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Copyright of Osmangazi Journal of Medicine / Osmangazi Tip Dergisi is the property of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Celal Bayar University Health Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı nörobiyoloji çalışmalarında sıkça kullanılmakta olan HT22 fare hipokampal hücre hattının nöronal farklılaşma modeli olarak kullanılabilirliğinin anlaşılması için standart bir farklandırma besiyerine farklı sürelerde verdiği apoptotik cevabın sınanmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: HT22 hücrelerinin ekilmesi ve farklandırma dışında kültüre edilmesi için HG-DMEM farklandırma için ise B27+ katkılı NB+ medyumu kullanılmıştır. Kontrol grubu da dâhil olmak üzere toplam 9 farklı grup standart olarak kültüre edilmiştir. Deney sonunda AnnexinV/PI işaretlemesiyle erken/geç apoptozis ve nekrozis oranları akım sitometrik olarak belirlenmiştir. Verilerin normal dağılıma uyup uymadığı Shapiro-Wilks testi ile sınandıktan sonra en uygun testle istatistiksel analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Gruplar arasındaki karşılaştırmada erken apoptozis (P

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Doxorubicin (Dox) is an anti–cancer agent used of ovarian, breast, liver, lung cancers and solid tumors such as leukemia and lymphoma treatment. However, since it is an antineoplastic agent with a high toxic effect, it causes toxicity on many organs and tissues in the organism. Spirulina spp. (SP) contains phytopigments such as β–carotene, tocopherols and xanthophylls and is a natural source of vitamin A as well as its anticarcinogenic effect. For these reasons, this study was planned to experimentally reveal the antioxidant and protective effects of SP on Dox–induced reproductive toxicity in female rats. In the study, histopathological evaluation was performed after Hematoxylin–Eosin staining in female rats with Dox toxicity. The distribution of GSK–3β for cell proliferation, HIF–1α for oxidative stress and VEGF for vascularization were evaluated. TUNEL staining was performed to determine apoptosis. It was determined that SP prevented tissue damage on the ovarian tissue of rats with Dox toxicity, and this positive effect was achieved through factors such as oxidative stress (HIF–1α), vascularization (VEGF) and inhibition of cell death (Apoptosis). It has been observed that SP treatment to be applied after chemotherapy is effective in protecting both the developing follicles and the primordial follicle pool.

Copyright of Firat Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Firat Universitesiu, Saglik Bilimleri Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mersin Üniversitesi sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Mersin University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sakarya Tıp Dergisi is the property of Sakarya Tip Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of differing doses of resveratrol (RES) against cisplatin (CP)-induced gastrointestinal injury in small intestinal tissue using histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight healthy male Wistar albino rats aged 12-16 weeks were divided into eight groups, control RES-30, RES-60, RES-90, CP, CP+RES30, CP+RES60, and CP+RES90. Small intestine tissues were collected at the end of the experimental period and subjected to routine Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) were evaluated from immunohistochemically stained tissues. DNA fragmentation was evaluated using the TUNEL technique. Results: Based on the histopathological findings, vacuolization and shedding were observed in the small intestine surface epithelium with notable fusion and shortening in the villus structure in the CP group. Significant decreases were observed in the CP+RES30, CP+RES60, and particularly CP+RES90 groups compared to the CP group in terms of apical surface epithelial degeneration, villous fusion, and inflammatory cell infiltration. The apoptotic index (AI) and TNF-α immunoreactivities were significantly higher in the CP group (p<0.05). AI and TNF-α immune intensity were significantly lower in the treatment groups (p<0.05). It has been determined that among the treatment groups, particularly the CP+RES30 group showed the lowest damage score values and immunoreactivity of TNF-α with AI.Conclusions: CP caused severe histological tissue injury, intestinal apoptosis, and proinflammatory cytokine release, while RES administered before CP treatment exhibited a dose-dependent protective effect (particularly at RES30 mg/kg) against CP-induced intestinal injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is the most common global malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death. Early diagnosis of breast cancer increases the success rate of treatment with different treatment methods. However, in the advancing stages, both the treatment success rate decreases, and the application of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, which is one of the current treatment methods, may also have side effects on the patient. Therefore, it is necessary to find that personalized treatment models do not have side effects. Exosomes are natural nanoparticles and are also known as small extracellular vesicles which play important roles in intercellular communication, containing a wide variety of lipids, proteins, metabolites, RNAs and DNAs. This study aimed to investigate the apoptotic effects of exosomes obtained from an adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (AT-Exo) by precipitation method on human breast cancer MCF-7 and breast epithelial MCF10A at different concentrations by using Annexin V & Dead Cell method. Early apoptotic, late apoptotic, live and dead cells have been evaluated by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining in both cell lines and have found that the percentage of total apoptotic 58.817±4.2%, 56.37±9%, 70.9±4.1% in the 40x1010, 20x1010 ve 10x1010 AT-Exo mL-1 groups for 24h, 48h and 72h respectively. When MCF-7 cell groups given AT-Exo have been compared both among themselves and with MCF-7 and MCF10A cell groups not given AT-Exo, the difference has been statically significant depending on time and dose (p0.05). MCF10A and MCF-7 control groups have been evaluated, and no significant difference has been observed (p0.05). In conclusion, exosomes may have the potential capacity in cancer therapy by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apigenin is one of the flavonoids found in abundance in various natural sources, including fruits and vegetables, with important functions in the prevention and treatment of various health problems. It is known that apigenin, which has a very high pharmacological activity, has mainly antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic effects, and exhibits these effects by up-or down-regulating proteins in specific pathways. This study focused on the effects of apigenin on inflammation, oxidant-antioxidant balance, cancer, apoptosis and cell cycle, and these properties were supported by in vivo and in vitro studies. As a result of the researches, it was concluded that apigenin exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties. Moreover, it has been observed that apigenin leads damaged, worn or cancerous cells to apoptosis, inhibits the proliferation of such cells by stopping the cell cycle at various checkpoints, and thus exhibits an antiproliferative effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer in men and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Although chemotherapeutics and anti-androgens are frequently used approaches in the treatment of prostate cancer, their use is limited due to acquired drug resistance and developing castration resistance mechanisms. For this reason, the need for new approaches continues to eliminate the side effects of existing treatments and to improve the therapeutic efficacy of currently used agents. In the present study, we investigated the effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and salicylic acid (SA) alone or their combination with Paclitaxel which is an anti-mitotic agent frequently used in the treatment of various chemotherapy-resistant cancer types, on the PERK branch of unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling, autophagy and apoptotic cell death in prostate cancer cells. Our findings showed that the combination of Paclitaxel with ASA and SA has strong anti-cancer effects on prostate cancer cells by inducing autophagy, causing CHOP stimulation via the PERK arm of the UPR and activating apoptotic proteins caspase-3 and PARP-1. These results suggest that the combination of ASA and SA with Paclitaxel may offer an effective treatment approach by improving the anticancer efficacy of Paclitaxel in the treatment of prostate cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Magyar Nőorvosok Lapja is the property of Hungarian Society of Obsterics & Gynaecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Usage of oocytes obtained from ovaries aft er long-term cold storage for in vitro embryo production is a promising tool for the protection of wildlife and endangered animal species. Mammalian oocytes are susceptible to oxidative stress with regard to the high lipid content of plasma membranes. Melatonin is known as a powerful antioxidant and anti-apoptotic agent due to its ability to eliminate toxic oxygen derivatives and reduce the formation of reactive species. Th is study was performed to verify the optimal environmental conditions for long-term preservation of cat ovaries (Felis domesticus) by adding diff erent concentrations of melatonin (500, 750 and 1000 μM) to the storage medium (0.9% NaCl) as an antioxidant to be preserved at 4°C for 24 h. To determine the eff ect of melatonin on cat oocytes collected from stored ovaries, the anti and proapoptotic gene levels in cumulus oophorus, the in vitro maturation rates, the cell membrane and oocytes viability were evaluated. In all melatonin added groups regardless of whether they are stored in the cold; Pro-apoptotic gene levels (BAX) were determined to be upregulated however, antiapoptotic gene levels (BCL-2) were downregulated in cumulus cells (P

We aimed to study the protective effects of 3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) on cerebral infarction induced by local ischemic injury and regulation mechanism of the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3ß signaling pathway. One hundred male Wistar rats aged 12-15 weeks were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=20). The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established. NBP, P13K specific inhibitor LY294002 and NBP plus LY294002 groups were intraperitoneally administered on the first day after modeling, once a day for 7 days. Sham operation (Sham) and model groups were intraperitoneally given equal amounts of normal saline. Neuronal damage was detected by Nissl staining. Intact neurons were counted under light microscope. The protein expressions of Akt, P-Akt, GSK-3ß and P-GSK-3ß were detected by Western blotting. The mNS score of NBP group decreased significantly compared with that of model group (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the cerebral infarction volume of NBP group significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the number of intact neurons in NBP group significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the phosphorylation levels of Akt and GSK-3ß in NBP group significantly increased (P<0.05). By activating the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3ß signaling pathway, NBP relieves neurological function damage and protects against cerebral infarction induced by local ischemic injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sinapic acid (SA), one of the hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, has powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Moreover, SA has also been shown to have an apoptotic effect against various cancer cells. Here, we investigated the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of sinapic acid on D17 canine osteosarcoma cell line. We measured the properties of SA on cell viability with the XTT test and found its IC50 dose at 750 µmol at 72 h. We analyzed the effects on gene expression of apoptosis pathways by qRT-PCR. qRT-PCR results revealed significant increases in the mRNA level expressions of BAX, CASP3, CASP7, CASP8, CASP9, FAS and P53; whereas, there was a statistically insignificant downregulation in CYCS level and increase in BCL2 level. Our findings show that SA can induce apoptosis in the D17 cell line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the potential apoptotic effects of propofol, dexmedetomidine and medetomidine that were used during oocyte retrieval on cumulus cells in rat ovulation induction model. Methods: After the ovulation induction model was created, rats were received dexmedetomidine in Group D, propofol in Group P, medetomidine in Group M. Oocytes collection was performed 10 minutes after the administration of study drugs. For Caspase-3 immunohistochemical evaluation, the staining level was scored in five randomly selected areas and the areas with the highest score were determined. Immunohistochemical staining scoring for each section was performed using a scoring algorithm called H-score. Results: Caspase-3 expression in cumulus cells was found to be lowest in Group D and highest in Group P. The mean caspase-3 H-score was lower in Group D than that of Group P and M (p<0.001), and in Group M than that of Group P (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that dexmedetomidine and medetomidine exhibit less apoptotic effects in terms of caspase-3 activity in oocyte cumulus cells than propofol in a rat ovulation induction model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer is a major health problem in dogs. Types of cancer seen in dogs include melanoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcomas and prostate, breast, lung and colorectal carcinomas. Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common malignant primary bone tumor in domestic dogs. It constitutes 85% of skeletal tumors. It is derived from primitive bone cells that occur in both the appendicular (~75%) and axial (~25%) skeleton. The present study was intended to determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic eff ects of curcumin administration at certain doses and in certain periods on D-17 canine osteosarcoma cells. Canine osteosarcoma cells were treated with curcumin and the eff ects of it on proliferation were determined by WST-1, apoptosis by caspase 3/7 activity (MuseCaspase 3/7) and the ratio of proapoptotic Bax gene to antiapoptotic Bcl-2 gene expression level by qRT-PCR. Our data demonstrated that curcumin decreased cell proliferation and viability, ultimately inducing caspase 3/7 mediated apoptosis in treated D-17 canine osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, the application of curcumin on canine osteosarcoma cells downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and upregulated the expression of proapoptotic gene Bax. Thus, these results may provide a basis for further study of curcumin in the treatment of breast cancer.

Cancer, which ranks second in the list of the deadliest diseases in the world after cardiovascular diseases, is a group of diseases whose incidence increases with age. However, the increased incidence in young patients in recent years has led researchers to search for novel and alternative treatments. The fact that members of the sirtuin (SIRT) deacetylase family, which are mammalian homologues of the Sir2 gene in yeast, have important roles in the occurrence and treatment of aging-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and cancer, has amplified interest to the understanding of the roles of these enzymes in recent years. SIRTs offer novel approaches in cancer treatment by regulating cellular events, such as DNA repair, apoptosis, metabolism, and aging. It is possible to alter the activity of these proteins, also known as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent Class III histone deacetylases, with specific SIRT activators and inhibitors. In this review, the biological roles of the three most studied members of SIRT proteins, SIRT1, SIRT2 and SIRT3, and the importance of new organic molecules that change the activities of these SIRTs in cancer treatment in the light of recent literature are discussed, and it was aimed to contribute to filling the lack of Turkish literature on this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Eurasian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: In this study, it is aimed to examine the protective effect of magnolia extract (ME), a herbal material obtained from Magnolia Officinalis, which is claimed to have an important role in anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress and antiapoptosis, with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production due to aging and depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in cardiomyocytes and its suppressive effect on apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress at the molecular level. Materials and Methods: In the study, an in vitro aging model was created using rat left ventricular cell line H9c2. H9c2 cells treated with D-galactose (D-Gal; 50 mg/mL) for 48 hours were incubated with 5 µM ME for 24 hours and their effects on ROS production and MMP depolarization in aged cardiomyocytes were examined. ROS and MMP measurements were performed under confocal microscopy using fluorescent dyes dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) and carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP). With the ER- stress markers Calregulin and glucose-regulated protein 78, qRT-PCR measurements of the change in expression of the apoptosis marker equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 after ME treatment were analyzed. Results: Incubation of aging-modeled cardiomyocytes with ME provides significant suppression of aging-related ROS production and regulation of depolarized MMP. In addition, we observed that ER-stress and apoptosis developed by mitochondrial dysfunction were suppressed by ME treatment, by examining the expressions of stress and apoptosis marker genes. Conclusion: Our findings show that Magnolia officinalis extract, known for its cardioprotective effects, can be applied as a new treatment approach in aging-related heart failure by regulating mitochondrion dysfunction that develops uncontrollably with cardiac aging at the functional and molecular level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Usage of oocytes obtained from ovaries aft er long-term cold storage for in vitro embryo production is a promising tool for the protection of wildlife and endangered animal species. Mammalian oocytes are susceptible to oxidative stress with regard to the high lipid content of plasma membranes. Melatonin is known as a powerful antioxidant and anti-apoptotic agent due to its ability to eliminate toxic oxygen derivatives and reduce the formation of reactive species. Th is study was performed to verify the optimal environmental conditions for long-term preservation of cat ovaries (Felis domesticus) by adding diff erent concentrations of melatonin (500, 750 and 1000 µM) to the storage medium (0.9% NaCl) as an antioxidant to be preserved at 4°C for 24 h. To determine the eff ect of melatonin on cat oocytes collected from stored ovaries, the anti and pro- apoptotic gene levels in cumulus oophorus, the in vitro maturation rates, the cell membrane and oocytes viability were evaluated. In all melatonin added groups regardless of whether they are stored in the cold; Pro-apoptotic gene levels (BAX) were determined to be upregulated however, anti- apoptotic gene levels (BCL-2) were downregulated in cumulus cells (P<0.05). Th e cell membrane stability and cell viability rates of oocytes began to deteriorate in parallel with the rate of melatonin increase. In parallel with these findings, in vitro maturation rates of oocytes were negatively aff ected as the amount of melatonin increased (P≤0.001). In conclusion the results showed that adding melatonin (500,750 or 1000 µM) to the ovarian transport and storage medium had negative eff ect on in vitro maturation rate, viability and cell membrane structure of cat oocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Ağız kanserleri, ağızdaki yapıları veya dokuları etkileyen malign bir neoplazmdır. Oral skuamoz hücreli karsinoma deri, dudaklar ve oral kavitede mukoz membranda en sık görülen neoplazmdır. Haplophyllum buxbaumii, çok yıllık otsu bir bitkidir ve antioksidan özellikleri olduğu bildirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı Haplophyllum’un oral skuamoz kanser hücreleri üzerindeki antikanser etkilerini değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Haplophyllum buxbaumii bitkisinden elde edilen ekstrenin skuamöz hücreli karsinom hücreleri üzerine etkileri, hücre canlılık testleri, total protein sayımı ve Elisa yöntemiyle caspase-3, Baxve Bcl-2 aktivitesi ile incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre Haplophyllum ekstresi uygulaması, kontrollerle karşılaştırıldığında skuamöz hücreli karsinom hücrelerinin canlılığını azaltırken apoptotic yolağı da aktive etmiştir.Sonuç: Haplophyllumbuxbaumii bitki ekstresini skuamöz hücreli karsinom hücreleri üzerinde toksik etki göstermiş olup bu kanserin terapisine yönelik çalışmalara katkı sağlayacaktır. Çalışmamız bu bitkinin antikanser potansiyeli olduğunu göstermektedir.

Objective: Hypoxia has an important role in the disruption of intestinal mucosal integrity because of inflammation and apoptosis induced by inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha), IL-6 and IFN-y, and apoptotic regulatory proteins. Chloroquine (CLQ) is a drug used in the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and is widely used for the treatment of many inflammatory diseases such as malaria and rheumatoid arthritis. In this study, we aimed to reduce the destructive effects of hypoxia-induced inflammation and apoptosis in the intestinal mucosa of rats with CLQ applications. Methods: For this purpose, a total of 24 Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into three groups; Group I: Control group (n=8), Group II: Hypoxia (n=8) and Group III: Hypoxia + CLQ (n=8). The control group was housed in plexiglass cages to keep the oxygen levels at 10% levels for 28 days, while the hypoxia and hypoxia+CLQ groups were housed in a normal atmospheric environment (21% O2), and the hypoxia+CLQ group was administered CLQ at a dose of 50 mg/kg every day for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, the intestinal tissues of the experimental animals, were extracted under the anesthesia and they were sacrificed. Results: As a result of histopathological evaluations, it was determined that CLQ applications showed healing properties on the histopathological effects induced by hypoxia in the intestine. While an increase in TNF-α expression was observed in the hypoxia group, a statistically significant decrease was detected in the hypoxia+CLQ group. In addition, Bax expression was found to be statistically significantly lower in the hypoxia+CLQ group when compared to the hypoxia group. On the contrary, it was observed that Bcl-2 expression was statistically significantly increased in the hypoxia+CLQ group compared to the Hypoxia group. Conclusion: We observed that hypoxia causes significant damage to the intestinal mucosa and triggers a severe inflammation that drives cells to apoptosis. Considering the curative effects of chloroquine on the intestinal mucosa, we suggest that this anti-inflammatory drug has a potential to use clinically to alleviate the deleterious effects of hypoxia in the intestine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cancer is one of the diseases that developed by uncontrolled proliferation of cells and become more common every year. The inadequacy of existing treatment methods, the need for new methods with lesser side effects have increased. Phytotherapy, which has become widespread as one of the cancer treatment methods in recent years, has created the most remarkable candidate and a rapidly developing field. In this study, based on the phytotherapy method, the anticancer activity of the green outer bark of the pican nut (Carya illinoinensis) was investigated. Materials and Methods: The anticancer activity of pican nut green bark on various cancer cell lines was tested using the cell culture method. In this context, the cytotoxic value of the green-shell hexane extract of pecan nut was tested on PC-3, DU-145, PNT1-A, HT-29, HCT-116 and HUVEC cell lines. The percentage of apoptotic cells was investigated with Annexin V/PI staining and cell cycle with PI staining. Results: According to the experimental results, it was determined that pican nut green-outer shell hexane extract showed highest cytotoxic effect on PC-3, which is the prostate cancer cell line (IC50: 40.32µg/ml). The percentage of apoptotic cells was found to be 94% and the of cells retained in the G0/G1 phase was 59.2%. Conclusions: As a result of this study, it was determined that PC-3 cells suppressed cell division and triggered apoptosis in cells. Based on these results, it is predicted that the green-outer shell of pican nut is an alternative plant candidate that can be used in the treatment of cancer in the pharmacological field and will guide the studies to be done in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chrysin on testicular damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Twenty-four male Spraque-Dawley rats were divided into four groups as the control group, Chrysin group, CCl4 group, and Chrysin+CCl4 group. Chrysin (100 mg/kg/body weight/day) and CCl4 (0.5 ml/kg/body weight/day in corn oil (1:1)) were administered by gavage for 14 days. Compared to the control group, it was determined that malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased, reduced glutathione (GSH) level, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (KAT) activities decreased in the CCl4 group. It was also determined that many testicular lesions were induced, Johnsen's Mean Testicular Biopsy Score (JMTBS) decreased, and caspase-3 immunoreactivity increased in this group. Compared to the CCl4 group, it was determined that GSH level and SOD and CAT activities increased, MDA level decreased in the Chrysin+CCl4 group. It was also observed that testicular lesions were alleviated, JMTBS increased, and caspase-3 immunoreactivity was decreased in this group. As a result, it was concluded that chrysin might have beneficial effects in the treatment of CCl4-induced testicular toxicity as a result of its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plasma is formed by adding energy to natural gas and ionizing it. Depending on the tissue to be treated and the purpose, hot plasma or cold plasma have been applied. Cold plasma is more preferred in clinical applications because it does not cause damage to the tissue and its surroundings. Cold atmospheric plasma is a type of plasma and it has been used in dermatology in the treatment of wounds, itching, pain, scarring, actinic keratosis, diabetic foot and eczema without thermal effect, as well as in applications such as bleaching, modification of implant surfaces, surface coating in dentistry in recent years. In this review article, firstly, general information about plasma will be given and then the use of cold atmospheric plasma in cancer treatment will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the association with DRP1 the protective effect of ALA on kidney tissue of the rats administered with adriamycin. Material and Method: Twenty eight Sprague-Dawley male rats were used in this study. Animals were divided to four groups. No administration was made to the control group during 28 days. A single dose of 15 mg / kg ADR was given intraperitoneally to the ADR group. After 15 mg / kg ADR was given to ADR + ALA group, 50 mg / kg ALA was given by oral gavage every other day. In the ALA group, 50 mg / kg ALA was administered orally every other day. At the end of the experiment, the rats were decapitated. Following decapitation, histological and quantitative RT-PCR analyzes were done. Results: Histopathological findings such as inflammatory cell increase, enlargement bowman distance were observed in the ADR group. ALA treatment was found to reduce the majority of histopathological findings.DRP1 immunoreactivity was significantly increased in the ADR group compared to the control group, whereas in the ADR+ALA group, DRP1 immunoreactivity was significantly lower than ADR group. A statistically significant increase was found in DRP1, BAX and CASP3 mRNA levels in the ADR group compared to the control group. A significant decrease was detected in DRP1, BAX and CASP3 mRNA levels in ADR + ALA group compared to the ADR group. Conclusion: This study revealed that ADR causes apoptosis and increases in DRP1 expression together with histopathological damages in kidney tissues, whereas ALA provides major protection against these effects of ADR by regulating apoptosis and DRP1 activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lead (Pb) poisoning and the induced potential of the lesion is a global concern with harmful effects on multiple body systems, particularly the liver system. In this study, we have investigated the efficacy of aqueous-alcoholic extract of parsley leaves (PAE), which is a component of flavonoids that could play an important role in the antioxidant property, in preventing liver Pb-damages. For this, sixty adult male rats were randomly divided into six groups in a factorial arrangement: control; receiving oral gavage for 21 days with 2 mL water; 500 ppm Pb; 100 and 200 mg/kg PAE in combination form with Pb, and 200 mg/kg PAE. Liver enzymes and oxidative stress indexes were computed for liver stress, in blood serum. Apoptosis levels were assessed in the evaluation of liver gene expression. Data indicated that Pb reduced liver weight and feed intake. The results showed that Pb significantly increased the liver enzymes contents in the blood serum in the comparison vehicle group. Furthermore, the MDA contents of the Pb group rats were significantly more than that of the vehicle group. Likewise, T-AOC and the activities of CAT and SOD were significantly reduced. Meanwhile, Pb administration induced liver apoptosis-related genes by upregulating Bax and TNF-α genes and downregulating the Bcl-2 gene of animals. At the same time, administration of PAE significantly improved liver oxidative and apoptosis changes. Thus, this study provides a novel mechanistic approach concerning Pb-induced toxicity, due to PAE antioxidant activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research was to investigate whether sinapic acid (SA) can alleviate oxidative damage, apoptosis, and inflammation in I/R induced renal injury. A total of 24 male rats were randomly separated into four groups as six rats in each group. Group 1 (Sham), Group 2 (I/R), Group 3 (I/R + SA, 10 mg/kg), Group 4 (I/R + SA, 20 mg/kg). In order to evaluate kidney function serum BUN, Cr, and AST were measured in an autoanalyzer. SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, PC and NO oxidative stress parameters were measured with spectrophotometric methods and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, KIM-1 and NGAL parameters were measured with the ELISA method. In addition, H&E method and immunohistochemical examinations were performed for histological evaluations of kidney tissue. SA significantly decreases the increase in kidney damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, cell death and restore the decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities (p<0.05). Pre-treatment of the rats with SA reduces kidney dysfunction and morphological changes. The development of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation seems to be the leading factors that accelerate inflammation and cell death during renal IRI. The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic features of SA displayed a renoprotective effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nature is a source of therapeutic compounds which have fewer side effects compared to synthetic drugs. Stinging Urtica dioica L. extract, widely-used in Anatolia, has a strong antiproliferative effect on many types of cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this effect is still not known. Materials and Methods: In this study, the interaction of Urtica dioica L. extract at different concentrations with apoptosis and autophagy pathways in the human promyelocytic cell line (HL-60) was studied to elucidate how it triggers the antiproliferative effects. In this context, firstly, the plant leaves were extracted in water with the Soxhlet extraction method. HL-60 cells were incubated with the extract at different concentrations for 24 hours, and the activated antitumoral effect pathway was investigated with advanced following molecular tests: MTT staining, Nitric oxide (NO) level, Annexin-V in flow cytometry, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential measurement (MMP) and qPCR for evaluation of apoptosis and autophagy mediator genes. Results: It was determined that cell proliferation was suppressed at a concentration of 100 µg/mL and cells were kept in G0/G1 phase, MMP was impaired in cells and the rate of apoptotic cells increased. These apoptotic markers were confirmed by statistically increased expression of apoptotic and autophagy genes and NO level. Conclusions: Taken together, it is predicted that Urtica dioica L. water extract initiates apoptosis in HL-60 cells and could be promising compound candidate for cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Asherman sendromundaki (AS)endometriyal hasarlarda cerrahi yöntemlere ve medikal tedavilere alternatif olarak kök hücre tedavisinin etkileri araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada sıçanlarda AS modeli kimyasal olarak oluşturuldu. Aynı türün erkek bireylerinin tibia ve femur kemiğinden izole edilen kemik iliği kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücreler (KİMKH) AS oluşturulan dişi sıçanlara verilerek endometriyumda meydana gelen değişiklikler histopatolojik parametrelerle değerlendirildi. Asherman+ besiyeri, Asherman+ niş, Asherman+ KİMKH, Asherman+ KİMKH+ niş olmak üzere toplam dört grup oluşturuldu.Bulgular: Tedavi gruplarında epitel ve lamina propriyadaki rejenerasyonla birilkte endometriyal kalınlığın, bez sayısının ve vaskülarizasyonun arttığı, fibröz alanların ve apoptotik hücre ölümünün azaldığı gözlenmiştir. Kontrol grubu olarak değerlendirilen sağ uterin hornlarda ise her hangi bir histopatolojik değişiklik görülmemiştir.Sonuç: KİMKH ve Niş uygulamalarının, infertiliteye neden olan mekanizmaların içerisinde yer alan adezyon oluşumunu azaltarakedavi ile kliniğe katkı sağlayabileceği gösterildi. Bu olumlu sonuçlar Asherman çalışmalarının kliniğe taşınabilmesi açısından ümit vericidir.

Şeker hastalığı olarak bilinen diyabet, çeşitli komplikasyonları (kalp ve dolaşım hastalıkları, kanser ve buna benzer hastalıklar) beraberinde getiren, insan hayatını olumsuz yönde etkileyen metabolik bir hastalıktır. Genel olarak diyabet tip I ve tip II olmak üzere iki büyük alt grupta toplanan bir hastalıktır. Tip I diyabette beta (β) hücrelerinin apoptoz ile kaybı insülin salgısının azalmasında önemli bir mekanizmadır. Leptin de insülin gibi antiapoptotik ve proliferatif hormonlardan biridir. Dahası düşük leptin ve insülin tedavisinin sadece yüksek doz insülin kullanımına oranla kan şekerinin tamponlanmasında daha etkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Fakat leptinin tip I diyabetteki bu etkisi/etkileri hala gizemini korumaktadır. Leptinin tip I diyabetteki önemli etkisinden biri de yağların β oksidasyonunun artmasına neden olarak, kan şekerinin tamponlanmasını da sağları. Bu da insülin direncinin oluşmasının azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca leptinin insülinin anabolik etkilerini taklit ettiği gibi diyabette meydana gelen ketoasidozu önlediği de vurgulanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla leptin tedavisi, zorunlu yüksek doz insülin kullanımı azaltılmasına olanak tanıyabilmektedir. Bu derleme, literatürdeki leptin ve diyabet arasındaki

Cancer is a major health problem in dogs. Types of cancer seen in dogs include melanoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcomas and prostate, breast, lung and colorectal carcinomas. Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common malignant primary bone tumor in domestic dogs. It constitutes 85% of skeletal tumors. It is derived from primitive bone cells that occur in both the appendicular (~75%) and axial (~25%) skeleton. The present study was intended to determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of curcumin administration at certain doses and in certain periods on D-17 canine osteosarcoma cells. Canine osteosarcoma cells were treated with curcumin and the effects of it on proliferation were determined by WST-1, apoptosis by caspase 3/7 activity (MuseCaspase 3/7) and the ratio of proapoptotic Bax gene to antiapoptotic Bcl-2 gene expression level by qRT-PCR. Our data demonstrated that curcumin decreased cell proliferation and viability, ultimately inducing caspase 3/7 mediated apoptosis in treated D-17 canine osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, the application of curcumin on canine osteosarcoma cells downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and upregulated the expression of proapoptotic gene Bax. Thus, these results may provide a basis for further study of curcumin in the treatment of canine osteosarcoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Determining the changes in the apoptosis process in cells can provide important information for new treatment and drug research. Apoptotic cells undergo a series of subcellular changes that lead to cell shrinkage and fragmentation. Determining these early changes in the apoptotic process depending on time may provide a new perspective to cell culture studies. The aim of this study is to develop a method in which early spectral changes occurring in the apoptosis process of melanoma cells can be determined depending on time. Methods: In this study, epoxomicin (Epo) was used to induce apoptosis in A375 melanoma cell line and apoptotic dose was determined by MTT method. In order to evaluate the early apoptotic process in a time-dependent manner, measurements were made at five different time points (0.5-6 hours) with a fixed Epo dose. DCFH-DA method was used to measure ROS, which is the most important stimulus of apoptosis. Bax amount was determined by Western Blot technique. Spectroscopic measurements were made with a back-reflection spectroscopy experiment setup consisting of spectrometer, tungsten-halogen light source and fiber optic probe. Apoptosis index values were determined from spectra. Results: Early spectral changes were determined with the spectra measured in the apoptosis time of melanoma cells. A significant difference was found in ROS measurements at 2, 4 and 6 hours compared to control. Cell viability was found to be 70% lower than control at 75 and 100 nM Epo doses after 24 hours. Time-dependent Bax levels were found to increase in all Epo groups as an indicator of apoptosis. Spectroscopic apoptosis index value was found to be compatible with ROS and Bax results at all groups. Conclusion: A new approach has been presented in which spectral changes occurring in the early stage of the apoptosis process in cell culture can be determined by back reflection spectroscopy. This approach has the potential to be developed in cell culture studies as a method that can monitor apoptosis over time without interfering with cell culture conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Adriamycin (ADR) is a potent and broad-spectrum antibiotic used in cancer treatments. However, the clinical efficacy of ADR is hampered by its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. For this reason, in this study, it was aimed to examine the protective effect of Pleurotus eryngii extract (PEE) on the changes occurring in the heart tissues of rats treated with ADR. Methods: Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 4 equal groups (n = 6). DMSO/ethanol was given to control group by oral gavage. A single dose of 10 mg/kg ADR was administered to ADR group. After administration of 10 mg/kg single dose ADR, 200 mg/kg dose of PEE (dissolved in DMSO/ethanol) was given orally to ADR+PEE group. 200 mg/kg PEE was administered by oral gavage to PEE group. At the end of the 21st day, the rats were decapitated. After decapitation, the heart tissues were removed and histological and quantitative RT-PCR analyzes were performed. Results: Inflammatory cell increase, loss of myofibril, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and vascular congestion were found in the heart tissues belonging to ADR group. PEE treatment caused improvement in these histopathological findings. Also, a significant increase in IL1-β immunoreactivity and IL1-β, BAX, Caspase-3 mRNA levels were observed in the ADR group compared to the control group. However, it was determined that significant decrease in IL-1β immunoreactivity and IL1-β, BAX, Caspase-3 mRNA levels in ADR + PEE group compared to ADR group. Conclusion: PEE treatment has been shown to have a cardioprotective effect with anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties against ADR-induced cardiotoxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM), a malignancy of plasma cells, is the second most prevalent hematological cancer. Bortezomib is the most effective chemotherapeutic drug used in treatment. However, drug-resistance prevents success of chemotherapy. One of the factors causing drug-resistance is dysfunction of apoptotic-pathways. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and p-53 genes involved in apoptosis and the development of bortezomib-resistance in MM cell lines. Materials and methods: Multiple myeloma KMS20 (bortezomib-resistant) and KMS28 (bortezomib-sensitive) cell lines were used. 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl] 1-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to determine IC50 values of bortezomib. RNAs were isolated from bortezomib-treated cell lines, followed by cDNA synthesis. Expression levels of the genes were analyzed by using q-Realtime-PCR. Results: As a result, Bcl-2/Bax ratio was higher in KMS20 (resistant) cells than in KMS28 (sensitive) cells. Expression of caspase-3 decreased in KMS20-cells, whereas increased in KMS28-cells. The results indicate that apoptosis was suppressed in resistant cells. Conclusion: These findings will enable us to understand the molecular mechanisms leading to drug-resistance in MM cells and to develop new methods to prevent the resistance. Consequently, preventing the development of bortezomib resistance by eliminating the factors which suppress apoptosis may be a new hope for MM treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toxicological and epidemiological evidence suggests that heavy metals cause neurodegenerative problems. Since crustacean are fed by filtering seawater, they can be exposed to factors such as heavy metals, pesticides, herbicides, toxic plankton, and household waste. It has been determined that aluminum and lead, which are metal groups with high neurotoxicity in humans, are particularly high in crustaceans. We found that experimental studies related to this subject were very limited and we did not find any studies on the histopathological effects of bivalve consumption on the medulla spinalis tissue. This study was conducted to determine cellular damage and apoptosis in the spinal cord tissue of rats fed with clams collected from determined locations in the Dardanelles Strait. The study was divided into four groups, the first group was the control group (n = 6) fed standard rat feed for three weeks, the second group (n = 6) 80% clams and 20% standard feed every day, the third group 80% clams every two days and 20% standard feed, the fourth group was determined as the experimental group to which 80% clams and 20% standard feed were applied every three days. At the end of the study, spinal cord tissue samples taken from rats were evaluated under a light microscope after routine histopathological procedures. While there is a decrease in the number of neurons in the experimental group, the increase in the number of astrocytes draws attention. TUNEL staining showed that apoptosis occurred intensely in glial cells, and mild apoptosis occurred in anterior and posterior horn motor and sensory neurons. As a result, it shows that long-term consumption of shellfish causes axonal damage of motor and sensory neurons and degeneration of glial cells. It is known that damage to glial cells will trigger neuronal damage. It is very important in terms of health that we feed ourselves with healthy and hygienically grown products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hastalıkların erken tanı ve tedavisinde, iyonize radyasyon içeren görüntüleme yöntemleri önemli rol oynarlar. Tanı ve tedavide, hastaya uygulanacak radyasyon dozunun mümkün olduğunca az tutulması ve radyasyondan koruyucu önlemler alınmasına rağmen hastada radyasyon hasarı oluşma olasılığı bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle düşük ve/veya yüksek doz radyasyon uygulamaları, hücrede biyokimyasal ve moleküler sinyal yolaklarını aktive ederek, hücresel düzeyde etkiler oluşturmaktadır. Günümüzde radyasyon içeren uygulamaların sıklığı ve teknik parametrelerin yüksek değerlerde kullanılmasıyla hasta dozları ve buna bağlı doku hasarları görülme olasılığı giderek artmaktadır. Radyasyon hasarı ile ilgili çalışmalarda rapor edilen hücresel mekanizmaların başında, apoptozis ve hücre içi reaktif oksijen türleri (Reactive Oxygen Species, ROS) oluşumu gelmektedir. Apoptozis, radyoterapi uygulamalarında tümörü yok etmede hedeflenen bir sonuç iken tanısal amaçlı düşük doz uygulamalarda doku hasarını arttırıcı istenmeyen bir sonuçtur. Tanı ve tedavi amacıyla kullanılan radyasyonun, farklı dokular üzerinde erken ve geç etkileri bulunmaktadır. Düşük doz iyonize radyasyonun hücresel düzeyde etkileri, hangi moleküller ve/veya sinyal ileti yolakları üzerinden oluştuğu konusunda çok sayıda araştırma olmasına rağmen henüz tam olarak açıklanamamıştır. Radyasyon hasarlarına ait moleküler düzeyde yapılan çalışmalar, oluşabilecek hasarların erken düzeyde belirlenmesi ve sonrasında önleyici tedavilerin planlanabilmesi açısından çok önemlidir. Bu derleme, radyasyonun hücrede farklı sinyal ileti yolakları ve moleküller üzerinden yaptığı etkileri güncel literatüre bağlı olarak değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır.

The treatment of epilepsy. Recent studies have shown that VPA may have some negative effects on nerve cells, but this issue has not been clarified yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of VPA on DNA damage and apoptosis after pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced epileptic seizure generated in the hippocampus and cortex in rats. In the study, 18 males 230-250 grams of rats were used. Rats are divided into three groups as control (physiological serum 1 ml kg-1 + physiological serum 1 ml kg-1; n=6), PTZ (physiological serum 1 ml kg-1 + PTZ; n=6) and VPA (150 mg kg-1 VPA+PTZ; n=6). Seizure was induced by administering 45 mg kg-1 pentylenetetrazole intraperitoneally twenty minutes after the administration at the indicated doses to the PTZ group and VPA group. The brain tissues of all rats were removed, and cortex and hippocampus areas were separated 24 hours after seizure. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OhDG), which is a DNA damage marker, and caspase-3, which is a marker of apoptosis, were measured in the cortex and hippocampus tissues by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. One-way ANOVA variance analysis was used for statistical evaluation. In the PTZ group, the 8-OhDG level increased in both cortex and hippocampus compared to the control group (p<0.05). Therefore, VPA enhanced the 8-OhDG level after seizure compared to the PTZ group in the cortex and hippocampus (p<0.05). In addition, the level of caspase-3 in the cortex significantly raised compared to the control in the PTZ group (p<0.05). Moreover, VPA significantly improved the level of caspase-3 in the cortex compared to the PTZ group (p<0.05). In conclusion, VPA increased DNA damage and apoptosis after seizures in rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Oral cancers are malignant neoplasms affecting the structures or tissues in the mouth and oral squamous carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of the skin, lips and oral cavity mucous membrane. It has been suggested that Haplophyllumbuxbaumii, which is a perennial herbaceous plant, has antioxidant activity. The aim of this in vitro study is to investigate the anticancer effects of Haplophyllum on oral squamous cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: The effects of Haplophyllumbuxbaumii plant extract on squamous cell carcinoma were evaluated by Cell viability Assay, Total Protein Quantification and by activity of cleaved caspase- 3, Bax and Bcl-2 determined by ELISA method. Results: The results of the tests showed that Haplophyllum extract application reduced the viability of squamous cell carcinoma cells while activating the apoptotic pathway when compared to the controls. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that Haplophyllumbuxbaumii plant extract may have some anticancer potential to contribute to the studies on squamous cell carcinoma therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Restoring blood flow after ischemia is very important for maintaining the viability of ischemic tissue. When ischemic tissue is reperfused, it causes enzyme degradation, excessive increase in reactive oxygen species and secondary injuries such as apoptosis. Melatonin released from the pineal gland is one of the important endogenous antioxidants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on proapoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X (Bax) and antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2I1 (Bcl2I1) and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) levels by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Material and Method: Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups as control, I/R, and I/R+melatonin. The left main coronary artery was occluded for 30 min followed by 120 min reperfusion. Melatonin was administrated by intraperitoneal injection during the last 10 days before I/R. Bax, Bcl2I1 and XIAP levels were analyzed by real time-PCR. Results: The tissue Bax levels increased 1,47 fold while Bcl2I1 and XIAP levels decreased with I/R injury. Melatonin administration showed protection against I/R induced myocardial injury by inhibiting all these changes. Conclusion: Antiapoptotic XIAP and Bcl2I1 and proapoptotic Bax may be involved in signaling pathways in the pathology of myocardial I/R, and the protective role of melatonin may be due to its antiapoptotic activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cisplatin, a common anti-neoplastic drug used in the medical industry for cancer treatment has shown adverse nephrotoxic effects. This research targets to demonstrate the protective measure of eriocitrin, a bioactive flavonoid, against cisptin-induced renal toxicity in rats. Materials and methods: Rats of normal control and model groups were treated with saline whereas experimental groups received oral administration of eriocitrin (25 and 50 mg/kg b.w.) for 10 days and a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg b.w.) was given on the 7th day for all except normal control group. Blood serum, urine, and kidney tissue samples were collected for analysis. Results: Cisptin-induced rats demonstrated significant renal toxicity and damage. Eriocitrin dose-dependently reversed the effects by decreasing the proteinuria in urine, and urea, creatinine, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-a, IL-1ß) in serum. The tissue levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were increased, whereas the levels of tissue DNA fragmentation and serum PARP-1 and Caspase-3 were reduced against model group. Histopathological modulations were supporting the protective effect of eriocitrin. Conclusion: Eriocitrin has significant nephroprotective effects against cisptin-induced renal toxicity by alleviating oxidative stress, preventing apoptosis and DNA damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Firat Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Firat Universitesiu, Saglik Bilimleri Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Firat Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Firat Universitesiu, Saglik Bilimleri Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: We investigated the effects of stem cell therapy as an alternative to surgical methods and medical treatments in endometrial injuries in Asherman syndrome (AS). Materials and Methods: In this study, AS model was created chemically in rats. The bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the tibia and femoral bone of male individuals of the same species (BMDSC) were given to female rats with asherman syndrome and the changes in the endometrium were evaluated by histopathological parameters. Asherman + medium, Asherman + niche, Asherman + BMDSCs, Asherman + BMDSCs + niche were formed in four groups. Results: It was observed that increased endometrial thickness, gland count and vascularization and decreased fibrous areas and apoptotic cell death with regeneration in epithelium and lamina propria in treatment groups. No histopathologic changes were observed in the right uterine horns, which were evaluated as control group. Conclusion: BMDSCs and Niche applications can contribute to the clinic by reducing the formation of adhesion within the mechanisms causing infertility. These positive results are promising in terms of transporting Asherman studies to the clinic. It has been shown that BMDSCs and Niche may contribute to the clinic by treatment with adhesion molecules in mechanisms that cause infertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gyermekgyógyászat is the property of Semmelweis Kiado and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro effects of an antihelminthic drug niclosamide on human ovarian carcinoma cell line OVCAR-3. Methods: MTT assay was applied to investigate the cytotoxic effects of niclosamide on the cells. β-catenin levels in the cells were analyzed by immunocytochemistry, in order to assess the potency of niclosamide on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that function in cell proliferation. The effects of the drug on apoptosis were detected by TUNEL method. All the assays were also performed for chemotherapy agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and anticancer effects of these two drugs were compared. Results: It was found that niclosamide at 1 μM and 2 μM concentrations reduced cell viability, whereas 5-FU showed its significant proliferation inhibitory effect at higher concentrations. Niclosamide led to an increase in apoptosis while this effect was weaker compared with 5-FU. Niclosamide treatment decreased β-catenin staining in the cells significantly but 5-FU did not affect β-catenin levels. Conclusion: The results indicate that niclosamide induces apoptosis and suppresses cell proliferation by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in OVCAR-3 cells. In conclusion, these findings warrant further evaluation of niclosamide as a promising therapy for ovarian cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]