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Background: Anticoagulants have been used in the treatment of several circulatory diseases and thrombotic disorders, and in the blood sampling for hematologic analysis. Sulfated polysaccharides (SP), which have anticoagulant properties, are found in most seaweeds, including Caulerpa spp. Objective: The study generally aimed to evaluate the potential anticoagulant property of Caulerpa lentillifera. Methodology: The whole plant of fresh C. lentillifera was washed thoroughly with distilled water and manually expressed to obtain the extract. C. lentillifera extract was tested in two phases. Phase one utilized nine male albino rabbits, which were randomly and equally allocated into three groups: (1) negative control (oral distilled water and subsequent in vitro mixing of extracted blood with normal saline solution), (2) positive control (oral aspirin and subsequent in vitro mixing of extracted blood with normal saline solution), and (3) experimental group (oral distilled water and in vitro mixing of extracted blood with C. lentillifera extract). Blood coagulation was evaluated by measuring the clotting time using the slide and tube methods. In phase two, peripheral blood from three apparently healthy adult dogs were used. Blood collection was performed thrice. In each collection, the sample was divided into five aliquots: (1) negative control (normal saline solution), (2) positive control (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA]), and (3-5) experimental treatments at 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 ml of C. lentillifera extract. Coagulation was evaluated by measuring the clotting time using the tube method. Results: Phase one results revealed significant differences on the clotting time between the negative and the positive and experimental groups (P < 0.05), and no significant differences on the clotting time between the positive and the experimental groups (P > 0.05). In phase two, all blood samples mixed with EDTA did not clot, while the negative control had an average clotting time of 2.01 min. Blood mixed with 0.2 ml of C. lentillifera extract had the longest coagulation time (15.49 min). Simple linear regression revealed a positive significant correlation (multiple R = 0.9450, R2 = 0.8931, P = 0.02) implying dose-dependent anticoagulant potential. The study showed that C. lentillifera extract may have a potential anticoagulant property due to its component SP.

Anemia is a common observation in several diseases in humans and animals. This condition is evaluated through the blood using parameters, including the packed cell volume (PCV). However, quick diagnosis might take longer, especially in resource limited areas, as blood samples still need to be processed in the laboratory. In this experimental study, a modified paperfuge technique was evaluated to assess anemia in an animal model. A total of 16 ICR mice were used. After animal acclimatization for ten days, persistent anemia (hemolytic) was induced in nine mice by administering phenylhydrazine every other day for three times. Only distilled water was used in the control mice. After seven days, blood was extracted from the mice. Complete blood count using a species specific hematology machine was performed. PCV was further evaluated using the centrifuge machine and the modified paperfuge technique. Results using the hematology machine showed that the phenylhydrazine-induced mice had lower red blood cell count (x̄= 4.26 x 10^6/µL, SD=0.93) and PCV (x̄=32.5, SD=7.5) than the red blood cell count (x̄=5.26 x 10^6/µL, SD=1.1) and PCV (x̄=36.5, SD=5.8) of the control mice. PCV readings from the three methods were strongly correlated with the RBC count. On the other hand, PCV readings from the paperfuge technique were also strongly and significantly correlated with the centrifuge (R=0.99, p=0.000) and hematology machine (R=0.89, p=0.000) results. Further analysis revealed that there was no significant difference observed between the PCV readings of the CBC machine, the centrifuge and the modified paperfuge (treatment group: p=0.39, control group: p=0.09). Results suggest that the modified paperfuge technique can be reliable in measuring PCV to evaluate anemia. Further studies are recommended to compare results in anemic animals and humans., {"references":["Abramson, N. & Melton, B. (2000). Leukocytosis: Basics of clinical assessment. American Family Physician, 62(9), 2053-2066.","Bekkevold, C. M., Robertson, K. L., Reinhard, M. K., Battles, A. H., & Rowland, N. E. (2013). Dehydration parameters and standards for laboratory mice. Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science, 52(3), 233-239.","Bhamla, M. S., Benson, B., Chai, C., Katsikis, G., Johri, A., & Prakash, M. (2017). Hand-powered ultra-low cost paper centrifuge. Nature Biomedical Engineering, 1(1), 0009.","Bhamla, M. S., Benson, B., Chai, C., Katsikis, G., Johri, A., & Prakash, M. (2017). Paperfuge: An ultralow-cost, hand-powered paper-centrifuge inspired by the mechanics of a whirligig toy. Bulletin of the American Physical Society, 62.","Bhamla, M. S., Benson, B., Chai, C., Katsikis, G., Johri, A. & Prakash, M. (2016). Paperfuge: An ultra-low cost, hand-powered centrifuge inspired by the mechanics of a whirligig toy. bioRxiv, 072207. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/072207","Davis, T. M., Krishna, S., Looareesuwan, S., Supanaranond, W., Pukrittayakamee, S., Attatamsoonthorn, K. & White, N. J. (1990). Erythrocyte sequestration and anemia in severe falciparum malaria. Analysis of acute changes in venous hematocrit using a simple mathematical model. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 86(3), 793-800.","Foltz, C. J., & Ullman-Cullere, M. (1999). Guidelines for assessing the health and condition of mice. Lab Animal, 28(4), 28-32","Gebretsadkan, T. K., Ambachew, G., & Birhaneselassie, H. (2015). The comparison between microhematocrit and automated methods for hematocrit determination. International Journal Blood Research and Disorders 2(1), 1-3.","Goodnough, L. T., Brecher, M. E., Kanter, M. H., & AuBuchon, J. P. (1999). Transfusion medicine—blood transfusion. New England Journal of Medicine, 340(6), 438-447.","Grimm, R. H., Neaton, J. D. & Ludwig, W. (1985). Prognostic importance of the white blood cell count for coronary, cancer, and all-cause mortality. Journal of the American Medical Association, 254(14), 1932-1937.","Hara, H., & Ogawa, M. (1976). Erythropoietic precursors in mice with phenylhydrazine-induced anemia. American Journal of Hematology, 1(4), 453-458.","Kularatne, S. A. M., Gawarammana, I. B., & Kumarasiri, P. R. V. (2005). Epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory investigations and early diagnosis of dengue fever in adults: A descriptive study in Sri Lanka. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 36(3), 686-692.","Myers, G. J. & Browne, J. (2007). Point of care hematocrit and hemoglobin in cardiac surgery: A review. Perfusion, 22(3), 179-183.","Paul, A., Calleja, L., Vilella, E., Martı́nez, R., Osada, J., & Joven, J. (1999). Reduced progression of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice with phenylhydrazine-induced anemia. Atherosclerosis, 147(1), 61-68.","Purves, W. K., Sadava, D. E., Orians, G. H., & Craig, H. H. (2004). Life: The Science of Biology (7th ed.). Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates.","Rosman, N. P. (2003). Evaluation of the child who convulses with fever. Pediatric Drugs, 5(7), 457-461.","Spivak, J. L., Toretti, D., & Dickerman, H. W. (1973). Effect of phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia on nuclear RNA polymerase activity of the mouse spleen. Blood, 42(2), 257-266.","Stockham, S. L., & Scott, M. A. (2013). Fundamentals of veterinary clinical pathology. John Wiley & Sons.","Ullman-Culleré, M. H., & Foltz, C. J. (1999). Body condition scoring: a rapid and accurate method for assessing health status in mice. Comparative Medicine, 49(3), 319-323.","Uthman, E. (2009). Understanding Anemia. Univ. Press of Mississippi. ISBN 9781604737011.","Valentine, W. N., & Paglia, D. E. (1984). Erythrocyte enzymopathies, hemolytic anemia, and multisystem disease: an annotated review. Blood, 64(3), 583-591.","Ybañez, A. P., Ybañez, R. H. D., Villavelez, R. R., Malingin, H. P. F., Barrameda, D. N. M., Naquila, S. V., & Olimpos, S. M. B. (2016). Retrospective analyses of dogs found serologically positive for Ehrlichia canis in Cebu, Philippines from 2003 to 2014. Veterinary World, 9(1), 43-47."]}

Confirmed cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have continued to increase in the Philippines, with Region VII (Central Visayas) consistently among the top five regions with the highest disease incidence. Knowledge on HIV and AIDS is important in preventing its spread because lack of its awareness can expose individuals to high-risk behaviours. Among the identified high-risk groups for HIV/AIDS exposure are the call center agents. In this study, the knowledge on HIV/AIDS and profile of call center agents in Cebu City were assessed. A total of 388 respondents (selected by snowball sampling) working as call center agents at IT Park, Cebu City were requested to participate in the study. Subsequently, only 289 completed the questionnaire. Most respondents were aged 24 to 29 years old (53%), single (85.8%), female (59.2%), college graduate (67.5%), and were earning a half-month salary of Php 3,000 to 13,124.99. More than majority (61.2%) had a high level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS (x̅: 78.3%, SD 12.9). Statistical analyses revealed that age and educational attainment were found to be correlated with the knowledge of HIV/AIDS (p-values < 0.05). Results also implied that call center agents who are younger (below 24 years old) and who have not graduated from college should be targeted for knowledge enhancement on HIV/AIDS., {"references":["Arcangel, A., Ronquillo K., Castañeda, B., Amita, P., Zapanta, M. J., Bermejo, M., Palaypayon, N., Samonte, G., Segarra, A., & Asuncion, I. (2016). HIV/AIDS and ART Registry of the Philippines (HARP). Department of Health, Epidemiology Bureau.","Ayranci, U. (2005). AIDS knowledge and attitudes in a Turkish population: an epidemiological study. BMC Public Health, 5(1), 95.","Corneille, M., Zyzniewski, L., & Belgrave, F. (2008). Age and HIV Risk and Protective Behaviors Among African American Women. Journal of Black Psychology, 34(2), 217–233.","De Walque, D. (2007). How does the impact of an HIV/AIDS information campaign vary with educational attainment? Evidence from rural Uganda. Journal of Development Economics, 84(2), 686–714.","Fisher, J. & Fisher, W. (1992). Changing AIDS-risk behavior. Psychology Bulletin, 111(3), 455–74.","Fuller, T. & Chamratrithirong, A. (2008). Knowledge of HIV risk factors among immigrants in Thailand. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 11(83), 83-91.","Gupta, G. (2000). Gender, sexuality, and HIV/AIDS: The what, the why, and the how. Canadian HIV/AIDS Policy & Law Review, 5(4), 86–93.","Hansain M., Levy, J., Mensah, E., & Sinacore, J. (2007). Association of educational attainment with HIV risk in African American active injection drug users. AIDS Care, 19(1), 87–91.","Holmqvist, G. (2009). HIV and income inequality: If there is a link, what does it tell us? (International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth, No. 54). Brasilia: International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth.","Kabamalan, M., Marquez, M., Cruz, G., Natividad, J., Abalos, J., Lavares, M., Cruz, C., & Ramos, F. (2010). Lifestyle, health status and behavior of young workers in call centers and other industries: Metro Manila and Metro Cebu. Retrieved http://www.unaids.org.ph/apanel/uploads/2010_Call_Center_HIV_Study_12March2010_POPCOM_UPPI.pdf","Korra, A., Bejiga, M., & Tesfaye, S. (2005). Socio-demographic profile and prevalence of HIV infection among VCT clients in Addis Ababa. Ethiopian Journal of Health Development, 19(2), 109–115.","Laguna, E. P. (2004, April). Knowledge of HIV/AIDS and unsafe sex practices among Filipino youth. Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America. Boston, Massachusetts.","Leili, S., Elham, S., & Farkhondeh, S. (2008). A Population-based of HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes in General Public, Bandar-Abbas, Iran. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 24(6), 838–844.","Melgar, I. E., Ofreneo, M. A. P., & Kintanar, N. S. (2009). Risk Behaviors for HIV/AIDS among Call Center Employees in the Philippines. Manila: Ateneo de Manila University.","Melgar, I., Bangi, A., Mandel, J., & McFarland, W. (2012). A Survey of Risky Behaviors among Employees in Offshore Business Processing Centers. Philippine Population Review, 10(1), 1-22.","Montazeri, A. (2005). AIDS knowledge and attitudes in Iran: results from a population-based survey in Tehran. Patient Education and Counseling, 57(2), 199-203.","Montenegro, C. (2011). DOH: HIV among Pinoy adolescents 'tomorrow's epidemic' GMA News. Retrieved from http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/214313/news/nation/doh-hiv-among-pinoy-adolescents-tomorrow-s-epidemic","Mwamwenda, T. (2014). Education level and HIV/AIDS knowledge in Kenya. Journal of AIDS and Research, 6(2), 28–32.","NHSS (2016). HIV/AIDS and ART registry of the Philippines (HARP). Manila","Ogunmola, O. J., Oladosu, Y. O., & Olamoyegun, M. A. (2014). Relationship between socioeconomic status and HIV infection in a rural tertiary health center. HIV/AIDS (Auckland, NZ), 6(1), 61-67.","Okeke, C. E., Onwasigwe, C. N., & Ibegbu, M. D. (2012). The effect of age on knowledge of HIV/AIDS and risk related behaviours among army personnel. African Health Sciences, 12(3), 291-296.","Solomon, M., Smith, M., & Del Rio, C. (2008). Low educational level: A risk factor for sexually transmitted infections among commercial sex workers in Quito, Ecuador. Sage Journals, 19(4), 264–267.","Stein, J., Nyamathi, A., Ullman, J., & Bentler, P. (2007). Impact of marriage on HIV/AIDS risk behaviors among impoverished, at-risk couples: a multilevel latent variable approach. AIDS and Behavior, 11(1), 87-98.","Tavoosi, A., Zaferani, A., Enzevaei, A., Tajik, P., & Ahmadinezhad, Z. (2004). Knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS among Iranian students. BMC Public Health, 4(17), 1-6.","Temah, C. (2007). Gender inequality and HIV/AIDS epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. Paper presented at the scientific meeting of the Université d'Auvergne, France. Retrieved Mar 30, 2016 from http://file:///C:/Users/UVJournal/Downloads/Gender%20discriminations%20and%20HIVAIDS%20Epidemic%20in%20Sub%20saharan%20Africa%202007.pdf","Temah, C. T. (2007, July). Socio-economic inequalities and HIV/AIDS Epidemic: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa. Paper presented at the scientific meeting of the AIDS Impact Conference, Marseille, France.","Türmen, T. (2003). Gender and HIV/aids. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 82(3), 411-418."]}

Alcoholism, the most common form of addiction, can be considered a societal and familial problem. In controlling the alcoholic consumption of husbands, wives may play a significant role. The present study aimed to know the profile of selected couples, determine the wife’s effort in controlling the husband’s alcohol use, and assess the correlation of possible risk factors associated with husband’s alcohol use and wife’s effort in Talisay City, Cebu. A total of 97 couples were screened using inclusion criteria (18-60 years of age, living together for at least six months, and the husband must be an alcohol user). All couples satisfied most of the criteria except the criteria where the husband must be an alcohol user, leading to only 65 qualified couples (67%). Husbands and wives were interviewed separately using a structured questionnaire. Husbands were asked about their alcohol use and wives were asked regarding their efforts in controlling their husband’s alcohol use. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences between wives’ effort towards the alcohol-user ‎husband and their husbands’ type of alcohol use, level of alcohol use, and history of alcoholism in the family. ‎‎Moreover, significant positive relationships were found between the wife’s effort towards controlling the husband’s alcohol use and the number of children. Results imply that the wife’s effort to control the alcohol consumption of their husband has a relationship with the husband’s level of ‎alcohol use. The wife is seen to play a critical role in regulating alcoholism in the family and community. Thus, in increasing awareness and control of alcoholism in the community, housewives must also be targeted., {"references":["Almeida-Filho, N., Lessa, I., Magalhães, L., Araújo, M. J., Aquino, E., Kawachi, I., & James, S. A. (2004). Alcohol drinking patterns by gender, ethnicity, and social class in Bahia, Brazil. Revista de Saúde Pública, 38(1), 45-54.","Bowen, M. (1974). Alcoholism as viewed through family systems theory and family psychotherapy. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 233(1), 115-122.","Brown, S. A., Tate, S. R., Vik, P. W., Haas, A. L., & Aarons, G. A. (1999). Modeling of alcohol use mediates the effect of family history of alcoholism on adolescent alcohol expectancies. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 7(1), 20-27.","Casey, J. C., Griffin, M. L., & Googins, B. K. (1993). The role of work for wives of alcoholics. The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 19(1), 119-131.","Copello, A. G., Copello, A. G., Velleman, R. D., & Templeton, L. J. (2005). Family interventions in the treatment of alcohol and drug problems. Drug and Alcohol Review, 24(4), 369-385.","Copello, A. G., Templeton, L., & Velleman, R. (2006). Family interventions for drug and alcohol misuse: Is there a best practice?. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 19(3), 271-276.","Cooper, M. L., Russell, M., Skinner, J. B., Frone, M. R., & Mudar, P. (1992). Stress and alcohol use: Moderating effects of gender, coping, and alcohol expectancies. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101(1), 139-152.","Dawson, D. A., Harford, T. C., & Grant, B. F. (1992). Family history as a predictor of alcohol dependence. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 16(3), 572-575.","Fox, R., & Lyon, P. (1955). Alcoholism, Its scope, cause, and treatment. NY: Random House.","Grant, B. F. (1998). The impact of a family history of alcoholism on the relationship between age at onset of alcohol use and DSM-IV alcohol dependence: Results from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey. Alcohol Research and Health, 22(2), 144-147.","Grant, B. F., Stinson, F. S., & Harford, T. C. (2001). Age at onset of alcohol use and DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence: A 12-year follow-up. Journal of Substance Abuse, 13(4), 493-504.","Holahan, C. J., Moos, R. H., Holahan, C. K., Cronkite, R. C., & Randall, P. K. (2001). Drinking to cope, emotional distress and alcohol use and abuse: A ten-year model. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 62(2), 190-198.","Holmila, M. (1988). Husbands, Wifes and Alcohol. A study of Informal Drinking Control within the Family. Germany: Helsinki.","MacNeil, G. (1991). A short-form scale to measure alcohol abuse. Research on Social Work Practice, 1(1), 68-75.","McCrady, B. S., Epstein, E. E., & Hirsch, L. S. (1999). Maintaining change after conjoint behavioral alcohol treatment for men: Outcomes at 6 months. Addiction, 94(9), 1381-1396.","McCrady, B. S., Noel, N. E., Abrams, D. B., Stout, R. L., Nelson, H. F., & Hay, W. M. (1986). Comparative effectiveness of three types of spouse involvement in outpatient behavioral alcoholism treatment. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 47(6), 459-467.","Metzger, L. (1989). From Denial to Recovery. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publisher.","Moos, R. H., Finney, J. W., & Cronkite, R. C. (1990). Alcoholism treatment: Context, process, and outcome. UK: Oxford University Press.","O'Farrell, T. J. (1986). Marital therapy in the treatment of alcoholism. In N.S. Jacobson & A. S. Gurman (Eds.), Clinical handbook of marital therapy. NY: Guilford Press.","Olarte, A. (2006). Bound to the Bottle. Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism. Date accessed: November 14, 2006. Available from: http://pcij.org/ireport/2006/alcoholism.html>","Rice, J. P., Reich, T., Bucholz, K. K., Neuman, R. J., Fishman, R., Rochberg, N., ... & Begleiter, H. (1995). Comparison of direct interview and family history diagnoses of alcohol dependence. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 19(4), 1018-1023.","Schlaadt, R. G., & Shannon, P. T. (1994). Drugs: Use, misuse, and abuse. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.","Shoham, V., Rohrbaugh, M. J., Stickle, T. R., & Jacob, T. (1998). Demand–withdraw couple interaction moderates retention in cognitive–behavioral versus family-systems treatments for alcoholism. Journal of Family Psychology, 12(4), 557.","Straus, M. A., & Kantor, G. K. (1994). Corporal punishment of adolescents by parents: a risk factor in the epidemiology of depression, suicide, alcohol abuse, child abuse and wife beating. Adolescence, 29(115), 543-561.","Stuart, G. L., Ramsey, S. E., Moore, T. M., Kahler, C. W., Farrell, L. E., Recupero, P. R., & Brown, R. A. (2003). Reductions in marital violence following treatment for alcohol dependence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 18(10), 1113-1131.","Sulzer, E. S. (1965). Behavior modification in adult psychiatric patients. Case studies in behavior modification. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.","Swahn, M. H., Palmier, J. B., Benegas-Segarra, A., & Sinson, F. A. (2013). Alcohol marketing and drunkenness among students in the Philippines: Findings from the nationally representative Global School-based Student Health Survey. BMC public health, 13(1), 1159.","Thomas, E. J., & Santa, C. A. (1982). Unilateral family therapy for alcohol abuse: A working conception. American Journal of Family Therapy, 10(3), 49-58.","Thomas, E. J., Yoshioka, M. R., & Ager, R. D. (1994). Spouse Sobriety Influence Inventory (SSII). Handbook of Family Measurement Techniques, 3, 252-253.","Tyssen, R., Vaglum, P., Aasland, O. G., Gronvold, N. T., & Ekeberg, O. (1998). Use of alcohol to cope with tension, and its relation to gender, years in medical school and hazardous drinking: a study of two nation‐wide Norwegian samples of medical students. Addiction, 93(9), 1341-1349.","Valbuena, J. P. (2006). Alcohol and media: The situation in the Philippines. The Globe Special Issue, 4(1), 2001-2002.","Walitzer, K. S., & Dermen, K. H. (2004). Alcohol-focused spouse involvement and behavioral couples therapy: evaluation of enhancements to drinking reduction treatment for male problem drinkers. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 72(6), 944-955.","Wilbourne, P. L., & Miller, W. R. (2002). Treatment for alcoholism: Older and wiser. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 20(3-4), 41-59.","Wiseman, J. P. (1980). The\" home treatment\": The first steps in trying to cope with an alcoholic husband. Family Relations, 29(1), 541-549.","Yoshioka, M. R., Thomas, E. J., & Ager, R. D. (1992). Nagging and other drinking control efforts of spouses of uncooperative alcohol abusers: Assessment and modification. Journal of Substance Abuse, 4(3), 309-318.","Zarco, R. M. (1995). A Short History of Narcotic Drug Addiction in the Philippines, 1521-\t1959. Philippine Sociological Review, 43(1/4), 1-15."]}

Canine Ehrlichiosis is a disease with worldwide distribution caused by the potentially zoonotic Ehrlichia canis, a Gram negative intra-cellular pathogen transmitted by the Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick. Most studies have reported the epidemiological distribution of E. canis, but information on the clinical signs and hematological values were limited and retrospectively gathered. The present study endeavored to prospectively document the clinical profile of dogs that were serologically positive for E. canis in the Philippines. A total of 68 canine patients presented at the Makati Dog and Cat Hospital, Manila, Philippines were investigated. Inclusion criteria were history or presence of tick infestation, anemia, and/or thrombocytopenia. Blood samples were collected in EDTA tubes, and plasma samples were tested for E. canis using a commercial serological test kit. Clinical signs were recorded, and complete blood counts (CBC) were performed. Results revealed that 86.7% (59) were found serologically positive for E. canis. Most seropositive dogs had tick infestation, inappetence, and lethargy. Thrombocytopenia and anemia accompanied with normal WBC counts were the common hematologic findings. Statistical analyses revealed no significant differences in the hematological values of seropositive and seronegative dogs. Also, from the clinical signs, only lethargy was found to be significantly correlated with seropositivity (p value = 0.026). This study documents the clinical profile of dogs that were serologically positive for E. canis infection in the Philippines. Results are very useful to clinical practitioners who usually rely on clinical signs, CBC and commercial test kits for the diagnosis of Canine Ehrlichiosis, {"references":["Akhtardanesh, B., Ghanbarpour, R., & Blourizadeh, H. (2010). Serological evidence of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in Iran. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 19(5), 469-474.","Alleman, R. & Sayler, K. (2010). Coinfections in canines with vector-borne diseases. DX Consult, 3(1), 18-21.","Baneth, G., Waner, T., Koplah, A., Weinstein, S., & Keysary, A. (1996). Survey of Ehrlichia canis antibodies among dogs in Israel. Veterinary Record, 138(1), 257-259.","Baticados, A. M., Baticados, W. N., Villarba, L. A., Carlos, E. T., Carlos, S. M. E. A. S., & Fajardo, P. V. (2011). PCR","assay and microscopy for examination of mixed Ehrlichia canis and Babesia species infection in bomb sniffing dogs and other canines in the National Capital Region, Philippines. Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 27(2), 111-115.","Botma J, Mogongoa LF, Jaftha, AD & Van Rensburg J. W. (2012). Reference ranges for platelet indices using Sysmex XE-2100 blood analyser. Medical Technology South Africa, 26(2), 17-21.","Breitschwerdt, E. B., Hegarty, B. C., & Hancock, S. I. (1998). Sequential evaluation of dogs naturally infected with Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia equi, Ehrlichia ewingii, or Bartonella vinsonii. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 36(9), 2645-2651.","Buhles, W. C., Huxsoll, D. L., & Ristic, M. (1974). Tropical canine pancytopenia: Clinical, hematologic, and serologic response of dogs to Ehrlichia canis infection, tetracycline therapy, and challenge inoculation. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 130(4), 357-367.","Corales, J. M. I., Viloria, V. V., Venturina, V. M., & Mingala, C. N. (2014). The prevalence of Ehrlichia canis, Anaplasma platys and Babesia species. in dogs in Nueva Ecija, Philippines based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) assay. Annals of Parasitology, 60(4), 267-272.","Dantas-Torres, F. (2010). Biology and ecology of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Parasites and Vectors, 3(1), 26-31.","de Caprariis, D., Dantas-Torres, F., Capelli, G., Mencke, N., Stanneck, D., Breitschwerdt, E. 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