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Purpose: Digital innovation requires organizations to reconfigure their information technology infrastructure (ITI) to cultivate creativity and implement fast experimentation. This research inquiries into ITI generativity, an emerging concept demoting a critical ITI capability for organizational digital innovation. More specifically, it conceptualizes ITI generativity across two dimensions—namely, systems and applications infrastructure (SAI) generativity and data analytics infrastructure (DAI) generativity—and examines their respective social and technical antecedents and their impact on digital innovation. Design/methodology/approach: This research formulates a theoretical model to investigate the social and technical antecedents along with innovation outcomes of ITI generativity. To test this model and its associated hypotheses, a survey was administered to IT professionals possessing knowledge of their organization's IT architecture and digital innovation performance. The dataset, comprising responses from 140 organizations, was analyzed using the partial least squares technique. Findings: Results reveal that both dimensions of ITI generativity contribute to digital innovation performance, with the effect of DAI generativity being more pronounced. In addition, SAI and DAI generativities are driven by social and technical factors within an organization. More specifically, SAI generativity is positively associated with the usage of a digital application services platform and IT human resources, whereas DAI generativity is positively linked to the usage of a data analytics services platform, data analytics services usability and data analytics human resources. Originality/value: This research contributes to the literature on digital innovation by introducing ITI generativity as a crucial ITI capability and deciphering its role in digital innovation. It also offers useful insights and guidance for practitioners on how to build ITIs to achieve better digital innovation performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Remote Sensing is the property of Editorial Office of Journal of Remote Sensing & Science Publishing Co. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Big data can be utilized to realize the full development, utilization, sharing, and safety protection of alpine grassland resources. Taking Qinghai Province as an example, this study determined the data characteristics of alpine grassland resources and the requirements of the alpine grassland resource supervision business in order to formulate an alpine grassland resource database standard. XML （Extensible makeup language）technology was used to achieve unified data conversion. A unified management and control alpine grassland resource database was constructed using the Oracle and ArcGIS platforms. In this paper, the application of the alpine grassland resource database for grassland supervision was explained. This research overcomes the difficulties of poor independence and poor sharing of traditional data management, provides comprehensive and highly shared data support and technical support for alpine grassland management, and accelerates the process of informatization of alpine grassland resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Near field radiated power density measured by both E and H field probes. • Real life operating situations considered for correct exposure assessment. • Highest exposure expected at using 4G+ as compared to 3G+. • CCDF measurements provide realistic representation of user exposure profiles. In this article, an original method to assess the radiated power density of the near field in the immediate vicinity of mobile terminals using both electric and magnetic field strengths determination is proposed. The complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) is used for the first time to assess exposure. A demonstration of the CCDF's capabilities for providing a realistic representation of different wireless communication usage profiles is provided. Following the methodology description, an experimental setup was designed and a measurement campaign was conducted on a mobile terminal. The exposure assessment was performed for real life operating situations by selecting seven common application services used by mobile subscribers. For 4G+ communication technologies the near field power density is the highest during file upload, followed by VoIP, video call, file download, streaming services and browsing. For 3G+ networks the higher to lower power density values were associated with: file upload, file download, streaming, VoIP, video call and browsing services. The total near field radiated power density was found to be on average 34 times higher for the tested applications running in the 4G+ as compared to the 3G+, with values ranging from 180 times - during file upload, down to 1.2 times - during video streaming. Significantly higher radiated power densities were emitted while using VoIP and video call on 4G+ network as compared to 3G+ network. Present results strongly suggest that higher exposure is expected for the same application running under 4G+ rather than under 3G+. By applying an original procedure, it has been experimentally highlighted that different generations of communication technologies will lead to different exposure shapes in amplitude and in time, suggesting a future need for introducing the dose rate quantification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of present research was the experimental characterization of the radiated power and its dynamics in the near-field of mobile terminal during its use in various voice and data application services belonging to either Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) or Long-term Evolution (LTE) communication technologies. The quantification of the realistic electromagnetic exposure of human user was done by offering a complementary, non-standardized method that enables a comprehensive dosimetric understanding of radiation impact. Statistical analysis was applied over the radiated power levels measured in different wireless communication situations followed by average and worst case exposure highlighting. Highest power levels were measured for uploading-type applications running under both UMTS and LTE networks. Among UMTS voice application services, VoIP-radiated power levels were on average 1.4 higher than those for VoCS services. The multiplication factor of the radiated power in LTE vs. UMTS was in average 15.3, ranging from 9.3 up to 31.6, depending on the considered application service. Present results demonstrate that highest exposure is expected for the same application type when running under LTE rather than under UMTS standard. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

First part points out the main differences between temporal and non-temporal databases. In the second part, based on identification of the three main categories of time involved in database applications: user-defined time, valid time and transaction time, some relevant solutions for their implementation are discussed, mainly from the point of view of database organization and data access level of enterprise applications. The final part is dedicated to the influences of historical data in the business logic and presentation levels of enterprise applications and in application services, as security, workflow, reporting.

The core Internet technologies were in the hands of the research community 10 or more years before the World Wide Web happened and popularized the Internet as a place to find information, access service, and trade. The Infrared Data Association has been in existence for over six years. Products embedding the communication technology the IrDA defines have been around for over five years, starting with printers and portable PCs. IrDA is cheap to embed, uses unregulated spectrum, and is increasingly pervasive in a wide range of devices. From its roots in portable PCs and printers, IrDA technology is present in virtually all new PDAs, it is emerging in mobile phones, pagers, digital cameras, and image capture devices. We are sitting on the cusp of the information appliance age, and IrDA is playing a significant role in enabling the interaction between information appliances, between information appliances and the information infrastructure, and between appliances communicating across the information infrastructure. This article discusses IrDA's communications model. It charts the evolution of the IrDA-Data (1.x) platform architecture, and the early applications and application services now in common Use. It considers the present day and the explosion in device categories embedding the IrDA platform. It broadens its horizons to consider other emerging appliances technologies and to consider communications models that might arise from a blend of IrDA short-range wireless communications and mobile object technologies. Finally, it considers future directions for the IrDA platform itself [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

We show a minimum price (MP) inter-domain routing algorithm that selects the cheapest paths among a number of independent domains, used for supplying end users with application services. The price of the network service is determined by the so-called service parameters and network parameters. The former represents the negotiable quality of service (QoS) parameters, summarized by the so-called virtual end-to-end delay, and the latter characterizes the intrinsic quality of the network [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. The authors identify several components of the application for residency and fellowship recruitment that impede progress toward conducting holistic review in graduate medical education (GME). As well, important differences between undergraduate (UME) and graduate medical education (GME) recruitment are discussed. The authors call for inclusion of questions about family background and disadvantaged status in the GME application, which is a standard practice within applications for health professions. The second recommendation encourages a question about non-cognitive strengths. Many specialties have adopted standardized letters of recommendation (SLORs) or standardized letters of evaluation (SLOEs) that collect this information from letters writers. Programs and applicants would benefit from uniformity across specialties. The authors also call for a centralized, searchable database that provides applicants with each program's mission, educational goals, and alumni outcomes. To support this paradigm shift in GME recruitment, reinforced with new Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education standards in July 2019, a task force should provide theoretical, evidence-based reasoning, along with development of new tools., (Copyright: © 2019 Williams C et al.)