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Objective To identify the pathogenic mutations in a family with piebaldism. Methods Clinical information and peripheral blood were collected from the patient with piebaldism and their parents. Whole exome sequencing was performed to identify the potential pathogenic mutations. QPCR was used to determine the deletion of the target gene, while gap-PCR and Sanger sequencing was used to determine the size and the specific deletion site. Results The proband had a heterozygous deletion mutation of approximately 1.74 Mb located at chromosome 4, including a full length of the pathogenic gene KIT for mottled disease and it was the smallest micro deletion causing isolated piebaldism due to the loss of the KIT. Conclusions The heterozygous deletion including the KIT is a potential cause of the piebaldism phenotype found in this family.

Graphene-based metamaterial sensors are of significant research value for detecting food preservatives at low concentrations due to their extremely high sensitivity levels. In this work, we proposed and experimentally demonstrated an anapole resonance-based graphene metasurface (An-graphene-Ms) sensor with its conductivity altered by electrostatic doping effects for detecting and differentiating between two preservatives, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate, in the terahertz region. Sodium benzoate, owing to its benzene ring structure, established π–π stacking interactions between the π-electrons in the benzene ring and those in graphene, amplifying the sensing effect. The amplitude changes and phase differences of the An-graphene-Ms sensor for the sodium benzoate detection were greater than those for potassium sorbate at the same concentration. Additionally, to reveal the dependence of the resonance frequency on the time delay, the measured signals were investigated using the continuous wavelet transform (CWT), and the time-frequency combination of the metasurface sensor was performed. The 2D wavelet coefficient intensity cards are effectively constructed through CWT, which also presents a more accurate approach for distinguishing and determining the concentrations of the two preservatives.

Objective: In order to solve the phenomenon of low mechanical shelling efficiency and high kernel breakage rate of hazelnut, a vertical cone shell breaking machine was designed with automatic adjustment of clearance through compression spring. Methods: The key structure of the shell breaker was composed of three core components: the vertical cone inner roller, the slatted screen outer roller and the pressure spring device, and the stress of the hazelnuts in the shelling cavity of the shell breaker was analyzed. Results: The main parameters of the vertical cone hazelnut shell breaker were determined: the taper of the uniform cone was 30°, the inclination angle of the inner roller bus was 75°, the half cone angle was 15°, the surface groove was spiral, the groove depth was 3 mm, the inclination angle of the outer roller bus was 73°, the half cone angle was 17°, the free stroke of the compression spring design was 230 mm, the middle warp was 160 mm, the wire diameter was 24 mm, the effective number of turns was 6, the total number of turns was 8, and the effective speed range of the inner roller was 229.2～881.5 r/min. Conclusion: This design can automatically adjust the compression amount of the vertical cone shell breaker and adjust the shell breaking gap through the feeding amount, which can adapt to the fruit shape size of different hazelnuts, so that the hazelnut shelling efficiency and kernel preparation rate can be improved.

Abstract In the design and optimisation of marine wireless communication and navigation systems, a thorough investigation of radio wave propagation characteristics under atmospheric ducting conditions is essential. The authors aim to enhance the efficiency of radio wave propagation loss prediction in marine atmospheric ducting environments, proposing a prediction model based on Fast Reordered‐Alternate Direction Decomposition (FR‐ADD). By approximating the diffraction term into three independent components, exploiting the commutative properties of the Fourier transform to reduce the spatial dimensions, and incorporating a rapid algorithm for the parabolic equation, the model optimises the stepping process and significantly improves computational efficiency. Simulation experiments demonstrate that, in the long‐distance and complex marine ducting environments, the model not only maintains prediction accuracy but also substantially reduces computational load and prediction time, effectively realising over‐the‐horizon propagation prediction. In the experiment of radio wave propagation characteristics in the Yellow and Bohai Seas, the simulation data from the FR‐ADD model showed significant correlation with actual measurements and simulations from the AREPS software, confirming the method's efficiency and practicality.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of ofatumumab in the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs). Methods The clinical data of 25 patients with NMOSDs hospitalized in The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from April 2022 to March 2023 and treated with ofatumumab were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into 2 groups, Group A with 12 cases receiving regular medication, and Group B with 13 cases receiving medication based on the percentage of CD19+B lymphocytes. Annual relapse rate (ARR), the number of relapses, the frequency and time of relapses, and the symptoms of relapses were calculated before and at one year of medication. The neurological function was assessed by Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) before and at one year of medication. The adverse drug reactions were recorded during medication. Results After one year treatment with ofatumumab, 3 patients (12%) experienced recurrence. One patient in Group A experienced recurrence twice, one month and 5 months after treatment, respectively. At the second recurrence, the percentage of CD19+B lymphocytes was 2.80%. Two patients in Group B experienced recurrence, one patient relapsed twice at 2 and 6 months after medication. The percentage of CD19+B lymphocytes was 0.80% and 0.21%, respectively; another patient relapsed once at 2 months after medication. At the time of recurrence, the percentage of CD19+B lymphocytes was 0.70%. There was a statistically significant difference in ARR before and after one year treatment (F = 29.061, P = 0.000). After one year's treatment, the ARR of Group A (t = 13.215, P = 0.001) and Group B (t = 19.259, P = 0.000) was decreased than before. There were 8 cases of the injection site pain, 3 cases of fever after injection, and one case of headache after injection. There were no serious adverse reactions such as disability and death, and EDSS scores were not increased. Conclusions Continuous administration of ofatumumab every 3 months or based on the percentage of CD19+B lymphocyte can reduce recurrence. Combination with corticosteroids should be alert to the risk of infection.

The shear force and textural properties (hardness, elasticity and chewiness) of Ningxia Tan lamb meat stored at −80 ℃ (control), −2, −18 or 4 ℃ for 7 days were determined by cysteine oxidative modification proteomics. Meanwhile, the cysteine oxidation sites were identified, and the Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the oxidation intensity of significantly differential oxidation sites (SDOS) and the quality indicators of refrigerated Tan lamb meat. The results showed that compared with the control group, the shear force and texture characteristics of lamb meat in the experimental groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and 25 SDOS proteins (including 10 structural proteins, 8 metabolic enzymes, 2 degradative enzymes and 5 other proteins) were significantly correlated with at least one quality indicator (P < 0.05), which could be used as potential biomarkers to evaluate changes in the tenderness and texture of lamb meat during storage.

Fatty acids in oat flour have been analyzed by using multiple reaction monitoring mode of gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The samples and fatty acid standards were methylated by potassium hydroxide - methanol and boron trifluoride- methanol solutions for 15 min to produce the corresponding fatty acid methyl ester. Then, the products would be separated through DB-FastFAME (90 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm) capillary column. Multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) was performed under electron bombardment ionization (EI) source, and the external standard method was carried out for quantitative analysis. 40 kinds of fatty acid methyl esters could be completely separated within 38 min. A good linear relationship was achieved in the concentration range of 0.4~40 μg/mL. The correlation coefficients of standard curve were all greater than 0.999 7. The limit of quantification of 6 fatty acids such as C20:2 was 0.003 g/100 g, and the remaining 34 fatty acids was 0.000 6 g/100 g. The standard recoveries of fatty acids were 86.6%~107.3%, and the precision was between 0.9% and 5.2%. It is a method for simple operate and high selectivity, which has a good accurate, precise and sensitive. The method is suitable for the rapid and accurate determination of fatty acids in oat flour.

This experiment established a relative quantitative detection method for bovine derived components in milk powder based on Real time PCR. The specificity, sensitivity, and stability of cattle-specific primers and probes were tested. By simulating mixed samples of cow’s milk powder and horse’s milk powder with different concentrations, linear fitting was performed based on the functional relationship of their △Ct values, and a standard curve was drawn to establish a relative quantitative detection of bovine derived components in milk powder. The results showed that the minimum detection limit of this method was 0.000 01 mg/mL. The recovery rate was 91.11%~119.2%, with an inter group coefficient of variation of ≤0.58% and an intra group coefficient of variation of ≤1.44%. This method is suitable for detecting the adulteration of bovine derived components and content in milk powder in terms of specificity and stability.

ObjectiveTo establish a rapid and accurate molecular method for detecting Clostridium perfringens （C. perfringens） in food using fluorescent multi-enzyme isothermal rapid amplification （MIRA）.MethodsPrimers and probes based on the conserved sequence of the C. perfringens alpha toxin-coding gene plc were designed separately， and the fluorescence MIRA method was established and optimized. The genomic DNA of 17 non-C.perfringens strains were extracted for specificity verification， and the isolated DNA and bacterial solutions of different dilutions were used for sensitivity evaluation. Matrix interference testing with 4 types of food media was also performed to evaluate the stability of the method， and the actual sample detection results were compared with the standard method to verify its practicality.ResultsThe fluorescent MIRA method for C. perfringens used in this study had high specificity. The results returned negative for other non-C. perfringens strains. MIRA also had high sensitivity， with detection limits of 1.05×101 fg/μL for genomic DNA and 7.5×100 CFU/mL for pure C. perfringens cultures. It also had a strong anti-interference ability； the detection results were not affected by the matrix， and the detection time was short （approximately 20 min）.ConclusionThis study developed a rapid， accurate， sensitive and specific fluorescent MIRA method for the molecular detection of C. perfringens in food.

The photoresponsive adsorption materials are of great significance to the light controlled release performance of pollutants and the development of green regeneration of adsorption materials. A photo-responsive cellulose based imprinted adsorbent (Cell-AB-MIP) was synthesized by surface-initiates atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) using cellulose as raw material, azobenzene derivatives as functional monomers, and the typical pesticide residues 2, 4-D as template. The synthetic conditions were optimized by single factor experiment, and the structure and performance of the material was analyzed by some characterization methods. The results show that the surface of Cell-AB-MIP contains abundant functional groups (—COOH, N=N, etc.), which have a high specific recognition effect for 2, 4-D. The introduction of azobenzene group makes Cell-AB-MIP have excellent photo-induced regeneration performance. The azobenzene group on Cell-AB-MIP surface changes from trans-configuration to cis-configuration under UV irradiation, then changing the binding affinity of adsorbent for pollutants, thus realizing green regeneration via UV-light. The desorption efficiency can reach 72.22% in methanol medium under UV light irradiation. After 5 times of cycle, the adsorption percentage to 2, 4-D still remains 83.47%. The analysis results of SEM and EA confirm that the adsorbed pollutants can be separated from the surface of the adsorbent after UV irradiation, completing the regeneration process.

The carbonate reservoir in Puguang Gas Field has the characteristics of large burial depth， developed reef-flat facies， poor matrix properties， widespread development of natural fractures， and strong heterogeneity. The challenge is to construct three-dimensional geological modeling of such strongly heterogeneous dual-medium reservoirs. We divided the reservoir modeling object into two major media： matrix and fracture. Based on single well interpretation data and seismic wave impedance data， the matrix model was established by using well-seismic combination， step-by-step facies control， and multi-trend fusion probability constraint volume construction. According to the idea of multi-scale and multi-stage modeling， the entropy weight method combined with expert experience evaluation was used to construct the spatial distribution constraint volume of fracture through the integration of mechanism-geology-seismic data， as well as tectonic stress fields， distances to the fault， and seismic sensitive attributes of fractures. Under the constraints of the constraint volume， the fracture model was constructed by the discrete fracture network modeling. The numerical simulation of the gas reservoir was conducted on the established matrix-fracture model. The historical fitting rate of each well reaches 90%， and the fitting error is controlled within 20%， indicating a high fitting accuracy of the model.

ObjectiveTemporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a prevalent refractory partial epilepsy seen in clinical practice, with most cases originating from the hippocampus and being characterized by impaired learning and memory. Oxidative stress plays a direct role in the development of epilepsy and neurodegeneration while promoting cognitive dysfunction. Previous research indicates that benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) has antioxidative stress properties and contributes to neuroprotection. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of BITC on a lithium-pilocarpine-induced temporal lobe epileptic mice model.MethodsWe conducted Intellicage learning tests, Morris water maze, open field test, and step-down-type passive avoidance tests, respectively. In addition, body weight and brain-to-body ratio were calculated. Nissl staining, real-time quantitative PCR detection of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1(NQO1) were performed. Content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were determined.ResultsOur results demonstrate that BITC enhances cognitive function and motor ability in mice, as determined by Intellicage learning tests, Morris water maze, open field test, and step-down-type passive avoidance tests, respectively. Epilepsy leads to the loss of neurons in the CA3 region, while BITC treatment plays a positive role in neuroprotection, especially in the cortex. In comparison to the control group, the EP group exhibited decreased transcription levels of HO-1 and NQO1, alongside reduced GSH-Px activity, while MDA content was elevated. Conversely, the BITC treatment group, when compared to the EP group, showed enhanced transcription levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1, along with increased GSH-Px activity, and a decrease in MDA content.ConclusionIn summary, our study provides evidence that BITC can improve cognitive impairments in pilocarpine-induced epileptic mice, demonstrating significant antioxidant effects and neuroprotective properties. This highlights its potential as a phytochemical for managing the sequelae of epilepsy.

Boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT), as a highly promising radiotherapy modality, has emerged as a significant treatment option for various malignant tumors, including high-grade gliomas, recurrent head and neck cancers, and melanoma. BNCT is characterized by the nuclear reactions that occur when nonradioactive 10B is irradiated by low energy thermal neutron to yield high linear energy transfer(LET) particles, such as 4He and 7Li. These particles have high relative biological efficacy and a short path length of approximately the diameter of a single cell(5-9 μm), which enables selective damage to tumour cells marked with 10B and preserves the adjacent normal tissue. Compared to classical radiotherapies, BNCT has garnered growing attention within the medical community due to its precision targeting, potent biological effects, and short course of treatment. The therapeutic efficacy of BNCT is based on accurately controlling radiation dose, which is mainly determined by the local 10B concentration of tumour and the neutron flux. Currently, BNCT is being implemented in clinical trials. Dynamic and quantitative monitoring of 10B concentration of boron-containing drugs in intratumor is the key element to realize the “efficiency and side-effect reduction” of BNCT. Consequently, there is an urgent need for the development of more accurate measurement techniques. In this review, we provide a concise overview of the principles underlying BNCT, and summarize various monitoring methods for boron-containing drugs during treatment, including physical, nuclear, chemical, and novel techniques utilizing advanced molecular imaging technologies such as positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and optical imaging. Furthermore, we analyze the strengths and limitations of these approaches. We hope this review provides informative insights into the future development of the precise and efficient BNCT.

Autonomous coordination of multi-agent systems can improve the reaction and dispatching ability of multiple agents to emergency events. The existing research has mainly focused on the reactions or dispatching in specific scenarios. However, task-level coordination has not received significant attention. This study proposes a framework for autonomous switching of task-level strategies (ASTS), which can automatically switch strategies according to different scenarios in the task execution process. The framework is based on the blackboard system, which takes the form of an instance as an agent and the form of norm(s) as a strategy; it uses events to drive autonomous cooperation among multiple agents. A norm may be triggered when an event occurs. After the triggered norm is executed, it can change the data, state, and event in ASTS. To demonstrate the autonomy and switchability of the proposed framework, we develop a fire emergency reaction dispatch system. This system is applied to emergency scenarios involving fires. Five types of strategies and two control modes are designed for this system. Experiments show that this system can autonomously switch between different strategies and control modes in different scenarios with promising results. Our framework improves the adaptability and flexibility of multiple agents in an open environment and represents a solid step toward switching strategies at the task level.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding oat flour on the characteristics of potato-oat compound dough and determine the appropriate ratio of oat flour and potato. Methods: Five different ratios of oat flour (15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35%) were selected and the color difference, microstructure, textural properties, rheological properties and pasting properties of the oat-potato composite dough were measured and sensory evaluation was carried out. Results: With the increase of oat flour, the color of compound dough gradually changed to red and dark. The internal microstructure of the composite dough was getting closer and closer, and hardness increased gradually; in the dynamic frequency scanning process, the elastic modulus and viscosity modulus of the compound dough with different addition amounts first increased, then decreased and then increased, and the loss factor first increased and then decreased. The initial gelatinization temperature, peak gelatinization temperature and end gelatinization temperature of compound dough decreased first and then increased. The sensory evaluation showed that the overall score of oat flour was higher than that of composite dough with other added amounts in the range of 20% ~ 25%, and it was more acceptable to consumers. Conclusion: The appropriate amount of oat flour to be added was between 20% and 25%.

Shelling rate and kernel breaking rate are the two key indicators of shelled materials, and mechanical shelling is one of the important methods to improve these key indicators. In this paper, the common mechanical shelling methods, mechanical shelling types, mechanical shelling principles and development status of shelling materials were analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of mechanical hulling equipment were summarized, and suggestions were made for the problems existing in the current application of mechanical hulling.

Aiming at the transmission characteristics of the second harmonic of a single crank connecting rod mechanism, a composite crank connecting rod mechanism with output precise sinusoidal velocity-time characteristics is innovatively proposed. The output characteristics of the new mechanism are demonstrated through analytical analysis, and its velocity formulas are deduced. Considering the error existing in adjusting the lengths of the two cranks, the influence of the length difference on the output error is analyzed. The Adams software is used to simulate the mechanism. When the difference between the lengths of the two cranks is 0.5 mm, the error between the speed output law and the standard sine curve is small. The research results show that the mechanism reduces the velocity-time errors of a single crank-link mechanism from 25% to less than 1%, which can meet the requirements of low cost in the initial test of products such as tidal energy power generation devices and automobile suspension vibrations. It also meets the requirements for rapid experimentation.

Electrochromic (EC) windows based on reversible metal electro-deposition/dissolution (RME) are exciting alternatives to static lighting control using blinds and shades. However, the difficulty of reversibly and uniformly electrodepositing large-area metal layers seriously hinders the development of RME-type EC windows. In this paper, we develop a novel EC system based on reversible oxide electro-deposition/dissolution (ROE) of MnO2, achieving a profound and bistable color change between rust brown and completely transparent. This ROE-MnO2 system exhibits a significantly high optical modulation amplitude (ΔT) without any deterioration within 1000 switching cycles (ΔT 550nm actually increases from 44.8 % up to 46.9 % after the cycling test), which is almost double compared to the traditional cation-insertion/extraction triggered MnO2 (RCI-MnO2) EC system. This work may inspire the exploration of novel ROE-type EC systems.

Cell therapy based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been a hot research topic in recent years, including the traditional cell therapy strategy based on living cells and the new cell-free therapy strategy based on soluble proteins or bioactive molecules such as extracellular vesicles (EVs). At present, MSC-induced cells have mature functions and specific structures, and insitu transplantation combined with biomaterials or organic technology has greatly improved the settlement rate and function. On the other hand, as the large-scale culture technique and EVs separation technique evolve, it is possible to obtain a large number of pure EVs, and EVs are gradually becoming a hot spot of current research. An increasing number of studies have shown that the therapeutic effect of MSCs not only occurs by implantation and differentiation but also manifests as the paracrine effect of MSCs. In this review, we discuss the emerging outcomes of cell therapies and acellular therapies to alleviate these pathological conditions.

In this paper, we use random forest feature extraction to classify and rank the importance of the behavioral features in the student behavior dataset and obtain the behavioral features with top importance. In the knowledge tracking model, the multidimensional feature strategy is integrated, and the attention weight is introduced in the prediction stage, respectively, so as to predict the results of students’ spatiotemporal behavioral prediction behavioral prediction. The results show that the dormitory area activity has the highest percentage of 30.27%, followed by the teaching area and dining hall area activities. Rest > Study > Eat reflects the regularity of students’ behavior. Behaviors vary at different times of the day. From 0:00 to 7:00, most behaviors are related to rest, while from 8:00 to 11:00, behaviors related to class and eating are predominant. Attending classes abnormally only happened in the second week (3%) and the third week (5%). In the prediction of consumption behavior, the sixth type of students, the average monthly consumption is shallow (541.34) and less frequent (249), and teachers should pay more attention to the life of these students and intervene in the education of mental and physical health.

This study analyzes the factors affecting college students’ employment motivation, especially the influence of college students’ acceptance of employment guidance, to propose effective strategies to improve employment motivation. This paper discusses the factors that affect college students’ employment motivation, with particular attention to their willingness to accept employment guidance. The research methodology included regression analyses of student data, significant data, and career guidance data for undergraduate students at University A between 2018 and 2022. The results showed that factors such as career guidance acceptance, professional knowledge, and interpersonal communication ability significantly affected students’ motivation to find employment. Specifically, students who received career guidance increased their motivation by an average of 15 per cent, while those with professional solid knowledge increased their motivation by 20 per cent. In addition, we found that gender, type of specialization and place of origin significantly affected motivation, and that comprehensive career guidance and targeted educational strategies are essential for improving college students’ motivation.

This paper firstly constructs a PLC-based intelligent irrigation control system, analyzes the requirements of its system functions, and determines three major modules of the system: data acquisition module, intelligent irrigation module, and Web service module. Then the system fuzzy control process is determined. According to the moisture value collected by the soil moisture sensor, the average is taken, and the deviation and deviation change rate is obtained by calculating the difference with the set value, and the control value is obtained by querying the previously deposited fuzzy control table through a series of transformations, and the command is executed according to the program setting. The automatic irrigation requirement is achieved by controlling the solenoid valve on and off. Finally, the analysis of system functions in terms of sensor accuracy, system function testing, and temperature and air humidity prediction accuracy was carried out. Regarding sensor accuracy, the error of relative soil moisture content is within 3%, and the relative error of soil temperature is within 0.5. In the system control function test, the solenoid valve will open for irrigation when the soil relative water content is lower than 40% or higher than 70% of the warning range, and the lighting will be turned on when the light intensity is lower than 200 Lux, and the system control is in line with the expectation. The intelligent irrigation system is of great significance to agricultural development.

This paper aims to build a system of innovation and entrepreneurship education model in colleges and universities. Focusing on the analysis of measurement variables and structural variables in SEM, the evaluation model of college innovation and entrepreneurship education is constructed under the analysis process based on the structural equation model. The path diagram of the standardized solved structural equation model of practice teaching evaluation is outputted through software correction, and the standardized weights of evaluation are determined by combining the structural equation of college innovation and entrepreneurship practice teaching quality evaluation. Apply the evaluation principles to test whether the evaluation model is reasonable. By analyzing the form of innovation and entrepreneurship teaching, the evaluation is conducted according to the structural equation formula to find out the shortcomings in practice for improvement and refinement. The results show that in the dimension of practical teaching preparation, (H1) corresponds to effect coefficients of 0.47, 0.47, 0.60 and 0.53, and the percentages of students who receive innovation and entrepreneurship education courses very systematically are 3.5%, 5%, 6% and 9%. Most of the students were very satisfied and satisfied with the innovation and entrepreneurship courses, with 45% and 40%.

According to understanding of the pathogenesis of acne, scholars have established animal models of acne inflammation, animal models of grafting human skin acne, and natural acne animal models. The acne inflammation model is mainly induced by bacterial infection, chemical drug application, and foreign matter injection. Natural acne animal models include animals that some are sensitivity to hormones and some have clinical symptoms of acne. It is necessary to select appropriate model animals and replicate model methods for the development of acne intervention products with different degrees and mechanisms. At present, there are only human evaluation standards of acne health functions in China, but no animal evaluation standards, which has affected the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of acne as well as the research and development progress of acne products. This article summarizes the conditions for the occurrence of acne, the characteristics of human skin, the bidirectional effect of Cutibacterium acnes on human skin, acne animal models, and commonly used observation and evaluation indicators, providing the reference for studying the pathogenesis of acne, promoting acne treatment and health care, and developing treatment products.

Mulberry is a common crop rich in flavonoids, and its leaves (ML), fruits (M), and branches (Ramulus Mori, RM) have medicinal value. In the present study, a total of 118 flavonoid metabolites (47 flavone, 23 flavonol, 16 flavonoid, 8 anthocyanins, 8 isoflavone, 14 flavanone, and 2 proanthocyanidins) and 12 polyphenols were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. The most abundant in ML were 8-C-hexosyl-hesperetin O-hexoside and astragalin, the most abundant in M were 8-C-hexosyl-hesperetin O-hexoside and naringenin, and the most abundant in RM were cyanidin 3-O-galactoside and gallocatechin–gallocatechin. The total flavonoid compositions of ML and RM were essentially the same, but the contents of flavonoid metabolite in more than half of them were higher than those in M. Compared with ML, the contents of flavone and flavonoid in RM and M were generally down-regulated. Each tissue part had a unique flavonoid, which could be used as a marker to distinguish different tissue parts. In this study, the differences between flavonoid metabolite among RM, ML, and M were studied, which provided a theoretical basis for making full use of mulberry resources.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Lyophyllum ulmarium fibrinolytic enzyme （LUFE） on rats with hyperlipidemia. Methods: Hyperlipidemia models were established by feeding with a high-fat diet, and the model rats were gavaged with different doses of LUFE. HE stain was used to analyze the morphological changes of liver.The biochemical indexes of rat plasma were detected by colorimetric method.WB analyses the expression level of related proteins. Results: LUFE could alleviate the liver tissue injury of hyperlipidemia rats and reduce the plasma lipid level and IL-6, TNF-α，MCP-1，ALT，AST. LUFE can down regulate TLR4，MyD88，phosphorylated PI3K，phosphorylated Akt and phosphorylated NF-кB protein level. Conclusion: LUFE protects against hyperlipidemia-induced liver injury in rats by regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-кB and TLR4/MyD88/NF-кB signaling pathways.

[Objective] Cultivated land resources are the main material basis for food production. Analyzing the characteristics of the spatial and temporal changes of cultivated land resources in the typical black soil region has important reference value for optimizing the allocation of cultivated land resources. [Methods] Based on the land use data of four periods from 1986 to 2020 in the typical black soil region of Northeast China, the quantitative change of cultivated land resources characterized by the increase and decrease of cultivated land area were revealed. Taking the change of cultivated land spatial pattern as the breakthrough point, the characteristics of cultivated land resource quality change represented by site conditions were analyzed. On this basis, the driving factors of spatial and temporal changes of cultivated land resources were analyzed. [Results] (1) From 1986 to 2020, the area of cultivated land in the typical black soil region in Northeast China had been increasing, with a net increase of 2.51 × 104 km2, of which the largest increase occurred from 1986 to 2000, and the areas with more dramatic changes in cultivated land were concentrated in the southern foot of the Greater Xing’an Mountains, the Sanjiang Plain, and the areas surrounding the three provincial capital cities of the region; (2) For more than 30 years, due to the continuous movement of the center of gravity of the cultivated land to the northeast, the average temperature of the cultivated land area in the typical black soil region decreased by 0.20℃, the average humidity increased by 0.12%, and the average slope showed the change characteristics of first increasing and then decreasing; Compared with the transferred-out farmland, the temperature condition of the farmland that was transferred in was always poor, the humidity condition was generally superior, the slope condition was poor at the beginning, and better than the transferred-out farmland at a later stage; (3) In areas with low temperature (-1℃-2℃), high humidity (67%-71%), and high slope (15°-79°), cultivated land was frequently transferred in and out, with dramatic changes. [Conclusion] From 1986 to 2020, the area of cultivated land in the black soil region continued to increase, and the center of gravity continued to move northward and eastward, making the overall temperature conditions of cultivated land area worse, the humidity conditions better, and the terrain conditions basically stable. This result provides a reference for accurately judging the grain production capacity of the black soil area and scientifically utilizing and protecting the black soil.

High speed directly modulated semiconductor laser offers high speed transmission rate with high reliability and low cost, making it a cost-effective light source choice for 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G) fronthaul and data center applications.There have been many researches on the performance improvement of high-speed directly modulated semiconductor lasers.This paper reviews the development of high-speed semiconductor lasers from the aspects of uncooled wide-temperature operation research and ultra-high-speed bandwidth improvement.We also briefly introduce our work in this area.

We investigate a simple objective for nonlinear instrumental variable (IV) regression based on a kernelized conditional moment restriction known as a maximum moment restriction (MMR). The MMR objective is formulated by maximizing the interaction between the residual and the instruments belonging to a unit ball in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. First, it allows us to simplify the IV regression as an empirical risk minimization problem, where the risk function depends on the reproducing kernel on the instrument and can be estimated by a U-statistic or V-statistic. Second, on the basis this simplification, we are able to provide consistency and asymptotic normality results in both parametric and nonparametric settings. Finally, we provide easy-to-use IV regression algorithms with an efficient hyperparameter selection procedure. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithms using experiments on both synthetic and real-world data.

With the continuous advancement of aging in China, the number of older inpatients has increased sharply. Older patients have a high demand for planning their discharge services. Nurses serve as the leader of discharge planning for patients; there is a lack of reliable evaluation tool to evaluate the core competitiveness of nurses who implement discharge planning for older patients in China. The purpose of this study was to validate the index for the core competence of nurses who lead discharge planning for older patients developed by a project team through the Delphi method in the early stage.

[Objective] The aim of this study was to explore the direction and mechanism of impact of scientific and technological innovation on urban land use efficiency, and to examine the influence of the spatial spillover effect of scientific and technological innovation on urban land use efficiency by dividing the Wuhan metropolitan area into three zones. [Methods] Based on the concept of innovation-driven green development and the theory of development zones, this study explored the impact of scientific and technological innovation on urban land green use efficiency and its mechanism. In this study, the slacks-based measure (SBM) model, panel regression model, and mediation effect model were used to analyze the zonal differences of urban land green use efficiency in 48 districts and counties of the Wuhan metropolitan area from 2010 to 2020. [Results] (1) The green use efficiency of urban land in the Wuhan metropolitan area showed an increasing trend, and the average green use efficiency of urban land in the three zones showed the following characteristics: the core areas > areas close to the core > the periphery. (2) Through the agglomeration effect and the structural effect, scientific and technological innovation had a considerable impact on the urban land green use efficiency. (3) Urban heterogeneity affected the spatial spillover effect of scientific and technological innovation through the agglomeration and configuration of input factors. Finally, the mechanism of impact of scientific and technological innovation in the three major zones was different. In the core areas, scientific and technological innovation generated the agglomeration effect and structural effect to improve the green use efficiency of urban land. In the areas close to the core, scientific and technological innovation improved the green use efficiency of urban land only through the agglomeration effect. On the periphery, scientific and technological innovation inhibited the improvement of urban land green use efficiency. [Conclusion] Scientific and technological innovation can promote the green use efficiency of urban land in the Wuhan metropolitan area, but urban heterogeneity affected the spatial spillover effect of scientific and technological innovation and influenced the green use efficiency of urban land by affecting the concentration and allocation of factors.

Traumatic panniculitis （TP） refers to the changes in subcutaneous fat related to physical or chemical agents. It is a self-limiting disease， which only requires symptomatic treatment. At present， TP has been rarely reported at home and abroad. Clinical manifestations of TP are nonspecific. In this article， a 45-year-old female patient with TP was reported. She presented with skin redness， swelling， fever and pain with unknown causes， accompanied by high fever. She had acute onset and evident systematic symptoms. Pathological examination of subcutaneous tissues at the lesion site revealed the necrotic adipose tissues， and collagen fibers and fibroblasts were seen among the interlobular septa. She was initially diagnosed with TP. After comprehensive examination， the pathogenesis was gradually excluded and the diagnosis of TP was finally confirmed. This case prompts that for skin infectious necrosis with unknown cause， histopathological biopsy can be promptly performed to validate the diagnosis. Symptomatic treatment should be actively delivered to delay the disease progression and mitigate the pain of TP patients.

Based on the principle of electron migration, eFuse realizes the programming operation by fusing the fuse to change its resistance characteristics irreversibly. High reliability is the core goal of eFuse system and circuit optimization design. This paper starts with the working principle and failure mode analysis of eFuse, and then focuses on the system causes and processes affecting its reliability. Based on the comprehensive conventional circuit design, combined with the factors affecting reliability in various working modes and specific modules, finally, a set of targeted circuit design solutions are proposed.

A company prepared 304 stainless steel screws through drawing, cold heading, and punching treatment processes. Cracks appeared at the cross hole of the nut, and a large number of samples had cracks. After inclusion analysis, metallographic analysis, and flow pattern analysis, it was found that the cracking of the cap was mainly caused by excessive pressure during the punching process. Subsequently, the punching pressure was reduced by 20 MPa, and the problem of cap cracking was solved.

【Purpose】Urban green spaces mitigate carbon emissions, boost carbon sinks, and address environmental risks. Analyzing their types, carbon stocks, and key tree species' sequestration capacity aids in improving green space management. This advances the "Carbon Peak, Carbon Neutral" strategy, guiding greening industry development and robust ecosystem construction.【Method】A systematic survey was conducted at representative urban green space sites, establishing observation plots to study species composition and woody plant populations. The carbon sequestration capacity of major tree species was evaluated considering baseline carbon stock and a latitude correction parameter.【Result】The total carbon stock in Suqian's urban green spaces stands at 136,285.47 tons, with regional green spaces contributing the most, followed by parks and protective green spaces, while subsidiaries account for the least. Analysis reveals that the arbor layer is the primary carbon pool, surpassing soil, shrub, and herb layers. Notably, different arbor species exhibit significant variations in carbon sink capacity. There is an obvious difference in the carbon sink capacity of different tree species, and among the 30 major tree species in Suqian City, there is an obvious difference in the carbon sink capacity of different tree species, and there is an obvious difference in the carbon sink capacity of different tree species，Populus adenopoda, Populus × canadensis, Cedrus deodara, Triadica sebifera, Celtis julianae, Celtis sinensis, Liquidambar formosana, Malus spectabilis, Ligustrum lucidum, Acer buergerianum, Osmanthus fragrans, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Ginkgo bilobaet al. Carbon sink capacity is weaker, and the carbon sink capacity of species will not be insignificantly related to the length of the time interval, but will be affected by the latitudinal zonal space。【Conclusion】 For urban green space management, trees are pivotal, dominating carbon sequestration potential compared to shrubs and herbs. Thus, studying carbon sequestration and oxygen release of tree communities is crucial. Additionally, attention should be given to tree configuration and species selection, prioritizing locally adapted, high-carbon sequestration trees while considering landscape aesthetics and biodiversity conservation, for efficient urban green space management.

Machine Learning (ML) has become one of the important tools for High Energy Physics analysis. As the size of the dataset increases at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), and at the same time the search spaces become bigger and bigger in order to exploit the physics potentials, more and more computing resources are required for processing these ML tasks. In addition, complex advanced ML workflows are developed in which one task may depend on the results of previous tasks. How to make use of vast distributed CPUs/GPUs in WLCG for these big complex ML tasks has become a popular research area. In this paper, we present our efforts enabling the execution of distributed ML workflows on the Production and Distributed Analysis (PanDA) system and intelligent Data Delivery Service (iDDS). First, we describe how PanDA and iDDS deal with large-scale ML workflows, including the implementation to process workloads on diverse and geographically distributed computing resources. Next, we report real-world use cases, such as HyperParameter Optimization, Monte Carlo Toy confidence limits calculation, and Active Learning. Finally, we conclude with future plans.

In recent years, the level of digitalization and intelligence in the energy sector has profoundly changed the management mode of the energy sector. However, in the process of promoting the digital transformation of the energy sector, we also face some difficulties. One of the main manifestations is the lack of energy data sharing, and the difficulty of realizing the convergence and integration of various types of energy data. In addition, there is insufficient mastery of customer-side energy use data and a lag in the perception of customer demand, which requires the improvement and enhancement of energy efficiency diagnosis and energy saving services. At the same time, we have not yet established advanced digital technology monitoring means to grasp the user’s energy use and carbon emissions in real time. Therefore, this paper proposes the study of high-precision accounting methods for regional carbon emissions under the carbon peak goal. Based on the energy consumption and production activities of each region, a greenhouse gas emission inventory is compiled, so that carbon emissions can be accurately calculated. The high-precision accounting method of carbon emissions is analyzed, and by establishing a more complete database and model, and constructing a regional online monitoring system under the peak carbon target, we aim to improve the efficiency of data acquisition and processing, as well as how to combine carbon emission accounting with the peak carbon target, in order to provide support for the formulation of a more effective emission reduction policy. The testing experiments after flow and CO2 concentration measurements show that the accuracy of the experiments on regional carbon emissions is as high as 97.5%.

To explore the demulsification mechanism of emulsion under electric fields, the movement process of dispersed phase droplets in water-in-oil emulsion was simulated with the finite element method. Herein, the oil-water distribution was represented with the phase field method, and the accuracy and efficiency of calculation on fluid flow process was improved with the structured quadrilateral grid. Besides, the influence laws of electric field parameters, as well as the physical parameters of emulsion, on the droplet deformation and coalescence were systematically studied to provide theoretical basis for the efficient application of electric demulsification technology. According to the results, the higher the electric field intensity, root mean square(RMS) of electric field waveform and droplet size, the greater the deformability and coalescence ability of droplets are. The droplet deformation is independent of frequency under the high-frequency conditions, and the frequency has little effect on the coalescence rate of droplets. Meanwhile, the droplet deformation and coalescence rate can been improved by decreasing the continuous phase viscosity and oil-water interfacial tension. In addition, the microcosmic mechanism of droplet deformation and coalescence was also discussed. It is found that the maximum droplet deformation is in strong linear relationship with the electric Weber number in the case of small deformation, and the electric field intensity,droplet size and interfacial tension affect the coalescence efficiency of droplets by influencing the evolution of liquid bridge between droplets.

Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for advanced colorectal cancer (ACRC) is a kind of well-evidenced therapy, yet a portion of ACRC patients have poor therapeutic response. To date, no suitable biomarker used for assessing NAT efficacy has been reported. Here, we collect 72 colonoscopy biopsy tissue specimens from ACRC patients before undergoing NAT and investigate the relationship between HOXA13 expression and NAT efficacy. The results show that HOXA13 expression in pretreated tumor specimens is negatively associated with tumor regression ( P

Foamy viruses belong to the Spumaretrovirinae subfamily member of the Retroviridae family and produce nonpathogenic infection to hosts in the natural conditions. However, infections of foamy viruses can dramatically cause severe cytopathic effects in vitro. To date, the exact molecular mechanism has remained unclear which implied the tremendous importance of virus-host cell immune reactions. In this study, we found that the transactivator Tas in two foamy viruses isolated from Old World Monkey (OWM) induced obvious inhibition of cell proliferation via the upregulation of Foxo3a expression. It was mediated by the generation of ROS and the initiation of ER stress, and ultimately, the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was triggered. Notably, PFV Tas contributed to the accumulation of G0/G1 phase cycle arrest induced by the activation of the p53 signaling pathway and the nuclear transportation of HDAC4 via upregulating PPM1E expression. Together, these results demonstrated the different survival strategies by which foamy virus can hijack host cell cytokines and regulate virus-host cell interactions.

In this paper, 66 samples belonging to 12 varieties of domestic high-gluten wheat in 2021 were collected, and their physicochemical, rheological and bread sensory properties were analyzed. The results of the main component analysis showed that the total sensory score of bread had a strong correlation with gluten index, maximum tensile resistance, mixing time, stretching area and stabilization time, etc. At the same time, the screening of wheat varieties with high similarity through cluster analysis could play a key guiding role in the development and maintenance of production stability of baking special flour. Comparing the fitting quality of the bread total sensory score prediction model established by the three methods of stepwise regression, partial least squares and neural network model, the model built using artificial neural network was significantly better than other models. Using neural network models, the baking characteristics of different varieties of wheat could be quickly predicted, ensuring product stability, while also facilitating the development of more targeted baking special flours.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of the production of ethephon in the freezing thawing and fresh keeping of fresh walnut, and to provide theoretical basis and technical support for fresh walnut freezing thawing and fresh keeping technology system. Methods: The late fruiting walnut variety 'Qingxiang' from Longnan county of Gansu province was used as the experimental material, and then the green walnut was picked by hand and then peeled by Ethephon. Meanwhile, the artificial peeling was used as the control （CK）. The fresh walnut was peeled and stored in a constant temperature freezer with temperature of -7~-5 ℃ and humidity of 85%~95%, the effects of ethephon on sensory quality （seed shell color, seed coat color, seed coat browning index, peeling difficulty and seed kernel flavor）, nutritional quality （water content, total fat content） and oil quality （acid value, iodine value, peroxide value and saponification value） of fresh walnut kernel after freezing thawing were studied. Results: Under the conditions of -7~-5 ℃ frozen storage, Ethrel accelerated the browning rate of peeled fresh kernels in the early stage of frozen storage to a certain extent. After 10 months of frozen storage, the scores of shell color, shell color and kernel flavor were 73.48, 74.56 and 77.26, respectively; The kernel water content, total fat content, acid value, iodine value, peroxide value and saponification value were 22.07%, 49.74%, 0.62 mg/g, 145.31 g/100 g, 3.62 meq/kg and 169.53 mg/g, respectively. There was no significant difference compared with the artificial peeled fresh walnut, which could maintain better flavor and nutritional quality. Conclusion: Ethephon accelerated ripening and peeling had no adverse effect on the quality of fresh walnut after freezing thawing. Ethephon could be used in the pretreatment process of fresh walnut frozen storage.

It is found that patients with hyperprolactinemia may have impulse control disorder(ICD) when treated with dopamine receptor agonist(DA), such as pathological gambling, high sexual desire, high appetite and forced shopping. This phenomenon also occurs in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) or other neurological diseases treated with dopamine agonists. The pathogenesis may be that DA overstimulates D3 receptor. Drug withdrawal is a well accepted treatment method, which may reach a better catabatic outcome.

The purpose of this study is to explore the potentiality of wind propulsion on semi-submersible ships. A new type of Flettner rotor (two rotating cylinders) system installed on a semi-submersible ship is proposed. The structure and installation of two cylinders with a height of 20 m and a diameter of 14 m are introduced. The numerical simulation of the cylinder is carried out in Fluent software. The influence of apparent wind angle and spin ratio on the two cylinders are analysed, when the distance between two cylinders is 3D-13D (D is cylinder diameter). When the distance between two cylinders is 3D, the performance of the system increases with an increase in spin ratio. Moreover, the apparent wind angle also has an effect on the system performance. Specifically, the thrust contribution of the system at the apparent wind angle of 120° is the largest at the spin ratio of 3.0. The maximum thrust reaches 500 kN. When the spin ratio is 2.5 and the apparent wind angle is 120°, the maximum effective power of the system is 1734 kW. In addition, the influence of the two cylinders distance on system performance cannot be ignored. When the distance between the two cylinders is 7D and the spin ratio is 2.5, the effective power of the system reaches a maximum, which is 1932 kW.

Needle-like SiC whiskers were synthesised by microwave heating using graphite sheets and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as raw materials. It was found that SiC powder could be synthesised at 1000°C for 10min, lower than that of samples made from a granular C source. Furthermore, the heating rate of the samples made with graphite sheets was higher than that of a granular C source. The main morphology of the SiC whiskers was needle-like, which appeared when samples were heated at 1200°C for 10min. Size of the SiC whiskers made with graphite sheets was more uniform than that of a granular C source, which was attributed to the 2D thermal effect. Moreover, the size and the amount of the SiC whiskers increased as the heating temperature increased from 1200 to 1400°C for 10min. The SiC whiskers were oxidised and decomposed into SiC particles when heated to 1500°C for 10min and only SiC particles existed when longer holding times were used.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis(LCH)and Langerhans cell sarcoma(LCS)are characterized by clone proliferation of Langerhans-type cells, which may occur concurrently or sequentially with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and other Lymphoid neoplasms. A 15-year old female patient diagnosed with T-ALL developed LCH involving multiple systems during maintenance chemotherapy of T-AL. After treated with chemotherapy with improved result, the patient showed progression of the illness and refractory to the second-line treatment. We found c.G35A (p.G12D)mutation in the KRAS gene and used the targeted drug Trametinib for treatment. The treatment proved effective, leading to partial remission within a week. Three months after Trametinib treatment, the patient developed new lymphadenopathy. Biopsy revealed the existence of LCS. The disease progressed quickly, and the patient died 7 days after diagnosis of LCS. The case of patients with T-ALL then developing LCH and LCS sequentially is extraordinarily rare. The causes of the case is unclear and may be related to cell transdifferentiation, clonal evolution, and chemotherapy. Targeted drugs can contain this disease for a short time.

Objective To explore the expression and significance of serum DKK1 in patients with gastric cancer. Methods We selected 170 gastric cancer patients (gastric cancer group) and 170 subjects with non-gastric cancer during the same period (control group). ELISA was used to detect the DKK1 level. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance, and we analyzed the relation between DKK1 level and age, gender, family history of gastric cancer, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, tumor size, TNM stage, infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, vascular invasion, perineural invasion. Results The serum DDK1 level in GC patients was higher than that in control group (P < 0.0001). ROC curve showed that the possible optimal cut-off value of DKK1 for gastric cancer patients was 167.8 pg/ml, AUC was 0.908, sensitivity was 80.59%, and specificity was 84.71%. There was no significant relation between the serum DKK1 level and age, gender, family history of gastric cancer, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, tumor size, liver metastasis, vascular invasion or distant metastasis (all P > 0.05). However, DKK1 level was significantly related with TNM stage, infiltration depth, lymph node metastasis and perineural invasion (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Serum DKK1 level is higher in gastric cancer patients than that of control group and related with the severity of lesions, which indicates that serum DKK1 may be a potential biomarker for gastric cancer screening.

Based on the energy equilibrium, the computational formula of critical buckling length of multi-layer rock slope is derived. Considering interlayer and cross joints, the numerical manifold method is used to simulate the buckling evolution process of Malvern hills slope in New Zealand, and the theoretical calculation and numerical simulation results are compared with the field measured data. The results show that numerical manifold method can accurately simulate slope buckling failure process by preforming interlayer and cross joints. The process of slope buckling deformation and instability failure can be divided into interlayer dislocation-slight bending, slope toe traction-sharp uplift and accelerated sliding-landslide formation. Under the long-term action of self-weight, the evolution of slope buckling from formation to failure mainly includes three stages: initial bending, sharp bending and landslide formation. The angle between cross joint and slope normal is defined as β. Among the four kinds of cross joints with the angle β of 0°, 15°, 30° and 45°, the slope with 45° cross joint is most prone to slipping and bending deformation, the degree of buckling is the largest, and the number of time steps of slipping and bending is the least. When β is in the range of 30°−45°, the numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the reality.

More and more patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) have benefited from surgical resection or ablation following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), but nCRT may be ineffective and have potential risks to some patients. Therefore, it is necessary to discover effective biomarkers for predicting the nCRT efficacy in CRC patients. Chromokinesin Kif4A plays a critical role in mitosis, DNA damage repair and tumorigenesis, but its relationship with nCRT efficacy in advanced CRC remains unclear. Here, we find that Kif4A expression in pretreated tumor tissue is positively correlated with poorer tumor regression after receiving nCRT ( P=0.005). Knockdown of endogenous Kif4A causes an increased sensitivity of CRC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and Cisplatin (DDP), while overexpression of Kif4A enhances resistance of CRC cells to the chemotherapeutic drugs. Furthermore, depending on its motor domain and tail domain, Kif4A regulates DNA damage response (DDR) induced by 5-FU or DDP treatment in CRC cells. In conclusion, we demonstrate that Kif4A may be a potential independent biomarker for predicting the nCRT efficacy in advanced CRC patients, and Kif4A regulates chemosensitivity of CRC cells through controlling DDR.

To investigate the microstructure and magnetic properties of hot-rolled industrial pure iron during annealing, X-ray diffraction and magnetic hysteresis analysis were performed. The evolution of dislocation density, and magnetic parameters, i.e. the maximum permeability, coercivity, and remanence, were analyzed respectively. Results show that the near equiaxed grain structure of industrial pure iron has no obvious change before and after annealing, and the grain size number is about 3.70. With the annealing time increasing to 5 h at 650 ℃, the dislocation density gradually decreases from the hot-rolled state of 1.80×1014 m-2 to 1.16×1014 m-2, with an amplitude of 35%. At the same time, the diffraction peaks are observed to shift to the left to a certain extent compared with the hot-rolled state, and then to the right. It indicates that the existence of residual compressive stress in micro scale and a subsequent releasing process. The shape of the magnetic hysteresis loops is narrow and changes little with the increase of annealing time. However, the maximum permeability shows a continuous increment, and some abrupt changes are observed in the coercivity and remanence.This might be attributed to the comprehensive influences of dislocation density, internal stress and carbon content. It is indicated that annealing treatment could improve the magnetic properties of industrial pure iron. With a further consideration of the effects of impurity elements, an integrated strategy of composition and microstructure control will improve the ferromagnetic performance of industrial pure iron and expand its electromagnetic applications.