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BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is associated with adverse health outcomes among Asian Americans, who exhibit the least adherence to physical activity guidelines compared with other racial and ethnic groups. Mobile app-based interventions are a promising approach to promote healthy behaviors. However, there is a lack of app-based interventions focused on improving physical activity among Asian Americans whose primary language is not English. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a 5-week intervention using a culturally and linguistically adapted, evidence-based mobile phone app with an accelerometer program, to promote physical activity among Chinese-, Tagalog-, or Vietnamese-speaking Americans. METHODS: Participants were recruited through collaborations with community-based organizations. The intervention was adapted from a 12-month physical activity randomized controlled trial involving the app and accelerometer for English-speaking adults. Sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and physical measurements were collected at the baseline visit. A 7-day run-in period was conducted to screen for the participants who could wear a Fitbit One (Fitbit LLC) accelerometer and complete the apps daily step diary. During the 4-week intervention period, participants wore the accelerometer and reported their daily steps in the app. Participants also received daily messages to reinforce key contents taught during an in-person educational session, remind them to input steps, and provide tailored feedback. Feasibility measures were the percentage of eligible participants completing the run-in period and the percentage of participants who used the app diary for at least 5 out of 7 days during the intervention period. We conducted poststudy participant interviews to explore overall intervention acceptability. RESULTS: A total of 19 participants were enrolled at the beginning of the study with a mean age of 47 (SD 13.3; range 29-70) years, and 58% (n=11) of them were female. Of the participants, 26% (n=5) were Chinese, 32% (n=6) were Vietnamese, and 42% (n=8) were Filipino. All participants met the run-in criteria to proceed with the intervention. Adherence to the app diary ranged from 74% (n=14) in week 2 to 95% (n=18) in week 4. The daily average steps per week from accelerometers increased each week from 8451 (SD 3378) steps during the run-in period to 10,930 (SD 4213) steps in week 4. Participants reported positive experiences including an increased motivation to walk and the enjoyment of being able to monitor their physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first pilot study of a multicomponent intervention and evidence-based mobile phone app to promote physical activity among Asian Americans who use apps in traditional Chinese, Tagalog, or Vietnamese, which demonstrated high feasibility and acceptability. Future work focused on multilingual mobile apps to address disparities in physical inactivity among Asian Americans should be considered.

AbstractThe project aimed to revolutionize home security by developing innovative, user-friendly, and highly secure smart security devices requiring minimal installation and robust data protection. Through meticulous research and critical design phases, the project successfully achieved its objectives, surpassing initial goals and setting new standards for home security.Objectives & Research Findings:The project aimed to address the critical needs of homeowners, tenants/renters, and property managers by focusing on damage-free installation, easy setup, remote monitoring, and encrypted data transmission. Analysis of burglary statistics emphasized the vulnerability of inadequate door-locking mechanisms, while exploration of sensor technologies identified viable options for detecting door status. Patent analysis provided insights into prior art and innovation trends, guiding design decisions and strategies for intellectual property protection.Critical Design Phase & Achievements:Detailed engineering analysis, testing protocols, risk assessment, and compliance considerations were conducted. Hardware components were carefully selected and tested for optimal performance, and housing units were designed for durability and practical installation. Non-invasive sensors facilitated risk-free installation, while battery-powered sensors ensured portability and longevity. Invasive sensor options were developed for permanent home installation, and user-friendly mobile/web applications provided real-time property security status with secure and encrypted data transmission.Future Recommendations & Conclusion:Future recommendations include extending battery life, enhancing data protection measures, implementing a notification system within the application, and ensuring compatibility with other smart home systems. The project demonstrates how innovative security solutions can evolve alongside technology to meet user needs effectively, setting new benchmarks for convenience, flexibility, and data protection in home security systems. Lessons learned will guide future improvements, ensuring continued innovation and user satisfaction.

Cyclic nucleic acids are biologically stable against nucleic acid exonucleases due to the absence of 5′ and 3′ termini. Studies of cyclic nucleic acids mainly focus on cyclic single-stranded nucleic acids. Cyclic single-stranded nucleic acids are further divided into circular RNA (circRNA) and circular single-stranded DNA (cssDNA). The synthesis methods of circRNA include lasso-driven cyclization, intron-paired cyclization, intron cyclization, intron complementary pairing-driven cyclization, RNA-binding protein-driven cyclization, and artificial synthesis depending on the source. Its main role is to participate in gene expression and the treatment of some diseases. Circular single-stranded DNA is mainly synthesized by chemical ligation, template-directed enzyme ligation, and new techniques for the efficient preparation of DNA single loops and topologies based on CircLigase. It is mainly used in rolling circle amplification (RCA) technology and in the bioprotection of circular aptamers and second messengers. This review focuses on the types, synthesis methods, and applications of cyclic single-stranded nucleic acids, providing a reference for further research on cyclic single-stranded nucleic acids. • Circular single-stranded nucleic acids can be divided into circular single-stranded DNA (cssDNA) and circular RNA (circRNA). • Using circRNA is a new intervention of PKR related autoimmune diseases. • Natural circRNA can act as a miRNA sponge to regulate its activity. • Golden Gate assembly can generate user-defined cssDNA. • CssDNA can be used as a biosensor to detect Marine toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Meat is widely regarded as the optimal source of protein for human consumption. However, meat is susceptible to spoilage and microbial contamination throughout processing, transportation and storage stages. Traditional thermal processing techniques are commonly employed in the global meat industry. While these methods ensure microbiological safety, they may also impact the sensory and functional attributes of meat products. To address these limitations, non‐thermal processing technologies are progressively replacing conventional thermal approaches. This review will primarily focus on the potential application of non‐thermal processing technologies as alternatives to traditional methods in meat and meat product processing. Various technologies exhibiting promising performance in this field will be presented. Additionally, the mechanisms, advantages and limitations of these non‐thermal technologies in recent years will be summarised, along with a discussion on the challenges and prospects they present. This study provides an overview of non‐thermal processing technology specifically applied to meat products, emphasising the underlying mechanisms associated with different approaches. By employing diverse technical combinations, it is possible to address existing processing limitations and expand their applicability range. Non‐thermal processing technology demonstrates significant potential for enhancing meat processing practices; however, concerns regarding safety aspects and limited clinical verification about to environmental pollution have impeded its widespread adoption within the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The chemical structures and botanical diversity of aporphine alkaloids (AAs) are elucidated. • Pharmacokinetics and safety of AAs in animals and clinical trials are highlighted. • Some of AAs exhibit potent anticancer activities. • Treatment with AAs alone or a synergistic treatment with metal/clinical therapeutic drugs shows initial therapeutic promise. • AAs is the potential ingredient to develop the functional food containing plant-derived AA and the clinical application of AAs. Cancer is the most common cause of death and is still a serious public health problem. Alkaloids, a class of bioactive compounds widely diffused in plants, especially Chinese herbs, are used as functional ingredients, precursors, and lead compounds in food and clinical applications. Among them, aporphine alkaloids (AAs), as an important class of isoquinoline alkaloids, exert a strong anticancer effect on multiple cancer types. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability of seven subtypes of AAs and their derivatives from various plants and highlight their anticancer bioactivities and mechanisms of action. Key Scientific Concepts of Review. The chemical structures and botanical diversity of AAs are elucidated, and promising results are highlighted regarding the potent anticancer activities of AAs and their derivatives, contributing to their pharmacological benefits. This work provides a better understanding of AAs and combinational anticancer therapies involving them, thereby improving the development of functional food containing plant-derived AA and the clinical application of AAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The recurrent contaminations of feed materials with mycotoxigenic fungi can endanger both farmed animals and humans. Biosynthesized nanomaterials are assumingly the ideal agents to overcome fungal invasion in feed/foodstuffs, especially when utilizing sustainable sources for synthesis. Herein, the phycosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) was targeted using Cystoseira myrica algal extract (CE), and the conjugation of CE/SeNPs with chitosan nanoparticles (NCt) to produce potential antifungal nanocomposites for controlling Aspergillus flavus isolates in fish feed. RESULTS: The phycosynthesis of SeNPs with CE was effectually carried out and validated using visible/UV analysis, X‐ray diffraction and transmission microscopy; CE/SeNPs had diameters of 8.7 nm and spherical shapes. NCt/CE/SeNPs nanocomposite (173.3 nm mean diameter) was achieved and the component interactions were validated via infrared spectroscopic analysis. The antifungal assessment of screened nanomaterials against three Aspergillus flavus strains indicated that NCt/CE/SeNPs exceeded the fluconazole action using qualitative/quantitative assays. Severe alteration/distortions in A. flavus mycelial structure and morphology were microscopically observed within 48 h of NCt/CE/SeNPs treatment. The treatment of feed ingredients (crushed corn and feed powder) by blending with nanomaterials (NCt, CE/SeNPs and NCt/CE/SeNPs) led to significant reduction in A. flavus count/growth after storage for 7 days; NCt/CE/SeNPs could completely inhibit any fungal growth in feed material. CONCLUSION: The pioneering phycosynthesis of CE/SeNPs and their nanoconjugation with NCt generated bioactive antifungal agents to control A. flavus strains. The innovatively constructed NCt/CE/SeNPs nanocomposite is advised for application as an effectual, biosafe and natural fungicidal conjugate for the protection of fish feed from mycotoxigenic fungi. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sharing economy is a modern digitalized alternative to traditional economic relationships and is developing and growing dynamically. The most positive evidence suggests that the sharing economy could match the traditional market economy in terms of the volume of transactions. Globally, the main sharing economy markets are China, the USA and Europe, and within the EU consumer interest in sharing services is high as 52% are aware of sharing options and 17% have used them at least once. According to data, the most developed sharing subsectors in the EU are shared accommodation and shared mobility. As these are the main sub-sectors also in the tourism industry, it is obvious that the sharing economy has entered the tourism industry and is rearranging the traditional tourist business. Therefore, the main purpose of the current study is to investigate the tourism application perspectives of the sharing economy on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast as the latter is the highest developed tourist area in Bulgaria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) as a promising future power generation system stems from their eco-friendly nature and their safety for human consumption of ethanol fuels, aligning with the requirements of SDG-7. Furthermore, DEFCs offer extensive design flexibility, ranging from single-cell configurations to large multi-cell setups suitable for various applications such as portable devices, transportation, and stationary power systems. This versatility has led to a surge in research and development efforts from both academia and industry. However, the fundamental barrier to the widespread commercialization of DEFCs lies in obtaining high-activity redox reactions of catalysts, which involve ethanol oxidation and oxygen reduction. Conventional platinum-based catalysts are vulnerable to poisoning from intermediate species produced during ethanol oxidation. This review provides a detailed assessment of current catalyst modifications in DEFCs, focusing on material catalyst improvements in catalyst characterization and electrocatalytic activity to enhance overall cell performance. Thus, this research focuses on exploring updated modifications of catalyst materials that are robust, durable, and possess high catalytic activity, thereby aiding the redox reactions involved in ethanol energy conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Zhengzhou University (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Journal of Zhengzhou University (Natural Science Edition) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to effectively utilize data for laboratory management, a laboratory management model was studied, the author proposed a data-driven intelligent laboratory management process and logical architecture. For actual management work, there are mainly two types of operations: "Selection" and "action", the author proposes a data-driven laboratory intelligent management process and logical architecture; Based on the idea of big data, label systems are used to classify and store laboratory related data and laboratory evaluation GBDT and other algorithmic models; Building an intelligent laboratory management platform based on the label system has realized laboratory management functions, which are widely used and highly scalable. This data-driven laboratory intelligent management platform plays a role in the entire life cycle of laboratories, including laboratory demonstration construction, construction process management, experimental teaching and open use, operation management and maintenance, and experimental effect evaluation, and can promote the maximum effectiveness of laboratories, provide strong support for later construction project approval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modern academic world can hardly boast of substantial research on how people become loyal to businesses thanks to TikTok. The current research seeks to add some knowledge to the field by exploring the impact that TikTok services' quality and satisfaction from using it have on Russian and Chinese users' loyalty to opinion leaders in this social network. The analysis of research data collected from the survey of 400 TikTok users was done by means of the partial least squares structural equation modeling method. This allowed obtaining results that confirmed that e-service quality significantly and positively affects users' e-satisfaction and loyalty to opinion leaders. E-satisfaction was found to affect loyalty and mediate the relationship between loyalty and e-service quality significantly and positively. This study provides a number of practical recommendations for brands and businesses interested in promoting their products or services through TikTok. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Precisely estimating the probability of mental health challenges among college students is pivotal for facilitating timely intervention and preventative measures. However, to date, no specific artificial intelligence (AI) models have been reported to effectively forecast severe mental distress. This study aimed to develop and validate an advanced AI tool for predicting the likelihood of severe mental distress in college students. Methods: A total of 2088 college students from five universities were enrolled in this study. Participants were randomly divided into a training group (80%) and a validation group (20%). Various machine learning models, including logistic regression (LR), extreme gradient boosting machine (eXGBM), decision tree (DT), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM), were employed and trained in this study. Model performance was evaluated using 11 metrics, and the highest scoring model was selected. In addition, external validation was conducted on 751 participants from three universities. The AI tool was then deployed as a web-based AI application. Results: Among the models developed, the eXGBM model achieved the highest area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.932 (95% CI: 0.911–0.949), closely followed by RF with an AUC of 0.927 (95% CI: 0.905–0.943). The eXGBM model demonstrated superior performance in accuracy (0.850), precision (0.824), recall (0.890), specificity (0.810), F1 score (0.856), Brier score (0.103), log loss (0.326), and discrimination slope (0.598). The eXGBM model also received the highest score of 60 based on the evaluation scoring system, while RF achieved a score of 49. The scores of LR, DT, and SVM were only 19, 32, and 36, respectively. External validation yielded an impressive AUC value of 0.918. Conclusions: The AI tool demonstrates promising predictive performance for identifying college students at risk of severe mental distress. It has the potential to guide intervention strategies and support early identification and preventive measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) can exhibit different properties in different situations, such as non-emission and highly fluorescent in the dissolved state of the molecule and in the aggregate or solid state, respectively. This property of AIE is distinguished from aggregation-induced quenching (ACQ) or even the opposite. Combining the AIE phenomenon with different polymers yields different polymers with corresponding AIE properties. In this paper, the mechanism, synthesis, branching and application of AIE in the fields of optoelectronic functional materials, sensors, biology, and environment are reviewed. It is hoped that this review will stimulate more research on molecular aggregates and promote further cross-fertilisation and greater development in the disciplines of materials, chemistry and biomedicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boron difluoride (BF2) complexes with asymmetrical N,N'‐bidentate ligands have received increasing attention due to their fascinating properties and broad applications. They are generally constructed in two steps: ligand formation, followed by boron complexation. This review focuses on categorizing these BF2 complexes based on the key synthetic strategies that have been applied in the ligand formation steps. The post‐functionalization, properties and applications of different types of BF2 complexes are presented. Their challenges and opportunities are also discussed. This should help the future rational design and synthesis of BF2 complexes with intriguing properties and practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zizania latifolia is an aquatic and medicinal plant with a long history of development in China and the East Asian region. The smut fungus "Ustilago esculenta" parasitizes Z. latifolia and induces culm expansion to form a vegetable named Jiaobai, which has a unique taste and nutritional attributes. However, the postharvest quality of water bamboo shoots is still a big challenge for farmers and merchants. This paper traced the origin, development process, and morphological characteristics of Z. latifolia. Subsequently, the compilation of the primary nutrients and bioactive substances are presented in context to their effects on ecology a postharvest storage and preservation methods. Furthermore, the industrial, environmental, and material science applications of Z. latifolia in the fields of industry were discussed. Finally, the primary objective of the review proposes future directions for research to support the development of Z. latifolia industry and aid in maximizing its value. To sum up, Z. latifolia, aside from its potential as material it can be utilized to make different productions and improve the existing applications. This paper provides an emerging strategy for researchers undertaking Z. latifolia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ergothioneine (EGT) is a high-value natural sulfur-containing amino acid and has been shown to possess extremely potent antioxidant and cytoprotective activities. At present, EGT has been widely used in food, functional food, cosmetics, medicine, and other industries, but its low yield is still an urgent problem to overcome. This review briefly introduced the biological activities and functions of EGT, and expounded its specific applications in food, functional food, cosmetic, and medical industries, introduced and compared the main production methods of EGT and respective biosynthetic pathways in different microorganisms. Furthermore, the use of genetic and metabolic engineering methods to improve EGT production was discussed. In addition, the incorporation of some food-derived EGT-producing strains into fermentation process will allow the EGT to act as a new functional factor in the fermented foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), once considered transcriptional noise, have emerged as critical regulators of gene expression and key players in cancer biology. Recent breakthroughs have revealed that certain lncRNAs can encode small open reading frame (sORF)-derived peptides, which are now understood to contribute to the pathogenesis of various cancers. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the detection, functional roles, and clinical implications of lncRNA-encoded peptides in cancer. We discuss technological advancements in the detection and validation of sORFs, including ribosome profiling and mass spectrometry, which have facilitated the discovery of these peptides. The functional roles of lncRNA-encoded peptides in cancer processes such as gene transcription, translation regulation, signal transduction, and metabolic reprogramming are explored in various types of cancer. The clinical potential of these peptides is highlighted, with a focus on their utility as diagnostic biomarkers, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic targets. The challenges and future directions in translating these findings into clinical practice are also discussed, including the need for large-scale validation, development of sensitive detection methods, and optimization of peptide stability and delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, wide bandgap semiconductor materials have shown great potential in the field of optoelectronic devices, and have received more and more research and attention. Zinc gallate (ZnGa2O4) is a wide bandgap semiconductor material, showing broad application prospects in the fields of solar-blind ultraviolet photoelectric detection and X-ray detection for its wide bandgap, unique structure and good thermal stability. In this paper, based on the basic structural characteristics of ZnGa2O4, the bandgap, photoelectric properties of ZnGa2 O4, the preparation methods of ZnGa2O4 bulk single crystal and thin film are introduced in detail. Combined with the recent research results of domestic and foreign scholars, the application prospects of ZnGa2 O4 in many fields are summarized, especially the research progress of solar-blind ultraviolet photoelectric detection, memristor, X-ray detection and power devices. Finally, the future development direction of ZnGa2O4 is prospected, and it is pointed out that the quality and performance of ZnGa2O4materials can be further improved to improve device performance and meet higher level application requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amid environmental pollution and resource depletion, developing and utilizing biomass resources as alternatives to petroleum is a prominent research focus. Driven by environmental protection and sustainable development, the shift from petroleum-based to bio-based polyurethane is a prevailing trend in polyurethane material development. Biomass sources such as vegetable oil, polysaccharides, and lignin offer extensive application prospects in bio-based polyurethane production. Functional modifications of these polyurethanes can further expand their application range. This article explores the preparation of various bio-based polyurethanes, their applications across different fields, and their anticipated future development and uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conductive hydrogels, known for their flexibility, biocompatibility, and conductivity, have found extensive applications in fields such as healthcare, environmental monitoring, and soft robotics. Recent advancements in 3D printing technologies have transformed the fabrication of conductive hydrogels, creating new opportunities for sensing applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements in the fabrication and application of 3D-printed conductive hydrogel sensors. First, the basic principles and fabrication techniques of conductive hydrogels are briefly reviewed. We then explore various 3D printing methods for conductive hydrogels, discussing their respective strengths and limitations. The review also summarizes the applications of 3D-printed conductive hydrogel-based sensors. In addition, perspectives on 3D-printed conductive hydrogel sensors are highlighted. This review aims to equip researchers and engineers with insights into the current landscape of 3D-printed conductive hydrogel sensors and to inspire future innovations in this promising field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis and application of organoselenium compounds have developed rapidly, and chiral organoselenium compounds have become an important intermediate in the field of medicine, materials, organic synthesis. The strategy of developing a green economy is still a challenge in the synthesis of chiral organoselenium compounds with enantioselective properties. This review covers in detail the synthesis of chiral organoselenium compounds from 1979 to 2024 and their application in the fields of asymmetric synthesis and catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of renewable energy, photovoltaic energy storage systems (PV-ESS) play an important role in improving energy efficiency, ensuring grid stability and promoting energy transition. As an important part of the micro-grid system, the energy storage system can realize the stable operation of the micro-grid system through the design optimization and scheduling optimization of the photovoltaic energy storage system. The structure and characteristics of photovoltaic energy storage system are summarized. From the perspective of photovoltaic energy storage system, the optimization objectives and constraints are discussed, and the current main optimization algorithms for energy storage systems are compared and evaluated. The challenges and future development of energy storage systems are briefly described, and the research results of energy storage system optimization methods are summarized. This paper summarizes the application of swarm intelligence optimization algorithm in photovoltaic energy storage systems, including algorithm principles, optimization goals, practical application cases, challenges and future development directions, providing new ideas for better promotion and application of new energy photovoltaic energy storage systems and valuable reference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND RESULTS CONCLUSION Research on the co‐production of multiple enzymes by Bacillus velezensis as a novel species is still a topic that needs to be studied. This study aimed to investigate the fermentation characteristics of B. velezensis D6 co‐producing α‐amylase and protease and to explore their enzymatic properties and applications in fermentation.The maximum co‐production of α‐amylase and protease reached 13.13 ± 0.72 and 2106.63 ± 64.42 U mL−1, respectively, under the optimal fermented conditions (nutrients: 20.0 g L−1 urea, 20.0 g L−1 glucose, 0.7 g L−1 MnCl2; incubation conditions: initial pH 7.0, temperature 41 °C, 8% inoculation size and 30% working volume). Moreover, the genetic co‐expression of α‐amylase and protease increased from 0 to 24 h and then decreased after 36 h at the transcriptional level, which coincided with the growth trend of B. velezensis D6. The optimal reaction temperature of α‐amylase was 55–60 °C, while that of protease was 35–40 °C. The activities of α‐amylase and protease were retained by over 80% after thermal treatment (90 °C, 1 h), which indicated that two enzymes co‐produced by B. velezensis D6 demonstrated excellent thermal stability. Moreover, the two enzymes were stable over a wide pH range (pH 4.0–8.0 for α‐amylase; pH 4.0–9.0 for protease). Finally, the degrees of hydrolysis of corn, rice, sorghum and soybeans by α‐amylase from B. velezensis D6 reached 44.95 ± 2.95%, 57.16 ± 2.75%, 52.53 ± 4.01% and 20.53 ± 2.42%, respectively, suggesting an excellent hydrolysis effect on starchy raw materials. The hydrolysis degrees of mackerel heads and soybeans by protease were 43.93 ± 2.19% and 26.38 ± 1.72%, respectively, which suggested that the protease from B. velezensis D6 preferentially hydrolyzed animal‐based protein.This is a systematic study on the co‐production of α‐amylase and protease by B. velezensis D6, which is crucial in widening the understanding of this species co‐producing multi‐enzymes and in exploring its potential application. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The endometrium undergoes cyclical changes in response to hormones and there is a certain degree of heterogeneity among individuals. In vivo identification of the physiologic changes of the endometrium and the pathologic process of related diseases is challenging. There have been recent advances in the use of organoids that mimic the characteristics of the corresponding organs and the morphologic, functional, and personalized characteristics involved in different stages of diseases. In this paper, we discuss the process of creating endometrial organoids, cell sources, types of extracellular matrices, and their application in the study of physiologic endometrial states and various diseases. Synopsis: The paper explores endometrial organoids, their use in studying physiologic states and diseases, and recent advancements in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers as a support material for enzyme immobilization has gained significant attention in recent years due to their high stability, ease of preparation, and enhanced catalytic activity. However, a major challenge in utilizing these hybrid nanoflowers for enzyme immobilization is the difficulty in handling and separating them due to their low density and high dispersion. To address this issue, magnetic nanoflowers have emerged as a promising alternative enzyme immobilization platform due to their easy separation, structural stability, and ability to enhance catalytic efficiency. This review focuses on different methods for designing magnetic nanoflowers, as well as future research directions. Additionally, it provides examples of enzymes immobilized in the form of magnetic nanoflowers and their applications in environmental remediation, biosensors, and food industries. Finally, the review discusses possible ways to improve the material for enhanced catalytic activity, structural stability, and scalability. The magnetic hybrid nanoflowers embedded with enzymes exhibit superior catalytic activity, excellent stability, and ease of separation which can be used in a wide range of applications. Magnetic nanoflowers can be used as a novel platform for enzyme immobilization. There are three different approaches to the synthesis of efficient magnetic nanoflower. The magnetic nanoflowers provides excellent stability and good reusability of enzymes. The hybrid biocatalyst was applied in biotransformation, environmental, and food applications. The challenges and their remedies of hybrid biocatalyst have been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ChatGPT's remarkable ability to produce academic texts has generated significant interest in educational and academic circles. This study provides a specific overview of ChatGPT's current usage and explores its potential applications, limitations, and implications in English academic writing for EFL students, who often face challenges in language proficiency, content organization, and critical thinking. Using a mixed-methods research approach, this study employed a CSE-based questionnaire and focus group interviews to investigate how ChatGPT can empower academic writing strategies (WS) and how respondents perceive its assistance. Data was collected from 60 Chinese university juniors majoring in English. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Findings indicate that ChatGPT can help students apply academic WS more effectively by comprehending research trends, generating writing outlines, enriching writing content, synthesizing literature, and refining papers. However, issues such as potential plagiarism, inaccurate output, improper citations, and the digital gap between users and non-users must be addressed. The study suggests that while ChatGPT-empowered writing can better equip academic WS in planning, composing, and revising, respectively, it is crucial to scrutinize the quality of AI-generated texts. Further research will be urgently expected regarding ChatGPT's long-term impact on academic integrity, the development of educational policies for ethical AI use, and the integration of ChatGPT into pedagogical approaches to enhance EFL students' writing and critical thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rolling Stock (1002-7602) is the property of Rolling Stock Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Materials Engineering / Cailiao Gongcheng is the property of Journal of Materials Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To further promote the pretreatment technique, the immunoaffinity column (IAC), immunoaffinity magnetic (IAM) and multi-component immunoaffinity magnetic (multi-IAM) for mycotoxins were developed and evaluated systematically. Anti-mycotoxin-McAbs had immobilized on the CNBr-Sepharose 4B, carboxyl magnetic bead and protein G magnetic bead to prepare the IAC/IAM/multi-IAM, respectively. The capture efficiencies of mycotoxins (100 ng) reached 92.8% for IAC and exceeded 94.0% for IAM/multi-IAM. The multi-IAM showed more beneficial features in multiple targets, pretreatment time and recycling time than IAC/IAM, which could simultaneously pretreat AFB1/DON/ZEN in 15 min with three recycling times. The recoveries of IAC/IAM/multi-IAM coupled with ELISA ranged from 85.2 to 105.1%, with RSD between 4.0 and 13.2%. Moreover, the mycotoxin-positive authentic samples were detected from 1.1 to 749.6 ng/g by ELISA, and 1.2 to 762.7 ng/g by LC-MS/MS, with correlated R2 exceeding 0.9955. The proposed IAC/IAM/multi-IAM owned the desired performance, such as specificity, accuracy, simpleness, efficiency, cost-effectiveness, simultaneity and environmentally friendly. This study can provide the theoretical basis for three immunoaffinity pretreatment techniques systematically, which may guide their application under different requirements and scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, wide bandgap semiconductor materials have shown great potential in the field of optoelectronic devices, and have received more and more research and attention. Zinc gallate (ZnGa2O4) is a wide bandgap semiconductor material, showing broad application prospects in the fields of solar-blind ultraviolet photoelectric detection and X-ray detection for its wide bandgap, unique structure and good thermal stability. In this paper, based on the basic structural characteristics of ZnGa2O4, the bandgap, photoelectric properties of ZnGa2 O4, the preparation methods of ZnGa2O4 bulk single crystal and thin film are introduced in detail. Combined with the recent research results of domestic and foreign scholars, the application prospects of ZnGa2 O4 in many fields are summarized, especially the research progress of solar-blind ultraviolet photoelectric detection, memristor, X-ray detection and power devices. Finally, the future development direction of ZnGa2O4 is prospected, and it is pointed out that the quality and performance of ZnGa2O4materials can be further improved to improve device performance and meet higher level application requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Condiment is the property of China Condiment and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Plant growth, yield, and distribution are significantly impacted by abiotic stresses, affecting global ecosystems and forestry practices. However, plants have evolved complex adaptation mechanisms governed by numerous genes and transcription factors (TFs) to manage these stresses. Among these, bZIP (basic leucine zipper) is a crucial regulator orchestrating morphological adaptations. This review aims to elucidate the multifaceted roles of bZIP TFs in plant species. We discuss the morphological changes induced by stress stimuli and the pivotal functions of bZIP TFs in mediating these responses. While several publications have explored the mechanisms of bZIP TFs in response to abiotic stresses, this review delves into the intricate regulatory networks, summarizing alternative splicing and post-translational modifications, signaling networks interacting with bZIP TFs, and genetic engineering of bZIP TFs. By synthesizing current research, this review provides an updated discussion on bZIP interactions with other proteins to regulate stresses such as cold, heat, drought, and salt. Additionally, it offers avenues for future research and applications of bZIP TFs to improve abiotic stress resilience in plants through genetic engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research investigates how a mobile-based archive application and digital literacy impact pre-service administrators' understanding of the smart village concept in rural governance. It uses a quantitative approach with a questionnaire given to 100 pre-service administrators to evaluate their attitudes towards these factors. Validity and reliability tests were conducted as part of the data analysis, and the data were assessed for normality assumption. The data were then analyzed using a multiple linear regression model. The coefficient of determination, which is 99.3%, suggests that nearly all variables related to the smart village concept can be explained through the archive application and digital literacy variables. Furthermore, the mobile-based archive application and digital literacy have a positive and significant impact on understanding the smart village concept, both simultaneously (0.000<0.05) and partially (0.000<0.05). We found a negative t value (-5.739) for the understanding of the smart village concept, which can be improved through the mobile-based archive application (9.299) and digital literacy (6.538) variables. The implications from these findings indicate that pre-service administrators in rural governance recognize the need for improvement in their understanding of the smart village concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Continue Education Research is the property of Harbin Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the migrasome concept was first proposed in 2015, extensive research has been conducted on these novel organelles, which grow on retracted fibers at the posterior end of migrating cells. Recently, molecular markers, biological functions, and clinical values based on the initial formation mechanism of migrasomes have emerged. Additionally, researchers are recognizing the significant role that migrasomes play in the pathological and diagnostic processes of clinical diseases. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the biology and clinical application of migrasomes and provide a comprehensive view of the prospective challenges surrounding their clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yersinia (Y.) enterocolitica is an important foodborne pathogenic species that is mainly transmitted by the consumption of contaminated meat, particularly pork. To combat the bacteria along the food chain, the application of strictly lytic phages may be a promising tool. As the temperatures in the gut of animals and during food processing can differ significantly, a phage cocktail intended to be used for applications should comprise phages that are active at various temperatures. In this study, we isolated and characterized three phages with a myoviridal morphology (vB_YenM_P8, vB_YenM_P744 and vB_YenM_P778), which lysed the most important Y. enterocolitica serotypes O:3, O:9 and O:5,27 at a low multiplicity of infection (MOI) and at low temperatures down to 6◦C. While vB_YenM_P8 is a member of the T4 family, vB_YenM_P744 and vB_YenM_P778 are novel phages that do not show relationship to known phages. The three phages were mixed in a cocktail with the already described phages vB_YenM_P281 and vB_YenP_Rambo. The cocktail revealed a strong lytic activity and lysed a mixture of Y. enterocolitica serotypes at room temperature (RT) within few hours with a reduction of up to 4.8 log10 units. Moreover, at even lower temperatures the mixture was significantly reduced after incubation overnight. The strongest reductions were determined at 6◦C (4.0 log10 units) suggesting that the cocktail can lyse the psychrophilic Y. enterocolitica also during food processing. To determine possible phage resistance, 100 colonies that survived the infection by the phages were isolated and analysed regarding their serotype and phage susceptibility. Most isolates belonged to serotype O:9, but all of them were still sensitive to at least one phage of the cocktail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Central nervous system Infections (CNSIs) is a disease characterized by complex pathogens, rapid disease progression, high mortality rate and high disability rate. Here, we evaluated the clinical value of metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) in the diagnosis of central nervous system infections and explored the factors affecting the results of mNGS. We conducted a retrospective study to compare mNGS with conventional methods including culture, smear and etc. 111 suspected CNS infectious patients were enrolled in this study, and clinical data were recorded. Chi-square test were used to evaluate independent binomial variables, taking p < 0.05 as statistically significant threshold. Of the 111 enrolled cases, 57.7% (64/111) were diagnosed with central nervous system infections. From these cases, mNGS identified 39.6% (44/111) true-positive cases, 7.2% (8/111) false-positive case, 35.1% (39/111) true-negative cases, and 18.0% (20/111) false-negative cases. The sensitivity and specificity of mNGS were 68.7% (44/64) and 82.9% (39/47), respectively. Compared with culture, mNGS provided a higher pathogen detection rate in CNSIs patients (68.7% (44/64) vs. 26.5% (17/64), p < 0.0001). Compared to conventional methods, positive percent agreement and negative percent agreement was 84.60% (44/52) and 66.1% (39/59) separately. At a species-specific read number (SSRN) ≥ 2, mNGS performance in the diagnosis of definite viral encephalitis and/or meningitis was optimal (area under the curve [AUC] 0.758, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.663–0.854). In bacterial CNSIs patients with significant CSF abnormalities (CSF WBC > 300*106/L), the positive rate of CSF mNGS is higher. To sum up, conventional microbiologic testing is insufficient to detect all neuroinvasive pathogens, and mNGS exhibited satisfactory diagnostic performance in CNSIs and with an overall detection rate higher than culture (p < 0.0001). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zeolitic Imidazole Frameworks (ZIFs) have recently appeared as a new class of nonporous materials featuring notable physicochemical properties. In particular, ZIFs with core-shell structures have drawn a great deal of attention from research communities owing to their unique features, including superior specific surface area, high porosity content, extraordinary thermal, chemical, and structural stability, feasible synthesis conditions in a mild reaction, and facile growth on external surfaces of core nanostructures. This growth facilitates the synthesis of core/shell hybrid materials, which contain both organic (2-MIM) and inorganic (metal nodes) groups. As a structural advantage, the core/shell configuration favorably promotes the potential implementation of ZIFs in various functional fields, e.g. catalysis, drug delivery, adsorption, separation, and purification applications. The current review investigates recent advances in synthesizing and applying ZIFs with core-shell structures. This research review is divided into four parts. The first part overviews synthesis methods for ZIFs and discusses these nanostructures’ structural and material characteristics. The second part summarizes recent achievements and findings on synthesizing different types of ZIFs featuring core-shell structures. In the third part, potential applications of these novel nanostructured materials are presented, and their features are summarized in the final part. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal-free, low-cost, organic photocatalytic graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has become a promising and impressive material in numerous scientific fields due to its unique physical and chemical properties. As a semiconductor with a suitable band gap of ~2.7 eV, g-C3N4 is an active photocatalytic material even after irradiation with visible light. However, information regarding the toxicity of g-C3N4 is not extensively documented and there is not a comprehensive understanding of its potential adverse effects on human health or the environment. In this context, the term "toxicity" can be perceived in both a positive and a negative light, depending on whether it serves as a benefit or poses a potential risk. This review shows the applications of g-C3N4 in sensorics, electrochemistry, photocatalysis, and biomedical approaches while pointing out the potential risks of its toxicity, especially in human and environmental health. Finally, the future perspective of g-C3N4 research is addressed, highlighting the need for a comprehensive understanding of the toxicity of this material to provide safe and effective applications in various fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to a wide band gap and large exciton binding energy, zinc oxide (ZnO) is currently receiving much attention in various areas, and can be prepared in various forms including nanorods, nanowires, nanoflowers, and so on. The reliability of ZnO produced by a single dopant is unstable, which in turn promotes the development of co-doping techniques. Co-doping is a very promising technique to effectively modulate the optical, electrical, magnetic, and photocatalytic properties of ZnO, as well as the ability to form various structures. In this paper, the important advances in co-doped ZnO nanomaterials are summarized, as well as the preparation of co-doped ZnO nanomaterials by using different methods, including hydrothermal, solvothermal, sol-gel, and acoustic chemistry. In addition, the wide range of applications of co-doped ZnO nanomaterials in photocatalysis, solar cells, gas sensors, and biomedicine are discussed. Finally, the challenges and future prospects in the field of co-doped ZnO nanomaterials are also elucidated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic bonds can facilitate reversible formation and dissociation of connections in response to external stimuli, endowing materials with shape memory and self-healing capabilities. Temperature is an external stimulus that can be easily controlled through heat. Dynamic covalent bonds in response to temperature can reversibly connect, exchange, and convert chains in the polymer. In this review, we introduce dynamic covalent bonds that operate without catalysts in various temperature ranges. The basic bonding mechanism and the kinetics are examined to understand dynamic covalent chemistry reversibly performed by equilibrium control. Furthermore, a recent synthesis method that implements dynamic covalent coupling based on various polymers is introduced. Dynamic covalent bonds that operate depending on temperature can be applied and expand the use of polymers, providing predictions for the development of future smart materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]