cancer progression were evaluated. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to explore the inhibition mechanism of r-hirudin and DTIP. The therapeutic effect of the combination of DTIP and chemotherapy was determined. Key results Thrombin expression in NSCLC tissues was closely related to clinicopathological features and the prognosis of patients. Thrombin deficiency inhibited tumour progression. The novel thrombin inhibitors, r-hirudin and DTIP, inhibited cell invasion and metastasis in vitro. They inhibited tumour growth and metastasis in orthotopic lung cancer model, inhibited cell invasion, and prolonged survival after injection of tumour cells via the tail vein. They also inhibited angiogenesis and spontaneous metastases from subcutaneously inoculated tumours. The promotion by thrombin of invasion and metastasis was abolished in PAR-1-deficient NSCLC cells. r-hirudin and DTIP inhibited tumour progression through the thrombin-PAR-1-mediated RhoA and NF-κB signalling cascades via inhibiting MMP9 and IL6 expression. DTIP potentiated chemotherapy-induced growth and metastatic inhibition and inhibited chemotherapy-induced resistance in mice. Conclusions and implications Thrombin makes a substantial contribution, together with PAR-1, to NSCLC malignancy. The anti-coagulants, r-hirudin and DTIP, could be used in anti-tumour therapy and a combination of DTIP and chemotherapy might improve therapeutic effects.

In inertial confinement fusion, quantitative and high-spatial resolution ($$< 10\,\upmu $$ < 10 μ m) measurements of the X-rays self-emitted by the hotspot are critical for studying the physical processes of the implosion stagnation stage. Herein, the 8 ± 0.39-keV monochromatic X-ray distribution from the entire hotspot is quantitatively observed in 5-$$\upmu $$ μ m spatial resolution using a Kirkpatrick–Baez microscope, with impacts from the responses of the diagnosis system removed, for the first time, in implosion experiments at the 100 kJ laser facility in China. Two-dimensional calculations along with 2.5% P2 drive asymmetry and 0.3 ablator self-emission are congruent with the experimental results, especially for the photon number distribution, hotspot profile, and neutron yield. Theoretical calculations enabled a better understanding of the experimental results. Furthermore, the origins of the 17.81% contour profile of the deuterium-deuterium hotspot and the accurate Gaussian source approximation of the core emission area in the implosion capsule are clarified in detail. This work is significant for quantitatively exploring the physical conditions of the hotspot and updating the theoretical model of capsule implosion.

An autonomous and robust control strategy for microgrid states transition is proposed in this paper considering about unbalanced and nonlinear loads. Based on the conventional cascaded voltage-current control strategy, internal modal controllers are utilized to cooperate with harmonics mitigation, and multiple-input multiple-output controller is proposed to decouple interacted dynamics during microgrid state transitions. Stability analysis is carried out to validate the application of the proposed controller into the microgrid. The case study in PSCAD/EMTDC shows that, compared to traditional controllers, it can provide lower voltage total harmonic distortion (THD), better frequency regulation and smaller voltage deviations.

Due to inappropriate control strategy and analytic technique, large penetration of converter-based renewable energy sources to the grid has threaten the network fault level to an extremely low level. Aiming at these issues, this paper firstly elaborates on a weak grid solution for inverter control and its corresponding impedance model in positive and negative-sequence domain. For system wise, the critical point for inverter-grid voltage stability and thus minimum short circuit ratio (SCR) that the inverter can remain small-signal stable are presented using comprehensive controller and system impedance model. The viability of the proposed control strategy and analytic method is validated by both numerical and simulation results.

Tumor cells transform into endothelial cells by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, which is characterized by vasculogenic mimicry (VM). VM not only accelerates tumor progression but also increases drug-induced resistance. However, very little is currently known about the molecular determinants that enable VM. Targeting VM might bring a new breakthrough in cancer treatment. Thrombin is the key enzyme of the blood coagulation system and could contribute to tumor progression. Nevertheless, the association between thrombin and VM formation remains largely unknown. We found that VM was associated with the overall survival of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and that thrombin expression was closely related to VM formation. This research revealed that thrombin induced VM formation via PAR-1-mediated NF-κB signaling cascades. The novel thrombin inhibitors r-hirudin and DTIP inhibited VM formation and spontaneous metastases in subcutaneous tumors. Clinical pathological analysis confirmed that NSCLC patients with thrombin-positive/PAR-1-high expression had the poorest prognosis and were the most likely to form VM. The promotional activity of thrombin in VM formation and tumor metastasis was abolished in PAR-1-deficient NSCLC cells. The EGFR inhibitor gefitinib had no effect on VM and increased VEGF expression in tumors. The combination therapy of DTIP and gefitinib achieved a better therapeutic effect than either agent alone. This study is the first to illustrate that thrombin substantially contributes, together with PAR-1, to VM formation and to illustrate that VM might be a target of r-hirudin and DTIP to suppress tumor progression. The anticoagulants r-hirudin and DTIP could be employed for antitumor therapy. Combination therapy with DTIP with an EGFR inhibitor might achieve superior therapeutic effects.

Due to the harsh battlefield environment and the large amount of transmission data, it is preferable for individual soldiers with sensor nodes to form a wireless sensor network (WSN) with command center, so that to carry out more concealing and deeper military operations. However, the data transmission in the mobile WSN faces many difficult challenges such as unfixed topology, packet loss, high energy consumption, etc. How to design an efficient route that improves the packet transmission success rate and WSN lifetime effectively has been one of the important issues in mobile WSN researches. A variety of cluster routing protocols have been proposed in the past, however, it is hard to balance energy consumption and lifetime. Hence, this paper proposes an adaptive hierarchical multi-hop routing (AHMHR) protocol based on energy balance so as to enhance the reliability of long-distance transmission in the mobile WSN. Preliminary simulation is performed and shows great potential in improving packet transmission success rate, reducing delay and energy consumption when compared with the existing protocols, including LEACH, LEACH-ME and CBR-Mobile. The simulation results also prove that the performance of AHMHR can maintain high level stability and AHMHR protocol can achieve energy balance and prolong WSN lifetime regardless of the proportion of mobile nodes.

In this study, Ag3PO4@holmium phosphate (HP) composite photocatalysts were first prepared by silver-ammonia-solution-assisted solution co-deposition. During co-deposition, Ag3PO4 particles were encapsulated by a flocculent amorphous substance layer of HP, affording a Ag3PO4@HP core–shell heterojunction structure with a Ho/Ag molar ratio of 0.05/2.95. The core–shell structure significantly improved the photocatalytic activity of Ag3PO4. In addition, the photocatalytic mechanism of Ag3PO4@HP was discussed.

Distributed controllers for voltage and frequency, based on consensus power sharing algorithm, are proposed in this paper. Event-triggered mechanism is adopted as cybernetics in the communication network. Convergence of real and reactive power dissipation and stability for inter-event instants are also held with Lyapunov function. A benchmarking multimicrogrid cluster (MMC) has been built in PSCAD/EMTDC software to validate that, compared to traditionally periodical sampling scheme, the proposed control strategy can dramatically alleviate communication burdens without sacrificing microgrid performances in proportional power sharing, controller convergence and interval stability.

Bacground and purpose Tumor chemotherapy and radiotherapy induces hematopoietic cell damage, resulting in thrombocytopenia. Conventional platelet transfusion strategies or drug therapies are used to treat thrombocytopenia. However, these therapies may result in a several side effects, including heightened susceptibility to infectious diseases and the formation of anti-TPO-antibodies. Therefore, a more secure strategy should be explored to overcome and compensate for the shortcomings of conventional strategies. Experimental approach Effects of rhTyrRS(Y341A) on the expression of VCAM-1 on the surface of HUVECs were determined by analysing mRNA expression, promoter activity, protein expression. The molecular mechanisms of the effects of rhTyrRS(Y341A) on the expression of VCAM-1 on the surface of HUVECs were investigated by determining the activation of VEGF-R II/NF-κB pathway. Key results Our results provide evidence that rhTyrRS (Y341A) activates NF-κB to upregulate VCAM-1 in a VEGF-R II/NF-κB pathway-dependent, resulting in megakaryocyte adhering to PVECs to induce platelet production. Conclusions This study suggested that rhTyrRS (Y341A), a novel human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase mutation, increased the platelet count under normal conditions. Further more, we confirmed that an NF-κB-mediated mechanism is involved in rhTyrRS (Y341A)-induced thrombopoiesis, which involves its interaction with VEGF-R II.

High-space-resolving information of hotspot electron temperature is a foundation for further research on physical processes of implosion in inertial confinement fusion. This work proposed a novel high-space-resolving electron temperature detector, which is based on the bremsstrahlung radiation mechanism of the implosion hotspot and uses two-channel Kirkpatrick–Baez microscopes. In this novel detector, an optical quasi-coaxis method was used to eliminate the strong impact of the view field difference on the high space resolution and correctness of the electron temperature diagnosis, and a compound KB microscope method was proposed to reduce the number of spherical reflectors and save space.

Direct intensity calibration of X-ray grazing-incidence microscopes is urgently needed in quantitative studies of X-ray emission from laser plasma sources in inertial confinement fusion. The existing calibration methods for single reflecting mirrors, crystals, gratings, filters, and X-ray detectors are not applicable for such X-ray microscopes due to the specific optical structure and the restrictions of object-image relation. This article presents a reliable and efficient method that can be performed using a divergent X-ray source and an energy dispersive Si-PIN (silicon positive-intrinsic-negative) detector in an ordinary X-ray laboratory. The transmission theory of X-ray flux in imaging diagnostics is introduced, and the quantities to be measured are defined. The calibration method is verified by a W/Si multilayer-coated Kirkpatrick-Baez microscope with a field of view of ∼95 μm at 17.48 keV. The mirror reflectance curve in the 1D coordinate is drawn with a peak value of 20.9% and an uncertainty of ∼6.0%.

This paper proposes a novel control strategy for the smooth transition between grid-attached and islanded mode of microgrid. The proposed control strategy is based on a proportional resonant current controller to regulate inverter current, without requiring any islanding detection algorithm or switching between different controllers. Equal power sharing is achieved as well by droop control using reference current, while restoration algorithm is applied when frequency deviates. With the proposed control strategy, the microgrid has a satisfactory performance in different operating modes and transition process. Moreover, the power is equally shared among all DGs in all conditions. Simulations are presented to validate the proposed control strategy.

The rise of e-commerce makes green logistics increasingly important role. Combined with the characteristics of logistics distribution under the new e-commerce, the distribution route choice model was established. Based on lowering the total distribution cost and shortening delivery time, the paper proposes the idea to improve customer satisfaction. In calculating the total cost of the process, while taking the vehicle startup cost and vehicle cost into account, the concept of hidden cost was proposed, that is a kind of penalty cost due to customer dissatisfaction. In solving the model, determine the weight of each objective function by maximizing deviations, transfer the multi-objective functions into a single objective function which is relatively simple. Finally, take use of specific examples to drawn weights.

The development of a polar-view Kirkpatrick-Baez microscope, fielded in the upper polar zone of the Shenguang-III laser fusion facility, is presented. With this microscope, the resolving power of polar-direction X-ray imaging diagnostics is improved, to the 3 ~5 μm scale. The microscope is designed for implosion asymmetry studies, with response energy points at 1.2 keV, 3.5 keV, and 8 keV. A biperiodic multilayer scheme is adopted to accommodate multiple implosion stages. We present the overall optical system design, target aiming scheme, characteristic composite imaging diagnostic experiments and initial results. The inertial-driven quasi-one-dimensional spherical implosions were observed from orthogonal directions with a convergence ratio of ~14.4. Fine features of the stagnating hot spot core are also resolved.

Dangerous materials inspection is an important technique to confirm dangerous materials crimes. It has significant impact on the prohibition of dangerous materials-related crimes and the spread of dangerous materials. Lobster-Eye Optical Imaging System is a kind of dangerous materials detection device which mainly takes advantage of backscatter X-ray. The strength of the system is its applicability to access only one side of an object, and to detect dangerous materials without disturbing the surroundings of the target material. The device uses Compton scattered x-rays to create computerized outlines of suspected objects during security detection process. Due to the grid structure of the bionic object glass, which imitate the eye of a lobster, grids contribute to the main image noise during the imaging process. At the same time, when used to inspect structured or dense materials, the image is plagued by superposition artifacts and limited by attenuation and noise. With the goal of achieving high quality images which could be used for dangerous materials detection and further analysis, we developed effective image process methods applied to the system. The first aspect of the image process is the denoising and enhancing edge contrast process, during the process, we apply deconvolution algorithm to remove the grids and other noises. After image processing, we achieve high signal-to-noise ratio image. The second part is to reconstruct image from low dose X-ray exposure condition. We developed a kind of interpolation method to achieve the goal. The last aspect is the region of interest (ROI) extraction process, which could be used to help identifying dangerous materials mixed with complex backgrounds. The methods demonstrated in the paper have the potential to improve the sensitivity and quality of x-ray backscatter system imaging.

In order to counter drug-related crimes effectively, and to safeguard homeland security as well as public safety, it is important to inspect drugs, explosives and other contraband quickly and accurately from the express mail system, luggage, vehicles and other objects. In this paper, we discuss X-ray backscatter inspection system based on a novel lobster-eye X-ray objective, which is an effective inspection technology for drugs, explosives and other contraband inspection. Low atomic number materials, such as drugs and explosives, leads to strong Compton scattering after irradiated by X-ray, which is much stronger than high atomic number material, such as common metals, etc. By detecting the intensity of scattering signals, it is possible to distinguish between organics and inorganics. The lobster-eye X-ray optical system imitates the reflective eyes of lobsters, which field of view can be made as large as desired and it is practical to achieve spatial resolution of several millimeters for finite distance detection. A novel lobster-eye X-ray objective is designed based on modifying Schmidt geometry by using multi-lens structure, so as to reduce the difference of resolution between the horizontal and vertical directions. The demonstration experiments of X-ray backscattering imaging were carried out. A suitcase, a wooden box and a tire with several typical samples hidden in them were imaged by the X-ray backscattering inspection system based on a lobster-eye X-ray objective. The results show that this X-ray backscattering inspection system can get a resolution of less than five millimeters under the FOV of more than two hundred millimeters with ~0.5 meter object distance, which can still be improved.

X-ray imaging of the laser produced plasma plays an important role in plasma diagnostics. Based on the urgent needs of conducting deeper and finer physical experiments, we developed a high-energy Kirkpatrick Baez microscope working at 17.48keV with a spectral resolution (E/uE) of ~30. The concave spherical substrates was polished, ultrasonically cleaned and coated. The substrates have a radius of curvature of 20m with a roughness better than 0.3nm. The grazing incidence angles are designed at 0.7° and 0.73° for separate reflecting mirrors. The x-ray backlit imaging experiments show its spatial resolution is ~5.5μm at best focus. The effective field of view is measured to be ~90μm, which is consistent with the multilayer design. This article provides detailed informations for the optical design, multilayers coating and characterization of the microscope. The microscope promises to be a high-energy, high-resolution, and energy resolved X-ray diagnostics instrument for SG series laser facility.

In the field of target diagnostics for Initial Confinement Fusion experiment, high resolution X-ray imaging system is seriously necessary to record the evolution details of target ablation-front disturbance at different energy points of backlight conditions. Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror is a wide used imaging system to achieve a large efficient field of view with high spatial resolution and energy transmitting capability. In this paper, we designed a novel type of reflective microscope based on Kirkpatrick-Baez structure, and this system can achieve 5μm spatial resolution at 600μm field of view specific energy point in one dimension.

SummaryCurrently, anticoagulants would be used to prevent thrombosis. Thrombin is an effector enzyme for haemostasis and thrombosis. We designed a direct thrombin inhibitor peptide (DTIP) using molecular simulation and homology modelling and demonstrated that the C-terminus of DTIP interacts with exosite I, and N-terminus with the activity site of thrombin, respectively. DTIP interfered with thrombin-mediated coagulation in human, rat and mouse plasma (n=10 per group) and blocked clotting in human whole blood in vitro. When administered subcutaneously, DTIP showed potent and dose-dependent extension of aPTT, PT, TT and CT in rats (n=10 per group). The antithrombotic dose of DTIP induced significantly less bleeding than bivalirudin determined by transecting distal tail assay in rats. Furthermore, DTIP reached peak blood concentration in 0.5–1 hour and did not cause increased bleeding after five days of dosing compared to dabigatran etexilate. The antithrombotic effect of DTIP was evaluated in mice using lethal pulmonary thromboembolism model and FeCl3-induced mesenteric arteriole thrombus model. DTIP (1.0 mg/kg, sc) prevented deep venous thrombosis and increased the survival rate associated with pulmonary thromboembolism from 30 % to 80 %. Intravital microscopy showed that DTIP (1.0 mg/kg, sc) decelerated mesenteric arteriole thrombosis caused by FeCl3 injury. These data establish that DTIP is a novel antithrombotic agent that could be used to prevent thrombosis without conferring an increased bleeding risk.Supplementary Material to this article is available at www.thrombosis-online.com.

This article presents the development of an x-ray eight-image Kirkpatrick-Baez diagnostic system to be used at China's Shenguang-III (SG-III) laser facility in aspects of the optical design, multilayers, and online/offline tests. Six pieces of concave spherical substrates are used for constituting a special optical structure. Dual-periodic tungsten/carbon (W/C) multilayers are used for high reflectivity and large angular bandwidth of ∼0.1°. The global spatial resolution is ∼5 μm in the ±100 μm range. The schemes of system installation, transport, collimation, and image acquisition at China's SG-III facility are also discussed.

High resolution X-ray diagnosis is a significant method for obtaining ablation-front and trajectory measurements targeting Rayleigh-Taylor (RT)-instability growth in initial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments. In this paper, a novel Kirkpatrick-Baez-type structure, as a kind of essential X-ray micro-imaging apparatus, has been developed that realizes a large field of view (FOV) and images with high resolution and energy response. Zoned multilayer coating technology is applied to the Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors to transmit two specific quasi-monochromatic light through the same mirror and enables a compact dual-channel structure. This microscope has been assembled in the laboratory and later implemented at the Chinese SG-III laser facility. The characterization results show that this imaging system can achieve a good spatial resolution of 5 µm in a large FOV of 500 µm, while maintaining a strong monochromatic performance with bandwidth of 0.5 keV at 2.5 keV and 4.3 keV respectively.

The global mechanical behaviors of Sutong Bridge, China, the longest cable-stayed bridge in the world, are presented by using measurements from field static load tests compared with numerical analysis in this paper. A total of 37 loading cases with 64 test trucks, each being 300kN in weight, were conducted on 10 key sections to investigate the bridge behavior. The level of loading is about 50-88% of the code-specified serviceability load. A three-dimensional finite-element model is developed and calibrated to match the experiment data. The results show that, under the load test conditions, the incremental deflections, stresses as well as cable force of the structure are linearly proportional to the incremental loads. Moreover, the transverse shear lag effects of the steel box girder are significant and the longitudinal stress distributions in the slabs and diaphragms of the box girder are non-uniform. A good agreement is achieved between the experimental tests and the numerical simulations based on the nonlinear theories of long span bridges.