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We describe a colorimetric and fluorescent probe 3a to detect cellular peroxynitrite with high selectivity and sensitivity. 3a was successfully applied in the bioimaging of exogenous and endogenous peroxynitrite in living cells. The up-regulation of peroxynitrite in cancer cells and normal cells during 5-fluorouracil treatment was finally monitored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mercury (Hg) is considered an extremely toxic heavy metal which is extremely harmful to both the human body and environment. In addition, Hg 2+ -induced oxidative stress also exerts a crucial role to play in pathophysiological mechanisms of mercury toxicity. Thus, efficient and specific fluorescent probes for imaging Hg 2+ -induced oxidative stress are necessary. In the present study, we rationally design a novel Hg 2+ -activated and ICT-based NIR emission fluorescent probe NIR-HO for sequentially monitoring the ONOO - level with a "dual-key-and-lock" strategy. The probe NIR-HO showed rapid response and excellent specificity and sensitivity for the detection of Hg 2+ and ONOO - in vitro. Cell imaging demonstrated that Hg 2+ -induced oxidative stress was involved in ONOO - upregulation. Also, GSH, NAC, and EDTA were employed as excellent detoxifying drugs against Hg 2+ -induced toxicity. Moreover, the probe NIR-HO was successfully used for imaging Hg 2+ and ONOO - in vivo. In brief, NIR-HO provides a simple and powerful approach which can be used to image Hg 2+ -induced oxidative stress in the pathological environment.