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To explore expression level of alkaloid and its key synthetase gene in Isatis indigotica upon Plasmodiophora brassicae exposure. The grades of disease severity according to morphology were verified. Moreover, histological observation, physiological and biochemical parameters have been collected together with transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis in Isatis indigotica after infection for 0, 7, 14, 21 d. The results were as follows: (1) After inoculation for 0, 7, 14, 21 d with Plasmodiophora brassicae, Isatis indigotica showed club root grades in 0, 1, 3, and 5 respectively, notably, cortical invasion occurred on 7 d. (2) When Plasmodiophora brassicae exposed lasting 14 d later, the contents of soluble protein and malondialdehyde, along with superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and catalase activities in Isatis indigotica increased significantly compared to control group at time depended manner. (3) A total of 161 alkaloids were detected in metabolomics, among those alkaloids, indoles were noticed as the most abundant form. There were 16, 17 and 39 discriminating metabolites had been spotted after infected with Plasmodiophora brassicae for 7, 14, 21 d, the most discriminating metabolites enriched at alkaloid and amino acid metabolism pathways. (4) Transcriptome analysis showed that there were 2 439, 256 and 6 437 genes expression alteration for 7, 14, 21 d compared to control, those differentially expressed genes enriched at 11 alkaloids related metabolism pathways. Markedly, expression level of 9 genes (encoding for enzymes thebaine synthase, tyrosine aminotransferase, indole-3-pyruvate monooxygenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase) were increased after infection for 7, 14, 21 d. The results reveal the interaction between Plasmodiophora brassicae and Isatis indigotica, explored the effects of Plasmodiophora brassicae on indole alkaloid synthesis and its key enzyme genes, and lay a foundation for later research on resistance genes and alkaloid secondary metabolic pathways in Isatis indigotica.

[Objective] The follow-up support work for poverty alleviation relocation is an important measure to consolidate and build the gains of poverty alleviation, and effectively connect with rural revitalization. Knowing whether out-of-poverty farmers can obtain employment after relocation and what kind of employment they can obtain, can provide useful policy references for follow-up support work. [Methods] This study was based on field survey data of farmers lifted out of poverty in 11 counties of 9 provinces in western China in 2021. Linear probability models and instrumental variable methods are used to study the impact of poverty alleviation relocation on the employment of farmers lifted out of poverty. Furthermore, the article discusses the differential impact of non agricultural employment sources, resettlement types, and family status of relocated farmers. The sources of employment for relocated households, as well as the differential effects of resettlement types and family status, were further discussed. [Results] The study found that: (1) Relocation significantly reduces the agricultural labor of farmers lifted out of poverty, but has no significant impact on non-agricultural employment. (2) Dividing non-agricultural employment into public public welfare position and market-based jobs, this study found that the employment of farmers lifted out of poverty in public welfare positions significantly increased, while there was no significant change in market-based employment. (3) Differential analysis shows that the promotion effect of poverty alleviation relocation on public welfare employment is more pronounced among urban resettlement households, and the market-based employment of urban resettlement households faces greater challenges. After the relocation, the employment of public welfare positions for households with asset deficient and human capital deficient increased significantly, while the employment of public welfare positions for households with compound deficiencies did not change significantly. In addition, the non-agricultural employment and market-based employment of relocated households with different family status have not changed significantly. [Conclusion] This study holds that the employment ability of relocated farmers needs to be strengthened, and we should adhere to a policy that emphasizes both employment support and guidance, focus on improving the employment opportunities and skills of relocated farmers, and provide classified policies and targeted assistance to special relocated groups, so as to stimulate and enhance the sustainable development ability of relocated farmers lifted out of poverty.

The problem of college student suicide has been widely discussed, and the prediction of students’ suicide risk through their mental health status is one of the keys to preventing college student suicide. To this end, this paper proposes a suicidal behavior prediction model based on a logistic regression model. It solves the sample imbalance problem by sampling method and adjusts the model parameters using parameters and learning curves. The experiments show that the AUC values of the training and test sets are 0.922 and 0.934, respectively, and the model has a good predictive ability. Logistic regression analysis showed that emotional health problems were significant factors affecting suicidal behavior, in which the correlation coefficients of anxiety and depression with suicidal thoughts were 0.198 and 0.138, respectively, and the results of multifactorial regression analysis of these two emotions showed that economic status, inter-parental violence, and family dysfunction were related to depression and anxiety.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for serum 25-(OH)D level in very preterm infants at 4 weeks of age. Methods A total of 158 very preterm infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital from January 2020 to October 2021 were enrolled, and according to the serum 25-(OH)D level at 4 weeks of age, they were divided into sufficient group(≥75 nmol/L) and insufficient group (

In order to improve the efficiency of dynamic system prediction modelling, this paper proposes a predictive model based on high-order normal differential equations to obtain an explicit model. The high-order constant differential equation model is reduced, and the numerical method is used to solve the predictive value. The results show that the method achieves the synchronisation of model establishment and parameter optimisation, in addition to greatly enhancing the modelling efficiency.

In this paper, we use the Nash–Moser iteration method to study the local and global behaviors of non-negative solutions to the nonlinear elliptic equation Δpu + Δqu + a|u|s−1u + b|u|l−1u = 0 defined on a complete Riemannian manifold (M,g), where q > p > 1, a, b, s, l are constants and Δzu = div(|∇u|z−2∇u), with z ∈{p,q}, is the usual z-Laplace operator. Under some assumptions on p, q, a, b, s and l, we derive gradient estimates and Liouville-type theorems for non-negative solutions to the above equation. In particular, we show that, if u is a non-negative entire solution to Δpu + Δqu = 0 (1 < p < q) on a complete non-compact Riemannian manifold M with non-negative Ricci curvature and dim M = n ≥ 3, and f = |∇u|2 ∈ Lβ(M) where β >max n(q − p) 2 , 1 + p 2 n n − 2, 2n n − 2 , then u is a trivial constant solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study explored the effects of 6 weeks of variable resistance training (VRT) and constant resistance training (CRT) within complex training, on muscle strength and punch performance. Methods: Twenty-four elite female boxers from the China National team were divided randomly between an experimental group (VRT) and a control group (CRT). Maximum strength of the upper and lower limbs, countermovement jump (CMJ) performance, and punch performance (single, 10s and 30s continuous) were assessed pre- and post- intervention. Results: VRT and CRT showed significant increases (p < 0.001) in the bench press (ES = 1.79 and 1.07, respectively), squat (ES = 1.77 and 1.10, respectively), and CMJ (ES = 1.13 and 0.75, respectively). The bench press (p < 0.05) and squat (p < 0.05) improved significantly more following VRT compared to CRT. Additionally, single punch performance (speed, force, and power) increased significantly in the experimental group (ES = 1.17–1.79) and in the control group (ES = 0.58–1.32), except for the lead punch force in the control group (p > 0.05, ES = 0.20). 10s continuous punch performance (number, speed, force, and power) increased significantly (both p < 0.05) in the experimental group (ES = 0.52–1.65) and in the control group (ES = 0.32–0.81). 30s continuous punch performance (number, force, and power) increased significantly increased significantly (both p < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found between groups for punch performance. Conclusion: These findings provide evidence that VRT may improve maximum muscle strength in both upper and lower limbs, vertical jump and punch performance in elite amateur boxers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) is an important fruit crop that is widely cultivated in China, and its production is severely affected by anthracnose. Endophytic bacterial communities play an important role in the establishment of plant diseases, although little is known about these endophytes in persimmon plants. Fangshan persimmon is well known for its excellent quality in Zhejiang Province, China. The present study demonstrated that the Colletotrichum complex was the causal agent of anthracnose in persimmon in Zhejiang. High‐throughput sequencing revealed that bacterial communities in Fangshan persimmon twigs were dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Firmicutes and Bacteroidota. Persimmon twigs infected with Colletotrichum showed obvious shifts in the endophytic bacterial communities, and these shifts in slight infections varied from those in severe infections. For slight infections, the genera Pseudomonas and Burkholderia–Caballeronia–Paraburkholderia were significantly more abundant in slightly symptomatic twigs than in healthy twigs, whereas the genera 1174‐901‐12, Methylocella and Streptococcus exhibited the opposite trend. In severe infections, the genera Curtobacterium, Pseudomonas and Kineococcus were significantly more abundant in severely symptomatic twigs than in healthy twigs, whereas the genera 1174‐901‐12, Lactobacillus and Amnibacterium exhibited opposite trends. The genera Pseudomonas and Curtobacterium showed the strongest positive correlation with anthracnose. This is the first report of endophytic bacterial communities associated with persimmon plants and their interaction with anthracnose disease, and these findings are important for developing biocontrol strategies for persimmon anthracnose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We designed an aptamer-based multifunctional ligand which, upon conjugation to the surface of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), could realize phase transfer, covalent photosensitizer (PS) loading, and cancer cell targeting in one simple step. The as-built PDT nanodrug is selectively internalized into cancer cells and it exhibits highly efficient and selective cytotoxicity.

Enhanced targeted gene transduction by AAV2 vectors is achieved by linking the vector to multiple sgc8 aptamers, which are selective for cell membrane protein PTK7. Aptamer molecules are conjugated to multiple sites on a DNA dendrimer (G-sgc8), which is then linked to AAV2 via a dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate) cross-linker containing a disulfide group, which can facilitate the release of AAV2 vectors by reaction with the reduced form of intracellular glutathione. The G-sgc8-AAV2 vectors showed a 21-fold enhancement in binding affinity and an enhanced ability to protect sgc8 aptamers against nuclease degradation to cells expressing PTK7 compared to single aptamer-AAV2 conjugates. The transduction efficiency was tested by loading AAV2 with the gene for green fluorescent protein. Therefore, this modified recombinant vector is an attractive and promising tool for targeted biomedical applications.

In order to improve the modelling efficiency in dynamic system prediction, this paper proposes a predictive model based on high-order normal differential equations to model high-order differential data to obtain an explicit model. The high-order constant differential equation model is reduced, and the numerical method is used to solve the predictive value. The results show that the method realises the synchronisation of model establishment and parameter optimisation, and greatly enhances the modelling efficiency.

Objective To summarize the key points of the operation related to the facial nerve function after surgery of paraganglioma involving the jugular foramen in the lateral skull base. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with lateral skull base paraganglioma involving jugular foramen that were diagnosed and treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from August 2015 to January 2021. According to the relationship between the tumor and the facial nerve, the facial nerve was treated in different ways during the operation. The postoperative facial nerve function of patients with different treatments is summarized. Results A total of 30 patients with lateral skull base paraganglioma in the jugular foramen area were included. The Fisch classification of these patients was as followed: C1(n=3), C2(n=6), C2De1(n=2), C2Di1(n=2), C3De1(n=7), C3Di1(n=5), C3Di2(n=3), C4De1(n=1), C4Di1(n=1). Preoperative facial nerve function assessed by House-Brackmann (HB) grade: grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ (n=22), grade Ⅲ (n=2), grade Ⅳ (n=3), grade Ⅴ(n=2), grade Ⅵ(n=1). All tumors were completely resected, which was verified by post-operational MRI. No recurrence was observed during the medium follow-up of 886 days. All of the postoperative nerve function refers to the results of the last follow-up. Anterior facial nerve rerouting was performed in 15 cases whose tumor did not invade the facial nerve. The postoperative facial nerve function was HB grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ in 13 cases and HB grade Ⅲ in 2 cases. The tumors were adhesive to the facial nerve in 2 cases. The tumors and the facial nerve were successfully separated in both cases; one achieved HB grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, while the other was HB grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ postoperatively. In 13 cases, the tumor wrapped the facial nerve. Among those patients, the tumor was separated from the facial nerve in 1 case, with the postoperative facial nerve function of HB grade Ⅲ. In the remaining 12 cases, the facial nerve was resected together with the tumor. Facial nerve reconstruction was performed in 3 cases in the same or the second surgery. The postoperative facial nerve function was HB gradeⅠ-Ⅱ in 1 case and HB grade Ⅲ in the other 2 cases. The postoperative facial nerve function in the remaining 9 cases that did not receive facial nerve reconstruction was HB grade Ⅵ. Conclusions In patients with lateral skull base paraganglioma, anterior facial nerve rerouting has a slight effect on the function of facial nerve, if the tumor does not invade the facial nerve. It is difficult to separate the tumor and the facial nerve, if the facial nerve is wrapped by the tumor, and the rate of postoperative facial nerve paralysis is higher in these cases.

Exosomes constitute an emerging biomarker for cancer diagnosis because they carry multiple proteins that reflect the origins of parent cells. Assessing exosome surface proteins provides a powerful means of identifying a combination of biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. We report a sensor platform that profiles exosome surface proteins in minutes by the naked eye. The sensor consists of a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) complexed with a panel of aptamers. The complexation of aptamers with AuNPs protects the nanoparticles from aggregating in a high-salt solution. In the presence of exosomes, the non-specific and weaker binding between aptamers and the AuNP is broken, and the specific and stronger binding between exosome surface protein and the aptamer displaces aptamers from the AuNP surface and results in AuNP aggregation. This aggregation results in a color change and generates patterns for the identification of multiple proteins on the exosome surface.

Bioconjugation based on crosslinking primary amines to carboxylic acid groups has found broad applications in protein modification, drug development, and nanomaterial functionalization. However, proteins, which are made up of amino acids, typically give nonselective bioconjugation when using primary amine-based crosslinking. In order to control protein orientation and activity after conjugation, selective bioconjugation is desirable. We herein report an efficient and cysteine-selective thiol-ene click reaction-based bioconjugation strategy using colloidal nanoparticles. The resulting thiol-ene based aptamer and enzyme nanoconjugates demonstrated excellent target binding ability and enzymatic activity, respectively. Thus, thiol-ene click chemistry can provide a stable and robust crosslinker in a biocompatible manner for bioconjugation of any thiol-containing biomolecule with nanomaterials. This will open more opportunities for applications of thiol-ene reactions and functional colloidal nanoparticles in chemical biology.