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AIM: To prepare a nanodrug MMC-ATS-@PLGA using polylactic acid hydroxyacetic acid copolymer(PLGA)as a carrier and mitomycin C(MMC)loaded on PLGA, and to analyse the biological safety and treatment effect of this nanodrug on inhibiting the proliferation of filtering bleb scarring after glaucoma surgery in vivo.METHODS: The thin-film dispersion hydration ultrasonic method was used to prepare the MMC-ATS-@PLGA, and its physical and chemical properties were detected. The effect of MMC-ATS@PLGA on rabbit corneas was analysed through corneal fluorescence staining and HE staining, and tear film rupture time(BUT), Schirmer test and intraocular pressure data were collected to analyse ocular surface biosafety. A slit lamp was used to observe and calculate the filtration bubble size, and the tissue morphological changes were analysed by conjunctival HE staining. In addition, immunohistochemistry and Elisa were used to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of Flumiolone Eye Drops(FML), MMC, and MMC-ATS-@PLGA nanoparticles on inhibiting the formation of filtering bleb scarring after glaucoma surgery from multiple perspectives via comparative proteomic analysis.RESULTS: The average particle size and zeta potential of MMC-ATS-@PLGA were 128.78±2.54 nm and 36.49±4.25 mV, respectively, with an encapsulation efficiency and a drug loading rate of(78.49±2.75)% and(30.86±1.84)%, respectively. At 33°C(the ocular surface temperature), the cumulative release rate of the MMC-ATS-@PLGA nanoparticles reached(76.58±2.68)% after 600 min. Moreover, corneal fluorescence staining, HE, BUT, Schirmer, and intraocular pressure results showed that MMC-ATS-@PLGA had good biocompatibility with the ocular surface of rabbits. At 3 wk after surgery, the area of filtering blebs in the MMC-ATS-@PLGA group was significantly larger than that in the FML group and MMC group, and the filtering blebs in the control group had basically disappeared. Pathological tissue analysis of the conjunctiva in the filtering blebs area of the eyes of the rabbits revealed that compared with that in the normal group, the morphology of the collagen fibres in the MMC-ATS-@PLGA group was relatively regular, the fibres were arranged neatly, and the tissue morphology was similar to that of the normal group. Immunohistochemistry and Elisa confirmed that compared with those in the normal group, the expression levels of α-SMA, CTGF, and type Ⅲ collagen fibre antibodies were significantly increased in the control group. After FML, MMC, or MMC-ATS-@PLGA treatment for 3 wk, the expression of inflammatory factors gradually decreased. Among the groups, the MMC-ATS-@PLGA group showed the most significant decrease(P

Autophagy dysregulation and Ca 2+-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in trophoblast cells are proposed to contribute to preeclampsia (PE) development. FAM134B is identified as a receptor associated with endoplasmic reticulum autophagy (ER-phagy). In this study, the placentas of normal pregnant women and PE patients are collected and analyzed by immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time PCR, and western blot analysis. The effects of ER-phagy are investigated in HTR8/SVneo cells. Significantly increased levels of FAM134B, inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1 (IP3R), calnexin, cleaved caspase 3 and cytochrome C are detected in the PE placenta and sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-treated HTR-8/SVneo cells. Overexpression of FAM134B in HTR-8/SVneo cells results in increased apoptosis, impaired invasion capacity, and diminished mitochondrial function, while an autophagy inhibitor improves mitochondrial performance. Excessive ER-phagy is also associated with an increased concentration of gamma linolenic acid. Our findings suggest that FAM134B contributes to trophoblast apoptosis by mediating ER-mitochondria Ca 2+ transfer through mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) and subsequent mitochondrial function, further enhancing our understanding of PE etiology.

Objective To investigate the effect of dihydroartemisinin (DHC) on the proliferation capacity of human oral squamous carcinoma cells and its mechanism of action. Methods The viability and colony formation ability of CAL27 cells treated with different concentrations of dihydroartemisinin was measured by CCK-8 and colony formation assay. The expression of proteins related to proliferation and autophagy was determined by Western blot. Potential targets for DHA inhibition of the biological behavior of oral cancer were screened based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics. Measurement was conducted after the cells were cotreated with autophagy blocker 3-methyladenine and autophagy inducers rapamycin and dihydroartemisinin. Results Dihydroartemisinin significantly reduced the proliferation viability and clone formation ability of CAL27 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The PCNA expression level also decreased substantially. DHA suppressed oral cancer targets involving autophagy-related pathways. DHA intervention increased the expression of intracellular autophagy-related proteins Beclin-1 and LC3. After co-treatment of DHA combined with autophagy blocker, the proliferation viability and clone formation ability of CAL27 cells decreased. The expression of PCNA increased, and the expression of Beclin-1 and LC3 decreased. Conclusion Dihydroartemisinin could inhibit the proliferative capacity of oral squamous carcinoma cells in vitro, and its effect may be correlated with the induction of autophagy.

The seed oil of Xanthoceras sorbifolium is a new kind of vegetable oil which is beneficial to the body. However, during the ripening process, if not picked properly, resulting in seed waste and economic loss. Therefore, selecting the right picking time is of great significance for improving seed yield, reducing waste of labor and capital costs, and improving economic benefits. It is very challenging to achieve real-time and accurate classification of the images in the ripening stage of Xanthoceras sorbifolium with similar color, different shapes and serious background interference. So as to extract effective fruit features and improve the classification efficiency, a broad learning image classification method based on feature excitation (BL-SENet) was proposed in this paper. Firstly, a broad learning system (BLS) was constructed to extract the fruit features based on node activation function for the input layer. Secondly, feature excitation is carried out based on SENet, and the learning weights of features extracted based on broad learning mechanism are re-calibrated to improve the accuracy of network classification. Finally, based on the feature calibration, image classification is carried out by taking full advantage of the fast broad learning system. It is tested through experiments, the training accuracy of the proposed method is 100%, and the test accuracy is more than 80%, and it is the fastest among the comparison methods (except BLS). In order to promote the development of intelligent agriculture and realize intelligent mechanical picking, it provides effective visual information.

The biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles by plants, bacteria, and cells has been receiving considerable attention in recent years. The traditional synthesis of metal nanoparticles always needed high temperatures, high pressure, and toxic agents. However, the biosynthesis process (including bioreduction and biomineralization) is simpler, safe, economical, and green. The process of biosynthesis can insulate toxic agents, streamline flux, increase the transition efficiency of interactants, and improve the product yield. The biosynthesized metal nanoparticles share similar characteristics with traditional ones, serving as photosensors to achieve light-to-heat/energy transduction, or a drug delivery system. The biosynthetic metal nanoparticles thus could be widely applied in the medical field for disease diagnosis and treatment. It contributed a novel modality for the facile and green synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Increasing studies have been exploring the mechanism for the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles, devoted to a controllable biosynthesis process. Combined with our previous studies on the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles with green tea, tumor cells, and cell components, we reviewed the green methods of bioreduction and biomineralization of metal nanoparticles including the internal mechanism, aimed to make a comprehensive introduction to the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles and relevant biomedical applications, and inspired further research.

BackgroundMental health disorders in patients with multi-drug or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) receive consistent attention. Anxiety and depression can manifest and may impact disease progression in patients with MDR/RR-TB. Given the heightened stressors resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, this scenario is even more concerning.ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with anxiety and depression among patients with MDR/RR-TB in southern China.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was undertaken at Guangzhou Chest Hospital in southern China, encompassing a cohort of 219 patients undergoing outpatient and inpatient treatment for MDR/RR-TB. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using the 7-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The ramifications of anxiety and depression were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, with odds ratios (ORs) and age- and sex-adjusted ORs (AORs) employed to quantify their influence. All data underwent statistical analysis using SPSS 25.0, with statistical significance established at P < 0.05.ResultsTwo hundred and nineteen individuals with MDR/RR-TB were included in the study. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 57.53% (n = 126) and 65.75% (n = 144), respectively, with 33.3% (n = 73) of the participants experiencing both conditions simultaneously. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that an age of 20–40 years [anxiety AOR = 3.021, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.240–7.360; depression AOR = 3.538, 95% CI: 1.219–10.268], disease stigma (anxiety AOR = 10.613, 95% CI: 2.966–37.975; depression AOR = 4.514, 95% CI: 2.051–10.108) and poor physical health (anxiety AOR = 7.636, 95% CI: 2.938–19.844; depression AOR = 6.190, 95% CI: 2.468–15.529) were significant risk factors for moderate levels of anxiety and depression.ConclusionsWe found that individuals with MDR/RR-TB had an elevated risk of anxiety and depression. To decrease the likelihood of unfavorable treatment outcomes, it is imperative to carefully monitor the psychological wellbeing of patients with MDR/RR-TB and promptly address any detrimental psychiatric conditions.

Direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) is an emerging in-situ ionization mass spectrometry analysis technology in recent years. DART is a non-contact surface desorption ionization technique, which is based on the principle of using helium or nitrogen as the working gas and generating excited high-energy particles by electric discharge. The excited state particles are accelerated by rapid heating and electric force, which instantly ionize the volatile compounds on the surface of the sample to be measured under atmospheric pressure, and then detected by mass spectrometry, thus achieving real-time direct analysis of the sample. DART-MS has the characteristics of simple sample preparation, quick and in-situ analysis. Since DART-MS was reported in 2005, it has become one of the most broadly used direct analysis methods and is extensively applied for the direct analysis of the quality, safety, origin and characteristics of food samples. Besides, it has been widely used in biomedicine, environmental monitoring, public safety, and drug analysis as well. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been used for thousands of years in China, which gradually move towards to the world arena. The composition of TCM is very complicated, often containing many different chemical components of different types and properties, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, etc. Therefore, the analysis of the chemical basis of the efficacy and quality evaluation of TCMs are very crucial. In recent years, the development of DART-MS technology has provided many new opportunities for direct and rapid analysis of active ingredients in TCMs. The review was focused on the applications of DART-MS in TCMs, which covered the principle, characteristics, influencing factors and technological progress of DART-MS technology, and systematically summarized the research and application of this technology in TCMs, including qualitative and quantitative analysis. In addition, this review briefly introduced the progress of the application of DART-MS in combination with other techniques, such as thin-layer chromatography, imaging mass spectrometry and solid-phase microextraction in the profiling of TCMs, and provided further perspectives on its application development.

Nano-silver (Ag) with ultra-small particle sizes have strong antibacterial activity because it can pass through the bacterial cell wall and enter the internal environment, causing irreversible damage to bacteria, but the disadvantages such as easy agglomeration and high toxicity alone limit its application. Therefore, In this study, by loading ∼ 3 nm ultrasmall particle sizes Ag (QDs) on the Fe3O4/Cu/CuO (FC) surface, core–shell type Fe3O4/Cu/CuO@Ag nanocomposite (FAN) was created. We used commercially available Bordeaux liquid (BM) as a control and targeted Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) to investigate the antibacterial activity of the material and its antibacterial mechanism. To examine the biocompatibility of materials with human cells and their effect on plant growth, the model plant employs mung bean as its objectives. The results showed that FAN can effectively inhibit E. coli and S. aureus for up to 99.99 % within 20 min, which is ten times greater than BM. It had a delaying effect on the adaptation period and logarithmic phase of bacterial growth, and could effectively destroy bacterial cell walls and respiratory enzymes. According to biocompatibility studies, FAN has little effect on lactation cells and can promote mung bean germination, root growth, and chlorophyll content with twice the efficiency of BM. This research opens the door to inhibition agents for bacterial control in applications.

Virtual simulation technology is used to construct a teaching model for kindergarten ring creation based on this paper. Virtual simulation technology uses the classical K-Means clustering algorithm to confirm information on kindergarten teaching resources. Using a particle swarm optimization algorithm, weights are calculated for kindergarten and preschool education resource categories to determine the similarity of usage frequency. To improve the efficiency of preschool education resources scheduling, to verify the feasibility of the teaching model, the results show that the mean value of student-teacher interaction with virtual simulation technology is 2.180, and the highest mean value of student-teacher interaction is 2.220. It proves that the teaching model constructed using virtual reality technology can effectively improve the quality of teaching conducted in early childhood circumvention practices.

Building a scenic satisfaction evaluation system is an important initiative to improve the quality of tourism management. In this paper, an improved ontology modeling method is used to construct the ontology of the tourism domain, and operations such as denoising and de-duplication are used to process the ontology data while a data dictionary of entities is established. Oriented to tourism-named entities, the identification of entities is completed based on a directed graph model, and the evaluation index system of scenic spot satisfaction is constructed accordingly. For the research sample of the ancient village scenic spot, the importance of indicators F3, F5, F8, and F15 are 3.68, 4.20, 4.18, and 4.32, respectively, and the performance is 3.75, 4.06, 4.13, and 4.18, respectively. The satisfaction evaluation index established based on cognitive mapping reflects the validity.

Under the background of building cyberpower, an inherently secure autonomous computing system, i.e., PKS system, comes into being. To promote the continuous upgrades of PKS system, it is necessary to build up the innovation research team. This paper studies the construction of innovation research team in CEC Joint Innovation Research Institute. To tackle with the current challenges of talent work, this paper proposes the guiding ideology and basic principles, four innovative solutions and the corresponding safeguards based on the institute′s 14th Five-Year Plan, which are instructive for its talent work in the 14th Five-Year Plan period.

ObjectiveTo compare and evaluate the improvement degree of spermatogenic dysfunction mice at different recovery periods after cyclophosphamide modeling.MethodsForty-eight male ICR mice aged 4-5 weeks with the body weight of approximately 18-20 g were randomly divided into three control groups and three model groups, with 8 mice in each group. Each mouse of three model groups was intraperitoneally injected with 60 mg/kg cyclophosphamide continuously from the 1st to 7th day of the experiment, while each mouse of three control groups was intraperitoneally injected with the corresponding volume of normal saline. Then these mice were continued to be fed for another 7, 14 and 21 days after cyclophosphamide injection, respectively. A corresponding control group was set for each model group. The mice in each group were sacrificed after blood collection through orbital veins at corresponding time points. Testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle were taken and weighed, and their reproductive organ indexes were calculated. Histopathological changes of testis and epididymis were compared after HE staining.Sperm quality analysis was used to determine sperm-related indexes. Serum reproductive hormone content, testicular oxidative stress level and testicular signature enzyme activity were detected by ELISA and related kits.Results Compared with the control group, on the 7th, 14th and 21st day after cyclophosphamide treatment, the testicular index of mice in the model group decreased significantly (P

Objective: Improve the sorting effect of single-piece ham package. Methods: Combined with automatic control, machine vision and other technologies, a sorting system capable of identifying single-chip ham defects was designed based on a Delta parallel robot. The kinematics and dynamics model of 2-DOF Delta parallel robot was established, and then the Delta parallel robot was optimized. The composition of control system and the algorithm of image processing were designed. Results: The system can successfully identify impurities and creases, with the recognition rate of up to 95%. It can also accurately and efficiently sort single-piece ham package, with the sorting success rate of more than 98%, and the sorting efficiency of more than 160 packets per minute. Conclusion： The sorting system can realize continuous operation of identification, grasping, handling, sorting and eliminating.

ObjectiveTo unmask the psychological gaps related to suicide ideation in the elderly based on Social Reference Theory， so as to put forward countermeasures for psychological crisis intervention and management.MethodsFrom 2018 to 2019， purposive sampling was adopted to select 19 elderly people with history of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt from 37 geriatric nursing institutions in Ji'nan， Shandong province. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the elderly， and the collected data were processed by Colaizzi seven-step analysis method.ResultsThe qualitative analysis showed that the elderly with suicidal ideation often experienced strong psychological gaps， including physical condition and function gap， family role gap， socially isolated and lonely gap， filial expectation gap and the gap between the real self and ideal self.ConclusionThe psychological gaps serve as the main psychological motivator for suicidal ideation in the elderly， therefore， reducing the psychological gaps can be a new approach for the suicide intervention among the elderly.

Abstract Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid pathogens in elderly patients with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods This was a retrospective observational epidemiological study using that elderly cases diagnosed with community‐acquired pneumonia receiving treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Technology, Tangshan Hongci Hospital and Tangshan Fengnan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. A total of 92 cases were divided into two groups according to age. There were 44 patients over 75‐year‐old and 48 patients between 65 and 74‐year‐old. Results Compared with the elderly 65 to 74‐year‐old, the elderly over 75‐year‐old with diabetes are more likely to suffer from CAP (35.42% vs. 63.64%, p = 0.007) and are more likely to have mixed infections (6.25% vs. 22.73%, p = 0.023) or larger lesions (45.83% vs. 68.18%, p = 0.031). Their hospital stays will also be extended (39.58% vs. 63.64%, p = 0.020), and the albumin level (37.51 ± 8.92 vs. 30.93 ± 6.58, p = 0.000), the neutrophils level (9.09(6.26–10.63) vs. 7.18(5.35–9.17),p = 0.026) is significantly lower and the d‐dimer (505.42 ± 197.12 vs. 611.82 ± 195.85, p = 0.011), PCT (0.08 ± 0.04 vs. 0.12 ± 0.07, p = 0.001) levels are significantly higher. Conclusion The clinical symptoms and signs of elderly CAP patients are not so typical, and the infection is more serious. Attention should therefore be paid to elderly patients. Hypoalbuminemia and high d‐dimer can predict the prognosis of patients.

Abstract Drug-resistance is a major problem preventing a cure in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Previously, we demonstrated that activated-leukocyte-cell-adhesion-molecule (ALCAM) is a prognostic factor in MM and inhibits EGF/EGFR-initiated MM clonogenicity. In this study, we further showed that the ALCAM-EGF/EGFR axis regulated the MM side population (SP)-mediated drug-resistance. ALCAM-knockdown MM cells displayed an enhanced ratio of SP cells in the presence of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) or with the supplement of recombinant EGF. SP MM cells were resistant to chemotherapeutics melphalan or bortezomib. Drug treatment stimulated SP-genesis. Mechanistically, EGFR, primed with EGF, activated the hedgehog pathway and promoted the SP ratio; meanwhile, ALCAM inhibited EGFR downstream pro-MM cell signaling. Further, SP MM cells exhibited an increased number of mitochondria compared to the main population. Interference of the mitochondria function strongly inhibited SP-genesis. Animal studies showed that combination therapy with both an anti-MM agent and EGFR inhibitor gefitinib achieved prolonged MM-bearing mice survival. Hence, our work identifies ALCAM as a novel negative regulator of MM drug-resistance, and EGFR inhibitors may be used to improve MM therapeutic efficacy.

The polarization switching properties of P(VDF-TrFE) ultrathin films with different storage periods were measured. The dependence of polarization properties on temperature and storage period was investigated. The experimental results suggest that the relative remanent polarization (Pr/Pr0) remains on a relatively high level of 0.70 at 60℃, 106 polarzation swiching test, even to the ultrathin film capacitors stored in atmosphere for five months. The time stability model of polarization switching is predicted by the evolution of polarization switching with the number of electric field cycles. Moreover, when the changes of the molecular chain are simulated by different storage periods and testing temperatures, an inhibited hydrogen fluoride (HF) gas formation scheme in the capacitors was proposed. This work further validated the time stability model and microscopic dynamics associated with trapped charge. These results provide an effective method for designing an optimum protocol for flexible electronic devices based on P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer ultrathin films.

Objective To investigate the effect of narrative nursing for patients undergoing intravesical chemotherapy for carcinoma of the bladder. Methods Totally 260 patients undergoing intravesical chemotherapy for carcinoma of the bladder were divided into control and study group. All patients received routine care during the perioperative period, and those in the study group were given narrative nursing. The mental status, quality of life and incidence of bladder irritation were compared between two groups. Results The scores of Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAMD) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety(HAMA) decreased in both two group after intervention, and scores of HAMD and HAMA in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0. 05). The subscale score and total score of quality of life assessment in the study group were higher than those in the control group after nursing intervention(P＜0. 05). The incidence of bladder irritation was 3. 08%(4/130) in the study group, which was lower than 15. 38%(20/130) in the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Narrative care during intravesical chemotherapy can effectively improve the patient mental status and quality of life, reduce the incidence of bladder irritation, and enhance the effect of chemotherapy. (目的 探讨叙事护理在膀胱癌局部灌注化疗患者中的应用效果。方法 260例行局部灌注化疗的膀胱癌患者随机分为对照组与研究组, 各130例。对照组给予常规护理干预, 研究组在对照组基础上实施叙述护理干预。评估2组干预前后心理状况, 比较2组干预后生活质量, 记录2组膀胱刺激症发生情况。结果 干预后, 2组汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分均较干预前降低, 且研究组评分低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。研究组生活质量调查量表各维度评分及总评分均高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。研究组膀胱刺激症发生率3. 08%(4/130), 低于对照组的15. 38%(20/130), 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 膀胱癌局部灌注化疗患者化疗干预期间接受叙事护理, 可有效缓解不良情绪, 提高生存质量, 降低膀胱刺激症发生风险。)

Objective To investigate the regulative role of chromogranin A derived polypeptide CGA47-66 (chromofungin, CHR) on autophagy flux and determine its effect on inflammatory injury in the lung tissue of septic mice. Methods C57BL/6 mice were inflicted by intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide to establish a mouse septic model of acute lung injury. To determine the effect of CHR on autophagy, the mice were pretreated with CHR and autophagy inducer rapamycin (Rapa) respectively in 30 min before LPS administration. The pathological changes of lung tissue in mice were observed, contents of inflammatory factors in alveolar lavage were measured, expression of autophagy-related markers LC3, P62 and Agt7 in lung tissues were determined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay, and formation of autophagosomes was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Results Compare with the LPS group, CHR pretreatment significantly attenuated LPS-induced lung pathological damages, and inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and enhanced the expression of anti-inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice (P < 0.05). The results of Western blotting and immunofluorescence assay showed that the expression of autophagy marker proteins were up-regulated and the expression of autophagy substrate protein was down-regulated in the lung tissues after CHR pretreatmnet (P < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy displayed autophagosomes and autophagosolysosomes were formed in the CHR pretreatment group. The changes of autophagy flux, inflammatory mediators and lung pathology were consistent with the results in the Rapa group. Conclusion CHR may attenuate the inflammatory response by regulating the increase of autophagy flux in lung tissue after LPS stimulation and play a protective role in the lung of septic mice.

The main geological landform in southwest China is karst, and hydrological resources in the region are rich. The water resources in this region cannot be efficiently and rationally used due to the complex topography and difficulty in developing water resources, which has led to problems such as desertification and soil erosion. The most typical area of karst landforms is in Guizhou Province. A water management method for an interconnected river system network is proposed, taking Guiyang as an example. This study provides a foundation for China’s South-to-North Water Diversion Project and can improve socioeconomic conditions in China.

Large amount of data are exchanged and the internet is turning into twenty-first century Silk Road for data. Machine learning (ML) is the new area for the applications. The artificial intelligence (AI) is the field providing machines with intelligence. In the last decades, more developments have been made in the field of ML and deep learning. The technology and other advanced algorithms are implemented into more computational constrained devices. The online English test system based on ML breaks the shackles of the traditional paper English test and improves the efficiency of the English test. At the same time, it also maintains the fairness of English test and improves the marking speed. In order to realize an online English test system based on ML and facilitate the assessment of students’ college English courses, this paper mainly adopts relevant research and design on the main functional modules, key technologies, and functional realization of the online English test. The brand-new powerful teaching software and the online examination system can help schools to conduct more systematic and scientific management. The conclusion shows that as brand-new and powerful teaching software, the online examination system can help schools to conduct more systematic and scientific management.

Restoration of submerged macrophytes is one of the important measures for ecological treatment of eutrophic lakes. The changes in physical and chemical conditions caused by submerged macrophytes also affect the process of benthic nitrogen cycling. The growth period of Potamogeton crispus is mainly in winter. In order to understand the effect of submerged macrophytes growing in winter on nitrification rate and denitrification rate in the process of nitrogen cycling, experiments were carried out from winter to summer with vegetated and non-vegetated treatments. The results showed that the effect of submerged macrophytes on water temperature was not significant in winter. The nitrogen cycling was mainly affected by variables, which were inorganic nitrogen and dissolved oxygen. Submerged macrophytes had little effect on nitrification rate, but had a certain inhibition on denitrification rate by providing oxygen from photosynthesis. In total, submerged macrophytes growing in winter have little effect on nitrogen cycling in sediment. However, submerged macrophytes growing in winter can increase the attachment surface of microbes and inhibit resuspension of sediment, which play a complementary role to submerged macrophytes growing in summer for maintaining stability of eutrophic lakes. HIGHLIGHTS In the situation of winter, intensity of nitrogen cycling in sediment is mainly affected by environmental variables, like inorganic nitrogen and DO.; Environmental variables affected by submerged macrophytes growing in winter showed similar attributes with those growing in summer.; Temperature had strong effect on nitrogen cycling, as different seasons had different rates of denitrification and nitrification.;

Objective To investigate the effect of pure oxygen ventilation under normothermia for different durations on the neurological outcome inarat model of asphyxia cardiac arrest. Methods Atotal of 32 male SD rats were treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation 6 min after cardiac arrest induced by asphyxia. After return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), the rats were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the duration of ventilation of pure oxygen (8 in each group), that is, 0 min group (O2-0 min), 20 min group (O2-20 min), 60 min group (O2-60 min) and 180 min group (O2-180 min). Physiological parameters, continuous electroencephalography (EEG) waveforms, and EEG power of each band during post-resuscitation were recorded and compared among the groups. The serum contents of cardiac troponinT(cTnT) and S100 β protein were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at the basic state and 6hafter resuscitation. The neurological deficit score (NDS), 96-hour survival rate and histological changes of hippocampus were compared in the groups. Results After resuscitation, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was decreased significantly, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was decreased first and then increased in the 4 groups. The 2 indicators were significantly higher in the O2-180 min group than the O2-0 min group (P < 0.05). With the increase of oxygen ventilation, shorter EEG recovery time and gradually stronger EEG power spectrum energy were observed in all the groups. The O2-180 min group had significantly shorter time and stronger energy than the O2-0 min group (P < 0.05). At 6hafter resuscitation, cerebral and myocardial injuries were obviously milder in the O2-180 min group than the O2-0 min group (S100β, P < 0.01; cTnT, P < 0.05). NDS, survival rate and hippocampal injury were significantly improved in the O2-180 min group when compared with the O2-0 min group. Conclusions In this rat model of asphyxia cardiac arrest, prolonged pure oxygen inhalation under normothermia can alleviate cerebral injury, improve neurological outcome and increase the survival rate.

Objective To compare the analgesic effect and safety of bilateral inferior alveolar nerve block combined with parecoxib sodium analgesia and simple intravenous analgesia pump in analgesia after orthognathic surgery.Methods Forty patients with simple ascending sagittal split osteotomy and ankle plasty were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group, with 20 patients in each group. The experimental group received 2 mL 1% ropivacaine by inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia on both sides. Immediately after surgery, parecoxib sodium 40 mg was intravenously administered. The control group was given an intravenous analgesia pump for analgesia. Pain intensity (VAS pain score) and Ramsay sedation score were recorded at 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, 48 h after operation, and the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions was observed.Results There was no significant difference in pain intensity and Ramsay sedation score between the two groups at each time point (P>0.05). During the analgesic treatment, the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide materials have attracted much attention in recent years due to their excellent electro-optical properties. FeS2, the ideal composition of iron pyrite, is a 2D transition metal dichalcogenide which has been potentially used in the electronic, optical, and chemical fields. On the other hand, the narrow band gap of FeS2 (≈0.96 eV) makes it very suitable and promising for the ultrafast application in near-infrared regimes. However, the potential application of FeS2 in laser technology has not been explored till now. Ultrashort pulse lasers have great applications in industry and science because of its stability, ease of operation, and portability. Passively mode-locked fiber lasers using 2D materials (such as MoS2, CuS2, and WS2) as saturable absorber are intensively investigated. Here, layered FeS2 has been characterized systematically. It is successfully applied in ultrafast photonics and plays a key component in the passively mode-locked laser for the first time. The single pulse can be obtained with 1.7-ps pulse duration, 1.89-nm spectral width, and fundamental repetition of 6.4 MHz at 1563 nm central wavelength. Through controlling the pump power, the evolution of the pulse train can be observed, which can be transformed from single pulse to bound states. Also, the harmonic mode-locked fiber laser is observed with the pump power high enough.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of chromogranin (CGA)-derived polypeptide bCAT combined with caspofungin (CAS) on hypha and mature biofilm in Candida albicans (C. albicans). Methods Standard strain ATCC 10231 of C. albicans was employed as the study objective. The changes of biofilm metabolic activity after bCAT and CAS treatment alone or combined together (RPMI1640 as control group) were detected by XTT assay, and the results were calculated for the minimal biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC50). The expression of agglutinin-like sequence 3 (ALS3) was detected by RT-PCR, and the production of reactive oxygen content (ROS) was observed by DCFH-DA. SYTO9/PI staining was used to detect the fungal membrane permeability. Results The MBIC50 after bCAT and CAS treatment was 3 105 and 128 μg/mL, respectively. And the MBIC50 of bCAT combined with CAS was decreased to 776 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL, respectively. The expression of ALS3 in the bCAT+CAS group was (1.71±0.65)%, which had statistical differences from that of the control, bCAT (776 μg/mL) and CAS (4 μg/mL) groups (P < 0.05). The ROS content was (428.96±47.67)%, with significant difference compared with the control, bCAT (776 μg/mL) and CAS (4 μg/mL) groups (P < 0.05). There were more dead C. albicans in mature biofilm in the bCAT+CAS group, and the fungal hypha were decreased significantly. Conclusion CGA-derived polypeptide bCAT combined with CAS has the synergistic anti-mature biofilm effect, and the mechanism may be associated with decreased expression of ALS3 and inhibition of hypha formation, and oxidative damage caused by increased ROS content.