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Introduction: Emotional dependence is an addictive behavior and presents as a psychosocial problem in the relationship, being an important factor in developing violence against women. Objective: Analyze emotional dependence and the rate of violence against women in Peru according to sociodemographic variables. Method: The study was correlational, quantitative, non-experimental cross-sectional. 1,236 women participated, intentionally chosen after having experienced some form of violence in a relationship. Two validated measurement instruments were used to identify emotional dependence and violence against women; in addition, sociodemographic information was included (age, area of residence, level of education, occupation, and romantic relationship). Non-parametric tests were used for data analysis. Results: A low significant positive correlation was found between the variables; the rate of violence is severe in many of the participants and the level of emotional dependence on the partner was moderate. Conclusions: Emotional dependence is a variable that causes the increase in violence against women, therefore, according to the sociodemographic variables, the youngest women who reside in urban areas are the most emotionally dependent, likewise, violence towards women is a social problem that does not distinguish any woman from potentially being a victim of violence, with adult women who maintain a relationship with their partner and are economically dependent being the most exposed to severe violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Emotional dependence (ED) is a chronic pattern of frustrated affective needs that include mood disorders and self-deception mechanisms. The main objective of the present study was to analyze the relationship between emotional dependence, self-deception, and negative feelings. Method: 255 participants aged between 18 and 65 years (M = 29.73; SD = 9.505) who have or had a relationship in the last three months participated. Results: 25.5% of participants showed intense emotional dependence. The existence of a positive bidirectional relationship between emotional dependence on self-deception and negative feelings was confirmed, with self-deception predicting its presence in 57.2%. The existence of ED in the person seems not determined by sex, contrary to what happens with age, being the youngest (18 to 23 years) those who present more emotional dependence. Discussion: The present study provides evidence of the relationship between the examined variables and their influence on couple relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional dependence is defined as a pattern of unmet affective needs that people attempt to satisfy inappropriately through interpersonal relationships. In contrast, mood is a person's emotional experiences; which may vary, but are usually stable over time. The general objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between emotional dependence and mood in university students. The research had a quantitative, descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional approach, with a sample of 150 students (53.2% men; 54.2% women), aged between 18 and 30 years. The Emotional Dependence Questionnaire (CDE) and the Mood Rating Scale (EVEA) were used to measure the variables. The results showed that 52.7% of the participants presented a mild level of emotional dependence, while 46.7% showed a moderate level. Joy was identified as the predominant mood state in the sample. However, a low but positive correlation was observed between emotional dependence and negative mood states such as anxiety, anger-hostility and sadness-depression. In addition, no significant differences were found in the levels of emotional dependence in relation to gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Body dissatisfaction is the discontent of the actual image versus the ideal one, while emotional dependence involves the intense need for affection that generates obsessive thoughts and submissive behaviors. Both phenomena can affect the overall well-being of the individual. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between body dissatisfaction and emotional dependence in university students. The study had a quantitative approach of non-experimental design, cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational scope. The sample consisted of 196 university students, 79 men and 117 women ranging from 18 to 38 years of age. The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) adapted by Martinez and Quishpe in 2021 and the Emotional Dependence Questionnaire (CDE) adapted by Brito and Gonzales in 2016 were used. The findings showed a moderate positive correlation between the variables; more than half of the participants presented low levels of body dissatisfaction and emotional dependence. As for the mean body dissatisfaction scores, there were statistically significant differences according to sex, being higher in women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumen: El objetivo del presente estudio se basó en evaluar las interconexiones y analizar las principales dimensiones de la dependencia emocional y funcionamiento familiar en estudiantes de psicología en la era de la post pandemia. Se constituyó una muestra de 580 estudiantes univeristarios de la carrera de Psicología de una Universidad Pública de Lima Perú, a quienes se les administró la Escala de Dependencia Emocional (ACCA) y Escala de Funcionalidad Familiar (FF-SIL). Los resultados indicaron que hubo una relación inversa y baja en los siguientes pares: el apego a la inseguridad y la cohesión familiar (r=-0.113), miego a la soledad y roles en la familiar (r=-0.074), y, la idealización de la pareja y afectividad en la familia (r=-0.101); asimismo, se demostró que la idealización de la pareja (BS=0.20) y el miedo a la soledad (BS=0.07) fueron más importantes en la red de dependencia emocional mientras que los roles (BS=0.17) y la cohesión (BS=0.11) fueron más relevantes en la variable funcionalidad familiar. Se concluyó la presencia de una relación inversa y baja entre las dimensiones de dependencia emocional y funcionamiento familiar, teniendo como aspectos centrales a la idealización de pareja y el miedo a la soledad, y los roles y cohesión familiar como mecanismos centrales del cambio.

Although emotional dependence has been considered to be directed towards friends, only assessment instruments for measuring emotional dependence towards a partner have been found. The study aims to create and validate the "Questionnaire of Emotional Dependence on Friends (CDEA)". Three studies were conducted to develop and validate the questionnaire. The preliminary version was administered to a sample of 278 adolescents, together with measures of emotional dependence on partners. The final version was administered to a sample of 675 adolescents, together with measures of attachment, stress, anxiety and depression. The CDEA scale was finally composed of 12 items grouped into two correlated dimensions: Exclusivity and Excessive Focus. It has shown adequate convergence with other emotional dependence instruments and related constructs. The CDEA is a brief self-report, valid and easy-to-complete assessment instrument that allows us to evaluate emotional dependence on friends in an adolescent population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la relación entre la dependencia emocional y el abuso psicológico en parejas jóvenes mediante la identificación de conductas de control, vigilancia y manipulación, tanto perpetradas como victimizadas a través de las redes sociales. Método. Para la recolección de datos, participaron 122 jóvenes españoles con edades entre los 18 y 32 años (x = 21.89; DT = 2.14). Resultados. Se comprobó una relación positiva entre la dependencia emocional y el abuso psicológico en las formas de cibercontrol y ciberagresión. Con respecto a la victimización por cibercontrol, se encontró que los participantes con mayor dependencia emocional obtuvieron puntuaciones promedio más elevadas que los que presentaron menor o nula dependencia. Se halló, además, que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en función del género y la edad, esto tanto en la perpetración como en la victimización por cibercontrol. Se concluye que es indispensable intervenir en estos procesos de dependencia y abuso emocional para evitar la normalización y legitimación de las conductas de cibercontrol y de abuso psicológico en las relaciones de pareja.

Codependency (COD) is a pattern of dysfunctional interpersonal bonding characterized by excessive attention to others´ needs and behaviors, neglecting oneself. It is often confused with emotional dependency (ED) and dependent personality disorder (DPD). In order to contribute to the debate regarding COD as an independent phenomenon, this study evaluates the relationship between these constructs. For this purpose, the Argentine Codependence Scale, the Emotional Dependence Questionnaire and the dependent subscale of the Millon Multiaxial Clinical Inventory were applied to a sample of 261 participants. COD was more strongly related to ED than to DPD. Although the results indicate some overlap between these concepts, this overlap does not seem to be so high as to suggest that COD is equivalent to ED or DPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attachment is a critical element of the origin of emotional dependence, and one of the most studied consequences of emotional dependence is its role in the development of anxious-depressive symptomatology. Self-compassion has been shown to be a protective factor against anxiety and depression, but no studies have been found that relate it to emotional dependence. Therefore, the three objectives of the present study were to analyse the relationship between these variables; to study whether sociodemographic variables influence these variables; to test whether emotional dependence mediates the relationship between attachment and dysfunctional psychological symptomatology; and to determine whether these relationships are moderated by self-compassion. The sample consisted of 940 adolescents (55.7% female and 44.3% male) from Spain. Emotional dependence was found to mediate the relationship between attachment and dysfunctional psychological symptomatology, and these relationships were moderated by self-compassion. Self-compassion is recognised as having a protective effect on levels of emotional dependence, stress, anxiety and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é abordar as características da dependência emocional e apresentar como ela afeta os relacionamentos interpessoais e influencia negativamente a saúde mental dos indivíduos acometidos. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa, ancorada em materiais científicos da área psicológica. Os resultados mostraram um indicativo de maior dependência emocional nas mulheres e o sentimento de culpa, medo do abandono, vazio emocional, despersonalização, ansiedade e depressão como principais consequências da dependência. Em muitas situações ocorre a violência doméstica, e a permanência da mulher dependente ao lado do parceiro agressor contribui para manutenção do ciclo da violência. Assim, torna-se imprescindível abordar o assunto nas discussões sociais, buscando a conscientização sobre a dependência emocional e a importância do cuidado com a saúde mental do dependente, no intuito de evitar ou tratar o problema.

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Several studies show that emotional dependence is a relevant problem because of its consequences in all areas of life. Early cognitive schemas and difficulties in emotional regulation are some of the factors involved in its aetiology. The aims of the present study were to analyse the relationship between these variables, hypothesising that difficulties in emotional regulation mediate the relationship between early dysfunctional schemas and emotional dependence. The sample consisted of 711 young Spanish participants aged between 18-30 years, with an average age of 21.32 years (SD= 2.94). The results showed a positive correlation between the three variables and that difficulties in emotional regulation mediated the relationship between early dysfunctional schemas and emotional dependence in the case of Abandonment, Dependence, Subjugation, Emotional inhibition, Insufficient self-control, Defectiveness and Self-sacrifice This study gives us a clearer picture of how these variables are related and provides information that could be of great use in assisting people with emotional dependence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tesla Revista Científica is the property of Puerto Madero Editorial Academica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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La vinculación entre dependencia emocional y autoestima es un tema complejo que se ha venido abordando desde diversas aristas y el sector educativo no debería estar ausente de esta discusión. En este sentido, este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir la relación entre la dependencia emocional y la autoestima en estudiantes de la carrera de Psicología de la Universidad Adventista de Bolivia, en la gestión 2022. Para ello, se trabajó bajo el paradigma cuantitativo, con diseño no experimental y tipología descriptiva. La población estuvo conformada por 105 estudiantes de la carrera y casa de estudio mencionada y la muestra por 67 estudiantes entre 18 y 25 años que tuvieran o hayan tenido una relación de pareja y que participaran de manera voluntaria. La recolección de la información se realizó a través del cuestionario de dependencia emocional Lemos y Londoño (2006) y el inventario de autoestima de Coopersmith (1959). Una vez se recabó la información se procedió a su procesamiento e interpretación. Se concluyó que existe una relación negativa entre la dependencia emocional y la autoestima: a menor dependencia emocional, mayor autoestima.

La presente investigación de mapeo sistemático tuvo como objetivo principal identificar las publicaciones científicas que hay sobre violencia y dependencia emocional en los últimos dos años. La metodología utilizada consistió en una búsqueda de documentos en las siguientes bases de datos: Web of Science, Scopus a través de la búsqueda “risk* of violence* AND emotion* dependen*”, y para Scielo y La Referencia “Violencia Dependencia emocional”. Donde se encontraron 19 estudios de investigación, los cuales conforman artículos, tesis de maestría y doctorados. Se halló que la mayoría de investigaciones se han realizado en Latinoamérica, especialmente en Perú en los cuales se ha empleado mayormente el Cuestionario de Dependencia Emocional (CDE)de Lemos y Londoño, el Inventario de Dependencia Emocional (IDE), con relación a la variable de violencia se utilizan indistintos tipos de instrumentos. Se pudo detectar que en una gran parte de las exploraciones hay una conexión cercana entre violencia y dependencia emocional, produciendo problemas en la salud integral de la persona. Cabe recalcar que ninguna de las investigaciones pertenece al cuartil nivel uno, lo que llevaría a la conclusión que sería beneficioso llevar a cabo investigaciones innovadoras sobre esta temática a fin de optimizar futuros estudios en relaciones de pareja.

In order to determine how emotional dependence and self-esteem predict psychological violence in Peruvian women entrepreneurs, a predictive cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 180 women entrepreneurs to whom the Psychological Maltreatment Inventory (PMWI), the Emotional Dependence Questionnaire (EDC) and the Stanley Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (Form "C") were applied. The results show significant correlations between psychological violence, self-esteem and emotional dependence; also, it was found that education level, marital status, self-esteem level and emotional dependence are predictors of psychological violence. It is concluded that low levels of self-esteem and high levels of emotional dependence can predict high levels of psychological violence in Peruvian women entrepreneurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Científica de Ciencias de la Salud is the property of Revista Cientifica de Ciencias de la Salud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Prior research has identified the important role of emotional dependency in the dynamics of chronic intimate partner violence. The main objectives of this paper are to analyze the emotional and other related psychological variables (anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and anger) in male batterers and male non-batterers when they are involved in lasting relationships. The sample consisted of 100 people. A group of 50 male batterers in community treatment was compared to a group of 50 male non-batterers on measures of emotional dependency. Male batterers scored much higher than male non-batterers on emotional dependency. Furthermore, emotional dependency in male batterers was positively associated with depression, but not with anxiety, self-esteem, and anger. These findings support that emotional dependency in men is an important factor in the motivational dynamics of intimate partner violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Esta investigación estudia la relación entre Dependencia Emocional y Distorsiones Cognitivas en mujeres víctimas de violencia conyugal. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo de alcance correlacional. Se trabajó con una muestra intencional de 42 mujeres con edades comprendidas entre 18 a 54 años víctimas de Violencia Doméstica quienes asisten a instituciones públicas que brindan asistencia jurídica y psicológica a estas personas. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Dependencia Emocional y el Inventario de Pensamientos Automáticos. El análisis de datos se realizó con el programa estadístico SPSS 20. Los resultados indican que existen relaciones positivas entre la mayoría de las dimensiones de dependencia emocional y los tipos de distorsiones cognitivas.

A violência contra a mulher assim como a COVID-19 é um fenômeno pandêmico, que atinge todas as camadas sociais. O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer as relações entre o abuso psicológico, a autoestima e a dependência emocional de mulheres durante a pandemia, sob a ótica da teoria do vínculo traumático. Contamos com 222 mulheres, a maioria heterossexual (76,6 %), namorando (53,3 %) ou casadas (44,1 %). Os resultados demonstraram que quanto maior o abuso psicológico, menor é a autoestima e maior a dependência do cônjuge. Um modelo alternativo também foi confirmado, demonstrando que quanto maior a dependência, maior a susceptibilidade em manter relacionamentos abusivos e a baixa autoestima intensifica esse processo de caráter cíclico. Além disso, observamos que mulheres que convivem em tempo integral com parceiros durante o isolamento social apresentaram maior abuso psicológico e dependência exclusiva.

La presente investigación conceptualiza y describe los distintos perfiles de dependencia emocional transgeneracional, concepto que no ha sido construido previamente, caracterizado por la historia de violencia intrafamiliar vivida o presenciada por las mujeres, en su sistema social desde su infancia temprana, que genera la creencia de “no poder vivir sin el otro” y que antecede su situación de víctimas de violencia de pareja. El estudio es descriptivo, de campo, con la encuesta como método de recolección de datos, y el análisis de contenidos y frecuencias, para examinar la información recabada. La muestra constó de 50 mujeres, de dos ciudades de la Sierra Ecuatoriana (Quito y Riobamba). Se evidenció que existen diferencias en el fenómeno de violencia de pareja en cuanto a dos factores: Las características socio demográficas propias de estas ciudades; y, los patrones intrafamiliares que sostienen la dependencia emocional transgeneracional. En conclusión, en ambas ciudades las participantes provienen de familias caracterizadas por historias de violencia en varias generaciones; y, en Riobamba, ambos factores aumentan la probabilidad de que las mujeres desarrollen dependencia en sus relaciones de pareja y sufran de violencia, encontrándose en mayor vulnerabilidad. Se propone replicar la investigación en otros escenarios, ampliar la muestra y el análisis.

Considerando que a dependência emocional está presente na sociedade e que isso pode causar sofrimento psíquico, esta pesquisa estudou esse fenômeno em mulheres. Objetivou-se compreender os efeitos de um grupo de apoio no modelo do MADA - Mulheres que Amam Demais Anônimas, com base na Psicologia, para mulheres dependentes emocionalmente de seus relacionamentos amorosos, proporcionando espaço de acolhimento psicológico. Realizaram-se cinco encontros, com mulheres nessa situação, na forma de grupos focais como método de pesquisa. Para análise do discurso das participantes utilizou-se o software IRaMuTeQ. Nos relatos das participantes, surgiram como principais temas: o medo de ficarem sozinhas, o sentimento de culpa, a perda de suas identidades, o relacionamento delas com seus pais, a influência cultural e as vantagens de um grupo de apoio. Ao final, foi possível compreender mais sobre a dependência emocional, fatores que influenciam mulheres a ficarem nos relacionamentos, mesmo que estejam infelizes, e quais sentimentos emergem dessa situação.

People with emotional dependence present constant concerns about possible abandonment or betrayal by their partner. In this way, they implement a wide range of retention strategies aimed at covering the great need for control in the relationship. In addition, they feel dissatisfaction and frustration in the relationship since they feel they will never get what they want or expect from it. Therefore, the objectives of the study are aimed at analyzing the possible relationship between emotional dependence, intolerance to uncertainty, tendency to worry and pessimism. Also, the mediating role of these factors in the relationship between emotional dependence and permanence in violent relationships is verified due to the high prevalence of occurring jointly in the same relationship. A total of 258 people participated, 77.1% women and 22.9% men with ages ranging from 18 to 67 (M = 32.63; SD = 11.66). The results reflected positive relationships between emotional dependence, intolerance to uncertainty, tendency to worry and pessimism. Likewise, it is proven that emotional dependence leads to permanence in violent relationships through the factors mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivou-se adaptar o Cuestionario de Dependencia Emocional (CDE), reunindo evidências de validade e precisão, especificamente verificar o padrão de relação com autoestima. Para tanto, foram realizados dois estudos com participantes oriundos de uma capital do nordeste do Brasil. No primeiro (n = 244), foi realizado a adaptação do CDE e executada uma análise fatorial exploratória, a qual sugeriu uma estrutura unifatorial. No segundo (n = 236), executaram-se análises fatoriais confirmatórias testando modelos alternativos (uni e hexafatorial). Ademais, realizou-se a correlação de Pearson (r) que evidenciouuma relação negativa e estatisticamente significativa entre autoestima e a dependência emocional, indicando validade convergente. Ademais, constatou-se precisão satisfatória em ambos os estudos. Conclui-se que o CDE é válido e fidedigno, podendo auxiliar na avaliação de indivíduos que estão em relacionamentos amorosos e na busca de um consenso acerca do conceito e das dimensões da dependência emocional.

Existe una estrecha relación entre la creencia en mitos románticos acerca de las relaciones de pareja y la presencia de dependencia emocional debido a que dichas creencias promueven que las necesidades e intereses individuales se dejen en un segundo plano. El objetivo de la presente investigación consistió en identificar si existen diferencias en función del nivel educativo de los individuos en la relación existente entre la presencia de mitos románticos y la dependencia emocional en la relación de pareja y para ello se trabajó con 34 estudiantes de bachillerato y 61 estudiantes de licenciatura, a quienes se les aplicó la Escala de Mitos, Falacias y Creencias Amorosas Erróneas del Amor Romántico y un cuestionario de Dependencia Emocional. Los resultados muestran que los alumnos de bachillerato tienen puntajes más altos en dependencia emocional y mayor aceptación de los mitos. En el alumnado universitario se encontraron más correlaciones entre mitos y dependencia que en el estudiantado de bachillerato. Palabras clave: dependencia emocional, mitos del amor, relación de pareja

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal conhecer e analisar as narrativas de mulheres sobre suas experiências de namoro em relacionamentos abusivos. Assim, buscou-se compreender quais contingências mantinham as mulheres em um relacionamento amoroso abusivo e como as vítimas lidavam com os episódios de abuso. Verificaram-se também quais os possíveis desdobramentos de tal relação sob o ponto de vista da vítima. Por último, tentou-se entender a perspectiva futura delas após terem vivenciado um relacionamento dessa natureza. Para o alcance dos objetivos propostos, foi feito um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o tema e foram realizadas entrevistas com cinco mulheres que já vivenciaram relacionamentos amorosos abusivos. O resultado, de maneira geral, refere-se à dependência emocional como principal fator mantenedor das mulheres nessas relações.

The main objectives of this paper have been to analyze the emotional dependency in battered and non-battered women when they are involved in lasting relationships with the Partner's Emotional Dependency Scale (SED; Camarillo et al., 2020). The relationship was examined between emotional dependency and clinical and personality variables (anxiety, depression, selfesteem, and impulsivity), and cut-off points were established to detect the risk of intimate partner violence according to emotional dependency. The sample consisted of 257 people, 144 battered women in treatment and 113 nonbattered women with the same demographics. Battered women scored much higher than non-battered women on all dimensions of emotional dependency. In turn, emotional dependency in battered women was significant and positively associated to depression, anxiety, and impulsivity and negatively to self-esteem. Some cut-off points have been suggested to detect the risk of intimate partner violence according to emotional dependency. Lastly, implications of this study for future research in this field are commented upon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of the study were to evaluate the relationship between emotional dependence and social anxiety, fear of negative evaluation and dysfunctional perfectionism, as well as its mediating role in the relationship between perfectionistic parental influences and physical violence received from the partner. A total of 258 people (77.1% female) aged 18-67 years (M= 32.63, SD= 11.66) participated. The findings suggested that emotional dependence was positively associated with intimate partner violence received, social anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, and dysfunctional perfectionism. In turn, intimate partner violence received was positively associated with dysfunctional perfectionism. Emotional dependence explained 16.55% of the relationship between perfectionist parental influences, referring to the perception of openly critical parental figures with high expectations, and the permanence in physically violent intimate partner relationships. In conclusion, the need to investigate and include these factors in psychological interventions aimed at treating both problems such as emotional dependence and permanence in violent relationships is mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cyber abuse of a partner in young people is increasingly normalized and is associated with maladaptive relational patterns. Objective: Analyze the relationship between emotional dependence and control of the partner through social networks in the sentimental relationships of young people. Methods: 627 Spanish university students with an age range between 18 and 26 years (M = 21.27; SD = 1.72) participated in this study. Participants were evaluated in emotional dependence, risk of addiction to social networks, and cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. Results: Significant and positive relations were obtained among emotional dependence, cyber-control and victimization of online aggression. Likewise, it was found that boys exercised more control online towards their partners and that girls with emotional dependence had greater risk of addiction to new technologies. Conclusions: The link between emotional dependence and cyber-abuse in the couple is established, so that the need to promote proposals for prevention and psychosocial intervention is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: actualmente existe un debate sobre si la “Dependencia Emocional” constituye un trastorno real, el aumento de las publicaciones sobre este tema en los últimos años parece reflejar el interés por este problema. El objetivo de esta revisión es proporcionar una visión general completa de los estudios empíricos actuales sobre la dependencia emocional desde una perspectiva integradora. Método: se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura para (i) identificar estudios empíricos que evalúen la dependencia emocional en mujeres (ii) revisar el concepto, su definición, identificación y aspectos asociados y (iii) presentar, relacionar y discutir los resultados. Resultados: la revisión sistemática de la literatura identificó 19 estudios relevantes. Los estudios incluidos utilizaron muestras clínicas y de población general (menores, adolescentes y adultos) y se centraron en las características de las personas afectadas por el problema. Los trabajos se focalizaron en (1) la validación de instrumentos de medida; y (2) estudios descriptivos o correlacionales. Discusión: es necesario un consenso con respecto a la definición y al diagnóstico de la dependencia emocional. Existe una necesidad de mayor consistencia y estandarización en esta área. Es vital un esfuerzo internacional para comprender la psicopatología del problema y desarrollar mejores prácticas en el tratamiento.

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Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)