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Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O presente artigo tem por escopo analisar a relação intrínseca entre a análise económica do direito e seus institutos, a luz do estudo conceitual e extensivo das falhas de mercado. Ademais, visa analisar de que modo a assimetria de informações, integrador das falhas de mercado, pode potencializar a hipervulnerabilidade consumerista, com ênfase, evidentemente, no contexto jurídico. A proposta é uma tentativa de esmiuçar de que modo a análise econômica do direito pode ser relacionada ao âmbito consumerista, e por consequência, sua influência no cotidiano jurídico, traçando-se um paralelo com as falhas de mercado, especificamente no que se refere à assimetria de informações, e uma determinada prática utilizada, denominada neuromarketing. O método utilizado no artigo consiste na leitura de livros direcionados, análise de trabalhos bibliográficos e artigos relacionados ao tema.

The doses of P to be applied in the corn crop are commonly high due to the low use of the nutrient due to its adsorption to the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the phosphate solubilizing bacteria Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis, and the mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus intraradices, as well as the interaction between them, and the possibility of reducing phosphate fertilization in corn. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a 4x3 factorial, with factor A composed of different Psolubilizing microorganisms (mycorrhizae and BiomaPhos®) and factor B composed of different doses of P (100, 75 and 50% of the recommended dose). The reduction of P doses, without the use of inoculants, resulted in lower leaf area and chlorophyll content, but no significant effect was observed on plant height. In the yield components number of grains per cob, thousand grain weight and yield, inoculation compensated for the dose reduction. The application of 50% of the P dose together with the inoculation of bacteria was the treatment with the highest gross margin, being viable for the reduction of mineral fertilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As doses de P a serem aplicadas na cultura do milho comumente são elevadas em decorrência do baixo aproveitamento do nutriente devido a sua adsorção ao solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o uso das bactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato Bacillus megaterium e Bacillus subtilis, e do fungo micorrízico Rhizophagus intraradices, bem como a interação entre eles, e a possibilidade de redução da adubação fosfatada na cultura do milho. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, em um fatorial 4x3, sendo o fator A composto por diferentes microrganismos solubilizadores de P (micorrizas e BiomaPhos®) e o fator B composto por diferentes doses de P (100, 75 e 50% da dose recomendada). A redução das doses de P, sem o uso de inoculantes, resultou em menor área foliar e teor de clorofila, porém não foi observado efeito significativo na altura das plantas. Nos componentes de rendimento número de grãos por espiga, peso de mil grãos e produtividade, a inoculação compensou a redução das doses. A aplicação de 50% da dose de P juntamente com a inoculação das bactérias foi o tratamento com maior margem bruta, sendo viável para a redução da adubação mineral.

O artigo apresenta breve investigação sobre os limites e possibilidades de uma interpretação contratual que se baseie nas premissas construídas pela análise econômica do contrato em um sistema de Civil Law, ressaltando, em um primeiro momento, os sentidos que levam à interpretação e/ou integração do contrato segundo a análise econômica, principalmente a partir da ideia de incompletude contratual, bem como a centralidade e superação do conceito de eficiência para a solução interpretativa. A segunda parte é dedicada à compreensão dos impactos das recentes modificações promovidas no Código Civil, ressaltando as controvérsias existentes acerca de um conceito de "racionalidade econômica" e as possíveis adequações do referido conceito ao sistema civil brasileiro. Palavras-chave: Interpretação Contratual. Análise Econômica. Eficiência. Racionalidade. Civil Law.

Nitrogen (N) is the most required nutrient in the cultivation of corn (Zea mays L.), also representing a significant share in the production costs. The objective was to evaluate the efficiency for one experimental year of different sources of nitrogen fertilizers applied in topdressing on the corn grain yield and their respective fertilization costs. The experiment was carried out under field conditions and without irrigation under no-tillage system, in a Red Oxissol. For sowing, 280 kg ha-1 of NPK fertilizer 12-30-20 was used for all treatments. In addition to the control treatment (NPK), four nitrogen formulations were applied in topdressing: Urea, Super N, Nitromag, and Sulfammo, both formulations applied 50% in the V3/V4 and 50% V7/V8 stages, in four replicates. Grain yield was determined at the physiological maturation. The type of nitrogen fertilizer did not influence corn grain yield, an average of 9016 kg ha-1 . The largest profits were achieved with the application of Super N, Urea and Nitromag. Nitrogen fertilizers with slow and controlled N release does not promote an increase in corn grain yield in relation to Urea. The use of Super N in topdressing has the highest profitability in corn cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

O aumento no consumo de água devido ao crescimento populacional, a agricultura e a industrialização faz com que a produção de esgotos também seja aumentada proporcionalmente. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar e comparar as tecnologias para tratamento de esgotos sanitários, com base nas informações usuais de desempenho, utilizando uma metodologia baseada em estatística comparativa para tal análise. O trabalho propõe também uma avaliação econômica, por meio do Método de Simulação de Monte Carlo. Os seguintes sistemas de tratamento foram estudados: Reator anaeróbio de leito fixo (RALF), Sistemas de filtro biológico percolador de alta taxa (FB), RALF seguido de FB (RF) e Sistemas de lagoas (LAG). Quanto à análise de desempenho, os parâmetros observados nas estações de tratamento foram comparados com os ideais reportados pela literatura, com a legislação estadual e com o desempenho das tecnologias. Esses parâmetros apresentaram desvios; todavia, a maioria das tecnologias obteve desempenho eficaz quanto ao atendimento à legislação, exceto o RALF. Quanto à análise econômica, foi possível constatar que as tecnologias com maior demanda de área e energia são mais caras. De modo geral, o sistema RALF foi o que apresentou piores resultados, ao passo que o sistema de Filtros apresentou resultados mais satisfatórios quanto ao desempenho e à avaliação econômica.

O nitrogênio (N) é o nutriente mais requerido no cultivo do milho (Zea mays L.), ainda representa significativa participação no custo de produção. O objetivo foi avaliar a eficiência de diferentes fontes de fertilizantes nitrogenados aplicados em cobertura na produtividade de grãos de milho e os seus respectivos custos da adubação. O experimento foi realizado em condições de campo e sem irrigação sob sistema plantio direto, em Latossolo vermelho. Na semeadura foi utilizado 280 kg ha-1 de adubo NPK 12-30-20 para todos os tratamentos. Além do tratamento testemunha (NPK), quatro formulações nitrogenadas foram aplicadas em cobertura: Ureia, Super N, Nitromag, e Sulfammo, aplicadas 50% no estádio V3/V4 e 50% V7/V8, em quatro repetições. Na maturação fisiológica foi determinada a produtividade de grãos. O tipo de fertilizante nitrogenado não influenciou na produtividade de grãos de milho, média de 9016 kg ha-1. Os maiores lucros foram com a aplicação de Super N, Ureia e Nitromag. O uso em cobertura de fertilizantes nitrogenados de lenta e controlada liberação de N não promovem aumento na produtividade de grãos de milho em relação a Ureia. O uso de Super N em cobertura apresenta a maior lucratividade no cultivo do milho.

The study of economic viability in rural enterprises becomes essential for strategic business management. With that, the objective of the research was to analyze the economic viability of the creation of Tambatinga fish in ponds excavated in a rural property in Tangará da Serra - MT. The research regarding the objectives is characterized as descriptive, with a qualiquantitative approach and the method used was the case study. The data collection instruments were based on documental research, semi-structured interviews and on-site observation for a period of 10 months. The analysis tools were NPV, IRR and Payback, with a TMA of 3.5% p.a. and the analysis period was 10 years. The results showed that the fish farming activity in a normal situation has a Payback of 0.18 years, that is, less than 1 year recovers from the amount initially invested. The project proved to be viable for presenting a positive NPV of R$ 2,737,173.40 and an IRR of 563.0%, demonstrating that the activity is viable for the rural producer studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Caatinga is the property of Revista Caatinga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Direct economic impacts pertaining to extrajudicial activity are analyzed from the point of view of the Economic Analysis of Law. After an introduction, the first section presents brief considerations on the private activities in notary offices even though delegation occurs by the public authority. The second section deals with the occurrence of Economic Analysis of Law within the context of extrajudicial notary offices with notes on Economic Analysis of Law that promotes an analysis of law science through the application of economics. The third section investigates direct economic impacts hailing from the constitutional, legal and normative system belonging to extrajudicial activities. Further, values represented by the activity and its mandatory overtures are also given, coupled to the economic impacts for notaries and registrars. Through economic analysis, ordering and application to the notary and registrar fields bring forth some direct economic impacts. Bibliographical investigation, especially books, journals, law texts and other publications on the issue, and the deduction method are employed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of economic feasibility in the forest transport segment is essential for companies to support decision-making. The objective of this work was to evaluate the economic return and to simulate a sensitivity scenario using the Monte Carlo technique when incorporating outsourced wood transport activity by the forestry company. The study was carried out in a company in the forestry segment located on the north coast of Bahia, Brazil, which uses a Biminhão (semi-truck with a flatbed trailer) as its base for transport. The costs, revenues and uncertainties involved in the activity were analyzed. The following viability criteria were used: NPV, EAV, IRR, APC, BCR and PayBack period. A sensitivity analysis was performed as a way to support the safety of the evaluated project. The economic evaluation was positive in all analyzed criteria (NPV US$ 129,231.54); VAE (US$18,827.22); (CMP US$ 2.62/m³); B/C (1.08), IRR (75%) and PayBack period (3.55 years). The probability of generating negative NPV results in the conducted simulation was 20.4%, with the main influencing variables being the freight value and the interest rate. Considering the data under study, incorporating wood transport activity with the use of a semi-truck with a flatbed trailer by the forestry company proved to be attractive and did not present a significant economic risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A utilização de fontes nitrogenadas que reduzam perdas de N pode ser uma estratégia de manejo adequada para aumentar a sustentabilidade econômica e ambiental no cultivo do milho. Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de fontes e doses de nitrogênio sobre a produtividade de grãos do milho e a lucratividade da lavoura. O experimento foi conduzido a campo, em dois anos agrícolas, num Nitossolo Vermelho de textura argilosa. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, dispostos em parcelas subdivididas. Na parcela principal foram testadas quatro fontes de N: ureia convencional, ureia protegida, ureia com inibidor de nitrificação e ureia com inibidor de urease. Nas subparcelas foram testadas quatro doses de nitrogênio: 0, 140, 280 e 420 kg de N ha-1. As quatro fontes de fertilizantes nitrogenados não apresentaram diferenças no rendimento de grãos. A produtividade de grãos variou de 3,2 a 15,9 Mg ha-1. Ela apresentou uma resposta quadrática ao aumento da dose, independentemente da fonte de N. As doses teóricas que otimizaram a produtividade de grãos foram de 407 e 411 kg N ha-1 em 2016/2017 e 2017/2018, respectivamente. Os maiores índices de lucratividade foram obtidos pela aplicação das doses de 378 kg de N ha-1 com ureia convencional em 2016/2017 e 278 kg de N ha-1 de ureia com inibidor de uréase em 2017/2018.

In the full-tree system, one of the self-propelled forest machines used is the grapple saw, which uses mechanical force to delimbing and crosscutting stems, commonly in processing yards or on the sides of forest roads. Thus, several factors can influence the machine's effective productivity, and consequently, the production costs. Hence, the objective was to analyze the influence of the slope of the land on the productivity and production costs of the grapple saw under different operational conditions. The study was carried out in a forested area, in which there were clonal forests of Eucalyptus urograndis. The processing felled trees operation was performed with a grapple saw capable of accumulating and cutting the 0.85 m² tree bundles in two operating conditions. For the production forecast, the time study was applied, associating it to the volume of drawn wood and the effective work time, accordingly, it was possible to estimate the production cost of the grapple saw. The results allowed to conclude that the effective hourly productivity and the production cost of the log tracing are associated with the slope of the land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has changed the treatment paradigm of severe aortic stenosis (AS). Nevertheless, in Portugal the penetration rate of TAVR is still very low and there is a paucity of data regarding its economic impact on the Portuguese healthcare system. Aims: To perform an economic analysis of the present and future impact of TAVR in Portugal and to propose health policy recommendations for a new reimbursement model. Methods: Hospital data from a high-volume center were used as a sample to calculate the costs of TAVR in Portugal. Information regarding the national penetration rate was derived from the EAPCI Valve for Life initiative. To estimate the future demand for TAVR, three scenarios (S) were constructed: S1, TAVR penetration according to current guidelines; S2, including intermediate-risk patients; and S3, including low-risk patients aged over 75 years. Results: The total cost of each TAVR procedure in Portugal was 22 134.50 euros for the self-expanding valve (SEV) and 23 321.50 euros for the balloon-expanding valves (BEV). Most of the cost was driven by the price of the valve (SEV 74.5% vs. BEV 81.5%). The current national economic impact is estimated at 12 500 000 euros per year. In S1, the expected penetration rate would be 189 procedures per million population; in S2 we estimated an increase of 28% to 241 procedures per million population and in S3 an increase of 107% to 391 procedures per million population. The total economic impact would increase to 43 770 586 euros in S1 and to 90 754 310 euros in S3. Conclusions: TAVR is associated with a significant present and future economic impact on the Portuguese healthcare system. A new model of reimbursement in Portugal should be discussed and implemented. Resumo: Introdução: A válvula aórtica percutânea (VAP) mudou o paradigma de tratamento da estenose aórtica grave. No entanto, em Portugal, a sua penetração é reduzida e dados acerca do impacto económico no Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS) são escassos. Objetivos: Analisar o impacto económico atual e futuro do implante de VAP em Portugal e propor um modelo de reembolso específico para as VAP. Métodos: Os custos fixos e variáveis do procedimento em Portugal foram calculados com base numa amostra de um centro de elevado volume de VAP. O impacto económico nacional foi calculado com base na penetração atual reportada na iniciativa EAPCI Valve for Life. As necessidades futuras da tecnologia foram estimadas em três cenários (S): S1 - penetração de acordo com as recomendações atuais; S2 - inclusão de doentes de risco intermédio; S3 - expansão aos doentes de baixo risco e idade > 75 anos. Resultados: O custo total da VAP em Portugal foi estimado em 22.134,5€ com prótese autoexpansível (SEV) e 23.321,5€ com prótese expansível por balão (BEV). A maior parte do custo relacionou-se com o preço da prótese (SEV 74,5% versus BEV 81,5%). O impacto económico nacional estima-se em 12.500.000€/ano. No cenário S1, a taxa esperada de penetração deveria ser 189/milhão; em S2 perspetiva-se aumento de +28% para 241 procedimentos/milhão; em S3 estima-se aumento de +107% para 391 procedimentos/milhão. Assim, o impacto económico poderá aumentar significativamente de 43.770.586€ (S1) até 90.754.310€ (S3). Conclusões: A VAP está associada a um impacto económico presente e futuro significativo no SNS. É essencial discutir e implantar um novo modelo específico de reembolso em Portugal.

Considerando que a secagem é uma das principais etapas da lenha quando esta é utilizada para a geração de vapor, este trabalho apresenta uma análise do comportamento da secagem de lenha ao longo de um ano utilizada para alimentar caldeiras de uma empresa localizada no sul do Brasil. O escopo do estudo é o tipo de eucalyptus dunnii, porém se fez um comparativo com o tipo saligna para que fosse possível calcular os ganhos energéticos entre estas duas espécies em relação ao tempo de secagem, assim como um comparativo entre o poder calorífico de ambas as espécies. O trabalho também apresenta uma relação entre pilhas de lenha cobertas com lona e pilhas não cobertas, assim como seus resultados de custo/benefício. Foi possível constatar que a melhor época do ano para realização do corte da lenha, para a região em estudo, é até o final do mês de setembro, pois assim as pilhas terão, no mínimo, cinco meses de exposição aos meses de verão. Constatou-se também que pilhas cobertas conseguem reduzir a umidade para até 20%, e têm seu custo/benefício viável.

Por seu grande potencial poluidor, diferentes estratégias de aproveitamento industrial do soro de leite têm sido adotadas. Entretanto, no Brasil, grande parte do soro de leite ainda não recebe destinação adequada. Nesse cenário, o aproveitamento do soro de leite como base para produção de bebidas carbonatadas representa uma alternativa a ser considerada. Porém, é necessário avaliar a adequação da tecnologia disponível bem como a viabilidade econômica do projeto em diferentes cenários antes de se optar pela sua implantação. Assim, o presente artigo objetivou realizar a modelagem, simulação e análise de cenários econômicos do processo de produção de bebida carbonatada à base de soro de leite fermentado adicionado de extrato de flor de hibisco (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). O processo foi estruturado em quatro seções: preparo do soro fermentado, preparo do xarope de glicose, preparo do extrato de flor de hibisco e elaboração da bebida final. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos para um volume de processamento de soro de 7.000 kg por batelada. O projeto apresentou Taxa Interna de Retorno de 49.77% e Tempo de Retorno de Capital de 10 meses. Tais resultados evidenciam o potencial de uso do soro de leite na elaboração de bebidas carbonatadas

Este artigo busca analisar aspectos relativos ao problema do desenvolvimento econômico na obra tardia de Álvaro Vieira Pinto (1909-1987). Como filósofo, Vieira Pinto tornou-se conhecido por fundamentar filosoficamente o projeto nacional-desenvolvimentista brasileiro; porém, com a publicação recente de suas duas últimas obras, viu-se como buscou abordar mais diretamente temas socioeconômicos, relacionados à tecnologia, à demografia, à ecologia, dentre outros. Busca-se neste artigo contribuir com a literatura sobre a obra do autor, ao analisar e criticar o modo como o autor discutiu tais questões, tema ainda não abordado de forma sistemática pela literatura.

Copyright of Revista Ciência Agronômica is the property of Revista Ciencia Agronomica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The evolution in virulence of Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae has challenged the genetic resistance to crown rust in oat genotypes. New resistance sources are constantly required for yield stabilization and costs reduction. This study aimed to characterize the crown rust resistance of oat genotypes and the disease's productive and economic impact. Experiments were conducted in two environments, with and without chemical control. Resistance was measured by disease progress, apparent rate of infection, final severity and pustule size. Damages were based on reduction of yield, 1000 grain mass and hectoliter mass. UFRGS16Q6030-2 was immune. In both environments, UFRGS166091-2 and URS Brava exhibited the greatest level of resistance and the smallest grain yield reduction, while URS 22 was highly susceptible, reducing more than 70% of its grain yield. These results surpass the negative impacts of the disease previously reported in oats, particularly related to grain yield. The data presented in this paper highlighted the importance of genetic resistance, particularly partial resistance, for maintaining oat genetic yield potential, reducing environmental contamination with less fungicides, and increasing economic gains with oat cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Business Law Journal / Administração de Empresas em Revista is the property of Administracao de Empresas em Revista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O presente artigo busca investigar a aplicação da teoria efficient breach nos contratos de trabalho em decorrência da reforma trabalhista. Por se tratar de contrato de adesão, o empregado encontra-se numa situação de vulnerabilidade em relação ao empregador, podendo sofrer mais prejuízos pelo inadimplemento do contrato que vise a obtenção de vantagens econômicas. Através de uma metodologia exploratória e investigativa, as análises teóricas demonstram técnicas de inadimplementos diretos ou indiretos dos contratos de trabalho que se destinam a maximização das riquezas dos detentores do capital, não levando em conta o desenvolvimento e o progresso humano. A reforma permitiu a supressão de garantias de proteção individual do trabalhador, podendo-se constatar que as falhas normativas motivam os detentores do capital à inadimplência de seus contratos em razão da inexistência de sanções significativas e reparadoras do abuso de direito para restauração do equilíbrio contratual.

Energy consumption has been increasing a lot recently because of the intensive use of energy in manufacturing processes and due to the modern lifestyle in our society. In this context, Brazilian energy sources are pretty diversified and they are mainly composed by renewable energy. A technical and economical assessment of solar, wind and biomass power generation was carried out in this work. With this aim, capital costs and generation capacities for each energy source were taken into account. Specific costs of solar generation resulted in R$0.98/kW∙h, wind power were equal to R$0.12/kW∙h and biomass power, obtained in a cogeneration process with sugarcane bagasse, resulted in R$0.27/kW∙h. These data suggest that renewable energy is quite interesting from an economical point of view.

In general, the technical and agronomic benefits of no-till farming are widely known and well documented in the literature. However, studies focusing on the economics of no-tillage are scarce. In this context, the objective of this study is to determine whether no-till grain production systems that follow the principles of conservation agriculture are economically profitable by analyzing gross margins per hectare per year over six harvests for the agricultural years 1998/1999 to 2003/2004. In addition, a possible link between profitability and different no-till methods in terms of degree of soil turnover, crop rotation, and whether machinery used in agricultural operations is owned or rented is investigated. For this purpose, the multi-case analytical method was applied to thirteen grain producing family farms in Northern Paraná state, Brazil. Based on the results, two ranges of agricultural production variable costs and gross margins were identified. Higher gross margins were associated with longer use of the no-till system, ownership of machinery and equipment, specialization in grains, rotation of the commercial crops used, and higher variable costs. Lower gross margins were associated with outsourcing of sowing, small-scale cropping, and lack of crop rotation. It is concluded that family mechanized no-till systems of grain production in north Paraná are profitable.

Copyright of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics / Jornal Brasileiro de Economia da Saúde is the property of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Potato is the second largest horticultural crop in Portugal. Seed potato is tubers are one of the most important production factors, due to its economic weight and influence on the development and yield. In this work, was evaluated the effect of 4 tuber sizes, with the 0,80mx0,30m row spacing on the development and growth of the cultivar Agria. The economic performance of each treatment was also evaluated. The average emergence rate, soil cover rate, number of stems, number of tubers and biomass distribution, distribution of tuber sizes and effect of treatments on yield were observed and recorded. The highest yield was reached on the B35-50 and B55+ with around 49t/ha. The treatments B28-45 e B28-35, with less seed-potato cost, had higher economic profit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Business Law Journal / Administração de Empresas em Revista is the property of Administracao de Empresas em Revista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics / Jornal Brasileiro de Economia da Saúde is the property of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Administração da UEG is the property of Universidade Estadual de Goias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nativa is the property of Revista Nativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this work was to evaluate the technical and economic cutting age of forest plantations considering the wood market under volumetric and gravimetric measurement units. Volumetric production and wood basic density for Eucalyptus urophylla clones stands were obtained from a forest company in the Jequitinhonha's region, Minas Gerais State, for ages of 3 to 9 years. It was estimated: mass per hectare; technical cutting age (TCA) for volume and mass; and economic viability at different interest rates. Data was divided by three clones, being the denser (C), passing through (B) median density, and less denser (A). The results showed that in alternating volumetric for gravimetric unit, the TCA occurs at least one year later. For the economic analysis, the results demonstrated that projects for wood commercialization by gravimetric measurement are economically viable when using high-density clones, due to the higher amount of mass per volume. For clones with low density and high volumetric productivity, the analysis must be done from a volumetric point of view, as the economic results were 23% higher than in the mass analysis. It was concluded that the adoption of the gravimetric unit of measure in the forest sector tends to cause significant changes in project management, improving wood characteristics for energy by postponing the cutting age and making more sensible the genetic material selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics / Jornal Brasileiro de Economia da Saúde is the property of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this article is to deal with the legal and economic aspects of the extensions of public service concessions, addressing the economic and financial balance in these concessions and the means of rebalance in the event of a serious and unforeseeable event. The paper is structured as follows: it initially deals with the concept of economic-financial balance and its application in public service concession contracts. It then goes to the mechanisms of rebalance of the initial contractual equation, focusing on the extension of the contract, noting that the doctrine examines only legal aspects of this institute. The problem of the present work is the verification if the juridical and economic aspects about the extension of the concession agreements point in the same direction. The hypothesis is that such elements do not converge and the decision on the extension cannot ignore the economic aspects, and must weigh them to guarantee transparency in the political decision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main animal science indexes, components of production costs and main economic indicators were assessed in dairy plantation in the north of the state of Minas Gerais, with different size layers. Data division was undertaken by nonsupervised method following the total number of cows in the herd. Coefficients of linear co-relationship, economic indexes, production costs, regression parameters of variables with significant co-relationship with profit were determined. Zootechnical indexes with the greatest influence in unit costs of production comprised percentage of milking cows, mean number of milking days, mean productivity of the herd, efficiency of labor and productivity per area. Birth intervals had a significant corelationship with gross and net margins per liter of virtual milk. Percentage of milking cows, productivity of milking animals and productivity per area had the greatest coefficient of co-relationship with profit. In the case of regression, zootechnical indexes milking cow percentage and productivity of milking cows provided negative rates for the interception point of the dependent variable profit. Results show that layers with greater productivity had lower operational costs and less net margin. The above did not affect significant rates in profit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research was to characterize, based on economic indicators, the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) with direct and indirect influence on the creation of the Bioceanic Highroad Crossing, which will connect Brazil to the Pacific Ocean. For the present analysis, all the municipalities were evaluated, in two different routes, between the capital of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande and Porto Murtinho, south-mato-grossense city that borders Paraguay. The economic indicators used were: GDP; GDP per capita; the population; tax collection; gross sectoral value added; and main, secondary and tertiary economic activity. The results bring evidence not only of economic development between 2010 and 2015, but also of differences in the growth variation according to the productive activity of each municipality evaluated. The cluster analysis presented municipalities with similarities, and in this context, Campo Grande differs from the other municipalities, while Maracaju and Sidrolândia form a unique cluster of great economic impact in the State. From the economic point of view, Porto Murtinho - despite the growth of the tourism sector in the municipality - is the most vulnerable city, presenting low productive dynamics, with an economy based on livestock and, still, strongly dependent on administration resources public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic and financial viability of feeding systems for horses using Elephant-grass and corn silage, as food supplementation. The zootechnical and economic indicators for the characterization of the feeding systems were obtained together with a horse breeding farm of the Mangalarga Marchador breed. A 12-year horizon was projected for exploration of the activity and, based on the use of electronic spreadsheets, the cash flows were elaborated to verify the economic-financial viability. The economic indicators of profitability were used: net present value and internal rate of return, as well as the sensitivity and risk analyzes were performed in each feeding system. The systems were financially viable as they had a positive net present value at a 10% discount rate per year. The internal rate of return was 11.11% for the feeding system that adopted the supply of Elephant-grass, while for the feed system that used corn silage, the yield obtained was 11.46%. The purchase and sale prices of animals, especially embryo donor mares, were the items with the greatest influence on the results obtained for the net present value. The economic-financial risk for investment in food systems was classified as low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics / Jornal Brasileiro de Economia da Saúde is the property of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics / Jornal Brasileiro de Economia da Saúde is the property of JBES: Brazilian Journal of Health Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The short fiber fluff cellulose industry, although it is still a recent technology in Brazil, given its use in the market for absorbent and disposable diapers, has been increasing in recent years. Regardless of the search for alternative sources of obtaining pulp with a higher degree of purity, the present work also aimed at reducing environmental impacts, focusing on the production of energy, replacing fossil fuels with waste generated in the process, such as biomass and black liquor. Making possible the implementation of a fluff pulp industry in the municipality of Teófilo Otoni/MG. The theoretical study followed the production process methodology involving the separation of cellulose from the other components of wood fibers, such as hemicellulose and lignin, using for that, wood short fiber. Within this context, it was possible to conclude that, with the product having a brightness of 85-95%, it will present 90% fibers and 10% water in its final composition. It is also anticipated that the industry will operate 24 hours daily. In this way, the industrial project is expected to produce 62.5 ton / h of work and through economic analysis, the return on investment was realized in the four-month period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigium IRE: Ciencias Sociales y Humanas is the property of Editorial Institucion Universitaria Centros de Estudios Superiores Maria Goretti and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Law & International Relations / Relações Internacionais no Mundo is the property of Relacoes Internacionais no Mundo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A simulation study was conducted to estimate the production costs of animals with different proportions of Holstein genes and annual return per cow in a herd from the northern region of Minas Gerais. Data from the zootechnical archive of Fazenda Queluz, Francisco Sá, MG, Brazil, comprising the period from 2007 to 2012 were used. The production system consists of crossbred Holstein x Zebu (HZ) cows with a genetic composition ranging from 1/4 HZ to 7/8 HZ. Total revenue per animal, annual profit per cow and variation in profitability were estimated over the years according to genetic composition. The revenue from milk production was greater for 7/8 HZ cows, but the estimated annual profit per cow was only 7.75% of total revenue, followed by 3/4 HZ cows which also exhibited low profit (4.11%). The highest profit was observed for 3/8 HZ cows, followed by 1/4 HZ and 1/2 HZ animals. Inversion of the genetic composition of the herd was observed over the years. In 2007, 64% of cows of the herd were 7/8 HZ, while in 2012, 7/8 HZ cows had been replaced with 1/4 HZ, 3/8 HZ and 1/2 HZ animals, accounting for 90% of all genotypes. Despite the greater production of animals with a higher proportion of Holstein genes, the change to cows with a higher proportion of genes of dairy Zebu breeds increased profitability, a fact that might be attributed to the greater economic efficiency of this genotype.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to determine the most adequate stocking density for tambatinga during the initial grow-out phase in net pens, considering fish growth, health, and financial aspects. Three stocking densities (400, 500, and 600 fish m-3) were evaluated for 60 days in a completely randomized design (n=4). There were no significant differences among the stocking densities for growth performance parameters, but yield was higher in the density of 600 fish m-3 (3,909.43±397.79kg m-3) compared to 400 fish m-3 (2,656.43±665.45kg m-3). Glucose, hematocrit, and total plasma proteins levels did not differ among treatments. The production was economically feasible for the three stocking densities. However, the density of 600 fish m-3 showed the highest profit. According to the results, 600 fish m-3 is the most adequate density for the initial grow-out phase of tambatinga in net pens.

Objetivou-se estimar o custo de produção de fêmeas bovinas da raça holandesa nas fases de cria (42 animais) e recria (59 animais) e identificar os componentes que exerceram maiores representatividades sobre os custos finais (custo operacional efetivo - COE e custo operacional total - COT) da atividade. Os dados foram coletados em uma fazenda produtora de leite, localizada em Ijaci, no sul de Minas Gerais, durante os meses de março a junho de 2014. Para o cálculo do COT considerou-se todos os custos operacionais efetivos, bem como a depreciação das instalações e equipamentos. O COT durante a fase de cria foi de R$571,03, enquanto que para a fase de recria foi de R$6.606,43. Os itens componentes que exerceram maiores representatividades sobre os custos da atividade na fase de cria foram, em ordem decrescente, alimentação, sêmen e mão-de-obra. Na fase de recria foram, respectivamente, em ordem decrescente, alimentação, mão de obra e aquisição de bezerras. Conclui-se que, nessas condições, a atividade cria e recria foi inviável economicamente, visto que o preço de venda é inferior ao custo operacional efetivo.

Resumo:O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer frações ótimas da dosagem total de fósforo, a serem aplicadas no pré-plantio e na fertirrigação do tomateiro de crescimento determinado, bem como determinar o efeito das diferentes formas de aplicação do nutriente sobre sua distribuição espacial no solo. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco esquemas de aplicação do fertilizante: 100, 75, 50, 25 e 0% da dose total de P, dividida entre o pré-plantio (superfosfato triplo incorporado ao solo) e a fertirrigação (ácido fosfórico). O experimento foi realizado em Latossolo Vermelho argiloso com duas classes de disponibilidade de P - 7,5 e 32,9 mg dm-3 (Mehlich-1). Os tratamentos não apresentaram efeito sobre as variáveis de produção do tomateiro cultivado no solo com alta disponibilidade de P. Entretanto, no solo com menor disponibilidade do nutriente, a fertirrigação com P apresentou efeito quadrático sobre a produtividade de frutos, a receita líquida e a taxa líquida de retorno. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos com a aplicação de metade da dose total de P pela fertirrigação. A fertirrigação possibilitou movimento vertical do nutriente no solo para até 30 cm de profundidade, e movimento horizontal de até 15 cm.

O modelo de produção de suínos denominado Wean-to-Finish (WF) é considerado uma alternativa que busca alcançar melhor desempenho produtivo, redução de estresse aos animais e melhorias na logística. Nesse sistema, os leitões são desmamados e transferidos diretamente a um galpão WF (creche-crescimento-terminação), onde permanecem até o abate. Com o objetivo de avaliar os comportamentos produtivo e econômico de suínos alojados no sistema WF em comparação ao sistema convencional de produção (CC), foram avaliados dois grupos de suínos provenientes das mesmas unidades produtoras de leitões, nascidos e desmamados na mesma semana. Um grupo foi alojado em uma creche do sistema convencional de produção (grupo CC), e o outro em um galpão WF adaptado (grupo WF), ambos em baias coletivas. Para análise de produção, foram calculados o consumo médio diário de ração (CMDR), o ganho de peso médio diário (GPMD) e a conversão alimentar (CA). Para análise econômica, foi determinado o custo por quilograma de ganho de peso vivo. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância utilizando-se o pacote estatístico SAS, previamente testados para normalidade dos resíduos pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk, e as médias dos grupos comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (5%). Na fase de creche, o GPMD foi de 0,468 e 0,449, e a CA de 1,48 e 1,42 para os Grupos WF e CC, respectivamente. Nas fases de crescimento e terminação, o GPMD foi de 0,924kg no grupo WF e de 0,909kg no grupo CC. A conversão alimentar foi de 2,41 para ambos os grupos, não sendo diferentes estatisticamente entre si (P>0,05) nas diferentes fases de produção nos parâmetros analisados. No aspecto econômico, o grupo WF apresentou os menores custos, com diferença de R$ 0,08 por quilograma de ganho de peso vivo em comparação ao grupo CC. Os resultados do desempenho produtivo associado ao aspecto econômico indicam que o sistema WF pode ser uma alternativa viável dentro da cadeia produtiva de suínos.

O chorume em estudo é oriundo da cidade de Cachoeira Paulista-SP, apresentando baixa biodegradabilidade, devendo ser pré-tratado por um processo oxidativo. O objetivo desse trabalho foi obter um modelo neural em conjunto com análises estatísticas que representassem a degradação do chorume in natura pelo processo foto-Fenton solar, em função da redução da demanda química de oxigênio (DQO). Redes neurais apresentam-se como uma alternativa para a modelagem de processos não-lineares como os processos oxidativos avançados, que envolvem um grande número de variáveis de controle e complexas reações envolvidas. O processo fotocatalítico foi otimizado por um planejamento fatorial fracionado (24-1) em duplicata e triplicata no ponto central, sendo as variáveis de entrada em três níveis: pH, radiação solar e concentrações de H2O2 e Fe2+. O sistema de tratamento em escala de bancada utilizou um reator batelada, com volume constante (3 L) de chorume, vazão 13 L min-1 e 2-h de reação. A otimização do processo mostrou que o efeito individual de cada variável de entrada deve operar em seu maior nível, sendo que a variável Fe2+ teve significância na forma combinada. A redução percentual de DQO do melhor experimento foi de 88,7 %, sendo esta avaliada em um custo de R$ 126,67 m-3 de chorume. O processo de degradação foi modelado via redes neurais feedforward backpropagation, com coeficientes de correlação linear para os conjuntos de treinamento, validação e teste acima de 0,9, indicando alta predição e generalização do modelo neural proposto. A rede neural proposta mapeou um espaço multidimensional da forma ∆DQO = f(t, pH,[H O ],P ,[Fe ]) 2+ 2 2 UV .